高一英语Unit 1 Cultural relics(续)人教实验版知识精讲

高一英语Unit 1 Cultural relics（续）人教实验版
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Unit 1 Cultural relics（续）
1. 重点单词短语用法讲解
2. 课文难点句解析
3. 非限制性定语从句讲解
二. 知识总结与归纳：
单元内容简介：
1. 继续了解文化遗产的基本情况。

2. 继续学习定语从句的用法。

三. 重点讲解与归纳：
1. The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and moving it away.
take apart: 拆开
The boy took the watch apart to see how it ran.
拓展：
tell…apart 把…区别开来
It is hard to tell the books apart.
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）
辨析：I saw him playing in the room.
I saw him play in the room.
2. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.
trial: 审判
in a trial 在审判中
on trial 在收审中
which eyewitnesses to believe= which eyewitnesses he should believe
what, how, who, where, when, which, whether等后加to do, 可以做动词或介词的宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。

I don’t know what to do.
Last summer I took a course on how to make dresses.
3. The judge does not consider how each eyewitness looks or where that person lives or works.
consider:
1) 考虑
consider sth.
consider doing sth.
consider +宾语从句
I’m considering the problem.
He is considering changing a job.
They should consider why they failed in the exam.
2) 认为
consider…(as)…=consider… to be…
consider…to have done
We consider him as a good athlete.
They consider Paris to be the brain and heart of the country.
The young man is considered to have stolen the picture.
4. …which must be facts, rather than opinions.
rather than:
1) 而不是（=and not）
They are quarrelling rather than talking.
2) 与其说……不如说……
She is a singer rather than a music teacher.
结构：
would…rather than …
would rather…than…
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
eg: I would die rather than give in to him.
= I would rather die than give in to him.
= I prefer to die rather than give in to him.
5. This kind of information is called evidence.
evidence: 证据（不可数）
迹象（可数）
There isn’t enough evidence against him.
There are evidences that somebody has been living here.
evident: adj. 明显的
She liked him still——that was evident.
6. Is it something that more than one person believes?
more than one: 接单数名词，表示“不止……”，后面的谓语动词用单数。

More than one student is going to take part in the sports meeting.
More than one tree has been planted.
7. The answer to both of these questions is “NO”.
the answer to: ……的答案。

注意介词to在这里表示所属关系。

the key to the door 门的钥匙
the key to the problem 问题的答案
the notes to the text 课文的注释
the entrance to the park 公园的入口
the reply to the letter 回信
8. A fact is anything that can be proved.
that: 不定代词anything作先行词，关系代词用that而不用which。

prove:
1) 证明，证实
eg. Can you prove your honesty?
Can you prove that your are honest?
2) 证明是，结果是。

作系动词(无被动)。

eg. His story proved true.
His words proved to be right.
9. They think the men are not telling the truth.
telling the truth: 说实话
tell的词组：
tell a lie 说慌
tell the secret 说出秘密
tell a story 讲故事
tell the differences between A and B 说出A 与B的区别
tell A from B 把A和B辨别开来
10. Some people might not agree with this opinion…
agree with:
1) 同意某人agree with sb.
I don’t quite agree with you.
2）同意某人的看法，观点或说的话
I agree with what you said.
1) 与……保持一致
What he said didn’t agree with what he did.
2) (气候、事物等)适合某人
Spicy food does not agree with everybody.
拓展：
agree on sth. 就……达成一致
The two sides agreed on the price.
agree to sth. 同意……
Do you agree to our plan?
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
Our teacher agreed to help us.
11. As you listen, pretend that you are a judge.
pretend: 假装
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
She always pretends to be an expert.
Don’t pretend to be reading the book!
12. I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room. think highly of: 高度评价
He was highly thought of by his boss.
拓展：
think well/ much of 看重，赞赏
think ill/ poorly/ badly of 认为……不好
speak highly of 高度评价
speak ill of 说……的坏话
13. Nor do I think they should give it to any government.
Nor do I think: 否定词nor放句首，句子使用了部分倒装（即把谓语动词放到主语前面）。

语法：
当否定副词及含有否定词的介词短语放于句首时，句子必须用部分倒装。

这样的副词和短语有：never, seldom, neither, nor, little, not, hardly, rarely, at no time, by no means, in no ways(决不)
Never shall I make such a mistake.
Seldom does she go to school late.
By no means will they give in.
14. Besides, my father once told me that any person who finds something can keep it.
besides: 除……之外还
There are ten people in the room besides Tom.
辨析：
except: 除……外，从整体中排除部分
except for: 叙述完整体情况后，对细节进行补充说明
beside: 在……旁边
They all went to the cinema except Jack.
The text is well written except for a few mistakes.
He is sitting beside me.
15. Then I remembered seeing…
remember doing sth 记得做过某事
remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事
Remember to close the door when you leave.
I remember posting the letter for you.
拓展：
forget to do sth. 忘记要做的事
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
regret to do sth. 对将要做的事表示遗憾
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事
eg. I regret to tell you that you have failed again.
He regretted wasting so much time playing computer games.
非限制性定语从句
定语从句有时跟先行词的关系不十分密切，只是作一些附加说明，不起限制作用，这种从句成为非限制性定语从句。

这类从句往往用逗号和主句隔开。

Miss Zhang, who came to our school yesterday, is one of my good friends.
He was late again , which made his boss angry.
这个例子中定语从句所修饰的不是一个词，而是整个主句，这时候不能用that来引导。

【模拟试题】
I. Best choice: 20%
1. I don't like milk, but I am made ___________ it every day.
A. to drink
B. drinking
C. drink
D. drunk
2. He spent very little time at school, perhaps a year ______________.
A. at all
B. at least
C. in this way
D. in total
3. A modern city has been set up in _______ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
4. He ______ be talkative, but now he is not used to ______ in public.
A. used to; speaking
B. was used to; speak
C. used to; speak
D. was used to; speaking
5. I have saved a lot of money, ______I can buy a new piano.
A. that
B. which
C. in which
D. with which
6. How do you ________ a car accident when it happens?
A. do about
B. do with
C. deal with
D. deal about
7. You must have seen him last night, ______?
A. haven’t you
B. didn’t you
C. can’t you
D. mustn’t you
8. ________ of the village ________ two small lakes.
A. The east ... lie B. East ... lies C. The east ... lies D. East (i)
9. The time __________ has been ____________.
A. losing … made up for
B. lost … made up for
C. losing … made up of
D. lost … made up of
10. Only ___________ hope to make improvement in the operating system．
A. by the way can you
B. on the way you can
C. in a way you can
D. in this way can you
11. --- Have you moved into the new house?
--- Not yet, the rooms _____.
A. are being painted
B. have been painted
C. are painted
D. are being painting
12. _________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
13. --- Would you like to come over for lunch this Saturday?
--- Oh, ______, but I have an appointment with the doctor. Thank you for inviting me.
--- That’s OK.______.
A. I’d really love to; I have a meeting
B. it’s very friendly of you; I’m very busy
C. that sounds good; Perhaps some other day
D. I’d really love to; Maybe some other time
14. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ______ run over by a car.
A. have
B. get
C. become
D. turn
15. Peter won’t drive us to the station. He has ______ to take us all.
A. a very small car
B. too small a car
C. a too small car
D. such a small car
16. People in America speak the same language _______ the British do.
A. which
B. what
C. as
D. like
17. --- How did you ______ the movie last night?
--- ______, it’s both interesting and instructive.
A. think; I think
B. find; In my opinion
C. think; I find
D. find; I find
18. ______ many young people, my son likes rock music.
A. In common with
B. In common
C. Look like
D. Looking like
19. --- Would you like some coffee?
--- Yes, and please get me some milk, too. I prefer coffee _____ milk.
A. to
B. than
C. with
D. of
20. We our car two years ago and we it six thousand miles since then.
A. had bought; drove
B. have bought; drove
C. bought; have driven
D. bought; had driven
II. Cloze test: 20%
As darkness fell, hundreds of people in the Swiss village left their houses. They were staring（凝视）__21__ at the mountain top in the distance. It was covered with ice and snow --- beautiful and dangerous.
The huge mountain is called Matterhorn. Mountain climbers had __22__ the top through the southern route（路线）. But no one __23__ ever dared to try climbing up the __24__ side in winter. But now one man __25__ to try the difficult route. He was Walter Bonatti, a great mountain climber __26__ Italy.
For two days he had climbed. The village people had watched him __27__. Now they were waiting to see his
__28__. If he planned to go on the next day, he would __29__ a green signal. A red light would mean that he was turning back.
A tiny green light __30__ high on the mountain side. Bonatti was not giving up! The people __31__!
The next day he continued his way upward. He was so lonely and so __32__! But he would not give up. Again that night he lit the __33__ light.
In the morning, Bonatti __34__. He could not see the top. He knew he was __35__ there. Though the climb was painful, __36__ he moved up. Bonatti had spent months __37__ for the climb. Was the training enough? Did he have the strength and skill to climb to the top?
He was finally at the top! News about his __38__ was radioed to the world.
The trip __39__ the southern route was easy. He was warmly welcomed in the village. He had done the “impossible”, and would be well __40__ as a climber of all time.
21. A. back B. forward C. down D. up
22. A. watched B. passed C. reached D. climbed
23. A. was B. wasn’t C. hadn’t D. had
24. A. western B. eastern C. southern D. northern
25. A. had B. ought C. used D. dared
26. A. from B. to C. at D. for
27. A. patiently B. carefully C. anxiously D. eagerly
28. A. face B. figure C. flag D. signal
29. A. raise B. make C. light D. mark
30. A. rose B. appeared C. turned on D. turned off
31. A. cheered B. laughed C. jumped D. whispered
32. A. sleepy B. excited C. tired D. happy
33. A. yellow B. blue C. green D. red
34. A. woke up B. turned up C. got up D. looked up
35. A. already B. almost C. no longer D. surely
36. A. but B. and C. still D. however
37. A. training B. preparing C. planning D. asking
38. A. success B. importance C. climb D. courage
39. A. along B. up C. down D. to
40. A. recognized B. called C. remembered D. kept
III. Reading: 30%
A
A lot of people think Scotland is a part of England, but, as any Scotsman will tell you, it certainly is not. In fact, until the eighteenth century Scotland was an independent country, with a parliament（议会）of its own. The English had tried many times over many centuries to bring Scotland under their rule. They succeeded at last in 1707, and some Scots have never forgiven them.
Scotland is now governed from London, but in some ways it is still a separate nation. It has its own capital city (Edinburgh), its own law, and its own stamps. It even has a language of its own, spoken now by only a few people in the islands.
In some ways southern Scotland is like England, with its good farmland and low green hills. Central and northern Scotland (“the Highlands”) have high mountains and deep valleys, fast rivers and cold lakes. These days, of course, there are good roads and railways all through Scotland. Aberdeen, the northeast city where the oil from the North Sea comes to land, is especially easy to reach. But it can still be quite difficult to travel in the winter when the hills are covered with snow. It always takes a long time to visit the beautiful but far-off（遥远）islands on the west coast. One reason why Scotland has stayed so different from England is the wildness of the land. It has always been difficult to get around there.
41. From the history of the Great Britain we can know Scotland _______.
A. had been an independent country by the 19th century
B. had been a dependent country by the 18th century
C. was a separate country before the 18th century
D. was a dependent country before the 18th century
42. The first paragraph tells us _______.
A. the Scots used to fight against the rules from England many times
B. the Scots have never forgiven their own rulers
C. the Scots never defeated the English at all the battles
D. it was quite easy for the English to occupy（占领）Scotland
43. Scotland has a language of its own, _______.
A. which is spoken by all the Scots
B. which not many people speak now
C. which is almost the same as English language
D. which the English prevent from being spoken
44. Form the third paragraph we can infer _______.
A. there are no good roads in Scotland because of high mountains
B. there are no railways in Scotland because of deep valleys
C. England has not any river and lakes in the center and north
D. England has good farmland and low green hills
45. Why doesn’t Scotland develop faster than England?
A. It has to have the oil carried to land from North Sea.
B. Its hills are covered with snow in winter.
C. Its beautiful islands are too far-off to reach.
D. It has much wild land, which makes people reach there with difficulty.
B
Welcome to Franklin Hotel. To make your stay as enjoyable as possible, we hope you will use our facilities（设施）to the full.
Dining Room: Breakfast is served in the dining room from 8 to 9:30 a.m. Also the room staff（服务员）may bring breakfast to your room at any time after 7 a.m. If this happens, please fill out a card and hang it outside your door when you go to bed. Lunch is from 12 to 2:30 p.m. Dinner is from 7:30 to 9 p.m.
Room Service: This operates 24 hours a day; phone the Reception desk, and your message will be passed on to the room staff.
Telephones: To make a phone call, dial 0 for Reception and ask to be connected. We apologize for delays（延迟）if the lines are very busy. There are also public telephones near the Reception desk. Tell Reception if early calls are needed.
Shop: The hotel shop is open for presents, gifts and goods from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
Laundry: We have a laundry in the building, and will wash, iron and return your clothes within 24 hours. Ask the room staff to collect them.
Bar: The hotel bar is open from 12 to 2 p.m. and 7 p.m. to 1 a.m.
Banking: The Reception staff will cash cheques (兑现支票) and exchange any foreign money for you.
46.You would see this notice _______.
A. in a hotel bar
B. in a hotel dining room
C. in a bedroom of a large international hotel
D. at the entrance of a small family hotel
47.You have arrived at the hotel at 2 a.m. and want a quick meal. What should you do?
A. Go to the hotel shop.
B. Go to the hotel bar.
C. Hang a message outside your door.
D. Phone Reception.
48. You have come back to the hotel just to make an urgent phone call. But you notice a lot of people around the Reception desk. Judging from the notice, would it be quickest to _______?
A. go to your room and phone from there
B. ask at the Reception desk
C. use one of the telephones in the entrance hall
D. go out again and look for a public phone box
49. How many kinds of service are there according to the notice?
A. Twelve
B. Ten
C. Eight
D. Seven
50.What would you do if you want room service at 24?
A. Phone the Reception desk.
B. Go to the Reception desk
C. Phone the room staff.
D. Fill out a card ahead.
C
People often say, “Even without stepping out of my house I know all that has been happening in the world.”
I think that is quite true, especially in modern times.
We get all kinds of news from newspaper and TV and the Internet. This helps us to understand the developing world, without having to go to the places where events are really taking place.
Newspapers not only carry news but also teach us many useful things, such as first aid, cooking, playing games and chess, how to take good photographs and enrich us with common sense.
More and more people enjoy watching TV or going to Internet school everyday. Net school is very useful in many ways. First of all, it can make teaching and learning much easier with great interest. Students can get more information and knowledge in class. We can send E-mails to all parts of the world at any time, and get the latest information through the Internet.
Reading a newspaper or watching TV or going to net school can widen our view of knowledge. They help us improve our listening, speaking, reading and writing.
Because of all these advantages, I like to read newspapers, to watch TV and go to net school.
51. More and more people like to go to net school because_______.
A. it is a large school
B. everybody can read in it
C. it makes people happy
D. it’s an advanced school
52. Newspapers and TV can give people _______.
A. gold and silver
B. knowledge
C. more time
D. the latest news throughout the world
53. What’s the meaning of the word “information”?
A. News.
B. Truth.
C. Words.
D. Sentence.
54. What would be the best title of this passage?
A. Don’t S tep Out of Your House.
B. Why I like to Read Newspaper, Watch TV and GO to Net School
C. Carrying News.
D. The Best Way to Carry News and Learn Useful Things.
55. What can we get from newspaper and net school?
A. We can get all kinds of news.
B. We can learn many useful things.
C. We can improve listening, speaking, reading and writing.
D. All above.
IV. Vocabulary: 10%
A) It is not allowed to use a calculator in your math exam. You will have to work out all the problems
p_______________. You may think it a strange rule. However, everybody knows that machines or computers that have a________________ intelligence can never replace h________________ totally. There are always many things that you will have to do all by yourself. As a whole, man’s brain is always more p_______________ than computers. A_____________ all, it was man who invented computers.
B)
arise, apply, disagree, disadvantage, choice, material, spoil
I am writing to apologize to you about the building __________________ that you bought from our company last week. I am afraid we delivered it to the wrong address so we are now busy ______________ to the post office to get it back. It will be some time, maybe another week, before it finally reaches you if no new problems
__________________. I am sorry to tell you that both of us have no other ______________but to wait. I sincerely hope that this small mistake will not ___________________ our cooperation(合作).
Please take our apology. Best wishes!
Yours truly,
Tom Johnson
V. Sentences: 15%
1. Can you name some of the endangered animals? How can we stop them from disappearing?
Can you name some of the animals _____________ _____________? How can we stop them from
__________ ____________?
2. The pollution will affect the living environment of the whales. There is no doubt about that.
The pollution will _______________ an ____________ _______________ the living environment of whales. That’s ____________ _______________.
3. They suggested _________________ more _______________ _________________ the loss of new goods here in the shop. (注意)
4. They were mopping the floor when they were bitten by some mosquitoes.
The floor ___________ ____________ _______________ when some mosquitoes _____________.
【试题答案】
I—III.
1—5 ADBAD 6—10 CBDBD 11—15 ACCBB 16—20 CBACC 21—25 BCDDD 26—30 ACDCB 31—35 ACCDB 36—40 CAACC 41—45 CABDD 46—50 CDCDA 51—55 DDABD
IV. A) personally artificial humans powerful After
B) material applying arise choice spoil
V. 1. in danger, dying out 2. have…effect on , for sure
3. paying … attention to
4. was being mopped, bit。