2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷2

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）
第1套
一.综合题(共25题)
1.单选题
Parents with only one child tend to have higher academic（）for their child.
问题1选项
A.ambitions
B.intentions
C.propositions
D.aspirations
【答案】A
【解析】名词词义辨析。

ambition “野心”；intention “目的”；proposition “提议”；aspiration “抱负”。

句意：只有一个孩子的父母对他们孩子的学业有更高的期望。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题
Doctors say that moderate drinking can have a beneficial （）on your health.
问题1选项
A.impact
B.generation
C.disposition
D.dependence
【答案】A
【解析】名词词义辨析。

impact “影响”;generation “一代，产生” ; disposition “性情，处置”;dependence “独立”。

句意：医生说适当喝酒对你的健康有有利影响。

选项A符合题意。

3.单选题
Competition, they believe, （）the national character than corrupt it.
问题1选项
A.enforces
B.confirms
C.intensifies
D.strengthens
【答案】D
【解析】考查近义动词词义辨析。

enforce “强迫，强制”，confirm “确定”，intensify“使变得更强烈”，strengthen“增强力量”。

句意：他们相信竞争能增强民族性，而不是使民族堕落。

选项D符合题意。

4.单选题
The teacher' role is not simply to（）knowledge to student; he should also set a good example for them.
问题1选项
A.provide
B.impart
C.share
D.stretch
【答案】B
【解析】动词词义解析。

provide “提供”；impart “传授，给予”；share“分享，分担”，stretch“伸展，消耗”。

句意：教师的责任不仅仅是给学生传授知识，也应该树立起一个好的榜样。

选项B符合题意。

5.单选题
Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new philoso¬phies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harm¬ful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values that we unquestionably accept are false. Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd； Brave New World ridicules the preten¬sions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspect before Cervantes, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley, and people were aware of famine before Swift. It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression, the satire method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are morally wholesome or ethically instructive. They are stimulating and refreshing because with commonsense briskness they brush away illusions and secondhand opin¬ions. With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles familiar objects into incongruous com¬bination, and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract platitude.
Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because the readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus, an irreverent reminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy. Sat¬ire serves to prod people into an
awareness of truth, though rarely to any action on behalf of truth. Satire tends to re¬mind people that much of what they see, hear, and read in popular media is hypocritical, sentimental, and only par¬tially true. Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image of it. Soldiers rarely hold the ideals that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity. Intelligent people know these things but lend lo forget them when they do not hear them expressed.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
2.Why does the author mention Don Quixote, Brave New World and A Modest proposal in the first paragraph?
3.Which of the following can be found in satiric literature?
4.According to the passage, there is a need for satire because people need to be（）
问题1选项
A.Difficulties of writing satiric literature.
B.Popular topics of satire.
C.New philosophies emerging from satiric literature.
D.Reasons for the popularity of satire.
问题2选项
A.They are famous examples of satiric literature.
B.They present commonsense solutions to problems.
C.They are appropriate for readers of all ages.
D.They are books with similar stories.
问题3选项
A.Newly emerging philosophies.
B.Odd combination of objects and ideas.
C.Abstract discussion of morals and ethics.
D.Wholesome characters who are unselfish.
问题4选项
rmed about new scientific development
B.exposed to original philosophies when they are formulated
C.reminded that popular ideas are often inaccurate
D.told how they can be of service to their communities
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:C
【解析】1.主旨题。

根据文章第一段，“presents the familiar in a new form”，可知首先讽刺作品以新的形式呈现熟悉的事物。

后面提到了“It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular…made them interesting and entertaining.”表达方法和讽刺技巧让讽刺文学流行，所以主要讲到了讽刺文学的流行原因。

选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。

根据文章第一段，作者用《堂吉诃德》、《奇妙的新世界》和《温和的建议》这三部小说举例子，这三部小说都是著名的讽刺小说，以独特的手法来呈现熟悉的事物，以此来论证自己的观点。

选项A符合题意。

3.细节理解题。

根据文章第一段最后一句，“With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles familiar objects into incongruous combination…”，可知讽刺文学中是将熟悉的事物不协调地组合在一起，并不是奇怪的事物的组合。

选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。

根据文章第二段，“remind people that much of what they see, hear, and read in popular media is hypocritical, sentimental, and only partially true.”。

提醒人们在媒体上看到的听到的并不完全是真实的。

选项C符合题意。

6.单选题
Opinion polls are now beginning to show that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to make ways of sharing the available employment more widely.
But we need to go further. We must ask some primary questions about the future of work. Would we continue to treat employment as the norm? Would we not rather encourage many other ways for self- respecting people to work? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighborhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centers of production and
work?
The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a daunting thought. But, in fact, it could provide the prospect of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people’s homes. Later, as transportation improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people’s work lost all connection with their home lives and the place in which they lived.
Meanwhile employment put women at a disadvantage. In pre-industrial time, men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community. Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered, as employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were excluded —a problem now, as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full time jobs.
1.Research carried out in the recent opinion polls shows that（）
2.The arrival of the industrial age in our historical evolution meant that（）
3.The effects of almost universal employment were overwhelming in that（）
4.The article concludes that（）
问题1选项
A.available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population.
B.new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures.
C.available employment must be more widely distributed among the unemployed.
D.the nowadays high unemployment figures are a truth of life.
问题2选项
A.universal employment virtually guaranteed prosperity.
B.e conomic freedom came within everyone’s control.
C.patterns of work were fundamentally changed.
D.people’s attitudes to work had to be reversed.
问题3选项
A.the household and village community disappeared completely.
B.men now traveled enormous distances to their places of work.
C.the work status of those not in paid employment suffered.
D.young and old people became superfluous components of society.
问题4选项
A.the creation of jobs for all is an impossibility.
B.our efforts and resources in terms of tackling unemployment are insufficient.
C.people should begin supporting themselves by learning a practical skill.
D.we should help those whose jobs are only part-time.
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:C
第3题:C
第4题:D
【解析】1.信息推断题。

根据文章第一段，高失业率确实是现在存在的一种社会现象，并且会持续下去。

所以选项中“a truth of life” 最符合题意，选项D最符合题意。

2.信息推断题。

根据文章第三段中“some of the changes in work patterns which it brought”，第四段中“he factory system destroyed the cottage industries”可以看出工业时代的到来推动了整个工业模式的变化。

选项C符合题意。

3.细节理解题。

根据文章倒数第二段。

所有人都受到了就业影响，其中也包括“those not in paid”，那些没有受雇的人，如学生和退休人员，故选项C符合题意。

4.细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段的最后一句中“without full time jobs”，可知选项D符合题意。

7.翻译题
Normal 0
7.8 磅 0
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false false false
EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE
世界与宇宙的本质是什么？这是中国哲学的基本问题。

春秋时期的思想家老子是第一个尝试进行阐释的中国哲学家，老子认为“道”乃宇宙及世界之源。

道无始终，“道”即“天”，“天”即“道”。

老子主张“道法自然”。

这个观点揭示了一个平凡但深刻的真理：天、地、人及世间的一切都有着自然的属性，人类作为自然的一部分应当遵循自然的法则，而不应无节制地向自然索取。

【答案】What is the essence of the world and universe? This is a basic problem in Chinese philosophy. Lao Tze of spring and autumn period attempted to explain Chinese philosophy firstly. He though that “Tao” is the source of our world or universe. “Tao” has no end or beginning. And the universe is Tao, and Tao is universe. Lao Tze advocated the theory of “the rule is consistent with nature”, which shows us a simple but profound truth: All things in the world, including universe, earth and human have natural attributes. As a part of nature, human beings shouldn’t ask the nature for resources immoderately and need to obey the nature’s rules.
8.单选题
As a （）actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.
问题1选项
A.flexible
B.versatile
C.sophisticated
D.productive
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

flexible “灵活的，柔韧的”；versatile “多才多艺的”；sophisticated “世故的”；productive “高产的”。

句意：作为一个多才多艺的演员，他会表演、唱歌、跳舞，而且会演奏很多种乐器。

选项B符合题意。

9.单选题
Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure（）. 问题1选项
A.than more on efficiency
B.and more efficiency
C.and more on efficiency
D.than efficiency
【答案】C
【解析】考查语法。

题目中emphasis和efficiency处于构成并列的关系。

句意：一些公司采用了弹性工作时间，更少地强调压力，更多地强调效率。

实际上为“more emphasis on efficiency”，选项C运用了省略的结构，选项C符合题意。

10.单选题
Maisie had always thought of herself as being shy and （）,and was surprised that anyone
should ask her opinion.
问题1选项
A.stuttering
B.scattering
C.inarticulate
D.inexpressive
【答案】C
【解析】形容词词义解析。

stuttering “ 口吃，结巴”；scattering “分散的”；inarticulate “不善于表达的”；inexpressive “无表情的，无意义的”。

句意：梅齐认为她是害羞而且不善表达的人，惊讶的是，竟然有人会问她的意见。

选项C符合题意。

11.单选题
He felt a great sense of （）after his success.
问题1选项
A.fulfillment
B.fortification
C.innovation
D.illumination
【答案】A
【解析】名词词义辨析。

fulfillment “履行，实行，满足”；fortification “防御工事”；innovation “创新”；illumination “阐明”。

句意：成功后他获得了一种满足感。

选项A符合题意。

12.单选题
The status of women in colonial North America has been well studied and described and can be briefly summarized. Throughout the colonial period there was a marked shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This favorable ratio enhanced women’s status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. The Puritans, the religious sect that dominated the early British colonies in North America, regarded idleness as a sin, and believed that life in an underdeveloped country made it absolutely necessary that each member of the community perform an economic function. Thus work for women, married or single, was not only approved, it was regarded as a civic duty. Puritan town councils expected widows and unattached women to be self-supporting and for a long time provided needy spinsters with parcels of land. There was no social sanction against married women working ； on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home. Needy children, girls as well as boys, were indentured or apprenticed and were expected to work for their keep.
The vast majority o£ women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partially that of shoes was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths, gunsmiths, upholsterers. They tan mills, plantations, tanyards, shipyards, and every kind of shop, tavern, and boardinghouse. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, sextons, journalists, printers, apothecaries, midwives, nurses, and teachers.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
2.It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritan were （）.
3.According to the passage, what did the Puritans expect from married women?
4.According to the passage, which products were made entirely by women?
问题1选项
A.Colonial marriages.
B.The Puritan religion.
C.Colonial women’s employment.
cation in the colonies.
问题2选项
B.hardworking
C.generous
D.wealthy
问题3选项
A.They should adopt needy children.
B.They should assist in their husbands’ trade or business.
C.They should work only within their own homes.
D.They should be apprenticed.
问题4选项
A.Gunpowder and bullets.
B.Cups and plates.
C.Cloth and clothing.
D.Paper and books
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:C
【解析】1.主旨题。

根据文章第一段，殖民时期因为女性人数很少，所以对她们的社会地位和就业产生了有利影响，女性可以有自己的职业选择。

所以文章主要是讨论女性的就业。

选项C符合题意。

2.推断题。

根据文章第一段，“The Puritans, the religious sect tha t dominated the early British colonies in North America, regarded idleness as a sin,”，他们认为懒惰是一种罪恶，可是清教徒是勤劳的。

选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。

根据文章第一段，“wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the ho me.” 丈夫期待妻子可以在他们的领域内帮助他们，并且可以从事额外的行业。

选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。

根据文章第二段，“The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and
13.单选题
A team of researchers（） the problem of diseases connected with contaminated milk.
问题1选项
A.address
B.interact
C.wonder
D.react
【答案】A
【解析】动词词义辨析。

address “处理” ;interact “相互作用” ;wonder “想知道”; react “反应”。

句意：一组研究人员把这种疾病和被污染的牛奶联系起来。

选项A符合题意。

14.单选题
The term nonverbal communication （）__ a number of categories: body language, vocal into-nations, physical objects, and space, among others.
问题1选项
A.embraces
B.classifies
C.constitutes
D.intervenes
“干涉” 。

句意：非语言交际一词包含很多类：肢体语言、语音语调、物理对象和空间。

选项A符合题意。

15.翻译题
There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfactions we get from a lifetime depend on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains. ’’ The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.
Happiness is never more than partial. There are no pure states of mankind. Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having not in being, but in becoming. What the Founding Fathers declared for us as an inherent right, we should do well to remember, was not happiness but the pursuit of happiness. What they might have underlined, could they have foreseen the happiness-market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the pursuit itself, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing, which is to say, in the idea of becoming.
【答案】只有我们承担生活中的种种困难，生活才会相应的充满快乐。

正如叶芝所言，除了那些不可能的事，我们从生活中得到的满足感取决于我们对待困境的态度。

罗伯特•弗罗斯特在谈到“吃苦的乐趣” 时也拥有同样的看法。

广告中有一种错误的宣传，致命的是它们宣称快乐是很容易获得的。

幸福从来都不是片面的。

人们没有纯粹的状态。

无论快乐是什么，不在于我们是否拥有它，是否存在，而在于是否可以成为一种快乐。

开国先驱曾将宣称这是我们与生俱来的权利，然而我们应该牢记，我们的权利不是幸福，而是对幸福的一种追求。

去追求人生究竟是什么，并且会给我们带来什么样的启迪，也就是追求快乐的过程。

16.单选题
The initial results of the experiment didn’t （）quite as expected, to their disappointment.
问题1选项
B.end up
C.bring about
D.turn out
【答案】D
【解析】动词短语。

take place “发生”;end up “结束”；bring about “引起”; turn out “结果是”。

句意：实验的初步结果并不是和他们预期的一样，这让他们感到沮丧。

选项D符合题意。

17.单选题
Donor fatigue and （）of the country’s poverty are now causing those hopes to wither.问题1选项
A.expenditure
B.extremity
C.wreckage
D.supremacy
【答案】B
【解析】名词词义辨析。

expenditure “支出”；extremity “极端”；wreckage “残骸”；supremacy “至高无上”。

句意：捐赠者的疲倦和这个国家的极端贫困导致希望越来越渺茫。

选项B符合题意。

18.单选题
High-grade written paper is frequently obtained from cotton rags.
问题1选项
B.written
C.frequently
D.obtained
【答案】B
【解析】根据题意，B选项应该用来修饰paper，意为“写字的纸”，所以应该改用writing paper。

句意：高级的用来写字的纸应该由棉布制成。

选项B符合题意。

19.单选题
The new range of products （） last autumn is already selling far better than is expected. 问题1选项
unched
B.marketed
C.prevailed
D.envisioned
【答案】A
【解析】动词词义辨析。

launch “上市”；market “销售”；prevail “盛行”；envision “想象”。

句意：去年秋天上市的新产品销量比预期要好。

选项A符合题意。

20.单选题
Stanley was（）by what I had said and when I realized this, I apologized to him for being so tactless.
问题1选项
A.wounded
B.frustrated
C.resented
D.offended
【答案】D
【解析】动词词义辨析。

Wound“伤害，使受伤”；frustrate“挫败，阻挠”；resent“怨恨，愤恨”；offend“冒犯”。

句意：斯坦利对我的话感到了被冒犯，当我意识到这一点，我为我的不得体向他道歉。

21.单选题
Most readers underestimate the amount of rewriting it usually takes to produce a spontaneous reading. This is a great disadvantage to the student writer, who sees only a finished product and never watches the craftsman who takes the necessary step back, studies the work carefully, returns to the task, steps back, returns, steps back, again and again. Anthony Burgess, one of the most producti ve writers in the English speaking countries, admits, “I might revise a page twenty times.” Ronald Dahl, the popular children’s writer, states, By the time I’m nearing the end of a story, the first part will have been reread and changed and corrected at least 150 times... Good writing is essentially re-writing. I am positive of this. ’’ Rewriting isn’t something that ought to be done. It is simply something that most writers find they have to do to discover what they have to say and how to say it. It is a condition of the writer’s life.
There are，however，a few writers who do little formal rewriting，primarily because they have the capacity and experience to create and review a large number of invisible drafts in their minds before they approach the page. And some writers slowly produce finished pages, performing all the tasks of revision，page by page. But it is still possible to see the sequence followed by most writers most of the time in rereading their own work.
Most writers can scan their draft first，reading as quickly as possible to catch the larger problems of subject and form, then move in closer and closer as they read and write, reread and rewrite.
1.What does the student writer fail to do?
2.What do we know about Anthony Burgess?
3.Why do some writers do little formal rewriting?
4.What do most writers have in common?
问题1选项
A.To have enough time to devote to writing.
B.To find his disadvantage in writing.
C.To see his works complete.
D.To observe other writers rewrite.
问题2选项
A.He is the first person to find the disadvantage of the student writer.
B.He is a craftsman who always regrets what he has done and therefore redoes it.
C.He has published many literary works.
D.He enjoys writing on the same page many times.
问题3选项
A.Because they can do the mental rewriting.
B.Because they are not positive of what they have to say or how to say it.
C.Because they believe rewriting is not worthwhile.
D.Because they have to find their pages first before they write.
问题4选项
A.Spending a great deal of time plotting and drafting.
B.Performing all the tasks of revision at once.
C.Spending most of their time reading other’s works.
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:A
第4题:D
【解析】1.细节理解题。

根据文章第一段第二句，学生们只注重成品，而不会去回过头进行修改，不会后退去做更多的研究工作，作者认为这是学生作者的缺陷。

选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。

根据第一段对Anthony Burgess的介绍, “…one of the most productive writers in the English speaking countries, admits, I might revise a page twenty times.”，可以看出他说英语的国家中是一为多产的作家，而且很注重作品的修改细节。

选项A符合题意。

3.细节理解题。

根据第二段，“ primarily because they have the capacity and experience to create and review a large number of invisible drafts in their minds before they approach the page.”，主要是因为这些作家有能力和经验在写作之前，在脑海中完成草稿的创作和审查。

选项A符合题意。

4.主旨题。

根据文章最后一段，大部分作家首先会扫描自己的作品，以最快的速度阅读，检查出形式和主题方面的问题，然后通过不停地重读和重写进行修改，使其更加完美。

选项D符合题意。

22.单选题
Always since the creation of celluloid, plastics have been found to have a multitude of industrial and com mercial uses.
问题1选项
A.Always
B.plastics
C.to have
D.a multitude of
【答案】A
【解析】根据题意，A选项句首应该为ever since“自从”，句意：自从发明了电影胶片，人们发现塑料有很多商业和工业的用途。

选项A符合题意。

23.单选题
Many people dread going on foreign assignments 一sometimes even before they’ve gone on one. They hear stories about how exhausting and disorienting business travel can be. They worry about getting sick, getting lonely, or getting killed. They’re afraid they won’t be liked or that they won’t succeed. But the fact is that for many people a foreign assignment can be the opportunity and thrill of a lifetime.
The Wall Street Journal reports the story of John Aliberti, who had spent his career working to become a midlevel manager for Union Switch in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Aliberti seemed like an odd choice for an overseas assignment: He had no experience in international travel and business. But when he was chosen to represent the company as technical expert and representative in China, Aliberti responded with enthusiasm: “Back home, the work we do, it’s been done for decades. In China you’re breaking new ground. It’s a milestone in the history of the world. ”
By viewing his China assignment as an exciting adventure, Aliberti largely bypassed the negative effects of culture shock. According to the Wall Street Journal, “The crowds and chaotic lines don’t faze him. He becomes animated telling stories of long train trips to out-of-the-way cities like Nanchang, where Union Switch is helping to build a railroad yard...”
Aliberti’s enthusiastic attitude and his active interest in learning about the culture and business practices in China have helped him become a central figu re in his company’s China operations. His job in Pittsburgh is two rungs below vice president. In China, according to his boss, “He acts like a president or CEO. That’s got to turn him on. ”
1.John Aliberti seemed Hke an odd choice for overseas assignment because（）.
2.“Aliberti largely bypassed the negative effects of culture shock.” “Bypass”（Para. 3） means
3.The following statements are correct about John Aliberti except（）.
4.The story of John Aliberti tells us that （）.
问题1选项
A.he is the most experienced member of the company
B.he has been to China many times
C.has been promoted to the top-level position of the company
D.he has little experience in traveling abroad
问题2选项
B.pass away
C.avoid
D.shortcut
问题3选项
A.he is good at selling his experience of traveling in China
B.he is troubled by the crowds and confused transportation in China
C.he is excited about traveling around China
D.he is breaking new ground for his company
问题4选项
A.culture shock is easy to deal with
B.many people dread going on business
C.the transportation of China is confused to foreigners
D.you can deal with culture shock well with an active interest in learning about the culture
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:C
第3题:B
第4题:D
【解析】1.细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第二句。

选项D符合题意。

2.词汇推断题。

根据第三段第一句，句意：阿利伯蒂把他在中国的任务看作是一次激动人心的冒险，在很大程度上避开了文化冲击的负面影响。

选项C符合题意。

3.推断题。

根据文章第二段最后一句，他想在中国开拓一个新的领域，这是一个里程碑。

但是B选项提及了他的负面情绪，与文章不符。

选项B符合题意。

4.推断题。

文章主要是选取了Aliberti 的例子说明了在国外工作和生活也是有趣的，应该积极地去享受。

所以鼓励大家去感受这样的文化冲击。

选项D符合题意。

24.单选题
If we accept that we cannot prevent science and technology from changing our world, we can at least try to（1 ）that the changes they make are in the right directions. In a democratic society, this means that the public needs to have a basic understanding of science（2 ）it can make informed decisions and not （3 ） them in the hands of experts. At the moment, the public has a rather ambivalent attitude（4 ） science. It has come to expect the steady increase in the standard of（5 ） that new developments in science and technology have brought to co ntinue, but it also distrusts science because it doesn’t understand it. This distrust is evident in the cartoon （6 ） of the mad scientist working in his laboratory to produce a Frankenstein. It is also an important （7 ） behind support for the Green parties. What can be done to（8 ）this interest and give the public the scientific background it needs to make informed decisions on subjects like acid rain, the greenhouse effect, nuclear weapons, and genetic engineering? Clearly, the basis must lie in what is taught in schools. But in schools science is often（9 ） in a dry and uninteresting manner. Children learn it by rote to pass examinations, and they don’t see its（10 ）to the world around them. Moreover, science is often taught in terms of equations. Although equations are a concise and accurate way of describing mathematics ideas, they frighten most people.
问题1选项
A.assess
B.discern
C.ensure
D.anticipate
问题2选项
A.because
B.so that
C.despite that
D.though
A.clutch
B.leave
C.fabricate
D.nurture
问题4选项
A.about
B.with
C.upon
D.toward
问题5选项
A.living
B.life
C.survival
D.lives
问题6选项
A.literature
B.person
C.art
D.figure
问题7选项
A.role
B.concept
C.element
D.index
问题8选项
A.constrain
B.harness
C.foster
D.extinguish
问题9选项
A.presented
B.conducted
C.portrayed
D.utilized
问题10选项
A.meaning
B.contribution
C.application
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:A
第6题:D
第7题:A
第8题:C
第9题:C
第10题:B
【解析】（1）名词词义辨析。

assess “评估”;discern “辨别”; ensure “确保”;anticipate “预期”。

句意：我们不能阻止科学和技术改变我们的世界，我们至少可以努力确保这些改变是正确的。

选项C符合题意。

（2）逻辑推理。

根据文意，在民主社会中，公民需要对科学有一个基本的了解，以便于他们可以自己做出明智的决定。

选项B符合题意。

（3）动词词义辨析。

clutch “抓住”;leave “留给”;fabricate “编造”;nurture “养育”。

句意：人们可以做出明智的决定，而不会把问题都留在专家手中。

选项B符合题意。

（4）短语搭配。

attitude towards “对……的态度”，选项D符合题意。

（5）短语搭配。

根据文意，人们想要提高生活水平，故“standard of living” 生活水平符合题意。

选项A符合题意。

（6）根据文意，人们对科学的不信任，体现在动画中塑造的那些科学家卡通人物，他们在实验室制造科学怪人。

选项D符合题意。

（7）名词词义辨析。

role “角色，任务”；concept “概念，想法” ；element “要素” ；index “指数”。

句意：这个在支持绿党中发挥着重要作用。

选项A符合题意。

（8）动词词义辨析。

constrain “强迫”；harness “利用”；f oster “ 培养”；extinguish “ 熄灭”。

句意：为了让公众们做出明智的决定，我们应该怎么做去培养他们的兴趣以及给他们提供科学背景呢？选项C符合题意。

（9）动词词义辨析。

present “提出”；conduct “指挥，管理”，portray “描绘” ；utilize “利用”。

句意：但是在学校，科学往往是以一种枯燥无味的方式描绘出来的。

选项C符合题意。

（10）名词词义辨析。

meaning “ 含义”；contribution “ 贡献”；application “应用”；relevan ce “相关性”根据文意，孩子们学习科学只是为了通过考试，不了解科学对他们周围的世界带来的好处。

选项B符合题意。

25.翻译题
As an ecological approach to Translation Studies, Eco-translatology views translation as an entire translational eco-system, and focuses on the relationship between the translator and this translational eco-environment. A translational eco-environment is construed as a highly integrated entity that comprises the actual text, the cultural context and the human。