黑龙江省大庆中学2018届高三上学期期中考试英语试题

黑龙江省大庆中学2018届高三上学期期中考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读选择
It was almost the worst birthday of Abraham Lincoln’s life.
On February 11, 1861 (the day before he turned fifty-two), Lincoln left for Washington to become the nation’s sixteenth President. As he left home in Springfield, Illinois, Lincoln handed his son Robert a black oilskin(油布) bag, and told him to keep it carefully. He did not tell Robert what was inside.
Unknown to his seventeen-year-old son, Lincoln had placed his newly written inaugural speech in the bag. It was to be the most important speech he ever made. And it was his only copy.
When the train arrived in Indianapolis----the first stop on the long journey---Lincoln rode off in a special carriage without his family. Robert walked from the station to the local hotel.
When Robert arrived at the hotel, he learned that his family’s rooms were not ready. So he asked that the bag should be held at the front desk. Then he went off to be with friends.
On his return, Robert found his father waiting anxiously. Where was the bag? Robert explained that he had checked it at the desk.
An angry Lincoln sped to the hall and leaped over the front desk. He began searching through a huge pile of luggage.
As puzzled guests looked on, Lincoln dragged from the pile a familiar-looking black bag and opened it, only to find someone else’s dirty clothes. It was the wrong bag. Back he went to the pile.
At last he found the valuable bag and the speech inside. Lincoln handed it to his son and said strictly, “Now you keep it!”
It was the one and only time, Robert said, that his father had ever lost his temper at him. But with his speech fond and his birthday yet to be celebrated, Abraham Lincoln grew cheerful. As Robert proudly recall ed, “Father did not scold(责骂).”
1．The underlined words “inaugural speech” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to a
speech_________.
A．made to a school
B．written by Lincoln’s secretary
C．to take office of President
D．to give at Indianapolis station
2．Lincoln gave his newly written inaugural speech to Robert in order to__________. A．have Robert make a copy of it
B．let Robert keep an eye on it
C．ask Robert to have a read
D．train the independence of Robert
3．Robert began to realize the importance of the bag when .
A．he found his father very anxious
B．his father handed the bag to him
C．his father returned the bag to him
D．he arrived at the Indianapolis station
4．From the text we can infer that Lincoln was .
A．warm-hearted
B．strong-willed
C．bad-tempered
D．readily-trusting
How Important Is Fashion?
Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.
People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that create blisters(水泡), tight body shapers that limit blood flow, and sticky false eyelashes(假睫毛). Men and women alike spend time and money on produces that change their natural hair color and use hot irons and blow dryers to curl or straighten their hair. Some people spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion important enough to spend so much time and effort on changing how you look like?
If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first.
People should prioritize(优先考虑)being healthy and positive. What people wear does not indicate anything about their personalities. Instead of going on strict diets and starving, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.
5．The author’s main purpose in writing the text is to .
A．show readers advantages and disadvantages of dieting
B．persuade readers to value health more than fashion
C．entertain readers to value health more than fashion
D．inform readers of the latest fashion trends
6．Which statement best represents the author’s viewpoint?
A．Fashion can make people do some unhealthy things.
B．Fashion increases famous people’s self-respect.
C．When you look good, you feel good.
D．People need to diet to lose weight.
7．Which of the following activities would the author most likely recommend? A．Shopping for bargain clothes.
B．Starting a new diet with a friend.
C．Going skating with friends.
D．Changing the hairstyle every week.
8．Why does the author include questions in the text?
A．To enrich the content.
B．To introduce a new topic.
C．To reflect different attitudes.
D．To make readers think and give their opinions.
Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said: “Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today —and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”
A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time, his constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.”
“Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?”
“Oh, sure.”
“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “That’s pretty creative. Who does that for you?”
“Nobody. I do it.”
“Really-at night, when you’re asleep?”
“Sure.”
“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”
9．The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ________.
A．know more about the students
B．make the lessons more exciting
C．raise the students’ interest in art
D．teach the students about toy design
10．What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．He liked to help his teacher. B．He preferred to study alone.
C．He was active in class. D．He was imaginative.
11．What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Mistake. B．Drawback.
C．Difficulty. D．Burden.
12．Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?
A．To help them to see their creativity.
B．To find out about their sleeping habits.
C．To help them to improve their memory.
D．To find out about their ways of thinking.
Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”
Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce peterson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.
BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.
13．Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?
A．To explain what they are.
B．To introduce BookCrossing.
C．To stress the importance of reading.
D．To encourage readers to share their ideas.
14．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2refer to?
A．The book.
B．An adventure.
C．A public place.
D．The identification number.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Online Reading: A Virtual Tour
B．Electronic Books: A new Trend
C．A Book Group Brings Tradition Back
D．A Website Links People through Books
二、七选五
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 16．
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 17．We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 18．Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
19．We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
20．It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
三、完形填空
One summer night, my friends and I stole into the Jordan’s backyard and started harvesting their sweet, juicy raspberries(树莓). We were enjoying every bite of the tasty berries
when 21 , Mr. Jordan came charging outside.
“What are you boys doing out here?” he shouted as my friends22 in all directions. He 23 to catch one or two as they rushed past him, but they were too 24 for the older gentleman to catch. Within seconds, the boys 25 into the dark of the summer evening. All except me.
However, speed was never my 26 . I took the tongue-lashing(痛骂)that Mr. Jordan gave me as he marched me down the block to my house, where my mother 27 and scolded me bitterly. My friends said they could 28 every colorful word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard, where they had gathered to celebrate their 29 and to observe my capture(捕获).
They teased me about it for days afterwards, 30 all I could do was complain about how 31 it was that I was the only one who had to pay the price. After about a week of this, I complained to my father about the inequity of the 32 . Dad said, “You took raspberries without 33 , and you get exactly the punishment you 34 .”
“But what about the guys?” I asked. “They didn’t get35 at all!”
“That’s not my36 , nor should it be yours,” Dad said. “You can’t37 what happens to others. You can 38 deal with what happens to you. You made a 39 choice that night, and you were punished for it.”
Through the years I come to 40 there is no guarantee that life will treat us fairly. That’s why we can’t get stuck in comparing our lives with the lives of others. Like Dad said, that isn’t our concern.
21．A．certainly B．naturally C．suddenly D．accidentally 22．A．ran off B．walked away C．set off D．showed up 23．A．attempted B．offered C．managed D．happened 24．A．clever B．quick C．brave D．far 25．A．stared B．came C．disappeared D．hid 26．A．strength B．choice C．requirement D．desire 27．A．calmed down B．moved off C．gave up D．took over 28．A．create B．hear C．understand D．pronounce 29．A．success B．holiday C．escape D．harvest 30．A．after B．while C．until D．unless 31．A．unfair B．harmful C．disappointing D．inconvenient
32．A．opportunity B．operation C．process D．situation 33．A．inviting B．thinking C．warning D．asking 34．A．expected B．deserved C．missed D．needed 35．A．informed B．paid C．punished D．hurt 36．A．concern B．problem C．challenge D．goal 37．A．predict B．accept C．explain D．control 38．A．ever B．only C．even D．still 39．A．wise B．difficult C．bad D．boring 40．A．prove B．imagine C．remember D．realize
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 41．a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 42．(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 43．(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 44．(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 45．result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 46．(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 47．(be) full of fat and salt; by 48．(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 49．(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 50．is not good for the health.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I’m angry to see some schoolmates throw away food in the school canteen, which make me very conce rned. As is we all know, there are still a lot of people who don’t have enough food to eat. Even many people are suffering from hungry every day. In addition, food is a kind of limiting resource. To save food can better preserve our resource and protect the environment.
However, it’s high time that we should say no to those waste food and realize the importance of saving food. Don’t order too many next time! When you are eating, you should eat up all your food, try your best to reduce the waste. Let’s join our hands together to build a economized campus!
六、提纲类作文
52．假定你是李华，得知外教Mr. Hall今年寒假不回国，想邀请他到你家过春节。

请给他写一封信，内容包括：
1.时间
2.一同过节的家人
3.活动
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________
____________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C
2．B
3．A
4．D
【分析】
本文主要讲了林肯总统在就职前，把重要的总统就职演说放在一个包里，让自己的儿子保管。

不明就里的儿子把包放在了宾馆前台，幸运的是，最终，林肯的包被找回来了。

1．词义猜测题。

由On February 11, 1861 (the day before he turned fifty-two), Lincoln left for Washington to become the nation’s sixteenth President.和It was to be the most important speech he ever made. And it was his only copy.可猜出“inaugural speech”可能指的是总统就职演讲，选C。

2．细节理解题。

由Lincoln handed his son Robert a black oilskin(油布) bag, and told him to keep it carefully.和Lincoln handed it to his son and said strictly, “Now you keep it!”可知林肯把新写的总统就职演说给罗伯特是为了让他照看它，选B。

3．推理判断题。

由On his return, Robert found his father waiting anxiously. Where was the bag? Robert explained that he had checked it at the desk.可知罗伯特发现自己的父亲非常焦急，他开始意识到这个包很重要，选A。

4．推理判断题。

林肯把那么重要的总统就职演说，让自己的儿子保管，可见林肯很容易相信别人，选D。

【名师点睛】
细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。

一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。

）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。

抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。

细节理解题。

由Lincoln handed his son Robert a black oilskin(油布) bag, and told him to keep it carefully.和Lincoln handed it to his son and said strictly, “Now you keep it!”可知林肯把新写的总统就职演说给罗伯特是为了让他照看它，选B。

5．B
6．A
7．C
8．D
【分析】
这篇文章主要讲了健康比时尚更重要。

5．写作意图题。

由全文主题句But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.可知这篇文章主要讲了健康比时尚更重要，选B。

6．推理判断题。

由People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that create
blisters(水泡), tight body shapers that limit blood flow, and sticky false eyelashes(假睫毛). Men and women alike spend time and money on produces that change their natural hair color and use hot irons and blow dryers to curl or straighten their hair.可推断出追求时尚，可令人们做一些不健康的事情，选A。

7．推理判断题。

由Instead of going on strict diets and starving, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise?可知作者最可能推荐的活动是和朋友一起滑冰，选C。

8．推理判断题。

在这篇文章中，作者通过提出问题的方式，让读者进行思考，然后作者再给出自己的观点，选D。

9．A
10．D
11．B
12．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。

本文主要讲了作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。

9．推理判断题。

由第二段A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.可知，当我把拼装式玩具放在学生面前的时候，有些学生犹豫着在等着看别人如何行动，有一些学生查看
了使用说明并根据模型做出了一些东西。

而另外一些学生则根据本人的想象力做出了一些东西。

通过观察，作者对每个学生有了更多的了解。

故选A。

10．推理判断题。

由第三段中Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.可知，这是一个非常有创造力的人在工作。

他的出现意味着我在课堂上有一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会感染其他学生。

所以这个男孩很有想象力和创造力，故选D。

11．词义猜测题。

由第四段I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.可知，我冒着失去那些有着不同思考方式的学生，可知这种方法也有弊端，所以“downside”意思是“弊端”，故选B。

12．推理判断题。

根据对话内容可知，作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。

作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们看到自己的创造性和想象力。

故选A。

13．B
14．A
15．D
【分析】
本文介绍了一个网站，这个网站通过书把人们联系到了一起。

13．细节理解题。

由They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.可知作者在第一自然段中提到book groups是为了介绍BookCrossing，选B。

14．细节理解题。

Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it. 这句话的意思是然后这个人把书留在公共场合，希望它有一次冒险，找到这本书的新的读者带着它到处走，“it”指的是这本书，选A。

15．主旨大意题。

由全文主题句Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”可知本文介绍了一个网站，这个网站通过书把人们联系到了一起，选D。

名师点睛：阅读理解题的主旨大意题往往是比较难的一种题型，例如本篇中的小题3，这类
题要求学生对文章的内容在理解的基础上，有一个整体的把握。

找主题句是一种非常有效的方法Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”就是这篇文章的主题句。

16．D
17．C
18．A
19．F
20．E
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。

作者讲述了自己近三年来逐渐改变了对野营的看法，从以前对野营活动嗤之以鼻，经过几次野营后慢慢喜欢上了野营，最后表达野营将逐渐成为人类回归自然的很好方式，建议人们找到属于自己的方式。

16．上文 They had nothing in common with me 说明作者原来认为他不会成为野营者．而下文主要描述的是"我"从最开始进行"rough travel"到有了"pop-up camper"再到有了trailer 的过程，在这过程中作者对野营的爱好逐步增加，对野营的相关知识也在逐步增长，上下文呈转折关系．D项意为"然而在那之后我将会学到关于野营的很多知识"，起到转折作用，引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为D。

17．由下文 We sleep in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom 可知，"我"的野营条件非常艰苦．C项意为"他们带我去的旅途非常艰苦"，引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为C。

18．由下文 Instead，we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner 可知，空格处是与下文形成转折的内容，而"我"此次旅行用了展开式营房．A 项意为"这一次没有帐篷"，与下文形成转折，符合语境．故正确答案为A。

19．由第三段第一句 going on another fun-filled holiday 可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意，而由下文 We have done a lot of it since 可知，"我们"都爱上了野营．F项意为"从这里旅行后，我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境．故正确答案为F。

20．由下文 sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature 可知，"
我"希望每个人都能找到回归自然，也就是野营的个性化选择．形成这一观点的前提是"我"自己已经爱上了野营．E项意为"我必须承认我已经开始享受野营了"，引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为E。

21．C
22．A
23．A
24．B
25．C
26．A
27．D
28．B
29．C
30．B
31．A
32．D
33．D
34．B
35．C
36．A
37．D
38．B
39．C
40．D
【分析】
本文讲了作者小时候和朋友们去偷邻居家的树莓，其他小伙伴都成功逃脱，只有自己被抓住，受到了惩罚。

作者的父亲告诉作者，无法保证生活对待我们每个人都是公平的，我们唯一能做的就是管好自己。

21．C 考查副词。

我们正在享受美味的树莓，就在那个时候，突然，乔丹先生从外面冲过来。

certainly 当然，naturally 自然地，suddenly 突然地，accidentally偶然地。

22．A 考查动词短语。

我的朋友们向四面八方逃跑。

ran off 逃跑，walked away 走开，set off 出发，showed up出现。

23．A 考查动词。

当他们从他旁边冲过的时候，他试图抓住一两个。

attempted 企图，offered 提供，managed 设法完成，happened发生。

24．B 考查形容词。

但是对于一位老人来说，他们速度太快了，以至于他抓不到他们。

clever 聪明的，quick 迅速的，brave 勇敢的，far远的。

25．C 考查动词。

几秒钟之内，男孩儿们就消失在盛夏夜晚的黑暗之中。

stared 注视，came 来，disappeared 消失，hid隐藏。

26．A考查名词。

然而，速度从不是我的强项。

strength 力量，choice选择，requirement 要求，desire渴望。

27．D 考查动词短语。

在那里我的母亲接收了我，并且严厉地责骂了我。

calmed down 平静下来，moved off 离开，gave up 放弃，took over接收。

28．B 考查动词。

由every colorful word she spoke from the darkness of our backyard, 可知我的朋友们听到了这些话。

create 创造，hear 听到，understand 理解，pronounce发音。

29．C 考查名词。

在那里他们庆祝自己成功逃跑，观察我被捕获。

success 成功，holiday 假日，escape 逃跑，harvest收获。

30．B 考查连词。

然而我能做的全部事情就是抱怨，只让我一个人赔钱真不公平。

after 在……之后，while 然而，until 直到，unless除非。

31．A 考查形容词。

然而我能做的全部事情就是抱怨，只让我一个人赔钱真不公平。

unfair 不公平的，harmful 有害的，disappointing 令人失望的，inconvenient不便的。

32．D 考查名词。

我向父亲抱怨，处境的不公平。

opportunity 机会，operation 手术，process 过程，situation处境。

33．D 考查动词。

你没有问就拿树莓，你正是得到了应有的惩罚。

inviting 邀请，thinking 思考，warning 警告，asking问。

34．B 考查动词。

你没有问就拿树莓，你正是得到了应有的惩罚。

expected 盼望，deserved 应得，missed 错过，needed需要。

35．C 考查动词。

他们根本没有受惩罚。

informed 通知，paid 支付，punished 惩罚，hurt 使受伤。

36．A 考查名词。

那不是我所关心的。

concern 关心，problem 问题，challenge 挑战，goal 目标。

37．D 考查动词。

你不能控制别人发生什么事情。

predict 预言，accept 接受，explain 解释，control控制。

38．B 考查副词。

你只能处理自己发生了什么事情。

ever 永远，only 仅仅，even 甚至，still仍然。

39．C由and you were punished for it. 可知那天晚上，你做了一个很坏的选择。

wise 聪明的，difficult困难的，bad 坏的，boring无聊的。

40．D 考查动词。

通过这些年，我意识到无法保证生活对待我们每个人都是公平的。

prove 证明，imagine 想象，remember 记得，realize意识到。

【名师点睛】
1.上下文对照，捕捉关键词。

解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。

所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。

因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。

2.结合生活，利用常识解题。

目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。

41．as
42．effects
43．to process
44．are removed
45．a
46．worse
47．is
48．eating
49．careful
50．which
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

短文介绍了最近，食品服务行业出现了降低脂肪含量和减少盐的趋势，这产生了一些意想不到的副作用。

文章告诉我们要保持健康，就不要走极端，要吃适量的盐和
含脂肪的食物。

41．考查介词。

句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。

as表示“作为，以…… 身份”，故填as。

42．考查名词的单复数。

分析语境可知，作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知，所以要用effect的复数形式。

故填effects。

43．考查不定式。

句意：他们被要求加工食物。

require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。

故填to process。

44．考查被动语态。

句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。

分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。

故填are removed。

45．考查固定短语。

句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。

固定短语as a result 表示“结果”。

故填a。

46．考查比较级。

句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。

even修饰比较级。

故填worse。

47．考查主谓一致。

句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。

fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。

故填is。

48．考查动名词。

句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。

by为介词，后接名词、动名词作宾语，故填eating。

49．考查形容词。

句意：然而，注意不要走极端。

分析语境可知，be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。

50．考查非限制性定语从句。

句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。

分析可知，___is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话，在定语从句中作主语。

所以用关系代词which。

故填which。

51．
【解析】
本文作者针对同学在食堂浪费食物这一问题，发表了自己的看法。

考查主谓一致。

which makes me very concerned. 是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指代整个主句内容，所以从句谓语动词用单数，make改成makes。

考查固定用法。

As we all know众所周知，是固定用法，所以去掉is。

考查固定用法。

suffer from忍受，遭受，是固定用法，介词from之后用名词，所以hungry 改成hunger。

考查形容词。

此外，食物是一种有限的资源。

limiting意思是限制的，limited意思是有限的，所以limiting改成limited。

考查名词单复数。

节省食物可以更好地保存我们的资源和保护环境。

“我们的资源”是复数意义，所以resource 改成resources。

因此，是时候我们向浪费食物的那些人说“不”了。

所以However改成Therefore。

考查定语从句。

who waste food是一个定语从句，修饰先行词those，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，所以those后加who。

考查固定用法。

too much“很多，非常多”用来修饰不可数名词，too many“很多，非常多”用来修饰可数名词，这里修饰food，所以many改成much。

考查非谓语动词。

try与其逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，try改成trying。

考查不定冠词。

economized首字母发音是元音，所以a改成an。

52．Dear Mr. Hall,
I’m writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Festival on January 19. It’s traditionally a time for family reunion, so my parents and my brother will all be there. We’ll make dumplings together and have a big dinner. We’ll also p lay card games and watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV. You may even get a gift from my parents. If you’re able to come, I’ll go and pick you up at your place.
Best wishes
Li Hua 【分析】
本文是一篇书信类作文。

要求给外教Mr. Hall写封信，邀请他到你家过春节。

【详解】
第一步：审题体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。

结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。

要求：
1. 介绍同学们的听说训练情况；
2. 希望提供更有效的学习方法;
3. 询问对方的意向。

第二步:列提纲
celebrate the Spring Festival，have a big dinner，make dumplings，able to come，pick up
第三步：连词成句1. I’m writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Festival on January19.
2. We’ll make dumplings together and have a big dinner.
3. We’ll also play card games and watch the Spring Festival Gala onTV.
4. If you’re able to come, I’ll go and pick you up at your place.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）
表因果关系：so
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】
[高分句型1]I’m writing to invite you to come to my home to celebrate the Spring Fe stival on January 19. 本句是典型的书信开头句，表达写信的目的。

[高分句型2]It’s traditionally a time for family reunion, so my parents and my brother will all be。