人教版新目标九年级英语Unit 6讲义及重点总结

新目标九年级
Unit 6 When was it invented? 讲义一、词性转换
Section A
1. electricity → (adj.) electric
2. pleasure → (adj.) pleased
3. accidental → (n.) accident
4. ruler → (v.) rule
5. boil → (adj.) boiling/ boiled
6. national → (n.) nation
7. low → (反义词.) high
8. translate → (n.) translation
9. sudden → (adv.) suddenly
10. musical → (n.) music 11. instrument → (n.) instrumental Section B
12. salty → (n.) salt
13. Canadian → (n.) Canada
14. divide → (n.) division
15. popularity → (adj.) popular
16. hero → (adj.) heroic
17. professional → (n.) profession
二、短语归纳
1. the style of……的样式
2. such a great invention 如此伟大的一项发明
3. be used for被用于…
4. by accident 偶然；意外地
5. think of/ about 想；考虑
6. fall into 落入；陷入
7. some time 一段时间
8. less than少于；不到
9. take place发生；出现
10. the popularity of……的普及
11. without doubt毫无疑问
12. at a low price以低价
13. translate…into…把…翻译成…
14. all of a sudden突然；猛地
15. by mistake错误地；无意中
16. in the end最后17. a cook called George Crum
一个名字叫乔治克拉姆的厨师
18. more than多于；超过
19. divide…into…把…分成…
20. at the same time同时
21. stop…from doing…阻止…做…
22. dream of/ about梦想；向往
23. not only…but also…不但…而且…
24. the number of……的数量
25. more and more越来越
26. look up to钦佩；仰慕
27. achieve one’s dreams实现某人的梦想
28. take notes记笔记
29. be used to do sth. 被用于做某事
30. lead to导致；导向
三、句型集萃
1. It is said that + 从句据说…
2. It is believed that + 从句人们认为…
3. ask sb. (not) to do sth.
要求某人（不要）做某事4. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
5. need to do sth. 需要做某事
6. encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事
三、重点句子
1. the style of the shoes 鞋的样式★
style短语：
in style 流行的；时髦的
out of style 过时的
a life style生活方式
2. --- Can you help me think of an invention? 你能帮我想个发明吗？★★
--- My pleasure! 乐意效劳！
辨析：pleasure, pleased, pleasing, please与pleasant
pleasure，名词，“愉快，高兴”，多用于口语：It’s my pleasure./ With pleasure.
pleased，形容词，“高兴的，喜欢的”，修饰人；
pleasing，形容词，“令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的；使人满意的，合意的”，修饰物；
please，及物动词，“使高兴、满意、愉快”等；不及物动词，“高兴，愉快”等；
pleasant，形容词，定语，“令人高兴的，令人愉快的”，修饰事物，不能修饰人。

例句：
和她谈话是一种乐趣。

It is a pleasure to talk with her.
我们对我们的新房很满意。

We are very pleased with our new house.
结果让大多数人满意。

The results are pleasing to most people.
这个好消息使全家人很高兴。

The good news pleased the family.
我希望你旅途愉快。

I hope you have a pleasant trip.
3. Is it really such a great invention? 它真的是这么伟大的一项发明吗? ★★
辨析：such与so
such，形容词，后接名词或名词短语：
such (a/ an) + adj. + n. ；
some/ any/ no…+ such + n.
so，副词，后接形容词或副词：
so + adj./ adv. 或so + adj. + a/ an + n.；
so many/ much/ few/ little + n.
例句：
我以前从未见过如此美丽的地方。

I have never seen such a beautiful place before.
对不起，我没有这样的书。

I’m sorry that I have no such books.
我的爸爸给我买了一只如此可爱的狗。

My father bought me so lovely a dog.
他的房间里有如此多的书。

He has so many books in his room.
注意：so + adj. + a/ an + n. = such a/ an + adj. + n.
例句：
我从未读过如此有趣的书。

I have never read so interesting a book. = I have never read such an interesting book.
【山东烟台】
--- Why do you speak in _______ a loud voice?
--- Because I want to make myself _______ clearly.
A. such; hear
B. so; heard
C. such; heard
D. so;
hear
4. Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. 想想在我们的日常生活中它多久
被用一次。

★
think of 记起，想起；考虑；想像；关心
think about 考虑
think over 仔细考虑；重新考虑
我想不起法语的“爱”是怎么说的了。

I can't think of the word for “love” in French.
也许我们应该重新考虑一下这件事。

Perhaps we ought to think about this again.
基辛格要求尼克松给他一个星期的时间来考虑。

Kissinger asked Nixon for a week to think over it.
5. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some
time. 一些叶子从茶树上落入这水里并在里面停留了一段时间。

①fall 短语：★
fall into 落入；陷入
fall behind落后
fall down摔倒
fall off掉下
fall asleep入睡
②辨析：some time, sometimes, some times与sometime ★★
some time，名词短语，“一段时间”，对它提问用how long；
sometimes，频度副词，“有时”，一般用于一般现在时；
some times，名词短语，“几次；几倍”，其中time是可数名词，对它提问用how many times；
sometime，副词，“某时”，对它提问用when。

6. …one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. …世界上最受欢迎的饮料诞生了。

★
one of 后接复数名词或代词宾格形式，意为“…之一”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。

例句：
《功夫熊猫》是最有趣的电影之一。

Kung Fu Panda is one of the most interesting films.
他们当中的一个擅长英语。

One of them is good at English.
one of + the + 形容词的最高级+名词复数形式，意为“最…之一”。

例句：
长江是世界上最长的河流之一。

Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
他是我们班最好的学生之一。

He is one of the best students in our class.
【上海】Pudong International Airport is one of _______ airports in the world.
A. big
B. bigger
C. biggest
D. the biggest
7. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th
centuries. 人们认为在6世纪和7世纪期间，茶被带到了韩国和日本。

★★
It is believed that…相当于People believe that…意为“人们认为…”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。

类似的句型还有：
It is said that…据说…；
It is reported that…据报道…；
It’s known that…众所周知…；
It is supposed / thought that…人们认为…。

人们认为它是很值得看的。

It is believed that it is well worth seeing.
据说他们赢得了那场比赛。

It is said that they have won the game.
8. Potato chips were invented by mistake. 薯条是无意中被发明的。

★
mistake短语：
by mistake无意中；错误地
make a mistake犯错误
mistake …for…把…错认成…
例句：
我错拿了你的钢笔。

I took your pen by mistake.
别再犯错误了。

Don’t make mistakes any more.
昨天我错把莉莉当成了露西。

I mistook Lily for Lucy yesterday.
9. It is over 100 years old and is played by more than 100 million people in over
200 countries. 篮球运动有100多年的历史了，有200多个国家的一亿多人打篮球。

★
over用法：
①over介词，意为“多于；超过”，相当于more than，说明数目和程度；
②表示“在…之上”，垂直且不接触，反义词为under；
③表示“在…期间；在…时间内”；
④表示“穿越”，指从某物的上方越过；
⑤表示“到处；各处”。

例句：
我们学校有400多名学生。

There are over/ more than four hundred students in our school.
灯在桌子的上方。

The light is over the table.
这三年来我做了一些有趣的事情。

I have done some interesting things over the three years.
河上有一座桥。

There is a bridge over the river.
我们将周游世界。

We’ll travel all over the world.
10. Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like
them. 许多年轻人钦佩这些篮球英雄，并且想成为像他们一样的人。

①look短语：★
look up to sb. 尊敬( 某人),仰慕（某人），钦佩（某人）
look about/around 环顾四周,随便看看，到处看看；
look after sb./ sth. 照顾（某人/某物），照料（某人/某物），关心（某人/某物）。

look down upon/ on sb./ sth. 看不起(某人/某事)，瞧不起(某人/某事)。

look for sth. 寻找（某物/某事）。

look forward to n./ v-ing 期待…，盼望…。

look into sth. 调查(某事)，研究(某事)，了解(某事)。

look like sb. 看起来像[某人]。

look out 向外看，注意，当心，小心。

如：
look over sth. 审阅(某物)，翻阅(某物)，打量(某物)，检查(某物),看一下(某物)
look sb. over 上下打量（某人），看看（某人）
look through sth. 翻阅(某物)，浏览(某物)。

look up 查阅…在…中，查找。

例句：
开会前他把报告看了一遍。

Before the meeting he looked through the reports.
考试前翻翻你的笔记。

Look through your notes before the examination.
他上下打量她，然后微微点了点头。

He looked her over and nodded lightly.
请你帮我看一下我的练习好吗? Would you mind looking over my exercises?
当心! 汽车来了! Look out! There’s a car coming!
你若不当心，你会受伤的。

If you don’t look out, you’ll hurt yourself.
他看上去像你哥哥。

He looks like your brother.
他长相如何? What does he look like?
看来他象个老实人。

He looks like an honest man.
我们会马上调查此事。

We’ ll look into that right away.
警方正调查事故原因。

The police are looking into the cause of the accident.
我们盼望收到你的来信。

We’re looking forward to hearing from you.
孩子们都盼望着你的到来。

The children are looking forward to your visit.
我到处找过它了I’ ve looked for it everywhere.
你是在自找麻烦。

You are looking for trouble.
你不应该瞧不起穷人。

You shouldn’t look down upon the poor.
她喜欢网球，但轻视足球。

She likes tennis, but looks down on football.
我能照顾自己。

I can look after myself.
谁在照看行李? Who is looking after the luggage?
这个词查查词典吧。

Look up this word in the dictionary.
这个人不停地环顾四周。

The man kept looking about.
不是，我只是随便看看。

I’m just looking around.
我尊敬父母。

I look up to my parents.
他是位好老师，我们一向尊重他。

He is a good teacher. We’ve always look up to him.
②hero可数名词，复数形式为heroes. ★
【襄阳】72. ---I think the volunteers who saved people in trouble should be
regarded as heroes (那些拯救受困人员的志愿者应该被视为英雄) as well. (regard) ---I agree.
11. These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams. 这
些明星激励着年轻人为实现他们的梦想而努力学习。

①encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事★
encourage sb. in sth. 在…方面助长某人的行为/ 鼓励某人
【辽宁鞍山】Jessica’s parents always encourage her _______ out her opinions.
A. speak
B. speaking
C. to speak
D. will
speak
②to achieve their dreams是不定式短语，作work hard的目的状语，意为“为了实现
他们的梦想”。

动词不定式作目的状语，通常意为“为了…”。

★★★
例句：
为了赶早班公共汽车，她早早地起了床。

She got up early to catch the early bus.
【哈尔滨】Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, you’d better try different ways you can think of _______ words and expressions.
A. remember
B. to remember
C. remembering
五、语法归纳：一般过去时的被动语态
1. 构成：was/ were + 及物动词的过去分词
2. 句式变化：肯定句：主语+ was/ were + 及物动词的过去分词+其他
否定句：主语+ wasn’t/ weren’t + 及物动词的过去分词+其他
一般疑问句：Was/ Were + 主语+ 及物动词的过去分词+其他?
3. 各种时态的被动语态：
一般现在时：be动词的一般现在时am/ is/are + 及物动词的过去分词
一般过去时：be动词的一般过去时was/were + 及物动词的过去分词
一般将来时：be动词的一般将来时will be + 及物动词的过去分词
现在进行时：be动词的现在进行时am/is/are being + 及物动词的过去分词
过去进行时：be动词的过去进行时was/were being + 及物动词的过去分词
现在完成时：be动词的现在完成时have/ has been + 及物动词的过去分词
过去完成时：be动词的过去完成时had been + 及物动词的过去分词
4. 被动语态的注意事项
①“主语+ 连系动词+ 表语”的句子没有被动语态。

②there be结构没有被动语态。

③主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态。

④句子是主谓结构时没有被动语态。

也就是说，不及物动词没有被动语态。

⑤有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语，如果变被动语态，不能把动词后的介词丢掉。

例句：他照看他妹妹。

He looks after his younger sister. →His younger sister is looked after by him.
⑥make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等词，主动语态后跟省略to的动词不定式，但在被
动语态中，to不可省略。

例句：我们看到一个陌生人进入了大厅。

We saw a stranger enter the hall. →A stranger was seen to enter the hall by us.
【语法专练】
1. 【陕西】The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _______.
A. invents
B. invented
C. is invented
D. was invented
2. 【广西玉林】Many houses _______ in the earthquake of April 20, in Ya’an.
A. is destroyed
B. are destroyed
C. was destroyed
D. were destroyed
3. 【河北】Annie _______ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.
A. invites
B. is invited
C. was invited
D. has invited
4. 【江苏泰州】--- “Frog”, Mo Yan’s latest novel, please!
--- Sorry, it _______ just now. But it will come out again soon
A. sold out
B. is sold out
C. has sold out
D. was sold out
5. 【哈尔滨】On June 11th, , Shenzhou-10 carrying three astronauts _______ into space
from the space center in Jiuquan. All the Chinese people are proud of its successful lunch.
A. sent up
B. are sent up
C. was sent up
D. were sent up
6. 【湖南株洲】Do you know when the first train _______ in China?
A .was produced B. is produced C. produced
7. 【江苏苏州】--- Have you heard about that car accident near the school?
--- Yes, luckily no one_______.
A. hurt
B. was hurt
C. has hurt
D. were hurt
8. 【北京】Flowers _______ along the road last year.
A. plant
B. planted
C. are planted
D. were planted
9. 【江西】The Chinese writer has got lots of fans in France. His new book _______ into
French as soon as it came out.
A. was translated
B. translated
C. is translated
D. translates
10. 【成都】--- Do you know who invented the telephone?
--- No. I only know it _______ in 1876.
A. invented
B. was invented
C. invents
11. 【广东】It _______ last week that the haze (雾霾) in Beijing caused many problems.
A. reports
B. reported
C. is reported
D. was reported
12. 【青海】These storybooks _______ in the 1990s, but they are still popular.
A. are written
B. were writing
C. were written
13. 【湘潭】I hear that another big library _______ in their school two years ago.
A. will be built
B. is building
C. was built
14. 【雅安】--- Who designed this game?
--- It _______ by Tom in 1999.
A. is designed
B. designs
C. was designed
D. designed
15. 【临沂】--- Do you know Earth Day?
--- Sure. It _______ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.
A.sets up
B. set up
C. is set up
D. was set up。