1.1英语简单句五种基本句型SVO讲解、练习测试、打印版——学生用.docx

1.1英语简单句五种基本句型SVO讲解、练习测试、打印版——学生用.docx
1.1英语简单句五种基本句型SVO讲解、练习测试、打印版——学生用.docx

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题

一、句子成份

英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。

顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be 结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和

倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形

容词和主语从句等表示。例如:

(乡村音乐) has become more and more popular.(名词)

(我们) often speak English in class. (代词)

(三分之一) of the students in this class are girls. (数词)

(游泳)in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)(吸烟)does harm to the health.(动名词)

(富人)should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)

(什么时候我们参加考试)has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary(学会一门外语) .(it 作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)

2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。

1)简单谓语:We(学习) for the people.

2)复合谓语:I(可以说) a little English.

We(正在读) books. He(已经去了) to Beijing..

3、表语 : 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。

My sister is(一个护士) .The ruler must be(在你的包里)(介Is it(你的) ?(代词)词短语)

The weather has turned cold.(形容词)Time is(到了) . The class is(结束) .(副词)The speech is exciting.(分词)The truth is(他没有去过Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)国外) .(表语从句)

His job is(教英语).(不定式)

His hobby(爱好) is (打篮球)

(动名词)

4、宾语:宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like(英语) .

How many dictionaries do you have? I have(5本字典) .(数词)

They helped(老人) with their housework yesterday. (名词化形容词)

It began(下雨) .(不定式短语)

I enjoy (喜欢听流行音乐).(动名词短语)

I think (他适合 be fit for这份工作)(宾语从句)

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。

He gave (给我一些墨水).

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:We make(让他成为我们的班长monitor).

5、宾补 : 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的I see you(正在横穿马路) .

His father named him David .(名词)

They painted (涂漆)their boat(白色的) .(形容词)

Let the fresh (新鲜的)air (进来) .(副词)

You mustn’ t force him.(不定式短语)

We saw her(正走进办公室) .(现在分词)

We found everything in the lab(井然有序 order ).(介词短语)

6、定语 : 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。He is(新生)student.但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。

The bike(在那个方房间)is mine.

Guilin is a(漂亮的)city.(形容词)

China is a(发展中)country; America is a(发达)country.(分词)

There are thirty(女性的)teachers is our school.(名词)

(她的) progress(进步) in English made us surprised. (代词)

Our monitor (班长)is always the first(进教室的人).(不定式短语)

He is reading an article( 文章 )(关于如何学好英语).(介词短语)

7、状语 : 修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。

副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。He lives(在伦敦).

Light travels(最快的).(副词及副词性词组)

He has lived in the city(十年了) .(介词短语)

He is sorry( 打扰你了).(不定式短语)

He is in the room.(制造了一架模型飞机)(分词短语)

(一旦你开始) , you must continue. (状语从句)

状语种类如下:

How about meeting again(六点钟)?(时间状语)

Last night she didn’ t go to the dance party(由于下雨).(原因状语)

I shall go there(假如不下雨).(条件状语)

Mr Smith lives(在三楼).(地点状语)

She put the eggs into the basket(小心翼翼的).(方式状语)

She came in(手里边拿着一本字典).(伴随状语)

(为了赶上其他人) , I must work harder. (目的状语)( in order to )He was so tired(以至于他立马就睡着了).(结果状语)

She works very hard(尽管他年龄很大).(让步状语)

I am taller(比他高).(比较状语)

一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:

1.The students got on the school bus.

2.He handed me the newspaper.

3.I shall answer your question after class.

4.His job is to train swimmers.

5.He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

6.His wish is to become a scientist.

7.He wants to finish the work in time.

简单句的五种基本句型8.Tom came to ask me for advice (建议) .

9.He found it important to master English.

10.Do you have anything else to say?

11.Would you please tell me your address?

12.He sat there, reading a newspaper.

13.It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

14. He noticed (注意到) a man enter the room.

15. The apples tasted sweet.

英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下:

S 十 V 主谓结构主语+不及物动词

S 十 V 十 P 主系表结构主语+连系动词+表语

S十V十O主谓宾结构主语+及物动词+宾语

S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构

S十V十O十 C主谓宾补结构

判断类型和句子成分:

She came.She likes English.She is happy.

The teacher asked me to read the passage.She bought a book for me.

She gave John a book.My head aches.

She makes her mother angry.The sun was shining.The moon rose.

They talked for half an hour.他们谈了半个小时。

The dinner smells good.午餐的气味很好。Everything looks different.一切看来都不同了。

He is growing tall and strong.他长得又高又壮。His face turned red. 他的脸红了。

Who knows the answer?谁知道答案?He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。

I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。He bought you a dictionary.

She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。

I showed him my pictures.I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。

He showed me how to run the machine.他教我开机器

What makes him think so?他怎么会这样想?

The children are playing happily.The Greens enjoy living in China.

He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。

The apple pie tastes really delicious.苹果派吃起来真是好吃。

基本句型一:S十V主谓结构

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise,

如:学生们学习很努力。_____________________________________

基本句型二 : S 十 V 十 P 主系表结构常见的系动词有:be(是 ); get(变得 ), become(成为 ), turn( 变得 ), look( 看起来 ), feel( 感到 ), smell( 闻起来 ), taste(尝起来 ), sound(听起来 ), seem(似乎 )

A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain,

等等。

1) We should __________ __________ any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。

2) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.

B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove, 等等。如:

1)Spring comes. It is ______________________________. 春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。

2)Don't have the food. _______________________________. 不要吃那种食物,它已经变质了。

基本句型三 : S 十 V 十 O 主谓宾结构

1) 我昨天看了一部电影。________________________________________________.

2) They have ________ ________ _________ of the children .这些孩子他们照看得很好。

基本句型四 : S 十 V 十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write 等。

间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有:buy, choose, make, order, paint, play( 演奏 ), sing,等。

1) Yesterday her father _______________ ________ _____ ____________ as a birthday present.

昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

2) The old man ___ ________ ____ __________ _________ in the Long March.(正在给孩子们讲故事)

这种句型还可转换为:动词+直接宾语+for/ to sb.

3) Please show me your picture. ==Please _________ ________ __________ _____ _____.

请把你的画给我看一下。

4) I _______ _______ the salt. = I _______the salt _____ _____.我把书递给他。

基本句型五 : S 十 V 十 O 十 C 主谓宾补结构此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只

跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。call(叫) , choose(选) , find(发现) , make, name(命名 )

1) Keep ________________________________, please.请让孩子们安静下来。

2) They painted ______ ______ ________.他们把门漆成绿色。

3) We must ______ ______ ________ ______.我们必须保持我们的学校洁。

4) He asked me _______ ________ ________ soon.他要我早点回来。

5)我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。______________________________________________.

注意:动词 have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch 等后面接动词不定式作宾补时,不带 to。如:6)The boss ________ _______ _________ all day. ( 迫使他劳动 )

7) We saw _____ _________. ( 他出去 )。

考点突破训练

1.I am sorry to have kept you______ A to wait B wait C waited D waiting

2.I felt somebody ______ me. A touch B touched C to touch D touches

3.He taught me _____ speak English. A how should B how C how can I D how to

4.I shall make your dream ______. A coming truly B come true C to come true D comes true

5.He told _____ home. A us not to go B we not go C us not go D us to not go

6.I think _____ a good habit to get up early. A this B it C that D its

7.Roses in bloom smell ______. A sweeten B sweetly C sweet D sweetness

8.The weather ____. A. wet and cold B. is wet and cold C. not wet and cold D. were wet and cold

9.The apple tasted ____. A. sweets B. sweetly C. nicely D. sweet

10.He got up ____ yesterday morning. A. lately B. late C. latest D. latter

11.____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.

A. We, us

B. Us, we

C. We, our

D. We, we

12.I think _____necessary (必要的)to learn English well.

A. its

B. it

C. that

D. that is

13.The dog ____ mad (疯的) .

A. looks

B. is looked

C. is being looked

D. was looked

判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:

1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.

2.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.

3. There is a chair in this room, isn’ t there?

4.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.

5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.

6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.

7.Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.

8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’ t it?

9.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.

10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.

大学英语作文开头结尾万能句型

大学英语作文开头结尾万能句型 英语写作有其特定的套路, 句式句型就是其中之一。 以下是小编带来的资料, 希望对你有帮助。 开头万能公式 1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言
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英语简单句的五种基本句型

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英语五大基本句型结构 基本句型一: SV(主+谓) Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词(英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of,at后方可跟上宾语。具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了,如listen to,look at….),不及物动词常见的有:appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise(好像还有所有的感官动词(如以上的listen——Eragon注)等等。如: The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。 She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。 The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。(happen是不及物动词,但表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用“sth.+ h appen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情;表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达——Eragon注) 基本句型二: SVP(主谓表)(好像有的叫SVC(主系表)——Eragon注) Subject(主语)+Link.V(系动词)+redicate(表语)(表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell 等词)之后。——Eragon注) 这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类: (1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如: Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上。 We should remain modest and prudent any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎。This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很差。 The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。 (2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如: Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和。Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了。 The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的。 基本句型三: SVO(主谓宾) Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语)(宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。——Eragon注) 这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时,句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是:名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如: You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里。 Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。

大学英语三级作文常用句型

大学英语三级作文常用句型 问题的常用词:question,problem,issue Recently,the issue of 。。。。。。has been brought into public focus. 近来,_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。 Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations,and great changes have taken place in people…s attitude towards some traditional practice. 现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代,很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。 Recently the issue of whether or not 。。。has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public. 近来,是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。 The issue whether it is good or not to 。。。。has aroused a heated discussion all over the country. ______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。 At present,some people think 。。。.while others claim 。。.Both sides have their merits. 目前,一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实,两种观点都其可取之处。 People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue. 对于这种极具争议的话题,我们很难作出绝对的回答。

大学英语写作万能句型

英语作文万能句型(一)段首句 1. 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many

cases even today. 3. 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things

worse is that______. 4. 现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides,______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有

有利的一面,也有不利的一面。 NO gardens are without weeds and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages. 8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。

hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

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