高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题

高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题
动词不定式
一．动词不定式的时态
练习：
1.I’m very happy (hear) that the German team won the match.
2.She is said (study) in France.
据说她正在法国留学。

3.He pretended (sleep) when his younger brother came in.
当他弟弟进来时，他假装在睡觉。

4.When you called me up, I happened (prepare) dinner.
你给我打电话时，我正好在做饭。

5.You are lucky （get）tickets to the football match.
你买到了足球赛门票，真幸运。

6.He appears (wait) here for a long time.
他似乎在这里等了很久。

（仍然在等待）
单选
1.We agreed here but so far she has not turned up yet.
A.having met
B. meeting
C. to meet
D. to have met
2.Charles Babbage is generally considered the first computer.
A.to invent
B. inventing
C. to have invented
D. having invented
3.Tom happened when they spoke ill of him.
A.passing by
B. to be passing by
C. to passing by
D. to having passed by
4.The doctor warned the patient not to eat sugar. I’m sorry
told you about it.
A.to have not
B. to not have
C. not to have
D. not having
5.The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Li Na, who was said
a miracle in the tennis.
A.making
B. having made
C. to have made
D. make
6.The police are now searching for a woman who is reported
to
since the earthquake hit the area.
A.have been missing
B. miss
C. be missed
D. have missed
二．动词不定式的被动语态
1.She asked (send) to work in Tibet.
她要求被派到西藏去工作。

2.In general, people do not like (make fun of).
一般说来，人们都不喜欢被他人取笑。

3.The book is said (translate) into more than 30 languages.
据说这本书已被翻译成了30多种语言。

4.The company requires him (go) abroad for further study.
5.The boy felt annoyed (interrupt) when he was playing games.
注意：动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义的常见情形
1.名词/代词+ be + easy/ difficult/ fit + 动词不定式
2.There be + 名词+ to do
这周有很多家庭作业要做。

3.Sb have/ get/ want/ need + 宾语+ to do
我有一些椅子要修。

4.give / show/ buy/ lend sb sth to do
He will show you the way to take.
Please lend him some books to read.
5.be to blame for
The firm was to blame for the accident.
单选
1.The message is very important, so it is supposed out as soon as possible.
A.to be sent
B. to send
C. being sent
D. sending
2.Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears
Everything.
A.to tell
B. to be told
C. to be telling
D. to have been told
3.When elephants eat huge quantities of leaves and grasses, other animals have trouble finding enough food .
A.to be eaten
B. eating
C. to eat
D. being eaten
4.In many people’s opinion, the CEO of the company, though relatively young, is pleasant .
A.to deal with
B. dealing with
C. to be dealt with
D. dealt with
5.The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
A.cause
B. being caused
C. to be caused
D. to have caused
6.It is unclear whether faulty design or poor construction was
for the collapse of the building.
A.blaming
B. blamed
C. being blamed
D. to blame
三．动词不定式作主语
1.It be +形容词（difficult/ easy/ hard/ important/ impossible/ interesting/ necessary）+ for sb + 不定式
2.It be +形容词(careful/ clever/ wise/ impolite/ nice/ right/ wrong/ bad/ kind)+ of sb + 不定式
3.It be + 名词(pleasure/ pity/ crime/ shame/ honour) + 不定式
4.It takes (sb) time + 不定式
练习：
1.basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A.Known
B. Having known
C. To know
D. Being known
2.According to the doctor, would be good for you to have a holiday.
A.this
B. that
C. one
D. it
3.It’s standard practice for a company like this one a security officer.
A.employed
B. employing
C. to employ
D. employs
4.takes confidence to make a new start——there’s a dark period in-between where you’are neither one thing nor the other.
A.That
B. This
C. One
D. It
5.It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness .
A.to make
B. to be made
C. making
D. being made
6.Although regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea
too close to bedtime.
A.to exercising
B. to exercise
C. exercising
D. exercises
四，动词不定式作宾语
1.agree/ decline (谢绝，婉拒)/ refuse/ offer/ promise/ choose/ decide/ determine/ intend（打算）/ manage（设法）/
expect/ wish/ tend（趋向，倾向）/ mean（打算）/ pretend（假装）/ afford ……+ 不定式
2.动词后接不定式和动名词的区别
3.有些动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意思差别不大，如like/ love / begin/ start/ prefer/ continue/ hate/ intend to do/ doing
4.feel / find/ make/ think/ believe/ consider it + adj./ n. + 不定式
5.advise/ decide/ discuss/ learn/ know/ show/ tell + 疑问词+不定式
6.①介词but/ except/ besides + to do
②介词but/ except/ besides 前面有实义动词do及其各种形式时，but/ except/ besides + do (to 省略)
The young man had no choice but (go) abroad for further study at that time.
What can Mary do besides (try) to sell her house?
He used to do nothing but (lie) in bed, listening to the radio. She wants nothing but (drink) a cup of tea.
单选
1.David threatened his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
A.to be reported
B. reporting
C. to report
D. having reported
2.The citizens were told firecrakers after the Spring Festival.
A.not set off
B. don’t set off
C. not setting off
D. not to set off
3.In the west, people make a rule to send Christmas presents to their relatives and friends.
A.this
B. that
C. it
D. one
4.We feel our duty to make our country a better place.
A.it
B. this
C. that
D. one
5.The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other.
A.it
B. them
C. her
D. that
6.The teacher asked us so much noise.
A.don’t make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make
7.The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A.that
B. it
C. this
D. what
五．动词不定式作表语（表示目的和结果）和定语
1.系动词+ 表语
系动词：be
seem、appear
2.动词不定式一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。

(1) the first/ the second/ the last/ the best/ the only thing + 不定式（后置定语）
（2）There is nothing to worry about.
The city I chose to live in was Shenzhen.
Please give me a knife to cut with.
单选
1.My five-year plan is into different markets and open up an entity that focuses solely on nonprofit organisations.
A.expand
B. to expand
C. to be expanding
D. to have expanded
2.There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A.solving
B. solved
C. being solved
D. to be solved
3.That econimic boom led to Luanda being named the most expensive city in the world .
A.to live in
B. to live
C. living
D. living in
4.——The last one pays the meal.
——Agreed!
A.arrived
B. arrives
C. to arrive
D. arriving
六．动词不定式作状语
1.动词不定式作目的状语
He drew a map to show us how to get to his house.
To accomplish the task on time, we have to work day and night.
为了加强语气，在动词不定式前面可以加in order/ so as
He ran very quickly so as to/ in order to catch the last bus.
注意：so as to 引出的目的状语不能放在句首；
in order to 引出的目的状语既可以放在句首也可以放在句子后部。

2.动词不定式作结果状语
1.only/ never + 动词不定式：强调结果和失望的情绪。

They hurried to the railway station, only to find that the train had left. He went off to the war, never to return alive.
2.Sb be + 对人进行表扬或批评的形容词（right/ polite/ crazy/
geneous/ kind/ nice/ greedy/ silly）+ 动词不定式
练习：
1.He rushed back to collect his camera after the quake, only
that the building had collapsed.
A.finding
B. having found
C. found
D. to find
2.the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
A.Working out
B. Worked out
C. To work out
D. Work out
3.——I hope to take the computer course.
——Good idea. more about it, visit our website.
A.To find out
B. Finding out
C. To be finding out
D. Having found out
4.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only
it didn’t fit.
A.to find
B. found
C. finding
D. having found
5.Group activities will be organised after class the children develop the team spirit.
A.helping
B. having helped
C. helped
D. to help
6.When you are out in nature, it is important to speak softly
frighten the animals away.
A.so not as to
B. so as to not
C. so as not to
D. not so as to
七．动词不定式作补足语
1.allow/ ask/ advise/ beg/ cause/ drive/ encourage/ expect/ forbid/ force/ get/ order/ permit/ persuade/ teach/ tell/ want/ warn / wish sb to do sth
2.感官动词（feel/ hear/ watch/ see）、使役动词（let/ have/ make）sb do sth
Sb be made to do sth
练习
1.Paul doesn’t have to be made . He always works hard.
A.learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
2.They knew her very well. They had seen her up from childhood.
A.grow
B. grew
C. was growing
D. to grow
八．疑问词（who/ whom/ what/ which/ when/ how/ where）+动词不定式
注意：why后面不直接加动词不定式
练习
1.He’s already anxious about to do if Amy leaves the
company.
A.what
B. where
C. which
D. who
2.I’ve worked with children before, so I know what in my new job.
A.expected
B. to expect
C. to be expecting
D. expect
3.——Can you give us some advice on what next?
——Of course.
A.does
B. to do
C. to be done
D. doing
4.All I can think about is to get the money to save my daughter’s life.
A.what
B. why
C. how D which
5.There’re so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind to buy.
A.what
B. which
C. how
D. where
6.It is said in Australia there is more land than the
government knows
.
A.it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
高考链接
2015高考
21. _____the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A.Catching
B.Caught
C.To catch
D.Catch
2015模拟
海淀一模
29. Mike will become the first person in his family ______ college education.
A. finished
B. having finished
C. finishing
D. to finish
朝阳一模
22. In order to keep fit, the old man makes it a rule _____ for
a walk after supper
every day.
A. going
B. to go
C. go
D. gone
西城一模
26．My granny does crossword puzzles each day ______ her mind sharp．A．to keep B．kept C．having kept D．to be kept 东城一模
33．—Good news ! There's a supermarket in this area next month!
—Cool! It will be convenient for us when it's open
A．building B．built C．having built D．to be built
海淀二模
28. —Why do you want to go to the States? —____ , sir.
A. To travel
B. Travelling
C. Travelled
D. Travel
西城二模
22. Working as a manager, Rebecca found it hard ______ between work and her family.
A. balancing
B. to balance
C. to have balanced
D. having balanced
朝阳二模
22. _____ the trip from Alaska to Argentina by bike, Gregg and Brooks worked and
saved money for years.
A. To pay for
B. Paying for
C. Paid for
D. Pay for
东城二模
23. Sparing no thought for her own safety, she dived into the river ______ the child.
A. saving
B. being saved
C. to save
D. to be saved 2016年高三期末
海淀区
32. When someone turns away his body, it means impatience and a desire ____ a conversation.
A. to escape
B. escaped
C. escaping
D. having escaped
西城区
21. Liz decided to hang a few pictures on the wall _______ the room.
A. decorated
B. decorating
C. to decorate
D. decorate。