2020届山东济钢高级中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案

2020届山东济钢高级中学高三英语期中试卷及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Four Online Events
The handshake：an anthropologist’s guide
What is its biological purpose？What are the best and worst handshakes？In this talk，scientist Ella Al-Shamahi examines the power of touch and argues the handshake is at least 7 million years old．This event will start at 18:00 pm on 25 March and will last one hour．Standard ticket price：£15(A 20％discount for those who buy the ticket before March 20.)
A rescue plan for nature
What do we need to do to restore the planet 's biodiversity and preventthe next pandemic (疫情)？Join scientist Cristian Samper as he talks about how our ignoring nature caused the pandemic-and how we can seize a unique opportunity to build back better．This free event will start at 18:00 pm on 15 April．Origins of life
Why is the planet the way it is？How did we get here？Does everything happen for a reason or are some things left to chance？Research shows we live in a world driven by chance．In this talk，biologist Sean B Carroll will tell the stories of the mother of all accidents，and the surprising power of chance in our lives and the world．This event will start at 19:30 pm on 22 April and will last two hours．Standard ticket price：£18(A 10％discount for those who buy the ticket before April 17.)
The truth about exercise
Should we all be hitting the gym three times a week？Should we worry about sitting to omuch？If you are strong and fit，can you get away with being inactive？In this talk，specialist Jason Gill introduces what science can really tell us about how much we need to move to live a healthy life．This event will start at 19:00 pm on May 13 and will last one hour，Standard ticket price：£12(A 15％discount for those who buy the ticket before May 8.)
1.How much should you at least spend on the event about the handshake？
A.£10.2．
B.£12．
C.£13．
D.£16.2．
2.From whom can you learn about the origins of life？
A.Ella Al-Shamahi．
B.Cristian Samper．
C.Sean B Carroll．
D.Jason Gill．
3.What does the four online talks have in common？
A.They are science-based．
B.They are about cultures．
C.They are related to nature．
D.They are intended for the young．
B
We are in lack of enough sleep, according to Arianna Huffington, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of The Huffington Post. And thishas great consequences on our health, our job performance, our relationships and our happiness. What is needed, she ly declares, is nothing short of a sleep revolution. Only by renewing our relationship with sleep can we take back control of our lives.
In her bestseller Thrive, Arianna wrote about our need to redefine success through wellbeing, wisdom, wonder, and giving. Her discussion of the importance of sleep as a gateway to this more fulfilling way of living struck such a powerful chord (弦) that she realized the mystery and transformative power of sleep called for a fuller investigation (调查).
The result is a scientifically sweeping and personal exploration of sleep from all angles, from the history of sleep, to the role of dreams in our lives, to the consequences of sleep deprivation (剥夺), and the new golden age of sleep science that is showing the vital role sleep plays in our every waking moment and every aspect of our health — from weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease to cancer and Alzheimer’s.
In The Sleep Revolution, Arianna shows how our cultural removal of sleep as time wasted damages our health and our decision-making and our work lives and shortens our personal lives. She explores all the latest science on what exactly is going on while we sleep and dream. She decides the dangerous sleeping pill industry, and all the ways of our addiction to technology disturb our sleep. She also offers a range of recommendations and tips from leading scientists on how we can get better and more restorative sleep.
In today’s fast-paced, always-connected and sleep-deprived world, our need for a good night’s sleep is more important than ever. The Sleep Revolution both sounds the alarm on our worldwide sleep crisis and provides a detailed road map to the great sleep awakening that can help transform our lives, our communities, and our world.
4. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The importance of sleep.
B. The necessity of improving sleep.
C. The way to improve our sleep.
D. The effect of sleep on health.
5. What can be inferred about Arianna’s attitude to success?
A. She thinks good sleep is more important.
B. She doesn’t think much of becoming successful.
C. She thinks it wrong to sacrifice health to success.
D. She is concerned about the nature of success.
6. What can be said about Arianna’s investigation?
A. It is really of great value.
B. It is scientific and historical.
C. It costs Arianna’s sleep in practice.
D. It covers all necessary aspects scientifically,
7. What influence does TheSleep Revolution have on society?
A. It helps to slow down the pace of modern life.
B. It warns people against taking sleeping pills.
C. It warns the harm of inadequate sleep of people.
D. It helps to stress the value of sleep to success.
C
If you easily make mistakes when in a hurry, a new study from Michigan State University—the largest of its kind to date-found that meditation (冥想) could help you improve the situation.
The research tested how open monitoring meditation (OMM)—or, meditationthat focuses awareness on feelings or thoughts as they unfold in one’s mind and body—alteredbrain activity in a way that suggested increased error recognition.
“People’s interest in meditation is outpacing what science can prove in terms of effects and benefits.” said Jeff Lin, MSU psychology doctoral candidate and study co-author. “But it’s amazing to me that we were able to see how one session of a guided meditation could produce changes to brain activity in non-meditators.”
“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object, commonly your breath, but open monitoring meditation is a bit different,” Lin said, “It has you tune inward and pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body. The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”
Lin and his MSU co-authors—William Eckerle, Ling Peng and Jason Moser—hired more than 200 participants to test how open monitoring meditation affected how people detect and respond toerrors.
The participants, who had never meditated before, were taken through a 20-minute open monitoring
meditation exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through electroencephalography (脑电图), or EEG. Then, they completed a computerized distraction (分心) test.
“The EEG can measure brain activity at the millisecond level, so we got precise measures of brain activity right after mistakes compared to correct responses,” Lin said. “A certain neural signal occurs about half a second after an error called the error positivity, which is linked to conscious error recognition. We found that the strength of this signal is increased in the meditators to controls.”
“These findings show what just 20 minutes of open monitoring meditation can do to improve the brain’s ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,” Moser said.
8. What does the underlined word “altered” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Changed.
B. Prevented.
C. Started.
D. Recorded.
9. Why is open monitoring meditation different?
A. It is just aimed at a single object.
B. It clears your mind of everything.
C. It gets too caught up in the scenery.
D. It focuses on where the mind travels.
10. What did the researchers do for the study
A. They hired people who had meditated before.
B. They measured the participants’ brain activity.
C. They reminded the participants to avoid errors.
D. They had non-meditators design a distraction test.
11. What is the best title for the text?
A. Turn to OMM to Avoid Acting in a Hurry
B. You’re Able to Recognize Errors Consciously
C. Meditators’ Brain Proves Much More Active
D. OMM Can Help You Make Fewer Mistakes
D
Last summer, Maria and her mother moved from their house in the countryside to a flat building in Chicago. Maria really liked some things about the city, but she missed her house and yard in the countryside.
One day, Maria was in her flat building when she noticed her neighbor, Mrs. Garcia, carrying a gardening tool and a bag of soil. Maria wondered how Mrs. Garcia was able to garden in the city.
“My mom used to grow the most delicious vegetables, and I know she misses her garden now that we don’t have a yard,” said Maria.
Mrs. Garcia laughed. “I’ll show you,” she said.
Maria thought that Mrs. Garcia would take her to the park, but she took her to the roof. When the door opened, Maria was surprised to see rows of flowers and vegetables on the roof.
“What a wonderful garden!” said Maria.
Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was just an empty space. Then some of the people in the building asked the owners to turn it into a community garden. The building owners liked the idea because the plants not only helped to keep the air clean, but they also helped to keep the building cooler during warmer weather.
“I plant flowers in my own place,” Mrs. Garcia said, “but you would be surprised by how different the plants are up here. Some people grow vegetables just like your mom. You can do some of the same things in the city as in the countryside. You just have to be creative!”
12. Where did Mrs. Garcia take Maria to one day?
A. The park.
B. The roof.
C. The garden in front of her house.
D. The countryside.
13. Which of the following is NOT the good side of the community garden?
A. It made the building stronger.
B. It helped keep the air clean.
C. It helped keep the building cooler.
D. It used the empty space well.
14. After Maria visited the garden, she would most probably ask her mom to ________.
A. go back to the countryside
B. pick flowers from the garden
C show her around the park D. grow vegetables on the roof
15. What is the best title for this passage?
A. A Creative Lady
B. An Empty Roof
C. A Rooftop Garden
D. A Special Building
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项As you get older, you'll meet a wider range of people from different cultures. Culture is an idea that isn't easy to understand. People often use the term to refer to things like food, holidays, clothing and music.____16____Religion, customs, beliefs and values are also part of your culture. So when meeting people from different backgrounds, you can sometimes find that there're huge differences in how you see the world.
____17____For example, when you meet people from a different culture, ask them about their lives. It is one of the best ways to understand the culture. But be polite about it and remember they don't owe you an answer, and might not want to give it—not everyone wants to explain everything about their culture.
Maybe you've recently met someone from a different culture you find interesting.____18____Get to know
his/her families and see how their customs and traditions differ from yours. You might be surprised to find how culturally different two people living even in the same town can be!
Read books by and about people who are different from you. Reading memoirs (回忆录), biographies and other nonfiction books is an obvious way to learn about a country or someone's life.____19____Like with books, you can also watch movies to learn more about a culture. What's more, keeping yourself in a different culture through travel is also an amazing way to understand another culture.
____20____So accept and respect the differences between yourself and your friends from different cultures—remember that what is a difference to you is just their normal life!
A. Make friends with him/her.
B. But it also goes much deeper than that.
C. Show respect towards people from other cultures.
D. You may think you know a lot about a culture or place.
E. Differences between us are what makes life so interesting.
F. There are many ways to understandother people's cultures.
G. Also don't ignore novels that have been translated from other languages.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively dislike work and will do anythingto___21___it. Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives.Theory Y is the view that everyone has the___22___to find satisfaction in work. Both of them are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity(僵化）of the model.
In any case, despite so much evidence to the___23___, many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,___24___, that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed fromabove without___25___. This, of course, makes for autocratic (专制的) managers. Different cultures have different ways of managing people. Unlike___26___management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative___27___of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to___28___to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on
general___29___. Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional___30___managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to___31___employees to use their own initiative, to makedecisions on their own without asking managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing:___32___the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be___33___with just a top levelof senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has___34___been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to___35___that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization,___36___less.
Another trend is off-site or___37___management, where teams of people___38___by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers___39___the performance of the team members___40___what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
21. A. neglect B. avoid C. overwhelm D. emphasize
22. A. potential B. privilege C. principle D. perseverance
23. A. contrary B. measure C. extent D. extreme
24. A. vice versa B. by coincidence C. for instance D. or else
25. A. procedure B. consultation C. submission D. regulation
26. A. irreplaceable B. ridiculous C. democratic D. authoritarian
27. A. domain B. nature C. quantity D. alternative
28. A. sacrifice B. subscribe C. contribute D. cater
29. A. approval B. objection C. election D. practice
30. A. aggressive B. superior C. experienced D. male
31. A. infuse B. persuade C. urge D. expose
32. A. estimating B. reducing C. attaining D. zooming
33. A. left B. surrounded C. flooded D. satisfied
34. A. tremendously B. thoroughly C. ultimately D. conventionally
35. A. assume B. claim C. guarantee D. abolish
36. A. apart from B. other than C. rather than D. owing to
37. A. visual B. virtual C. inadequately D. occasionally
38. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure
39. A. visual B. virtual C. ineffective D. available
40. A. in terms of B. for the sake of C. compared to D. in spite of
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Nowadays 5G is very popular among customers，but China is looking past 5G and intending___41.___(build)a 6G network. China is starting research into 6G，___42.___(make) it one of the first countries to do so. The actual development of 6G wilt___43.___(official) begin in 2020，but the commercial use will have to wait.
The___44.___(arrive)of 5G has attracted a lot of people. It not only brings fast mobile Internet，but also___45.___(enable)us to connect with machines. So___46.___is 6G supposed to bring，especially for ordinary people? For one thing，___47.___will make mobile Internet work at a speed of 1 TB per second，which means you can download around 100 films ___48.___less than one second. For another，6G will connect our devices___49.___(efficiently) than 5G，which makes Internet coverage much wider.
Of course，there is a long way to go yet，_____50._____I believe tomorrow’s Internet is in our hands. Our life in the future will be wonderful and fantastic.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改句子,请你修改你同桌写的以下句子。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句只有一处错误，且仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposing to cholera.
He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) have had no deaths.
Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion which the earth was not the center of the solar system.
Only if you put the sun there the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
I have to remind I constantly that I am really in AD 3008.
The next day Pingyu was leaving London to Windsor Castle.
I realized that I had been transported into the future of where was still my hometown.
You have three layers of the skin which acts as a barrier against disease, poisons and the sun’s harmful rays.
The skin will turn white when presses.
It is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.星光中学（Xingguang High School）近期举行了一次登山活动。

假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。

内容包括：
1.时间与地点：5月1日，大青山（Daqing Mountain）；
2.活动的过程：从山脚到山顶约两小时。

到山顶看见古庙有乱刻乱画现象，山林有砍伐迹象，呼吁保护文化遗产，保护生态环境；
3.你对于这次活动的评论。

注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。

In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise, our school organized an activity—mountain climbing on May 1.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. C
8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D
12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
16. B 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. E
21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32.
B 33. A 34. D 35.
C 36. C 37. B 38.
D 39. D 40. A
41. to build
42. making 43. officially
44. arrival
45. enables
46. what 47. it
48. in/ within
49. more efficiently
50. but
51.(1). exposing→exposed
(2). have→had或去掉have
(3). which→that
(4). 在there后面加did/do
(5). I→myself
(6). to→for (7). where→what
(8). acts→act
(9). presses→pressed
(10). It→There
【51题详解】
考查过去分词。

句意：当他想到帮助那些感染霍乱的普通人时，他就受到了启发。

名词people和expose是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，作名词people的后置定语。

故将exposing改为exposed。

【52题详解】
考查时态。

句意：他还注意到一些房屋（如20号和21号布罗德街，8号和9号剑桥街）没有死亡。

由主句谓语noticed可知，时态为一般过去时，从句谓语动词have此动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had had；或从句讲的事情已发生，也用一般过去时，去掉have。

故将have改为had或去掉have。

【53题详解】
考查同位语从句引导词。

句意：尽管他曾试图忽它们，但他所有的数学计算都得出了同样的结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。

conclusion后接同位语从句（the earth was not the center of the solar system），从句结构完整，不缺“是否”含义，用只起连接作用、无意义的that引导从句。

故将which改为that。

【54题详解】
考查助动词。

句意：只有把太阳放在那里，天空中其他行星的运动才有意义。

由句意可知，本句即可表过去发生的事，也可表现在发生的事，时态用一般过去时或一般现在时，还原句子为：Only if you put the sun there the movements of the other planets in the sky made/make sense，“only +状语”放句首，主谓部分倒装，即助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+部分谓语，本句把助动词did/do放在主语the movements of the other planets in the sky前。

故在there后面加did/do。

【55题详解】
考查代词。

句意：我不得不不断提醒我自己，我真的是在公元3008年。

主语I和宾语I都是指“我”，宾语用反身代词myself。

故将I改为myself。

【56题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：第二天，萍玉要离开伦敦去温莎城堡。

固定搭配leave…for…（离开……去……）。

故将to改为for。

【57题详解】
考查宾语从句引导词。

句意：我意识到我已经被带到了我家乡的未来。

介词of后接宾语从句（was still my hometown），从句缺乏主语，用what引导。

故将where改what。

【58题详解】
考查主谓一致。

句意：你的皮肤有三层，可以作为抵抗疾病、毒物和太阳有害射线的屏障。

本句讲的是事实，用一般现在时，先行词three layers of the skin（复数）后接定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，主谓一致，谓语复数形式，用act。

故将acts改为act。

【59题详解】
考查省略句。

句意：按压时皮肤会变白。

本句为状语从句的省略，还原为：when the skin is pressed, 主从句主语相同，且谓语动词为be动词，主语和be动词可以省略。

故将presses改为pressed。

【60题详解】
考查固定句型。

句意：毫无疑问，约翰的快速思维和他在学校学到的急救技能救了斯莱德女士的命。

固定句型There is no doubt that（毫无疑问……）。

故将It改为There
52.略。