高中英语八大时态全套精讲

基础课程教学资料

高中英语八大时态全套精讲

英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例)：

时态

一般时进行时完成时完成进行时

现在study be studying have studied have been studying

过去studied be studying had studied had been studying

将来will study will be studying will have studied will have been

studying

过去将来would study would be

studying would have

studied

would have been

studying

.1 一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.

3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak

well.

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.

第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

二. 构成及变化

1、be动词的变化

肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker. 他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

2、行为动词的变化

当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.

否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school.

一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它? 如：Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句? 如：What do you often do after school ?

当主语为第三人称单数时,助动词为does

肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如：He swims well.

否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。

如：He doesn’t swim well..

一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。

如：Does he swim well ?

Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?

如：How does your father go to work?

三、第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式)

(1)多数动词直接加s:

runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs…….

(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es :

watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes

(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es:

study→studies fly→flies carry→carries cry→cries

但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:

buys says

2 一般过去时的用法

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…) last night (week, month, year…), a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago…just now,等。

Where did you go just now?

2) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去时。

例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours

without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条

长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。）He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。）3) 有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。情态动词could, would.

例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借车用一用，可以吗？）

Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在这里吗？）

典型例题

---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.

---- It's 69568442.