高考英语一轮复习-语法专题训练部分-专题8-情态动词与虚拟语气市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖PP
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11/65
3．may/might 或许，也许，可以
He may come or may not. 来不来随便。
You may go now. 你可以走了。
问句第一人称用 may/might/can；二、三人称用 can。
(1)—May/Might I smoke here? 我可以吸烟吗？
—Yes，you can./—No，you mustn't.
5/65
(3)must 推测 must do 否定形式：can't do 对现在情况的推测 must have done 否定形式：can't have done 对过去情况的推测 In the distance，a person is coming.It must be Peter. 远处过来一个人。此人一定是彼得。 The light in my brother's room went out.He must have gone to bed. 我弟弟房间的灯灭了，他一定已睡了。
语法专题训练部分 专题八 情态动词与虚拟语气
语法储备 单句语法填空
综合演练
1/65
01 语 法 储 备
2/65
一、情态动词 1．must (1)must 必须(否定式 needn't 或 don't have to) You must pay the money，but you needn't do so at once. 你必须付钱，但不必马上付。
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—Must I finish my homework at once? 我必须马上完成作业吗？ —Yes，you must. 必须。 —No，you needn't/you don't have to. 不必。
4/65
(2)mustn't 绝对不可，不许 You mustn't lend it to others. 你不能把它借给别人。 I must not let anyone know. 我不能让任何人知道这件事。
可以。
不行。
12/65
(2)—Can I help you? 用帮忙吗？ —No，thanks.I can manage it myself. 不，谢谢，我自己能行。 (3)—Can you give me a room for the night? 我可以在此住一夜吗？ —Yes，I may/can.(不用 might) 可以。
要，必要，(用于疑问句和否定句) You needn't try it again. 你不必再试了。 —Need they stay here this evening? 他们今晚有必要在这吗？ —Yes，they must. —必须在这。 —No，they needn't. 不必。
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He can't be a policeman. 他不可能是警察。 can't have done 不可能已经…… He can't have finished his work. 他不可能把工作做完了。
30/65
shouldnothave done
(6) oughtnotto have done
9/65
2．can/could 能，会＝be able to A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。 (1)在特定的条件下能够做成某事用 be able to Though the earthquake was very strong，all the people were able to escape and nobody was killed. 尽管地震很强烈，但是所有人都跑出来了，无人死亡。
22/65
9．shall (1)用于第一人称、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方 意见和向对方请求。如： Shall we begin our class? 开始上课吧？ Shall the driver wait outside? 让司机在外面等着吗？
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(2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、 警告、允诺或威胁。如：
17/65
(2)dare 用于实义动词 We dare to struggle against the pollution. 我们要敢于与污染作斗争。 Does he dare to speak in public? 他敢在人前讲话吗？
18/65
7．will (1)will 愿意，想要 I will tell you an interesting story. 我想给你讲一个有趣的故事。 We will do our best to realize our idea. 我们要尽最大的努力实现我们的理想。
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(2)could 用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句 He could be ill. 他可能病了。 He could not have seen me yesterday. 他昨天不可能见到我了。 could have done 本来能够…… I could have had my breakfast this morning，but a friend came. 我本来能够吃上早饭，可是一位朋友来了。
27/65
(4)might 肯定句、否定句、疑问句 He might have known the news. 他也许已经知道了这个消息。 He might not have arrived in Shanghai. 他也许还没到上海。
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(5)must do 一定…… He must work in a hospital. 他一定在一家医院工作。 must have done 一定已经…… He must have finished his work. 他一定已经完成了任务。 否定形式：can't do 不可能……
26/65
(3)may 用于肯定句、否定句 That may be so，but I doubt it. 也许是这样，但我表示怀疑。 may have done 可能做过 may not have done 可能未做过 It may not have been my mistake. 也许不是我的错。 He may have arrived in Shanghai. 他可能已经到达上海了。
6/65
The light in my brother's room is still on.He can't have gone to bed.
我弟弟房间的灯仍旧亮着，他不可能睡了。
7/65
注意：①must 用于反问句时取决于 must/can't 后的动词的真 实时态。
He must be in his office now，isn't he? 他一定在办公室，对吗？ He must have gone home，hasn't he? 他一定已回家了，对吗？ He must have gone home yesterday，didn't he? 他一定昨天就回家了，对吗？ He couldn't have met me last night，did he? 他昨夜不可能见到我了，对吧？
You shall go with me.(命令) 你和我一起去。 You shall have the book when I have finished it.(允诺) 我看完这本书就给你。 He shall be punished.(威胁) 他将受到惩罚。
24/65
10．表示推测 (1)can 用于否定句、疑问句 He can't be her husband. 他不可能是她丈夫。 It can't have been stolen. 它不可能被偷了。 Can it be true? 这是真的吗？
10/65
(2)口语中 can 可以代替 may 表示“允许” You can go home now. 你现在可以回家了。 Can I borrow two books at a time? 我一次可以借两本书吗？ (3)could 用于问句表示委婉客气，回答时用 can —Could I ask you a question? 我可以问个问题吗？ —Yes，of course you can. 当然可以。
15/65
(2)need 用于实义动词 We need to do more exercises. 我们需要多做练习 She needs me to help her with her English. 她需要我帮她学英语。 (3)need/want/require＋doing/to be done The downtown needs designing again. 商业区需要重新规划。 ＝The downtown needs to be designed again.
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(2)will 必然性，倾向性 If he says he'll come，he will. 他说来他就会来。 You will be glad to see her. 见到她你会很高兴。 Fish will die without water. 鱼没有水会死的。
21/65
8．would 是 will 的过去式 (1)愿望 “I would do anything for our soldiers.”said the old lady. “我愿意为战士做任何事”，老大妈说。 (2)习惯 On Sundays he would come and work with us. 一到周日他就来和我们一起干活。 (3)请求(语气委婉) Would you please not smoke? 请不要吸烟好吗？
8/65
②must 主观 have to do 客观 We must make up our minds to improve our spoken English. 我们必须下决心提高英语口语水平。 The entrance examination is near，so we have to study harder and harder. 高考临近，我们要加倍努力。
afternoon. 你本不必把书寄过去，他下午就来。
31/65
二、虚拟语气 1．虚拟语气与陈述语气的区别： (1)意义不同 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确实的或符合事实的， 而虚拟语气表示动作状态不是事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假 设、建议或推测等。
32/65
(2)形式不同 虚拟语气的谓语动词形式和陈述语气的谓语动词形式不同， 如虚拟条件句的谓语和真实条件句的谓语就截然不同。如： If it rains tomorrow，our picnic will be put off. 如果明天下雨，我们的郊游就推迟。(陈述语气，说话人认为 下雨的可能性很大。) If it rained tomorrow，our picnic would be put off. 万一明天下雨，我们的郊游就推迟。(虚拟语气，说话人认为 下雨的可能性较小。)
本(不)应该做……
benotsupposed to have done
You shouldn't have told her the news. 你本不该告诉她那个消息
(7)needn't have done 本不必……
You needn't have posted him the book.He is coming this
16/65
6．dare 敢 (1)dare 用于疑问句、否定句和条件句 He dare not kill snakes. 他不敢杀蛇。 —Dare you go home alone? 你敢自己回家吗？ —Yes，I dare.敢/—No，I dare not.不敢 I dare say...习惯用法．
13/65
4．should/ought to/be supposed to 应该，按道理，竟然 (1)The photos should be ready by 11 o'clock. 相片 11 点就会洗出来。 (2)We ought to give them a hand. 我们应该帮他们一把。 (3)It's strange that he should be late again. 很奇怪，他竟然又迟到了。
3．may/might 或许，也许，可以
He may come or may not. 来不来随便。
You may go now. 你可以走了。
问句第一人称用 may/might/can；二、三人称用 can。
(1)—May/Might I smoke here? 我可以吸烟吗？
—Yes，you can./—No，you mustn't.
5/65
(3)must 推测 must do 否定形式：can't do 对现在情况的推测 must have done 否定形式：can't have done 对过去情况的推测 In the distance，a person is coming.It must be Peter. 远处过来一个人。此人一定是彼得。 The light in my brother's room went out.He must have gone to bed. 我弟弟房间的灯灭了，他一定已睡了。
语法专题训练部分 专题八 情态动词与虚拟语气
语法储备 单句语法填空
综合演练
1/65
01 语 法 储 备
2/65
一、情态动词 1．must (1)must 必须(否定式 needn't 或 don't have to) You must pay the money，but you needn't do so at once. 你必须付钱，但不必马上付。
3/65
—Must I finish my homework at once? 我必须马上完成作业吗？ —Yes，you must. 必须。 —No，you needn't/you don't have to. 不必。
4/65
(2)mustn't 绝对不可，不许 You mustn't lend it to others. 你不能把它借给别人。 I must not let anyone know. 我不能让任何人知道这件事。
可以。
不行。
12/65
(2)—Can I help you? 用帮忙吗？ —No，thanks.I can manage it myself. 不，谢谢，我自己能行。 (3)—Can you give me a room for the night? 我可以在此住一夜吗？ —Yes，I may/can.(不用 might) 可以。
要，必要，(用于疑问句和否定句) You needn't try it again. 你不必再试了。 —Need they stay here this evening? 他们今晚有必要在这吗？ —Yes，they must. —必须在这。 —No，they needn't. 不必。
29/65
He can't be a policeman. 他不可能是警察。 can't have done 不可能已经…… He can't have finished his work. 他不可能把工作做完了。
30/65
shouldnothave done
(6) oughtnotto have done
9/65
2．can/could 能，会＝be able to A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。 (1)在特定的条件下能够做成某事用 be able to Though the earthquake was very strong，all the people were able to escape and nobody was killed. 尽管地震很强烈，但是所有人都跑出来了，无人死亡。
22/65
9．shall (1)用于第一人称、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方 意见和向对方请求。如： Shall we begin our class? 开始上课吧？ Shall the driver wait outside? 让司机在外面等着吗？
23/65
(2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、 警告、允诺或威胁。如：
17/65
(2)dare 用于实义动词 We dare to struggle against the pollution. 我们要敢于与污染作斗争。 Does he dare to speak in public? 他敢在人前讲话吗？
18/65
7．will (1)will 愿意，想要 I will tell you an interesting story. 我想给你讲一个有趣的故事。 We will do our best to realize our idea. 我们要尽最大的努力实现我们的理想。
25/65
(2)could 用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句 He could be ill. 他可能病了。 He could not have seen me yesterday. 他昨天不可能见到我了。 could have done 本来能够…… I could have had my breakfast this morning，but a friend came. 我本来能够吃上早饭，可是一位朋友来了。
27/65
(4)might 肯定句、否定句、疑问句 He might have known the news. 他也许已经知道了这个消息。 He might not have arrived in Shanghai. 他也许还没到上海。
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(5)must do 一定…… He must work in a hospital. 他一定在一家医院工作。 must have done 一定已经…… He must have finished his work. 他一定已经完成了任务。 否定形式：can't do 不可能……
26/65
(3)may 用于肯定句、否定句 That may be so，but I doubt it. 也许是这样，但我表示怀疑。 may have done 可能做过 may not have done 可能未做过 It may not have been my mistake. 也许不是我的错。 He may have arrived in Shanghai. 他可能已经到达上海了。
6/65
The light in my brother's room is still on.He can't have gone to bed.
我弟弟房间的灯仍旧亮着，他不可能睡了。
7/65
注意：①must 用于反问句时取决于 must/can't 后的动词的真 实时态。
He must be in his office now，isn't he? 他一定在办公室，对吗？ He must have gone home，hasn't he? 他一定已回家了，对吗？ He must have gone home yesterday，didn't he? 他一定昨天就回家了，对吗？ He couldn't have met me last night，did he? 他昨夜不可能见到我了，对吧？
You shall go with me.(命令) 你和我一起去。 You shall have the book when I have finished it.(允诺) 我看完这本书就给你。 He shall be punished.(威胁) 他将受到惩罚。
24/65
10．表示推测 (1)can 用于否定句、疑问句 He can't be her husband. 他不可能是她丈夫。 It can't have been stolen. 它不可能被偷了。 Can it be true? 这是真的吗？
10/65
(2)口语中 can 可以代替 may 表示“允许” You can go home now. 你现在可以回家了。 Can I borrow two books at a time? 我一次可以借两本书吗？ (3)could 用于问句表示委婉客气，回答时用 can —Could I ask you a question? 我可以问个问题吗？ —Yes，of course you can. 当然可以。
15/65
(2)need 用于实义动词 We need to do more exercises. 我们需要多做练习 She needs me to help her with her English. 她需要我帮她学英语。 (3)need/want/require＋doing/to be done The downtown needs designing again. 商业区需要重新规划。 ＝The downtown needs to be designed again.
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20/65
(2)will 必然性，倾向性 If he says he'll come，he will. 他说来他就会来。 You will be glad to see her. 见到她你会很高兴。 Fish will die without water. 鱼没有水会死的。
21/65
8．would 是 will 的过去式 (1)愿望 “I would do anything for our soldiers.”said the old lady. “我愿意为战士做任何事”，老大妈说。 (2)习惯 On Sundays he would come and work with us. 一到周日他就来和我们一起干活。 (3)请求(语气委婉) Would you please not smoke? 请不要吸烟好吗？
8/65
②must 主观 have to do 客观 We must make up our minds to improve our spoken English. 我们必须下决心提高英语口语水平。 The entrance examination is near，so we have to study harder and harder. 高考临近，我们要加倍努力。
afternoon. 你本不必把书寄过去，他下午就来。
31/65
二、虚拟语气 1．虚拟语气与陈述语气的区别： (1)意义不同 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的，确实的或符合事实的， 而虚拟语气表示动作状态不是事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假 设、建议或推测等。
32/65
(2)形式不同 虚拟语气的谓语动词形式和陈述语气的谓语动词形式不同， 如虚拟条件句的谓语和真实条件句的谓语就截然不同。如： If it rains tomorrow，our picnic will be put off. 如果明天下雨，我们的郊游就推迟。(陈述语气，说话人认为 下雨的可能性很大。) If it rained tomorrow，our picnic would be put off. 万一明天下雨，我们的郊游就推迟。(虚拟语气，说话人认为 下雨的可能性较小。)
本(不)应该做……
benotsupposed to have done
You shouldn't have told her the news. 你本不该告诉她那个消息
(7)needn't have done 本不必……
You needn't have posted him the book.He is coming this
16/65
6．dare 敢 (1)dare 用于疑问句、否定句和条件句 He dare not kill snakes. 他不敢杀蛇。 —Dare you go home alone? 你敢自己回家吗？ —Yes，I dare.敢/—No，I dare not.不敢 I dare say...习惯用法．
13/65
4．should/ought to/be supposed to 应该，按道理，竟然 (1)The photos should be ready by 11 o'clock. 相片 11 点就会洗出来。 (2)We ought to give them a hand. 我们应该帮他们一把。 (3)It's strange that he should be late again. 很奇怪，他竟然又迟到了。