初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

被动语态
一、语态概述
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态.
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

如：Many people speak English。

谓语：speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……"的句式，如:“他的自行车被偷了.”，再如：English is spoken by many people。

主语English是动词speak的承受者.
判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？
He opened the door。

他开了门. (____________）
The door was opened。

门被开了。

（____________）
二、被动语态的构成：be动词+Vp。

p
被动特点强调宾，用be加上过去分。

行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引.
1。

English is ___________（speak)in Canada。

2. The blouse is ___________（make）of silk。

3。

English is ___________(speak）by many people。

谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。

动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。

1。

Some stamps were ___________（steal）last week。

2。

The PRC was ___________（found）on October 1，1949。

3。

Football is ___________（play）in most middle schools。

被动语态须留意，P。

P前面助动be。

be + P。

P
am（is，are)现在时，am（is,are)+P.P
was和were表过去。

was（were)+P.P
完成have（has）been。

have(has）been+P.P
将来，情态，be原形。

will（can，may，must）be+P。

P
进行时态两个be,前表时态后加ing。

am(is，are）+being+P。

P
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

凡是汉语中带“被"的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。

三．几种常用时态的被动语态——
1。

一般现在时: am/is/are+过去分词
肯定句：Bikes are ___________（sell)in that shop.
否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop。

疑问句：Are bikes sold in that shop？Yes，they are. / No, they aren't.
2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词
肯定句：He was ___________（save）in 1999。

否定句：He was not saved in 1999。

疑问句：Was he saved in 1999？Yes，he was。

/ No，he wasn't。

3。

一般将来时：shall/will/be going to + be+过去分词
肯定句：An English class will be ___________（give)by Jack tomorrow。

否定句:An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow。

疑问句:Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow?
4。

现在进行时：am/is/are + being+过去分词
肯定句：A car is being ___________(drive）now.
否定句：A car is not being driven now。

疑问句：Is a car being driven now？Yes，it is。

/ No，it isn't。

5。

现在完成时：have / has+ been+过去分词
肯定句：A road has been ___________(build）by the government。

否定句：A road hasn’t been built by the government。

疑问句：Has a road been built by the government？Yes, it has. / No，it hasn’t。

6。

情态动词:情态动词+be + P.P
1）This clock can be ___________（repair）here.
2)The trees may be ___________（plant)at other times of the year。

3）The composition must be ___________（hand）in after class.
4）The young trees should be ___________(plant)in spring。

四、被动语态的用法
（1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁.例如:
Some new computers were ___________(steal)last night。

一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

（不知道电脑是谁偷的）
This book was ___________（publish）in 1981。

这本书出版于1981年.
(2）强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者.例如：
The window was ___________（break）by Mike。

窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was ___________（write）by him. 这本书是他写的.
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed。

每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

五、主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）
（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。

（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：1。

All the people ___________（laugh)at him.
→He was ___________（laugh）at by all people.
2.They ___________（make)the bikes in the factory.
→The bikes are ___________(make）by them in the factory。

六、补充
一些宾补动词如make, see, hear等在主动语态中可以接动词原形（实为省略to 的动词不定式）作为宾语补足语的动词在变被动语态是一定要注意恢复to.如：He made me stand outside。

→I was made to stand outside（by him）.
I saw him play football。

→He was seen to play football（by him）.
专项练习
一、选择题
（）1。

_____ a new library _____ in our school last year?
A. Is；built B。

Was；built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
（）2。

An accident ____ on this road last week.
A。

has been happened B。

was happened C。

is happened D。

happened ( )3.Cotton（棉花) ____ in the southeast of China。

A. is grown B。

are grown C。

grows D。

grow
（ )4。

A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week。

A。

is given B。

has been given C. will be given D。

gives
（ )5.How many trees ____ this year？
A. are planted B。

will plant C。

have been planted D。

planted ( )6。

A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now。

A。

are doing B. are being done C。

has been done D。

will be done ( )7。

The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A。

knows B。

knew C. is known D。

was known
( )8。

The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B。

looked after C. were looked after D。

looked ( )9. He ___ some pieces of advice，but he ____ to them。

A。

gave，didn’t listen B。

was given，wasn't listened
C. give，wasn't listened D。

was given，didn’t listen
（) 10. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss B。

will discuss
C. is going to be discussed D。

has been discussed
（）11。

The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was built B。

was built C。

builds D. has been built
( )12。

A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years。

A. have set up B。

have been set up C。

were set up D. set up
（）13。

They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month。

A。

had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D。

have been finished
（)14。

Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown。

A。

is…grown B。

is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown
（)15。

He ____ by the teachers.
A。

is always praised B. praises
C. have been praised D。

always is praised
( ）16。

The picture______ in October，1996.
A. was taking
B. had been taken C。

was taken D. had taken
（)17。

We can't use the bridge now, because it______ 。

A. has been repaired
B. is repairing
C. is repaired D。

is being repaired
（）18. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman。

A。

was shown B。

showed C。

have shown D. was showing ( ）19. The war______ in 1941.
A。

broke out B. had been broken out
C. was broken out D。

had broken out
( ）20。

When water______ , it will be changed into vapour。

A。

is heated B。

heating C。

has heated D。

heats
（)21。

We can’t enter the room because its door______ .
A。

locked B。

locks C. is locked D。

is locking
( )22. They ______day and night.
A。

are made work B。

are made to work
C.made to be worked D。

are making to work
( ）23. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries。

A。

was sent up B。

is sent up
C. have been sent up
D. has been sent up
（）24。

This English song _____ often _____ by the children。

A.is，singing B。

is，sung C。

will，sing D. was，sung ( ）25。

The windows of our house _____once a week。

A. must clean B。

have cleaned C。

is cleaned D。

are cleaned （）26。

When ______ the People’s Republic of C hina_____ ？
A。

was, found B. was, founded C. did，found D。

does, found （）27. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now。

A. will be mended B。

has mended C。

was mended D。

mended （）28。

Some trees may ______ at other times of the year。

A。

be planted B。

plant C。

are planted D. will be planted （）29。

A new English play _____ there next week。

A。

will put on B。

will be put on C。

is going to put on D。

will be putted on
（）30。

A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A。

was happened B. has been happened C. happened D。

was going to happen ( ）31。

The glass ______ 。

It _____ by little Tom this morning。

A. broke, is broken
B. is broken, was broken
C。

was broken, broke D. has been broken，broken
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空.(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)
1。

It’s said（据说）that the long bridge______________（build)in two months．2。

Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now．
3.Which language _______the most widely_______(speak）in the world?
4。

The lost boy_____________（not find）so far．
5。

Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down．
6。

Vegetables，eggs and fruits_________ (sell）in this shop。

7 What _______ knives ______ （make）of ?
8。

They_______________（make）of metal（金属）and wood。

9. Can the magazine ________ (take）out of the library？
10。

The room _____________ (clean）by me every day。

11. The stars can’t _____________ （see）in the daytime.
12。

How long _____ your uncle ______（be）in the city？
13。

The food _____________ (smell）delicious。

14。

Look！Someone __________（dance).
三、按要求改写下列句子,一空一词。

1.Tea grows in South China。

（改为被动语态）
___________________________________________.
2.The children will sing an English song。

（改为被动语态）
An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children.
3。

You needn’t do it now. (改为被动语态)
It ______ ________ ________ by you now。

4. People use metal for making machines。

(改为被动语态）
Metal ________ _________ _______making machines.
5。

He made me do that for him。

(改为被动语态）
I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him。

6.They have sold out the light green dresses。

（改为被动语态）
The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out.
7.We call the game “Lianliankan"。

(改为被动语态）
The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us.
四．把下列句子改为被动语态
1。

Parents take care of their kids。

_____________________________________________________________________ 2。

People plant trees every day.
_____________________________________________________________________ 3. He ate bread yesterday。

_____________________________________________________________________ 4.China makes many watches。

_____________________________________________________________________ 5.The wind blew down the big tree last night。

_____________________________________________________________________ 6。

I do my homework every day。

_____________________________________________________________________ 6.He doesn’t throw the bad food。

_____________________________________________________________________ 8. Mother was not mending the trousers。

_____________________________________________________________________ 9.They will not take him to Beijing。

_____________________________________________________________________ 10。

Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
_____________________________________________________________________。