【导学案】外研版Module5 A Lesson in a Lab

Module5 A Lesson in a Lab
Period 1 Introduction, Reading and vocabulary
〖课程学习目标〗学习自主化
1. Grasp the important words, phrases and sentence structures in this period.
2. Understand the details of the passage A & B.
3. Retell the text using the key words.
4. Learn to describe a simple scientific experiment.
5.Improve the students’ ability of reading comprehension.
〖课程导学建议〗导学规范化
1. Teaching objectives:
1)Learn some new words and phrases about science
2) Learn some knowledge about science
3)To improve S s’ reading skill
4)Learn to write a science report
2. Learning ability goals
Help students to learn about the key words & phrases of the subjects which they learned. Enable students to learn about the topics about scientific experiments in a lab.
3. Teaching important points
1).Enable students to master the vocabulary and phrases.
2). Train the students’ reading ability
4. Teaching difficult points
1).Enable the Ss to write a report on a scientific experiment.
2).Learn to use the new words and expressions in this part.
5. Teaching methods
1.) Fast reading to get a general idea of the text.
2.) Careful reading to get the detailed information.
3.) Asking-and-Answering to help the students understand the text.
4.) Pair or group work to make every student work in class.
6. Teaching aids
a computer, a projector and a tape recorder.
some test tubes,nails,Bunsen burner,balance,tongs
第一层级学习目标：知识记忆与理解
【知识梳理】
1.When we use metals, _________________________different
substances, for example, water and oxygen.
使用金属时,要了解金属和不同的物质,例如,水和氧气,如何发生反
应,这一点很重要。

2___________________ with the metals that react most at the top,
and the metals that react least at the bottom.
这里有一个表格。

金属反应强的在上面,弱的在底部。

自我校对
重点单词：1.expand; expansion 2. contract 3. mixture; mix 4. electricity; electrical 5. stage 6. conclusion 7.aim 8. reaction; react 9. equipment
重点短语：l. out 2. make 3. to 4. out of 5. about
重点句型：1 it is important to know how they react with 2. Here is a table
【自主预习】不看不讲
【课堂预习交流】
Ⅰ.Preview the new words according to the following pictures
test tube tube holder Bunsen burner
tongs balance crucible
Ⅱ. Discuss the following questions in pairs.
1.Without metals, what would our world be like?
2.Can you list some usages of the metals? For example? ( steel? iron?)
3.When we use metals, it is important to know how they react with different substances.
Do you know how they react?
The answers are free.
【课堂预习导学】问题层次化
Ⅰ. Make the students read the passage individually and then discuss in pairs or groups.Make sure that they can learn the new words and understand the meaning of the passage.
Ⅱ. Encourage the Ss to give the main idea of the passage and the topic sentences of each paragraph. Ⅲ. Encourage the students to talk about science subjects and experiments.
第二层级学习目标：技能应用与拓展
〖阅读策略突破〗技能系统化·系统个性化
Passage A
Ⅰ. Fast reading
1. Read the Passage A quickly and find the best title.
Keys: The Reaction of Metals is the best title.
2.This passage is about an experiment. Read and answer.
1).What is the correct order of a scientific experiment?
2).What are the different uses of metals?
3).What should we know when we use metals?
4).Which reacts most with water, potassium or iron?
Keys:
2).Different metals have different uses, for example, steel is used in cars and iron is used in
electrical equipment.
3).When we use metals,it is important to know how they react with different substances.
4).Potassium.
Ⅱ. Careful reading
1. Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.The first sentence “It is hard to think of a world without metals.” will make us think ______.
A. metals make up the world
B. metals play a greatly important role in the world
C. there would be no world if there were no metals
D. it is difficult for us to live in the world of metals
2.The table in the passage is arranged in order of ______.
A. metal kinds
B. reaction activity
C. values of metal
D. the first letter of the words
3.An oxide is ______.
A. a new kind of metals
B. a kind of gases
C. a product of reaction
D. a factor of chemical reaction
4.The main idea of this passage is about ______.
A. various uses of metals
B. the importance of metals
C. the reaction of metals
D. how to tell metals apart
5.According to the table, which metal is most suitable to make our daily kitchenware?
A. Zinc.
B. Iron.
C. Copper.
D. Magnesium.
Keys: 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C
Passage B
Ⅰ. Fast reading
Read the Passage B quickly and find the answers to the questions.
1.What’s the aim of the experiment?
2.What equipment do we need in order to do the experiment?
3.How long does it take to see whether iron rusts in the three cases?
4.How can we take the air out of water?
5.How can oil prevent air entering water?
Keys:
1.It is to find if iron rusts in dry air, in air－free water or in ordinary water.
2.We need some test tubes, test tube holder, cotton wool, oil and Bunsen burner.
3. A week.
4.We can take air out of water by boiling it.
5.Because oil is lighter than water, it stays on the surface of water.
Ⅱ. Careful reading
1. Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Which is NOT the apparatus that is required in the experiment of “Iron in dry air”?
A. Cotton wool.
B. Oil.
C. Iron nails.
D. Test tube holder.
2.Which is required as one of the apparatus in the experiment of “Iron in ordinary water”?
A. Oil.
B. Cotton.
C. Bunsen burner.
D. Test tube holder.
3.The purpose of this experiment is ______.
A. to find out how iron reacts with water and air
B. to find out how important iron is
C. to find out how to do the experiment of iron’s reaction with water and air
D. to find out how to keep iron restless
Keys: 1.B 2.D 3.D
2.Now reread the passage carefully to further understand it. Then work in pairs to fill in the
blanks on Page 45.
Keys:
Ⅲ. Post reading
Discussion.
1.Do you like doing scientific experiments?
2.What should you pay attention to when you are carrying out an experiment in a lab?
〖重点难点探究〗技能系统化·系统个性化
重点单词
【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意expand的意思及用法。

Metals expand when they are heated. 金属受热则膨胀。

最近几年，我国的对外贸易已有极大发展。

【自我归纳】
通过观察以上句子我们发现expand是____1_____词，意思是____2__ ；
答案：1.动词，2.膨胀；扩展
【思维拓展】
［派］expansion n.扩大,扩展,膨胀
［反］contract 缩小
【即学即练】
1.完成句子
He was trying to _____________________.他(当时)正在努力扩展自己的事业。

答案：expand his business
2.（2011届东北师大附中高一质量检测）Finally, reading will and must broaden my sympathies,______ my love for others and set it in action.
A. open
B. expand
C. break
D. share
答案与解析: B expand my love在这里是“扩大我的爱”。

D项有一定干扰性,share构成share sth. with sb.的句型。

句意:最后,读书将会并且一定扩大我的同情心,拓展了对别人的爱并付诸行动
中。

【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意contract的意思及用法。

1.Metals contract when cooled.金属冷却时收缩。

2.
你应该先仔细研究这些文件，然后再签订合同。

3.Our business has contracted a lot recently.我们的生意近来大为减少
【自我归纳】
通过观察以上句子我们发现contract在句子1，3中是____1_____词，意思是____2__ ；在句子2中是_______3__________词，意思是______4_____________。

答案：1.动词 2.收缩，减少 3.名词 4.合同
【思维拓展】
contract vi. 收缩vt.与……签订合同n.合同；契约
【即学即练】
1.完成句子
_____________________ them to do the repairs, 我们和他们订有维修合同，现在不能撤销。

答案：Having contracted with them
2.（2010届北京海淀区高一质量检测）（1）We are worried as our business has _______ a lot
A. increased
B.
C. contracted
D.
答案与解析:C从句子的意思分析，能够使我们“担忧”的应该是生意的减少而不应该是增加。

（2）Do you know metal _______
A. reduces
B.
C. contracts
D.
答案与解析: C:本句话的意思为“你知道金属遇冷收缩吗？
【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意equipment的意思及用法。

把这个新医院的设备配齐要花一年时间。

The store sells tents and ot
这家商店出售帐篷和其他野营用具。

【自我归纳】
通过观察以上句子我们发现equipment是____1_____词，意思是____2__ ；
答案：1.名词，2.设备；装备
【思维拓展】
equipment是不可数名词,常有some, much, a lot of修饰。

equip vt.配备；装备
be well equipped 装备精良
equip sb. for sth. 使某人有能力做……
equip sth. with sth. 用……装备……
【即学即练】
1.完成句子
The room ___________________ air conditioning. 这个房间装有空调设备。

答案：is equipped with
2.（2011届东北师大附中高一质量检测）Our school has been equipped with a lot of new______________.
A. equipment
B. equipments
C. facility
D. mending
答案与解析：A equipment意为“装备，设备”时，为不可数名词，无复数形式。

若选C项，应改为facilities; mending 不合题意。

【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意react的意思及用法。

—
你妈妈对这个消息的反应如何？
Applause reacts upon a speaker.
鼓掌对演讲人会有影响。

许多化学物质与氧发生反应。

【自我归纳】
通过观察以上句子我们发现react是____1_____词，意思是____2__ ；
答案：1.动词，2.反应
【思维拓展】
react with 与……进行反应
react to 对……产生反应
react against 与……排斥；反抗……
react on/upon 起作用于……
【即学即练】
1.完成句子
Children tend to _________________ by going against their wishes.孩子们倾向于通过违背父
母的愿望来反抗父母。

答案：react against their parents
2.（2011届太原外国语学校高一质量检测）(1)The workers went on strike to _______ the price
A. react on
B.
C. react to
D.
答案与解析: D 短语react against的意思为“反抗”，符合语境的要求。

“工人进行罢工,反抗这一价格政策。

(2)Everyone fails now and then.
A. do
B.
C. act
D.
答案与解析: B句意为“每个人都会经常失败。

正是你对于失败的反应才使得生命有所不同”。

【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意form的意思及用法。

A cloud of smoke formed over the burning city.
在燃烧的城市上空形成了烟雾。

A plan began to form in his mind.
一个计划在他的头脑里形成了。

Group activities help to form a child’s character.
团体活动对儿童的性格形成有帮助。

【自我归纳】
通过观察以上句子我们发现form是____1_____词，意思是____2__ ；
答案：1.动词，2.形成；组成；组织
【思维拓展】
form the habit of 养成……的习惯
in the form of 以……的形式
be in form 处于良好的竞技状态
be out of form 处于不良的竞技状态
【即学即练】
完成句子
1.He has ____________________ getting up early.他已经养成了早起的习惯。

2. Clouds ___________________on the top of the hill. 山顶上形成了云。

答案: 1.formed the habit of 2. are forming
【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意ordinary的意思及用法。

我想这部电影是相当普通的。

我的父亲是一个普通的农民。

【自我归纳】
通过观察以上句子我们发现ordinary是____1_____词，意思是____2__ ；
答案：1.形容词，2.普通的，平常的
【思维拓展】
ordinary/common/usual/normal的区别:
ordinary侧重于“平常,平凡,无独特之处”,
common侧重于“普遍的,共同的”,指因很多人或事物共同拥有,比较常见的东西、品质等. usual侧重于“通常的；常有的；习惯性的” 。

normal侧重于“正常的，合乎标准的”，强调在正常情况下应有的。

【即学即练】
1.选词填空
(1)The flower is
(2)I came into the library and s
(4)In the _______way he would have come with us, but he’s not feeling well.
答案:
(1)common(2)usual(3)usual
(4)ordinary(5)common(6)ordinary
2.（河北衡水一中2011届高一质量检测）We were dressed up for the party but she was still in her _______________ clothes.
A. common
B. ordinary
C. usual
D. normal
答案与解析：B 句意：我们都盛装赴会，而她依然穿着平常的衣服。

根据ordinary侧重于“平常,平凡,无独特之处”, common侧重于“普遍的,共同的”,指因很多人或事物共同拥有,比较常见的东西、品质等. usual侧重于“通常的；常有的；习惯性的” 。

normal侧重于“正常的，合乎标准的”，强调在正常情况下应有的。

应选B.
重点短语
【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意keep out of的意思及用法。

在我离开时我希望你不要惹麻烦。

把窗子关上，不要让寒气进来。

【自我归纳】
keep out of意思是______ 。

答案：把……挡在外面
【思维拓展】
keep ...out of...后面要使用表示地点的名词；如果不明确说明进入的地点，则用keep out。

keep 构成的短语：
keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事keep away from 不接近,离开
keep back 阻止,抑制,隐瞒keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
keep in touch with 与……保持联系保持,维持,继续下去
keep up with 跟上,不落后keep off 不进入
【即学即练】
1. 完成句子
______________ the dog _________________the room. 不要让狗进入房间。

答案：Keep out of
2. (山东沂水一中2011届高一12月月考)(1)When you come to the fence, you can see a notice
A. putting up;
B. put up;
C. putting up;
D. put on;
答案与解析:B注意notice和put up之间存在着逻辑动宾的关系，故此处用过去分词作定语表示被动。

keep off表示“不进入，不靠近”的意思。

keep out后跟宾语时要和of连用。

（2）
A. smoking
B.
C. to smoke
D.
答案与解析:B短语keep sb. from doing sth.“不让某人做某事”；keep sb. doing sth.“让某人一直做某事”。

【寓词于境】
阅读下列句子，注意add……to的意思及用法。

If you add three to seven, you get ten.
3加7等于10。

这条消息增加了他的快乐。

成本总计达到1000万元。

【自我归纳】
add……to意思是___________________
答案：加;加起来;添加;补充说
【思维拓展】
add A to B 把A 加到B 上 add sth./that 补充说
add to 增加add up 合计
adds up to 总计达到（某个数字）
【即学即练】
1.完成句子
“I always trust you,” he______________.“我总是信任你,”他补充说。

答案：added
2. We had run out of our money at the end of our journey; and the bad weather _______our
A. added
B.
C. added up
D.
答案与解析：B句意:在旅途中,我们用光了钱,糟糕的天气增加了我们困难。

“增加”；add up “合计”；“总计达到（某个数字）”
重点句式
1.It is hard to think of a world without metals.很难想像一个没有金属的世界。

【名师点拨】
It是形式主语,真正的主语是to think of..., without metals是表示条件的一个介词短语,作后置定
语修饰world。

【仿写】
1). 毫不费力地做好这项工作是不可能的。

______________________________________________.
2).对我们来说掌握一门外语非常重要。

______________________________________________.
答案:1).It is impossible to do the work well without difficulty.
2).It’s important for us to master a foreign languages.
【思维拓展】
It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.该句式中常见的这类形容词有：easy，important，difficult，hard，
possible，impossible，necessary等。

It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.该句式中的这类形容词表达不定式的逻辑主语的品行、性格、或性质。

常见的形容词有：kind，nice，good，nice，honest，careful，careless，clever，wise，stupid，foolish，rude，polite，impolite等。

【即学即练】
Ⅰ.完成句子
__________________________so many mistakes in this exam.在这次考试中你出了这么多错真是太粗心了。

答案: It ’s careless of you to make
Ⅱ.单项填空
（2011届辽宁抚顺一中12月月考）__________ is not necessary for you to have told her about the bad news.
A. There
B. It
C. That
D. This
答案与解析：B 考查句式It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.的结构。

2.Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the bottom.这里有一个表格。

金属反应强的在上面,弱的在底部。

【名师点拨】
Here is...是一个完全倒装结构。

用来引出想介绍的内容；with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the bottom.是一个with+名词+介词短语作补足语的独立主格结构,作后置定语；that react most和that react least是两个定语从句各自修饰metals。

【仿写】
1）_______________________when we had to be at the mercy of the weather.我们靠天吃饭的日子一去不复返了。

2）_______________________, a simple but great scientist.这就是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，一位简朴而又伟大的科学家。

答案：1）Gone are the days 2）Such was Albert Einstein
【思维拓展】
在以there，here，down，now，then等开头的句子中，为了使情景生动，往往把状语放在主语前面，引起倒装；但当主语是代词时，不倒装。

【即学即练】
Ⅰ.完成句子
___________________________for break.休息铃响了
答案：There goes the bell
Ⅱ.单项填空
There ___________ a tall pine tree at the top of the hill.
A. stand
B. stands
C. is standing
D. does stand
答案与解析：B 本句为倒装句，正常语序是A tall pine tree at the top of the hill stands there. 【课程目标导学】技能系统化·系统个性化
1. Encourage students to describe a scientific experiment.
2. Enable students to sum up the main idea of the scientific experiment .
3. Enable students to understand the details of the text.
4. Enable students to grasp the important words, phrases and sentence structures in this period.
〖课程达标检测〗
Complete the following paragraph according to the text.(根据课文内容填空。

)
It is hard to think of a world without ____1____.Different metals have different ____2____.When we use metals, it is ___3_____ to know how they ___4_____ with different ____5____.The reaction of metals with water and oxygen can be put in__6_____. From the ____7____,we can find potassium react the ___8_____ with oxygen and water while __9______ doesn’t react with water.When we __10______ calcium in oxygen, it burns to ___11_____ an
oxide.
There is a simple scientific___12_____ about iron. Iron doesn’t rust in dry ___13_____ and___14_____ water, but rusts in___15_____ water.
答案1.metals; es; 3.important; 4.react; 5.substances; 6.order; 7.table; 8.most; 9.copper; 10.burn;
11.form; 12.experiment; 13.air; 14.air-free; 15.ordinary
第三层级学习目标：思维探究与创新
（《金太阳导学测评》）
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.（河北邯郸地区2011届高一统考）We take in nutrients in the __________ of bread , water , meat and so on every day .
A. face
B. place
C. form
D. way
答案与解析：C 句意：我们每天以面包、水、肉等方式吸收营养。

“以……方式”用in the form of 表示。

in the face of 面对；in the place of 代替……的位置；in the way of 关于，就……而
言。

2.（2011东北师大附中高一12月月考）He ___________ his father’s influence by run ning away .
A. reacted to
B. reacted with
C. reacted by
D. reacted against
答案与解析：D react to “对……作出反应”；react with “与……反应”；react against“反抗”。

句意：他为了反抗父亲的影响跑掉了。

3. Isn’t __________ rude ___________ him to talk to his mother like that ?
A. that ; for
B. that ; of
C. it ; for
D. it ; of
答案与解析：D 考查句型It is + adj. + of sb. To do sth . 此句式中，形容词rude既指行为的性质，又指行为人的特点。

4. Parents should ___________ their small children _________ rivers .
A. keep ; away
B. keep ; away from
C. keep ; off
D. keep ; out
答案与解析：B keep …away from“使……远离”；keep off “（可分开）使……离开，从……离开”；keep out “（可以分开，常用of连用）不使……入内，把……留在外面”。

句意：家长应该让孩子远离河流。

5.Add some oil __________ the water . This will ___________ air out of the water .
A. to ; make
B. to ; keep
C. with ; keep
D. in ; get
答案与解析：B句意：往水中加些油，这样就可以把空气挡在水外。

add …to “把……加入”；keep …out of “不让……进入”。

6.（2011届河北廊坊一中高一月考）Hearing that I had won the first prize in the English competition , I felt a ___________ of excitement and surprise .
A. mixture
B. connection
C. increase
D. sign
答案与解析：A 句意：得知我在英语竞赛中得了第一名，我觉得又兴奋又惊奇。

此句要用mixture表示“混合”；connection联系；increase增加；sign迹象，标志。

7. All the things in the room were _________ , but she quickly _________ them ________ .
A. in order ; put ; in order
B. on order ; place ; in order
C. out of order ; put ; in order
D. by order ; place ; in order
答案与解析：C句意：房间里东西乱七八糟，但她很快就摆放得有条理了。

o ut of order “秩序混乱”；put …in order “使……有条理”。

8. （北京海淀区2011高一月考）There have been several new events __________ the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games .
A. added up
B. to add to
C. adding up to
D. added to
答案与解析：D 句意：在北京2008奥运会中又增加了一些新的项目。

event 与add 为动宾关系应用过去分词表被动，排除B、D；而“把……加到”应用add…to 。

9. Just in front of our house _________ with a history of 1,000 years .
A. does a tall tree stand
B. stands a tall tree
C. a tall tree is standing
D. a tall tree stands
答案与解析：B 本句为倒装句，正常语序为A tall tree with a history of 1,000 years stands just in front of our house .
10. We need to consider what _________ we will be using for language training .
A. abilities
B. equipments
C. facilities
D. qualities
答案与解析：C 根据句意可知，进行语言训练，就需要有设施或设备。

abilities能力；equipment 设备（不能用作复数）；facilities设备，设施；qualities质量，答案为C。

第四层级学习目标：情感体验与感悟
预习评价·探究评价·拓展评价
【注】三个学习过程四个方面的评价视各人情况选择打“√”即可，由学习小组长完成。

错题反馈个人独立完成。

“小组评议”
“老师评价”“自我反馈”个人根据自我课堂表现填写。

Period 2 Grammar
【课程学习目标】学习自主化 1. Learn the Degrees of Comparison.
【课程导学建议】导学规范化 1.Learning ability goals
Help students to do some practice about the
Degrees of Comparison as much as possible to make the students use it correctly and freely.
Enable students to understand the usage of the Degrees of Comparison
Study how to use the Degrees of Comparison.
2. Teaching important points Grammar: the Degrees of Comparison.
3.Teaching difficult Point
How to use this kind of Grammar: Degrees of Comparison.
Master the grammar: Degrees of Comparisons 1 2.
4.Teaching methods
Finding & Deducting.
5.Teaching Aids
the multimedia & the blackboard
第一层级学习目标：知识记忆与理解
【知识梳理】
【自主预习】不看不讲
【课堂预习交流】知识问题化
Ⅰ.根据所给的中文完成英语句子。

1．Tom is _________ (年轻得多) than Jack.
2．My model plane is _________ (还要轻) than yours.
3．His face became_________ (更红).
4．Their room is_________ (稍大点) than ours.
5．I spend _________ (多得多) time on English than on other subjects.
6．When spring comes，the city ________________(变得越来越漂亮)．
7．________________(越努力)you work，____________(越多)progress you'll make.
8．The weather here is ____________(比……冷得多)of Beijing.
9．You speak English ____________(和……一样流利)Tom.
10．She is ____________(不如……高)than he is.
11．The Mississippi River is ________________(比其他任何一条河长)in the United States. 12．Roy was ________________(与其说受了伤，倒不如说他受了惊吓)．
13．I have ____________(仅有)10 Yuan in my pocket. Would you please lend me some?
答案：1.much younger 2.still lighter 3.even redder 4.a little bigger 5.a lot more
6.is becoming more and more beautiful
7.The harder；the more
8.much colder than that
9.as fluently as10.less taller11.longer than any other river12.more frightened than hurt 13.no more than/only
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．This room is 4 meters wide.
This room is 4 meters ______ ______.
2．If you master more English words，you'll learn new words more easily.
______ ______English words you master，______ ______ ______ you'll learn new words. 3．His whole abroad experience added up to only one year.
His whole abroad experience added up to ______ ______ ______ one year.
4．She and her sister are both beautiful.
She is ______ ______ ______ than her sister.
5．The room is four times as big as that one.
The room is ______ ______ ______ ______ that one.
The room is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ that one.
答案：1.in width 2.The more；the more easily 3.no more than 4.no less beautiful
5.four times bigger than；four times the size of
【课堂预习导学】问题层次化
1.To make up some exercises to practice the usage of the Degrees of Comparison.
2.S h o w s o m e s e n t e n c e s a b o u t the Degrees of Comparison .to students.
3.To make the students finish all the exercises in the student’s book about grammar part.
第二层级学习目标：技能应用与拓展
【新知学习】不议不讲
【重点难点探究】
形容词和副词的比较等级
【经典例句】
观察下列句子，并注意其画线部分。

1.The earth is forty-nine times larger than the moon.
2.The earth is forty-nine times as large as the moon.
3.I think the Yangtze River is about three times longer than the Songhua River.
4.It’s getting brighter and brighter!
5.The closer you are, the more you’ll see.
【自我归纳】
通过观察，我们可以得出
1.比……大四十九倍。

forty-nine times作程度状语修饰比较级larger,构成___（_1）______________句式。

2.是……的四十九倍。

用________（2）______________________句式。

3.比松花江长三倍。

用___________（3）______________________句式。

4.越来越亮。

用_______________（4）________________________句式。

5.越近……就越多。

用__________（5）______________________句式。

答案：
（1）. “倍数+比较级+than”（2）. “倍数+ as+ adj.+ as”
（3）. 倍数+比较级+than （4）.两个比较级连用表示程度的增加
（5）. the+比较级,the+比较级表示“越……越……”
【名师点拨】
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法应注意以下具体问题：
1.表示倍数的三个句型
1）...times as+原级+as...
This table is 3 times as big as that one.
2）...times the+性质名词+of...
This table is 3 times the size of that one.
3）...times+比较级+than...
This table is 3 times bigger than that one.
2.表示对比的比较级
1）the more...the more...越……就越……。

如：
The harder you work，the greater progress you’ll make.
你越努力，进步就越大。

2）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……”。

如：
The city is becoming more and more beautiful.
3）一个人的两种性格的比较，用more...than结构。

如：
I think she is more shy than unfriendly.
3.同程度级的比较，用as...as，the same as，such...as引导。

Henry is as good a worker as Peter.
Henry is such a good worker as Peter is.
His name is the sam e as his father’s.
4.修饰比较级的修饰语常见的有：
1）rather，much，still，even，far，any（用于否定句或疑问句），a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit。

2）修饰最高级的有序数词by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not nearly，not quite，nothing
like。

5.注意no+比较级+than的特殊含义
(1）A is no more careful than B.A和B两人都不仔细。

(2）A is no less careful than B. A和B两人都很仔细。

(3）A is not more careful than B. A不如B仔细。

(4）A is not less careful than B. A的仔细程度并不弱于B。

(5）no more than=only只有，仅仅
(6）not more than=at most最多
(7）no less than=as much（many）as多达
(8）not less than=at least至少
(9）not...any more than或no more...than 表示“同……一样不”。

6.否定形式的比较级
否定+比较级=最高级。

如：
There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.
为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。

【即学即练】
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.The bridge being built now is________________________ across the Yellow River.
现在正在建造的桥是穿越长江最大的桥。

2.He has __________________________worrying day.
他过了最担心的一天。

3.The new building is _______________________________
这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。

is ______________________________Europe.
亚洲比欧洲大三倍。

5.Your school is _______________________________
你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

答案：1.by far the longest 2. never spent a more
3. four times the size(the height)of
4. four times as large as
5. three times bigger than
Ⅱ.单项选择
1．It is ______ to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people ______ after they are ill.
A．good；good B．well；better C．better；better D．better；good
2．I like this jacket better than that one，but it costs almost three times______.
A．as much B．as many C．so much D．so many
3．It looks like the weather is changing for ______.Shall we stick to our plan?
A．the worse B．worse C．the worst D．worst
4．In my view，London's not as expensive in price as Tokyo but Tokyo is ______ in traffic. A．the most organized B．more organized
C．so organized as D．as organized as
5．That night I felt especially lazy and went to bed ______ earlier than usual.
A．quite B．rather C．fairly D．so
6．What a table！I've never seen such a thing before. It is ______ it is long.
A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as
C．not half as wide as D．as wide as not half
答案与解析：
1.C分析句子结构可知，这是一个“It is＋adj.＋to do sth.”句型，第一个空格处应填一个形容词，再由rather than可知应用其比较级形式，排除A、B两项；根据第二个空格前后的语意对比可知，此处应填入与ill语意相对的形容词well(健康的)的比较级形式，也用better。

句意：“把钱花在通过促进人们健康地生活来预防疾病上要比把钱花在人们生病之后的治疗上好。

”2．A本题考查倍数的表达法，补全句子应是：...but it costs almost three times as much as that one。

钱的多少用much修饰，而不用many，故答案选A项。

3．A for the worse是固定搭配，“向着更糟的情况(变化)，更不好”。

4．B but前后的语意含有转折之意，根据语意应用比较级结构。

若选A项则比较范围不适合，两者之间比较不用最高级；若选C、D项，则比较对象不属于同一范畴，前面是一个城市名称，后面是一个介词短语，无法进行比较。

5．B句意是：“那天晚上我觉得特别懒散，睡觉的时候比通常早。

”四个备用选项中只有rather 修饰比较级。

6．C此题中的half是倍数，后面接as＋形容词原级＋as。

【课程目标导学】系统个性化
Encourage students to say some sentences about the Degrees of Comparison.
Help students to do some practice about the Degrees of Comparison.
Enable students to master the grammar in this module freely.
【课程达标检测】
Ⅰ．将下列句子翻译成英语
1．你的头疼好些了吗？
________________________________________________________________________
2．你不会想象到一个更好的假期。

________________________________________________________________________
3．这是两台电脑中较贵的那一台。

________________________________________________________________________
4．这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。

________________________________________________________________________
5．我认为与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。

________________________________________________________________________
6．这座新城市变得越来越漂亮。

________________________________________________________________________
7．不止一名学生能回答这个问题。

________________________________________________________________________
8．你待的时间越长越好。

________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1．Is your headache getting better?
2．You can't imagine a better holiday.
3．This is the more expensive one of the two computers.
4．The hall is six times larger than our classroom./The hall is six times as large as our classroom./The hall is six times the size of our classroom.
5．I think she's more shy than unfriendly.
6．The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.
7．More than one student can answer the question.
8．The longer you stay，the better(it will be)．
Ⅱ．句型转换
1. His English is fluent, so is Mary’s.→
Mary speaks English ___________ ____________ ___________ he.
2. If you know more about him, you’ll like him better.→
__________ ____________you know about him. ______________ __________ you’ll like him. 3. It is always warmer than yesterday as spring is coming.→
With spring coming, it is becoming_____________ __________ ______________.
4. Yao Ming plays best in his team.→
Yao Ming plays better than_________________ _____________ player in his team.
5.This building is twice higher than that one.→
This building is three times____________ ___________ ____________that one.
答案：
1.as fluently as
2.The more; the better
3.warmer and warmer
4.any other
5.as high as/the height of
第三层级学习目标：思维探究与创新
（《金太阳导学测评》）
【课程训练】不练不讲
Ⅰ.单项填空：
1．（陕西师大附中2011届高一12月月考）My uncle's house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is twice ______ expensive.
A．as B．so C．too D．very
2．（内蒙古包头一中2011届高一期末考试）Peter's jacket looked just the same as Jack's，but it cost______ his.
A．as much twice as B．twice as much as
C．much as twice as D．as twice much as
3．According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ______ a woman. A．than B．such C．so D．as
4．My hometown isn't a small town any longer，and it's ______ what it used to be.
A．twice the size than B．twice times the size as
C．twice the size as D．twice the size of
5．（绥芬河2011届高一质量检测）The house rent is expensive. I've got about half the space I had at home but I'm paying ______ here.
A．as three times much B．as much three times
C．much as three times D．three times as much
6．（2011届江西师大附中高一月考）—Bob's tape recorder is so wonderful.
—Mine is at least ______ good，if not ______.
A．as；better B．so；very good C．the same；the best D．so；better。