atmel-8272-8-bit-avr-microcontroller-atmega164a_pa-324a_pa-644a_pa-1284_p_summary

合集下载

Arduino的ARM芯片控制板详解

Arduino的ARM芯片控制板详解对于Arduino，大多数人或许只见过Arduino UNO,因为Arduino UNO采用的是8位AVR的单片机，再加上官方函数库的整合的深度，使得即使不是学电子的同学，也能很快上手。

下面来看一下这一款最火的8位Arduino的参数：单片机：atmega328p工作电压：5v输入电压：7-12v数字I/O引脚14个PWM数字I/O引脚6个模拟输入插脚6个直流电流/ I/O引脚:20 mAFlash内存32kb ，其中的0.5 KB用于引导加载程序SRAM：2 KBeepm：1KB晶振：16M重量：25克基于ARM Cortex-M3的Arduino DUEArduino UNO是基于Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 CPU的微控制器板。

它也是第一个基于32位ARM核心微控制器的Arduino板。

Arduino DUE的主要参数如下：单片机：AT91SAM3X8E工作电压：3.3v输入电压：7-12v(推荐)数字I/O引脚：54个(其中12个提供PWM输出)模拟输入插脚：12个模拟输出引脚：2个 (DAC)所有I/O线130 mA的直流输出电流为用户应用程序提供的闪存：512 KBSRAM：96kb时钟速度：84M重量：36克Final基于ARM Cortex-M3的Arduino UDE比起8位的AVR版的UNO，无论是性能还是存储上，都实现了质的飞跃，比如UNO的SRAM是2KB，而Arduino UDE的SRAM达到了“逆天”的96KB,这就更使得Arduino有了更多用武之地。

Atmel-8271-8-bit-AVR-Microcontroller-ATmega48A-48PA-88A-88PA-168A-168PA-328-328P_datasheet_Summary

ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P
ATMEL 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER WITH 4/8/16/32KBYTES IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMABLE FLASH DATASHEET SUMMARY Features

High Performance, Low Power Atmel®AVR® 8-Bit Microcontroller Family Advanced RISC Architecture ̶ 131 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution ̶ 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers ̶ Fully Static Operation ̶ Up to 20 MIPS Throughput at 20MHz ̶ On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier High Endurance Non-volatile Memory Segments ̶ 4/8/16/32KBytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash program memory ̶ 256/512/512/1KBytes EEPROM ̶ 512/1K/1K/2KBytes Internal SRAM ̶ Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM ̶ Data retention: 20 years at 85C/100 years at 25C(1) ̶ Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program True Read-While-Write Operation ̶ Programming Lock for Software Security Atmel® QTouch® library support ̶ Capacitive touch buttons, sliders and wheels ̶ QTouch and QMatrix® acquisition ̶ Up to 64 sense channels Peripheral Features ̶ Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler and Compare Mode ̶ One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture Mode ̶ Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator ̶ Six PWM Channels ̶ 8-channel 10-bit ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package Temperature Measurement ̶ 6-channel 10-bit ADC in PDIP Package Temperature Measurement ̶ Programmable Serial USART ̶ Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface ̶ Byte-oriented 2-wire Serial Interface (Philips I2C compatible) ̶ Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator ̶ On-chip Analog Comparator ̶ Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin Change

ATMEGA128--AVR教程

AVR教程（1）：AVR单片机介绍作者：微雪电子文章来源：点击数： 478 更新时间：2008-4-1 23:58:21 AVR，它来源于：1997年，由ATMEL公司挪威设计中心的A先生与V先生利用ATMEL公司的Flash新技术，共同研发出RISC精简指令集的高速8位单片机，简称AVR。

AVR单片机特点每种MCU都有自身的优点与缺点，与其它8-bit MCU相比，AVR 8-bit MCU最大的特点是：●哈佛结构，具备1MIPS / MHz的高速运行处理能力；●超功能精简指令集（RISC），具有32个通用工作寄存器，克服了如8051 MCU采用单一ACC 进行处理造成的瓶颈现象；●快速的存取寄存器组、单周期指令系统，大大优化了目标代码的大小、执行效率，部分型号FLASH非常大，特别适用于使用高级语言进行开发；●作输出时与PIC的HI/LOW相同，可输出40mA（单一输出），作输入时可设置为三态高阻抗输入或带上拉电阻输入，具备10mA-20mA灌电流的能力；●片内集成多种频率的RC振荡器、上电自动复位、看门狗、启动延时等功能，外围电路更加简单，系统更加稳定可靠；●大部分AVR片上资源丰富：带E2PROM，PWM，RTC，SPI，UART，TWI，ISP，AD，Analog Comp arator，WDT等；●大部分AVR除了有ISP功能外，还有IAP功能，方便升级或销毁应用程序。

●性价比高。

开发AVR单片机，需要哪些编译器、调试器？软件名称类型简介官方网址AVR Studio IDE、汇编编译器ATMEL AVR Studio集成开发环境(IDE)，可使用汇编语言进行开发（使用其它语言需第三方软件协助），集软硬件仿真、调试、下载编程于一体。

ATMEL官方及市面上通用的AVR开发工具都支持AVRStudio。

GCCAVR (WinAVR) C编译器GCC是Linux的唯一开发语言。

GCC的编译器优化程度可以说是目前世界上民用软件中做的最好的，另外，它有一个非常大优点是，免费！在国外，使用它的人几乎是最多的。

ATmega128L单片机的Micro+SD卡读写

ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡要求用全双工、８位的ＳＰＩ操作。ＡＴｍｅｇａｌ２８Ｌ单片机和ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡之间只需要４根信号线就可以完成数据的读写，当ＣＳ信号线为低电平时，主
机开始所有的总线传输。数据从单片机的ＭＯＳＩ引脚同步输入ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡的ＤＩ引脚，并由ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡的Ｄ０线同步输入单片机的ＭＩＳＯ引脚，数据在ＣＬＫ信号的上升沿同步输入和输出。在每个数据传输的结尾还必须提供８个额外的时钟，以允许ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡完成任何未完结的操作。由于ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡的电压为３．３Ｖ，所以选择需要支持３．３Ｖ的Ｉ／Ｏ端口输出的ＡＴｍｅｇａｌ２８Ｌ单片机。另外，使用ＳＰＩ模式时，为了防止在无卡接人或卡驱动器呈高阻态时总线悬空，根据ＳＤ卡规范，这些信号需要在主机端用１０ｋｆｌ￣ｌＯＯｋＱ的上拉电阻。其硬件连接电路如图１所示。
模式选择信息，因为卡选择（ＣＳ）引脚在该命令和其他所
有ＳＰＩ命令传送过程中都保持为低电平。ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡以
Ｒｌ作为响应。空闲状态位被置为高电平，此时ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ
卡进入空闲状态，此阶段的ＳＰＩ时钟频率不能超过４００
ｋＨｚ（将ＳＰＣＲ寄存器设置为０ｘ５３）。ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡进入
ＳＰＩ模式后，主机应该先发一条初始化指令ＣＭＤｌ。此时
／／打开文件
ｉｆ（ＦＡＴ＿Ｄｅｌｌｔｅｍ（＆ＦｉｌｅＩｎｆｏ））ｒｅｔｕｒｎ１，／／删除文件记录项
ｒｅｔｕｒｎ０；
｝
结语
本设计将ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡的存储方式应用到电脑横机控制系统中，简化了花型文件数据存储设计，减小了系统的尺寸，提高了系统的可靠性，使得花型文件的读出和存取简单易行，裁剪了ＦＡＴ３２实现了嵌入式文件系统，提高了系统的存储能力。采用ＡＴｍｅｇａｌ２８Ｌ高性能单片机的串行外设接口ｓＰＩ，满足访问ＭｉｃｒｏＳＤ卡的功能要求，加快了整个系统的设计进程。实践证明，该文件系统读取Ｍｉ— ｃｒｏＳＤ卡上花型文件的速度满足该控制系统的要求。该嵌入式文件系统只需对底层驱动进行简单修改就可移植

MEMORY存储芯片ATMEGA8A-AU中文规格书

Low-Power AVR 8-bit Microcontroller Data Sheet Summary IntroductionThe ATmega8A is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR® enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega8A achieves throughputs close to 1 MIPS per MHz. This empowers system designers to optimize the device for power consumption versus processing speed.Features•High-performance, Low-power AVR 8-bit Microcontroller•Advanced RISC Architecture–130 powerful instructions - most single-clock cycle execution–32 x 8 general purpose working registers–Fully static operation–Up to 16 MIPS throughput at 16 MHz–On-chip 2-cycle multiplier•High Endurance Nonvolatile Memory segments–8 KB of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory–512B EEPROM– 1 KB internal SRAM–Write/erase cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM–Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C(1)–Optional boot code section with independent lock bits•In-system programming by on-chip boot program•True read-while-write operation–Programming lock for software security•Microchip QTouch® library support–Capacitive touch buttons, sliders and wheels–QTouch and QMatrix acquisition–Up to 64 sense channels•Peripheral Features–Two 8-bit timer/counters with separate prescaler, one compare mode–One 16-bit timer/counter with separate prescaler, compare mode, and capture mode–Real-time counter with separate oscillator–Three PWM channels–8-channel ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package11.Packaging Information 11.1 32-pin 32A11.2 28-pin 28P311.3 32-pin 32M1-AErrata。

ATmega128 单片机硬件电路设计

ATmega128 单片机硬件电路设计在本系统中，本小节主要讲ATmega128 单片机的内部资源、工作原理和硬件电路设计等。

2.5.1 ATmega128 芯片介绍ATmega128 为基于AVR RISC 结构的8 位低功耗CMOS 微处理器。

片内ISP Flash 可以通过SPI 接口、通用编程器，或引导程序多次编程。

引导程序可以使用任何接口来下载应用程序到应用Flash 存储器。

通过将8 位RISC CPU 与系统内可编程的Flash 集成在一个芯片内，ATmega128 为许多嵌入式控制应用提供了灵活而低成本的方案。

ATmega128 单片机的功能特点如下：（1）高性能、低功耗的AVR 8 位微处理器（2）先进的RISC 结构①133 条指令大多数可以在一个时钟周期内完成② 32x8 个通用工作寄存器+外设控制寄存器③全静态工作④工作于16 MHz 时性能高达16 MIPS ⑤只需两个时钟周期的硬件乘法器（3）非易失性的程序和数据存储器① 128K 字节的系统内可编程Flash ②寿命: 10，000 次写/ 擦除周期③具有独立锁定位、可选择的启动代码区（4）通过片内的启动程序实现系统内编程① 4K 字节的EEPROM ② 4K 字节的内部SRAM ③多达64K 字节的优化的外部存储器空间④可以对锁定位进行编程以实现软件加密⑤可以通过SPI 实现系统内编程（5）JTAG 接口（与IEEE 1149.1 标准兼容）①遵循JTAG 标准的边界扫描功能②支持扩展的片内调试③通过JTAG 接口实现对Flash，EEPROM，熔丝位和锁定位的编程（6）外设特点①两个具有独立的预分频器和比较器功能的8 位定时器/ 计数器②两个具有预分频器、比较功能和捕捉功能的16 位定时器/ 计数器③具有独立预分频器的实时时钟计数器④两路8 位PWM ⑤ 6 路分辨率可编程（2 到16 位）的PWM ⑥输出比较调制器⑦ 8 路10 位ADC ⑧面向字节的两线接口⑨两个可编程的串行USART ⑩可工作于主机/ 从机模式的SPI 串行接口（7）特殊的处理器特点①上电复位以及可编程的掉电检测②片内经过标定的RC 振荡器③片内/ 片外中断源④ 6 种睡眠模式: 空闲模式、ADC 噪声抑制模式、省电模式、掉电模式、Standby 模式以及扩展的Standby 模式⑤可以通过软件进行选择的时钟频率⑥通过熔丝位可以选择ATmega103 兼容模式⑦全局上拉禁止功能ATmega128 芯片有64 个引脚，其中60 个引脚具有I/O 口功能，资源比较丰富，下面对ATmega128 的各个引脚做简单介绍：VCC：数字电路的电源。

Atmel ATmegaS128 微控制器商品说明书

The new Atmel ® AVR ® ATmegaS128 microcontroller (MCU) brings the industry-leading AVR core to the aerospace industry. The ATmegaS128 MCU is designed for enhanced radiation performance and increased reliability in space applications. It takes advantage of mature Atmel AVR tools designed and used in the mass market worldwide for many years. The ATmegaS128 microcontroller targets many of the most common space applications, which typically require a small footprint, low power and analog control of motors and sensors.Key FeaturesHigh-performance, Low-power 8-bit Atmel AVR MCU• Advanced RISC architecture / Up to 8MIPS• On-chip 2-cycle multiplier• 3V-3.6V / 0 - 8MHz operating voltages & speed grades High-endurance Non-volatile Memory • 128 Kbytes of Flash program memory• 4 Kbytes EEPROM – 4 Kbytes internal SRAM1Advance Risc Architecture 8 Mips3.0 3-55 • Up to 64 Kbytes optionalexternal memory space • SPI interface for in-system programmingPeripheral Features • Two 8-bit and two 16-bit timers/counters • 6 PWM channels • 8-channel, 10-bit ADC• TWI/USARTs/SPI serial interface • Programmable watchdog timer • On-chip analog comparator Special Microcontroller Features• Power-on reset and programmable brown-out detection• Internal calibrated RC oscillator • External and internal interrupt sources• Six Sleep modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby, and Extended StandbyKey Highlights for Space Environment• Full wafer lot traceability • 64-lead ceramic package (CQFP) • Space screening • Space qualification• Total ionizing Dose: up to 30 Krad (Si)• Single event latch-up LET > 62.5MeV.cm²/mg• Single event upset LET > 3 MeV.cm²/mg•SEU 10-3 to 10-1 error/ device/dayATmegaS128 Starter kitTo ease your design process and reduce time-to-market, Atmel delivers a complete starter kit STK600 and development system for the ATmegaS128 AVR microcontroller. With its advanced features for proto-typing and testing new designs, the kit gives designers a head start for developing code on AVR devices. Customers can start with the industrial version using the ATmega128 MCU or the Space Version ATme-gaS128 device as both share the same pinout.Atmel Corporation 1600 Technology Drive, San Jose, CA 95110 USA T : (+1)(408) 441. 0311 F : (+1)(408) 436. 4200 | © 2015 Atmel Corporation. / Rev.: Atmel-45160A-ATmegaS128-Aerospace-Rad-Tolerant-Flyer_E_US_102015Atmel,® Atmel logo and combinations thereof, Enabling Unlimited Possibilities,® and others are registered trademarks or trademarks of Atmel Corporation in U. S. and other countries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others.Disclaimer: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Atmel products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE ATMEL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALES LOCATED ON THE ATMEL WEBSITE, ATMEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTY RE-LATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS AND PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF ATMEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Atmel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and products descriptions at any time without notice. Atmel does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. Unless specifically provided otherwise, Atmel products are not suitable for, and shall not be used in, automotive applications. Atmel products are not intended, authorized, or warranted for use as components in applications intended to support or sustain life.Atmel StudioAtmel Studio is the integrated development platform (IDP) for developing and debugging Atmel AVR and Atmel | SMART ARM ® processor-based MCU applications. The Atmel Studio IDP gives you a seamless and easy-to-use environment to write, build and debug your applications written in C/C++ or assembly code. Atmel Studio supports all 8- and 32-bit AVR MCUs. It also connects seamlessly to Atmel debuggers and development kits.Atmel Software FrameworkThe Atmel Software Framework (ASF) is an MCU software library providing a 1,600 project examples of embedded software for Atmel Flash-based MCUs, including AVR and Atmel | SMART devices. This library contains basic C code examples for all ATmegaS128 peripherals.Application NotesIn addition to the Atmel Software framework, Atmel provides a broad range of application notes to implement different peripherals of the ATmegaS128 device. Most of those ap-plication notes are provided with source code in C language.。

常用的单片机品牌和型号介绍

常用的单片机品牌和型号介绍单片机（Microcontroller）是一种集成了微处理器核心、存储器和各种外设接口的集成电路，广泛应用于嵌入式系统中。

单片机能够完成各种控制和计算任务，因此在电子领域中使用非常广泛。

本文将介绍几个常用的单片机品牌和型号，以帮助读者选择适合自己项目的单片机。

一、STMicroelectronicsSTMicroelectronics（意法半导体）是全球领先的半导体供应商之一，提供多种单片机产品。

其中，STM32系列是STMicroelectronics最为著名的单片机系列之一，基于ARM Cortex-M内核。

STM32系列广泛应用于各种嵌入式设备，具有高性能、低功耗等特点。

常见的型号包括STM32F0、STM32F1、STM32F4等，适用于不同的应用场景。

二、AtmelAtmel是一家美国公司，也是全球最大的单片机供应商之一。

Atmel的AVR系列单片机以其高性能和易用性而闻名。

AVR系列单片机具有低功耗、快速执行速度和丰富的外设接口，非常适合于各种嵌入式应用。

其中，ATmega328P是最常用的型号之一，广泛使用于Arduino开发板等项目中。

三、Texas InstrumentsTexas Instruments（德州仪器）是一家世界领先的半导体公司，提供多种单片机产品。

MSP430系列是Texas Instruments的一系列低功耗、高集成度的单片机产品，适用于各种便携式设备和电池供电系统。

MSP430系列单片机具有强大的外设功能和丰富的存储器选项，常见的型号有MSP430G2553、MSP430F5529等。

四、MicrochipMicrochip是一家专注于微控制器和模拟半导体的供应商，其PIC 单片机系列非常知名。

PIC系列单片机具有低功耗、高稳定性和广泛的外设接口，适用于各种应用场景。

其中，PIC16F877A是最常用的型号之一，常见于工业自动化、家电控制等领域。

基于ATMEGA328P的无线TALLY系统

基于ATMEGA328P的无线TALLY系统摘要：本文介绍了一种基于ATMEGA328P和汇承HC-12传输模块的无线TALLY 系统，该系统具响应快速，显示准确，传输稳定，性价比高等特点。

文章从工作原理、电路设计、元器件选型、程序开放等方面对该系统进行了简要阐述。

关键字：无线TAllY系统 ATMEGA328P一、研发背景近年来，EFP电子现场制作（Electronic Field Production）系统凭借其灵活、机动、便携等特点，在突发事件的新闻报道工作中使用频率逐渐提高，索尼AWS-750便携切换台在EFP系统中得到广泛的应用。

根据平日转播工作的实际情况，急需一种灵活、可靠的摄像机切灯提示系统，来提示摄像师，导播正在使用此台摄像机的拍摄画面，不要对此台摄像机进行不必要的调整。

切灯提示系统保证了摄像师构图的稳定性，提升了节目播出的安全性。

基于ATMEGA328P微控制器，配合汇承HC-12无线串口通讯模块的无线切灯提示系统，可满足在日常转播工作中，编辑部门对切灯提示的需求，此系统在满足EFP 系统节目制作的同时，也能够在转播车系统中使用。

项目拥有良好的可扩展性和高可用性，运维成本低廉，符合立项的需求。

二、项目概况为了延续EFP系统灵活机动的特性，计划设计一套无线切灯提示系统，采取一发多收的模式。

接收端可放置于摄像机的机头灯安装位上如图1所示，这样可以不用考虑摄像机的品牌和型号，适配程度显著提升。

设计使用OLED显示屏显示，通讯状态、本机讯道号和主切讯道号如图2所示。

设计使用内外切灯对摄像师和主持人进行分别的提示，可显示红、绿、黄三色，主切、预切、主预同切三种切灯如图3所示。

系统设置开机自检程序，设计电源提示灯，方便判断各元器件的工作状况。

断电后本机讯道号不丢失。

使用三档拨轮开关分别调整本机讯道号，和LED灯珠亮度，以适应各种场景。

本系统，还应兼容日常工作中的转播车系统所使用的其他型号切换台，可对斯坦尼康、无线讯道、轨道摄像机等特种设备，进行切灯提示。

Atmel微控制器产品参考指南说明书

quick reference guide
AVR for LCD Control
ATmega169P ATmega329P ATmega329 ATmega3290P ATmega3290 ATmega649 ATmega6490
Application Oriented
AVR for USB Connectivity
Flash Programming
Flexible Programming Implementation
Self-Program using any physical link!
In-System Programming
Parallel JTAG
The programming channels can be disabled to avoid any further download !
Product Range
Atmel microcontrollers - success through innovation
Product Range
&
quick reference guide
Product Range
Product Range
Product Families
tinyAVR® megaAVR® XMEGA™
AVR for Remote Access Control
AVR MCUs Are Designed to Program Themselves at Your Command
Flash Programming
&
quick reference guide
Self-Programming Flash – Key Benefits

ATMEGA1284P中文资料

ATMEGA1284P中⽂资料FeaturesHigh-performance, Low-power AVR 8-bit Microcontroller Advanced RISC Architecture–131 Powerful Instructions – Most Single-clock Cycle Execution –32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers –Fully Static Operation–Up to 20 MIPS Throughput at 20 MHz–On-chip 2-cycle MultiplierNonvolatile Program and Data Memories–128K Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable FlashEndurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles–Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock BitsIn-System Programming by On-chip Boot ProgramTrue Read-While-Write Operation–4K Bytes EEPROMEndurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles–16K Bytes Internal SRAM–Programming Lock for Software SecurityJTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 Compliant) Interface–Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard–Extensive On-chip Debug Support–Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface ?Peripheral Features –Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalers and Compare Modes–Two 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture Mode–Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator–Six PWM Channels–8-channel, 10-bit ADCDifferential mode with selectable gain at 1x, 10x or 200x–Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface–Two Programmable Serial USART–Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface–Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator–On-chip Analog Comparator–Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin ChangeSpecial Microcontroller Features–Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection–Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator–External and Internal Interrupt Sources–Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby and Extended Standby I/O and Packages–32 Programmable I/O Lines–40-pin PDIP, 44-lead TQFP, and 44-pad QFN/MLFOperating Voltages–1.8 - 5.5V for ATmega1284PSpeed Grades–0 - 4 MHz @ 1.8 - 5.5V–0 - 10 MHz @ 2.7 - 5.5V–0 - 20 MHz @ 4.5 - 5.5VPower Consumption at 1 MHz, 1.8V, 25°C–Active: TBD µA–Power-down Mode: TBD µA–Power-save Mode: TBD µA (Including 32 kHz RTC)8-bit Microcontrollerwith 128K BytesIn-System ProgrammableATmega1284P Preliminary28059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P1.Pin ConfigurationsFigure 1-1.Pinout ATmega1284PNote:The large center pad underneath the QFN/MLF package should be soldered to ground on theboard to ensure good mechanical stability.38059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P2.OverviewThe ATmega1284P is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega1284P achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.2.1Block DiagramFigure 2-1.Block DiagramThe AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than con-ventional CISC microcontrollers.48059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284PThe ATmega1284P provides the following features: 128K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 4K bytes EEPROM, 16K bytes SRAM, 32 general pur-pose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, Real Time Counter (RTC), three flexible Timer/Counters with compare modes and PWM, 2 USARTs, a byte oriented 2-wire Serial Inter-face, a 8-channel, 10-bit ADC with optional differential input stage with programmable gain,programmable Watchdog Timer with Internal Oscillator, an SPI serial port, IEEE std. 1149.1compliant JTAG test interface, also used for accessing the On-chip Debug system and program-ming and six software selectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counters, SPI port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents but freezes the Oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or Hardware Reset. In Power-save mode, the asynchronous timer continues to run, allowing the user to maintain a timer base while the rest of the device is sleeping. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/O modules except Asynchro-nous Timer and ADC, to minimize switching noise during ADC conversions. In Standby mode,the Crystal/Resonator Oscillator is running while the rest of the device is sleeping. This allows very fast start-up combined with low power consumption. In Extended Standby mode, both the main Oscillator and the Asynchronous Timer continue to run.The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology. The On-chip ISP Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system through an SPI serial interface, by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer, or by an On-chip Boot program running on the AVR core. The boot program can use any interface to download the application program in the application Flash memory. Software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an 8-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip,the Atmel ATmega1284P is a powerful microcontroller that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.The ATmega1284P AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C compilers, macro assemblers, program debugger/simulators, in-circuit emulators,and evaluation kits.2.2Pin Descriptions2.2.1VCCDigital supply voltage.2.2.2GNDGround.2.2.3Port A (PA7:PA0)Port A serves as analog inputs to the Analog-to-digital Converter.Port A also serves as an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port A output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port A pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port A pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running.Port A also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega1284P as listed on page 79.58059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P2.2.4Port B (PB7:PB0)Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port B output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port B pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active,even if the clock is not running.Port B also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega1284P as listed on page 81.2.2.5Port C (PC7:PC0)running.Port C also serves the functions of the JTAG interface, along with special features of the ATmega1284P as listed on page 84.2.2.6Port D (PD7:PD0)Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). The Port D output buffers have symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability. As inputs, Port D pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port D pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active,even if the clock is not running.Port D also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega1284P as listed on page 87.2.2.7RESETReset input. A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length will generate a reset, even if the clock is not running. The minimum pulse length is given in ”System and Reset Characteristics” on page 328. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate a reset.2.2.8XTAL1Input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.2.2.9XTAL2Output from the inverting Oscillator amplifier.2.2.10AVCCAVCC is the supply voltage pin for Port F and the Analog-to-digital Converter. It should be exter-nally connected to V CC , even if the ADC is not used. If the ADC is used, it should be connected to V CC through a low-pass filter.2.2.11AREFThis is the analog reference pin for the Analog-to-digital Converter.68059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P3.ResourcesA comprehensive set of development tools, application notes and datasheetsare available for download on /doc/56744f270066f5335a8121b1.html /avr.78059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P4.Register SummaryAddressNameBit 7Bit 6Bit 5Bit 4Bit 3Bit 2Bit 1Bit 0Page(0xFF)Reserved -------(0xFE)Reserved --------(0xFD)Reserved --------(0xFC)Reserved --------(0xFB)Reserved -------(0xFA)Reserved --------(0xF9)Reserved -------(0xF8)Reserved --------(0xF7)Reserved --------(0xF6)Reserved --------(0xF5)Reserved -------(0xF4)Reserved --------(0xF3)Reserved --------(0xF2)Reserved --------(0xF1)Reserved -------(0xF0)Reserved --------(0xEF)Reserved -------(0xEE)Reserved --------(0xED)Reserved --------(0xEC)Reserved --------(0xEB)Reserved -------(0xEA)Reserved --------(0xE9)Reserved --------(0xE8)Reserved --------(0xE7)Reserved -------(0xE6)Reserved --------(0xE5)Reserved --------(0xE4)Reserved --------(0xE3)Reserved -------(0xE2)Reserved --------(0xE1)Reserved -------(0xE0)Reserved -------(0xDF)Reserved --------(0xDE)Reserved --------(0xDD)Reserved --------(0xDC)Reserved -------(0xDB)Reserved --------(0xDA)Reserved --------(0xD9)Reserved --------(0xD8)Reserved --------(0xD7)Reserved --------(0xD6)Reserved --------(0xD5)Reserved --------(0xD4)Reserved --------(0xD3)Reserved --------(0xD2)Reserved --------(0xD1)Reserved --------(0xD0)Reserved --------(0xCF)Reserved -------190(0xCD)UBRR1H ----USART1 Baud Rate Register High Byte194/207(0xCC)UBRR1L USART1 Baud Rate Register Low Byte194/207(0xCB)Reserved --------(0xCA)UCSR1C UMSEL11UMSEL10UPM11UPM10USBS1UCSZ11UCSZ10UCPOL1192/206(0xC9)UCSR1B RXCIE1TXCIE1UDRIE1RXEN1TXEN1UCSZ12RXB81TXB81191/205(0xC8)UCSR1A RXC1TXC1UDRE1FE1DOR1UPE1U2X1MPCM1190/205(0xC7)Reserved --------(0xC6)UDR0 USART0 I/O Data Register 190(0xC5)UBRR0H ----USART0 Baud Rate Register High Byte194/207(0xC4)UBRR0L USART0 Baud Rate Register Low Byte194/207(0xC3)Reserved --------(0xC2)UCSR0C UMSEL01UMSEL00UPM01UPM00USBS0UCSZ01UCSZ00UCPOL0192/206(0xC1)UCSR0BRXCIE0TXCIE0UDRIE0RXEN0TXEN0UCSZ02RXB80TXB80191/20588059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P(0xC0)UCSR0A RXC0TXC0UDRE0FE0DOR0UPE0U2X0MPCM0190/205(0xBF)Reserved --------(0xBE)Reserved --------(0xBD)TWAMR TWAM6TWAM5TWAM4TWAM3TWAM2TWAM1TWAM0-236(0xBC)TWCR TWINT TWEA TWSTA TWSTO TWWC TWEN -TWIE 233(0xBB)TWDR 2-wire Serial Interface Data Register235(0xBA)TWAR TWA6TWA5TWA4TWA3TWA2TWA1TWA0TWGCE 236(0xB9)TWSR TWS7TWS6TWS5TWS4TWS3-TWPS1TWPS0235(0xB8)TWBR 2-wire Serial Interface Bit Rate Register233(0xB7)Reserved --------(0xB6)ASSR -EXCLK AS2TCN2UBOCR2AUBOCR2BUBTCR2AUBTCR2BUB159(0xB5)Reserved --------(0xB4)OCR2B Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Register B 159(0xB3)OCR2A Timer/Counter2 Output Compare Register A159(0xB2)TCNT2 Timer/Counter2 (8 Bit)158(0xB1)TCCR2B FOC2A FOC2B --WGM22CS22CS21CS20157(0xB0)TCCR2A COM2A1COM2A0COM2B1COM2B0--WGM21WGM20(0xAF)Reserved --------(0xAE)Reserved --------(0xAD)Reserved --------(0xAC)Reserved --------(0xAB)Reserved --------(0xAA)Reserved --------(0xA9)Reserved --------(0xA8)Reserved --------(0xA7)Reserved --------(0xA6)Reserved --------(0xA5)Reserved --------(0xA4)Reserved --------(0xA3)Reserved --------(0xA2)Reserved --------(0xA1)Reserved --------(0xA0)Reserved --------(0x9F)Reserved --------(0x9E)Reserved --------(0x9D)Reserved --------(0x9C)Reserved --------(0x9B)OCR3BH Timer/Counter3 - Output Compare Register B High Byte 136(0x9A)OCR3BL Timer/Counter3 - Output Compare Register B Low Byte 136(0x99)OCR3AH Timer/Counter3 - Output Compare Register A High Byte 136(0x98)OCR3AL Timer/Counter3 - Output Compare Register A Low Byte 136(0x97)ICR3H Timer/Counter3 - Input Capture Register High Byte 137(0x96)ICR3L Timer/Counter3 - Input Capture Register Low Byte 137(0x95)TCNT3H Timer/Counter3 - Counter Register High Byte 136(0x94)TCNT3L Timer/Counter3 - Counter Register Low Byte136(0x93)Reserved --------(0x92)TCCR3C FOC3A FOC3B ------135(0x91)TCCR3B ICNC3ICES3-WGM33WGM32CS32CS31CS30134(0x90)TCCR3A COM3A1COM3A0COM3B1COM3B0--WGM31WGM30132(0x8F)Reserved --------(0x8E)Reserved --------(0x8D)Reserved --------(0x8C)Reserved --------(0x8B)OCR1BH Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register B High Byte 136 (0x8A)OCR1BL Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register B Low Byte 136(0x89)OCR1AH Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register A High Byte 136(0x88)OCR1AL Timer/Counter1 - Output Compare Register A Low Byte 136(0x87)ICR1H Timer/Counter1 - Input Capture Register High Byte 137(0x86)ICR1L Timer/Counter1 - Input Capture Register Low Byte 137(0x85)TCNT1H Timer/Counter1 - Counter Register High Byte 136(0x84)TCNT1L Timer/Counter1 - Counter Register Low Byte136(0x83)Reserved --------(0x82)TCCR1C FOC1A FOC1B ------135(0x81)TCCR1B ICNC1ICES1-WGM13WGM12CS12CS11CS10134(0x80)TCCR1A COM1A1COM1A0COM1B1COM1B0--WGM11WGM10132(0x7F)DIDR1------AIN1DAIN0D240AddressNameBit 7Bit 6Bit 5Bit 4Bit 3Bit 2Bit 1Bit 0Page98059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P(0x7E)DIDR0ADC7DADC6DADC5DADC4DADC3DADC2DADC1DADC0D260(0x7D)Reserved --------(0x7C)ADMUX REFS1REFS0ADLAR MUX4MUX3MUX2MUX1MUX0256(0x7B)ADCSRB -ACME ---ADTS2ADTS1ADTS0239(0x7A)ADCSRA ADENADSCADATEADIFADIEADPS2ADPS0258(0x79)ADCH ADC Data Register High byte 259(0x78)ADCL ADC Data Register Low byte259(0x77)Reserved --------(0x76)Reserved --------(0x75)Reserved --------(0x74)Reserved --------(0x73)PCMSK3PCINT31PCINT30PCINT29PCINT28PCINT27PCINT26PCINT25PCINT2469(0x72)Reserved --------(0x71)TIMSK3--ICIE3--OCIE3B OCIE3A TOIE3138(0x70)TIMSK2-----OCIE2B OCIE2A TOIE2160(0x6F)TIMSK1--ICIE1--OCIE1B OCIE1A TOIE1137(0x6E)TIMSK0-----OCIE0BOCIE0ATOIE0109(0x6D)PCMSK2PCINT23PCINT22PCINT21PCINT20PCINT19PCINT18PCINT17PCINT1669(0x6C)PCMSK1PCINT15PCINT14PCINT13PCINT12PCINT11PCINT10PCINT9PCINT869(0x6B)PCMSK0 PCINT6PCINT5PCINT4PCINT3PCINT2PCINT1PCINT070(0x6A)Reserved --------(0x69)EICRA --ISC21ISC20ISC11ISC10ISC01ISC0066(0x68)PCICR ----PCIE3PCIE2PCIE1PCIE068(0x67)Reserved --------(0x66)OSCCAL Oscillator Calibration Register39(0x65)PRR1-------PRTIM347(0x64)PRR0PRTWI PRTIM2PRTIM0PRUSART1PRTIM1PRSPI PRUSART0PRADC47(0x63)Reserved --------(0x62)Reserved --------(0x61)CLKPR CLKPCE ---CLKPS3CLKPS2CLKPS1CLKPS039(0x60)WDTCSR WDIF WDIE WDP3WDCE WDE WDP2WDP1WDP0580x3F(0x5F)SREG I T H S V N Z C 90x3E (0x5E)SPH SP15SP14SP13SP12SP11SP10SP9SP8100x3D (0x5D)SPL SP7SP6SP5SP4SP3SP2SP1SP0100x3C (0x5C)Reserved --------0x3B (0x5B)RAMPZ -------RAMPZ0130x3A (0x5A)Reserved --------0x39 (0x59)Reserved --------0x38 (0x58)Reserved --------0x37 (0x57)SPMCSR SPMIE RWWSBSIGRD RWWSREBLBSETPGWRTPGERSSPMEN2900x36 (0x56)Reserved --------0x35 (0x55)MCUCR JTD BODS BODSEPUD --IVSEL IVCE 91/2760x34 (0x54)MCUSR ---JTRF WDRF BORF EXTRF PORF 57/2760x33 (0x53)SMCR ----SM2SM1SM0SE 460x32 (0x52)Reserved --------0x31 (0x51)OCDR On-Chip Debug Register2660x30 (0x50)ACSR ACD ACBG ACO ACI ACIE ACIC ACIS1ACIS02580x2F (0x4F)Reserved --------0x2E (0x4E)SPDR SPI 0 Data Register1710x2D (0x4D)SPSR SPIF0WCOL0-----SPI2X01700x2C (0x4C)SPCR SPIE0SPE0DORD0MSTR0CPOL0CPHA0SPR01SPR001690x2B (0x4B)GPIOR2General Purpose I/O Register 2270x2A (0x4A)GPIOR1General Purpose I/O Register 10x29 (0x49)Reserved --------0x28 (0x48)OCR0B Timer/Counter0 Output Compare Register B 1090x27 (0x47)OCR0A Timer/Counter0 Output Compare Register A1080x26 (0x46)TCNT0 Timer/Counter0 (8 Bit)1080x25 (0x45)TCCR0B FOC0A FOC0B --WGM02CS02CS01CS001070x24 (0x44)TCCR0A COM0A1COM0A0COM0B1COM0B0--WGM01WGM001090x23 (0x43)GTCCR TSM -----PSR2PSR543101610x22 (0x42)EEARH ----EEPROM Address Register High Byte220x21 (0x41)EEARL EEPROM Address Register Low Byte220x20 (0x40)EEDR EEPROM Data Register220x1F (0x3F)EECR --EEPM1EEPM0EERIE EEMWE EEWE EERE 220x1E (0x3E)GPIOR0General Purpose I/O Register 0270x1D (0x3D)EIMSK-----INT2INT1INT067AddressNameBit 7Bit 6Bit 5Bit 4Bit 3Bit 2Bit 1Bit 0Page108059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284PNotes:1.For compatibility with future devices, reserved bits should be written to zero if accessed. Reserved I/O memory addressesshould never be written.2.I/O registers within the address range $00 - $1F are directly bit-accessible using the SBI and CBI instructions. In these reg-isters, the value of single bits can be checked by using the SBIS and SBIC instructions.3.Some of the status flags are cleared by writing a logical one to them. Note that the CBI and SBI instructions will operate onall bits in the I/O register, writing a one back into any flag read as set, thus clearing the flag. The CBI and SBI instructions work with registers 0x00 to 0x1F only.4.When using the I/O specific commands IN and OUT, the I/O addresses $00 - $3F must be used. When addressing I/O regis-ters as data space using LD and ST instructions, $20 must be added to these addresses. The A Tmega1284P is a complex microcontroller with more peripheral units than can be supported within the 64 location reserved in Opcode for the IN and OUT instructions. For the Extended I/O space from $60 - $FF , only the ST/STS/STD and LD/LDS/LDD instructions can be used.0x1C (0x3C)EIFR -----INTF2INTF1INTF0670x1B (0x3B)PCIFR ----PCIF3PCIF2PCIF1PCIF0680x1A (0x3A)Reserved --------0x19 (0x39)Reserved --------0x18 (0x38)TIFR3--ICF3--OCF3B OCF3A TOV31390x17 (0x37)TIFR2-----OCF2b OCF2A TOV21610x16 (0x36)TIFR1--ICF1--OCF1B OCF1A TOV11380x15 (0x35)TIFR0-----OCF0B OCF0A TOV01090x14 (0x34)Reserved --------0x13 (0x33)Reserved --------0x12 (0x32)Reserved --------0x11 (0x31)Reserved --------0x10 (0x30)Reserved --------0x0F (0x2F)Reserved --------0x0E (0x2E)Reserved --------0x0D (0x2D)Reserved --------0x0C (0x2C)Reserved --------0x0B (0x2B)PORTD PORTD7PORTD6PORTD5PORTD4PORTD3PORTD2PORTD1PORTD0920x0A (0x2A)DDRDDDD7DDD6DDD5DDD4DDD3DDD2DDD1DDD0920x09 (0x29)PIND PIND7PIND6PIND5PIND4PIND3PIND2PIND1PIND0920x08 (0x28)PORTCPORTC7PORTC6PORTC5PORTC4PORTC3PORTC2PORTC1PORTC0920x07 (0x27)DDRC DDC7DDC6DDC5DDC4DDC3DDC2DDC1DDC0920x06 (0x26)PINCPINC7PINC6PINC5PINC4PINC3PINC2PINC1PINC0920x05 (0x25)PORTB PORTB7PORTB6PORTB5PORTB4PORTB3PORTB2PORTB1PORTB0910x04 (0x24)DDRBDDB7DDB6DDB5DDB4DDB3DDB2DDB1DDB0910x03 (0x23)PINB PINB7PINB6PINB5PINB4PINB3PINB2PINB1PINB0910x02 (0x22)PORTAPORTA7PORTA6PORTA5PORTA4PORTA3PORTA2PORTA1PORTA0910x01 (0x21)DDRA DDA7DDA6DDA5DDA4DDA3DDA2DDA1DDA0910x00 (0x20)PINAPINA7PINA6PINA5PINA3PINA2PINA1PINA091AddressNameBit 7Bit 6Bit 5Bit 4Bit 3Bit 2Bit 1Bit 0Page118059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P5.Instruction Set SummaryMnemonicsOperandsDescriptionOperation Flags#ClocksARITHMETIC AND LOGIC INSTRUCTIONSADD Rd, Rr Add two RegistersRd ← Rd + RrZ,C,N,V,H 1ADC Rd, Rr Add with Carry two Registers Rd ← Rd + Rr + C Z,C,N,V,H 1ADIW Rdl,K Add Immediate to Word Rdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl + K Z,C,N,V,S 2SUB Rd, Rr Subtract two RegistersRd ← Rd - Rr Z,C,N,V,H 1SUBI Rd, K Subtract Constant from Register Rd ← Rd - K Z,C,N,V,H 1SBC Rd, Rr Subtract with Carry two Registers Rd ← Rd - Rr - C Z,C,N,V,H 1SBCI Rd, K Subtract with Carry Constant from Reg.Rd ← Rd - K - C Z,C,N,V,H 1SBIW Rdl,K Subtract Immediate from Word Rdh:Rdl ← Rdh:Rdl - K Z,C,N,V,S 2AND Rd, Rr Logical AND RegistersRd ← Rd ? RrZ,N,V 1ANDI Rd, K Logical AND Register and Constant Rd ← Rd ? KZ,N,V 1OR Rd, Rr Logical OR Registers Rd ← Rd v Rr Z,N,V 1ORI Rd, K Logical OR Register and Constant Rd ← Rd v KZ,N,V 1EOR Rd, Rr Exclusive OR Registers Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rr Z,N,V 1COM Rd One’s Complement Rd ← 0xFF ? Rd Z,C,N,V 1NEG Rd Two’s Complement Rd ← 0x00 ? Rd Z,C,N,V,H 1SBR Rd,K SetBit(s) in Register Rd ← Rd v K Z,N,V 1CBR Rd,K Clear Bit(s) in Register Rd ← Rd ? (0xFF - K)Z,N,V 1INC Rd Increment Rd ← Rd + 1Z,N,V 1DEC Rd DecrementRd ← Rd ? 1 Z,N,V 1TST Rd Test for Zero or Minus Rd ← Rd ? Rd Z,N,V 1CLR Rd Clear Register Rd ← Rd ⊕ Rd Z,N,V 1SER Rd Set Register Rd ← 0xFF None 1MUL Rd, Rr Multiply Unsigned R1:R0← Rd x Rr Z,C 2MULS Rd, Rr Multiply SignedR1:R0 ← Rd x Rr Z,C 2MULSU Rd, Rr Multiply Signed with Unsigned R1:R0 ← Rd x Rr Z,C 2FMUL Rd, Rr Fractional Multiply Unsigned R1:R0 ← (Rd x Rr) << 1Z,C 2FMULS Rd, Rr Fractional Multiply SignedR1:R0 ← (Rd x Rr) << 1Z,C 2FMULSU Rd, Rr Fractional Multiply Signed with Unsigned R1:R0 ← (Rd x Rr) << 1Z,C 2BRANCH INSTRUCTIONSRJMP kRelative Jump PC ← PC + k + 1None 2IJMP Indirect Jump to (Z)PC ← Z None 2JMP k Direct JumpPC ← kNone 3RCALL kRelative Subroutine Call PC ← PC + k + 1None 4ICALL Indirect Call to (Z)PC ←Z None 4CALL k Direct Subroutine Call PC ← k None 5RET Subroutine Return PC ← STACK None 5RETI Interrupt Return PC ← STACKI 5CPSE Rd,Rr Compare, Skip if Equal if (Rd = Rr) PC ← PC + 2 or 3None 1/2/3CP Rd,Rr CompareRd ? Rr Z, N,V,C,H 1 CPC Rd,Rr Compare with CarryRd ? Rr ? C Z, N,V,C,H 1CPI Rd,K Compare Register with Immediate Rd ? KZ, N,V,C,H 1SBRC Rr, b Skip if Bit in Register Cleared if (Rr(b)=0) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None 1/2/3SBRS Rr, b Skip if Bit in Register is Set if (Rr(b)=1) PC ← PC + 2 or 3None 1/2/3SBIC P, b Skip if Bit in I/O Register Cleared if (P(b)=0) PC ← PC + 2 or 3 None 1/2/3SBIS P, b Skip if Bit in I/O Register is Set if (P(b)=1) PC ← PC + 2 or 3None 1/2/3BRBS s, k Branch if Status Flag Set if (SREG(s) = 1) then PC ←PC+k + 1None 1/2BRBC s, k Branch if Status Flag Cleared if (SREG(s) = 0) then PC ←PC+k + 1None 1/2BREQ k Branch if Equal if (Z = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRNE k Branch if Not Equal if (Z = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRCS k Branch if Carry Set if (C = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRCC k Branch if Carry Cleared if (C = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRSH k Branch if Same or Higher if (C = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRLO k Branch if Lower if (C = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRMI k Branch if Minus if (N = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRPL k Branch if PlusSet if (T = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRTC k Branch if T Flag Cleared if (T = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRVSk Branch if Overflow Flag is Setif (V = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None1/2128059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284PBRVC k Branch if Overflow Flag is Cleared if (V = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRIE k Branch if Interrupt Enabled if ( I = 1) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BRID kBranch if Interrupt Disabled if ( I = 0) then PC ← PC + k + 1None 1/2BIT AND BIT-TEST INSTRUCTIONSSBI P,b Set Bit in I/O Register I/O(P,b) ←1None 2CBI P,b Clear Bit in I/O Register I/O(P,b) ← 0None 2LSL Rd Logical Shift Left Rd(n+1) ← Rd(n), Rd(0) ← 0Z,C,N,V 1LSR Rd Logical Shift Right Rd(n) ← Rd(n+1), Rd(7) ← 0Z,C,N,V 1ROL Rd Rotate Left Through Carry Rd(0)←C,Rd(n+1)← Rd(n),C ←Rd(7)Z,C,N,V 1ROR Rd Rotate Right Through Carry Rd(7)←C,Rd(n)← Rd(n+1),C ←Rd(0)Z,C,N,V 1ASR Rd Arithmetic Shift Right Rd(n) ← Rd(n+1), n=0..6Z,C,N,V 1SWAP Rd Swap Nibbles Rd(3..0)←Rd(7..4),Rd(7..4)←Rd(3..0)None 1BSET s Flag Set SREG(s) ← 1SREG(s)1BCLR s Flag ClearSREG(s) ← 0 SREG(s)1BST Rr, b Bit Store from Register to T T ← Rr(b)T 1BLD Rd, bBit load from T to Register Rd(b) ← TNone 1SEC Set Carry C ←1C 1CLC Clear Carry C ← 0 C 1SEN Set Negative Flag N ←1N 1CLN Clear Negative Flag N ← 0 N 1SEZ Set Zero Flag Z ← 1Z 1CLZ Clear Zero Flag Z ← 0Z 1SEI Global Interrupt Enable I ←1I 1CLI Global Interrupt Disable I ← 0 I 1SES Set Signed Test FlagS ←1S 1CLS Clear Signed Test Flag S ← 0S 1SEV Set Twos Complement Overflow.V ← 1V 1CLV Clear Twos Complement Overflow V ← 0 V 1SET Set T in SREGT ←1T 1CLT Clear T in SREG T ← 0 T 1SEH Set Half Carry Flag in SREG H ←1H 1CLHClear Half Carry Flag in SREG H ← 0 H 1DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS MOV Rd, Rr Move Between Registers Rd ← RrNone 1MOVW Rd, Rr Copy Register Word Rd+1:Rd ← Rr+1:RrNone 1LDI Rd, K Load Immediate Rd ← KNone 1LD Rd, X Load IndirectRd ← (X)None 2LD Rd, X+Load Indirect and Post-Inc.Rd ← (X), X ← X + 1None 2LD Rd, - X Load Indirect and Pre-Dec.X ← X - 1, Rd ← (X)None 2LD Rd, Y Load IndirectRd ← (Y)None 2LD Rd, Y+Load Indirect and Post-Inc.Rd ← (Y), Y ← Y + 1None 2LD Rd, - Y Load Indirect and Pre-Dec.Y ← Y - 1, Rd ← (Y)None 2LDD Rd,Y+q Load Indirect with Displacement Rd ← (Y + q)None 2LD Rd, Z Load IndirectRd ← (Z)None 2LD Rd, Z+Load Indirect and Post-Inc.Rd ← (Z), Z ← Z+1None 2LD Rd, -Z Load Indirect and Pre-Dec.Z ← Z - 1, Rd ← (Z)None 2LDD Rd, Z+q Load Indirect with Displacement Rd ← (Z + q)None 2LDS Rd, k Load Direct from SRAM Rd ← (k)None 2ST X, Rr Store Indirect(X) ← RrNone 2ST X+, Rr Store Indirect and Post-Inc.(X) ← Rr, X ← X + 1None 2ST - X, Rr Store Indirect and Pre-Dec.X ← X - 1, (X) ← Rr None 2ST Y, Rr Store Indirect(Y) ← RrNone 2ST Y+, Rr Store Indirect and Post-Inc.(Y) ← Rr, Y ← Y + 1None 2ST - Y, Rr Store Indirect and Pre-Dec.Y ← Y - 1, (Y) ← Rr None 2STD Y+q,Rr Store Indirect with Displacement (Y + q) ← Rr None 2ST Z, Rr Store Indirect(Z) ← RrNone 2ST Z+, Rr Store Indirect and Post-Inc.(Z) ← Rr, Z ← Z + 1None 2ST -Z, Rr Store Indirect and Pre-Dec.Z ← Z - 1, (Z) ← Rr None 2STD Z+q,Rr Store Indirect with Displacement (Z + q) ← Rr None2STS k, Rr Store Direct to SRAM (k) ← Rr None 2LPM Load Program Memory R0 ← (Z)None 3LPM Rd, Z Load Program MemoryRd ← (Z)None 3LPM Rd, Z+Load Program Memory and Post-Inc Rd ← (Z), Z ← Z+1None 3ELPM Extended Load Program Memory R0 ← (RAMPZ:Z)None 3ELPM Rd, Z Extended Load Program Memory Rd ←None 3ELPMRd, Z+Extended Load Program MemoryRd ← (RAMPZ:Z), RAMPZ:Z ←RAMPZ:Z+1None3MnemonicsOperands DescriptionOperationFlags#Clocks138059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284PSPM Store Program Memory (Z) ← R1:R0None -IN Rd, P In Port Rd ←P None 1OUT P, Rr Out PortP ← Rr None 1PUSH Rr Push Register on StackSTACK ← Rr None 2POP RdPop Register from Stack Rd ← STACKNone 2MCU CONTROL INSTRUCTIONSNOP No Operation None1SLEEP Sleep(see specific descr. for Sleep function)None 1WDR Watchdog Reset (see specific descr. for WDR/timer)None 1BREAKBreakFor On-chip Debug OnlyNoneN/AMnemonicsOperandsDescriptionOperation Flags#Clocks148059BS–AVR–05/08ATmega1284P6.Ordering Information6.1ATmega1284PNotes:1.This device can also be supplied in wafer form. Please contact your local Atmel sales office for detailed ordering informationand minimum quantities.2.Pb-free packaging, complies to the European Directive for Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS directive). AlsoHalide free and fully Green.3.For Speed vs. V CC see ”Speed Grades” on page 326.Speed (MHz)(3)Power Supply Ordering Code Package (1)Operational Range 201.8 - 5.5VA Tmega1284P- AU (2)A Tmega1284P- PU (2)A Tmega1284P- MU (2)44A 40P644M1Industrial (-40o C to 85o C)Package Type44A 44-lead, Thin (1.0 mm) Plastic Gull Wing Quad Flat Package (TQFP)40P640-pin, 0.600” Wide, Plastic Dual Inline Package (PDIP) 44M1。

opa827参数

opa827参数摘要：一、OPA827 参数介绍1.OPA827 芯片的基本信息2.OPA827 的主要性能参数3.OPA827 的功能特点二、OPA827 参数详细解读1.电源电压范围2.增益带宽积3.输入和输出阻抗4.电源电流5.温度范围6.封装形式三、OPA827 参数的实际应用1.电源电压的选择2.增益带宽积的计算与优化3.输入和输出阻抗的匹配4.电源电流的估算与散热设计5.温度范围对性能的影响6.封装形式与电路板布局四、总结正文：【OPA827 参数介绍】OPA827 是一款由Texas Instruments 公司生产的高性能运算放大器，具有极低的噪声、失真和功耗。

在音频处理、传感器信号放大等应用中有着广泛的应用。

本文将对OPA827 的主要参数进行详细解读，以帮助工程师更好地理解和使用这款芯片。

【OPA827 参数详细解读】1.电源电压范围：OPA827 的工作电源电压范围为±5V 至±15V。

在实际应用中，需要根据系统需求和电源供应情况选择合适的电源电压。

2.增益带宽积：增益带宽积是运算放大器的重要性能参数，表示运算放大器能够处理的信号频率范围。

OPA827 的增益带宽积高达3.9GHz，能够满足大多数音频处理和传感器信号放大的需求。

3.输入和输出阻抗：OPA827 具有高输入阻抗，能够减小输入信号的衰减。

其输出阻抗较低，可以驱动较低阻抗的负载。

在实际应用中，需要根据输入和输出阻抗参数进行电路设计，以实现最佳的性能。

4.电源电流：OPA827 的电源电流仅为6.8mA，具有较低的功耗。

这使得OPA827 非常适合用于低功耗设备和电池供电系统中。

5.温度范围：OPA827 的工作温度范围为-40°C 至+85°C。

在实际应用中，需要考虑温度对运算放大器性能的影响，并根据实际工作环境选择合适的温度范围。

6.封装形式：OPA827 提供多种封装形式，包括8 引脚SOIC、14 引脚SOIC 和16 引脚LFCSP。

Atmel CryptoAuthentication Starter Kit 8742A说明书

Atmel CryptoAuthentication Starter KitAtmel AT88CK109BK8 Hardware User GuideFeatures∙ Two 8-lead SOIC sockets∙ Supports the Atmel ATSHA204 CryptoAuthentication IC ∙ Supports communication protocols- I 2C- SWI (Single wire interface) ∙ Power LEDsContents∙ Atmel AT88CK109BK8 daughterboard1. IntroductionAtmel ® AT88CK101BK8 is a daughterboard that interfaces with a mcu board via a 10-pin header. Thedaughterboard has two 8-pin SOIC sockets which can support HOST and CLIENT development with an Atmel ATSHA204 device. This kit uses a modular approach, enabling the daughterboard to connect directly to an STK series AVR development platform to easily add security to applications. An optional adapter kit is also available when the 10-pin header on the daughterboard requires a different pinout. The AT88CK109BK8 is sold with the Atmel AT88Microbase to form the Atmel AT88CK109STK8 starter kit. The AT88Microbase AVR base board comes with a USB interface that lets designers learn and experiment on their PCs. Figure 1-1.Atmel AT88CK109BK8 daughterboardPin 1 indicator Standoff hole1.2.Atmel AT88CK109STK8 starter kitThe AT88CK109BK8 is sold with the AT88Microbase to form the AT88CK109STK8 starter kit. Foradditional information on the AT88Microbase, see Atmel doc8723A, AT88Microbase Hardware User Guide.Figure 1-2.The AT88CK109BK8 adaptor board with the Atmel AT88Microbase2.Board configuration2.1.10-pin interface headerTable 2-1.10-pin interface headerNote:I C Pins: SCL, SDA2.2.Supports 8-lead SOIC interface with the following pinoutFigure 2-1.Pinout configurationNC NC NC GND123487658-lead SOICV CCNCSCLSDA2.3. AT88CK301ADP adapter kitAn optional adapter kit is also available when the 10-pin header on the daughterboard requires a different pinout. Figure 2-2.Atmel AT88CK301ADP adapter kitTable 2-2. 10-pin squid cable3.References and further informationSchematics, Gerber files, bill of materials (BOM), development and demonstration software are conveniently downloadable from the Atmel website at /cryptokits.4.EVALUATION BOARD/KIT IMPORTANT NOTICEAtmel Corporation2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131USATel: (+1)(408) 441-0311 Fax:(+1)(408) 487-2600 Atmel Asia LimitedUnit 01-5 & 16, 19FBEA Tower, Millennium City 5418 Kwun Tong RoadKwun Tong, KowloonHONG KONGTel: (+852) 2245-6100Fax:(+852) 2722-1369Atmel Munich GmbHBusiness CampusParkring 4D-85748 Garching b. MunichGERMANYTel:(+49) 89-31970-0Fax:(+49) 89-3194621Atmel Japan9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg.1-24-8 ShinkawaChuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033JAPANTel:(+81)(3) 3523-3551Fax: (+81)(3) 3523-7581© 2011 Atmel Corporation. All rights reserved. / Rev.: 8742A–CRYPTO–3/11Atmel®, logo and combinations thereof, CryptoAuthentica tion™ and others are registered trademarks or trademarks of Atmel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others.Disclaimer: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. No lic ense, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property right is granted by this document or inconnection with the sale of Atmel products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE ATMEL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALES LOCATED ON THE ATM EL WEBSITE, ATMEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTY RELATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ME RCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ORNON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS ANDPROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF ATMEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Atmel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and rese rves the right to make changes to specifications and products descriptions at any time without notice. Atmel does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. Unless specifically provided otherwise, Atmel products are not suitable for, and shall not be used in, automotive applications. Atmel products are not intended, authorized, or warranted for use as components in applications intended to support or sustain life.。

AVR Micro controller相关介绍

5
ATMEGA88V-10AU on K2
ATMEGA88 System Block
2,3 1
6
4
“麻雀虽小五脏惧全!”
5
6
ATMEGA88V-10AU on K2
应用电路
1. LEDs 2. Buttons 3. Interrupt 4. SPI
5. Reset
周边应用电路简单，无 Crystal等，类似普通的逻辑IC,但功能强大。
3
AVR系列单片机的选型
AVR单片机有3个档次: 低档ATiny系列AVR单片机: 主要有Tiny11/12/13/15/26/28等；中档AT90系列AVR 单片机: 主要有AT90S1200/2313/8515/8535等；高档ATmega系列AVR单片机: 主要有ATmega4/8/16/32/64/128（Flash 存储容量为8/16/32/64/128 KB）
端口B 为8 位双向I/O 口，端口C (PC5..0) 端口C 为7 位双向I/O 口，端口D 为8 位双向I/O 口
K2 interface requirement: SFP: LED*14 , Button*3 3in1: LED*1, Button*11, LCD power control*1
1
7
ATMEGA88V-10AU on K2
规格说明, ---8K Bytes FlashROM, 512 Bytes EEPROM and 1K Bytes SDRAM
Code size for K2 is 6K at present.
8
ATMEGA88V-10AU on K2
规格说明 ---23个并行I/O
2

单片机常用芯片资料

单片机常用芯片资料单片机作为一种常见的嵌入式系统的核心组成部分，广泛应用于各个领域。

而在单片机的设计与开发过程中，选择合适的芯片是至关重要的。

本文将介绍一些常用的单片机芯片资料，以供读者参考。

I. 8051系列芯片8051系列是一种经典的单片机芯片，广泛应用于各种嵌入式系统中。

以下是一些常见的8051系列芯片资料供读者参考：1. AT89S51AT89S51是一种低功耗、高性能的8位CMOS单片机，由Atmel公司生产。

它具有4KB的Flash程序存储器、128字节的RAM和32个I/O引脚，适用于各种应用场景。

2. AT89C52AT89C52也是一种经典的8051系列芯片，同样由Atmel公司生产。

它具有8KB的Flash程序存储器、256字节的RAM和32个I/O引脚，可广泛应用于嵌入式系统中。

II. AVR系列芯片AVR系列芯片是由Atmel公司开发的一种低功耗、高性能的8位RISC微控制器。

以下是一些常见的AVR系列芯片资料供读者参考：1. ATmega328PATmega328P是一种广泛应用于Arduino开发板的AVR系列芯片，具有32KB的Flash程序存储器、2KB的SRAM和23个I/O引脚。

它支持多种通信接口（如SPI、I2C等），适用于各种创意项目。

2. ATtiny85ATtiny85是一种小型的AVR系列芯片，具有8KB的Flash程序存储器、512字节的RAM和6个I/O引脚。

它体积小巧，适合于空间受限的应用场景，如可穿戴设备等。

III. PIC系列芯片PIC系列芯片是由Microchip公司开发的一种低功耗、高性能的8位微控制器。

以下是一些常见的PIC系列芯片资料供读者参考：1. PIC16F877APIC16F877A是一种常用的PIC系列芯片，具有14KB的Flash程序存储器、368字节的RAM和33个I/O引脚。

它适用于各种嵌入式应用，如家用电器、工业控制系统等。

Atmel针对AVR微控制器推出电容式触摸感应开发工具套件

参考文献
［］彭富清．学军．磁测量及其应用［］测绘科学与工程，１毛地Ｊ．
２０６．６（０２１）：５３—５６．
东南、正南、南、西和两北８个方向，这８个方向的西正对
地磁方位角测量多次取平均值后，储作为校准表。在实存际测量过程中，得测量数据后，用校准值对其进行ｃｎ．ＤｕｌｘｓＭａｎｔｅｓｒＷｉｃＩｔ — ａａｉ — ｇｅｉＳｎｏｔＩｎｅｃｈｒ
ｆｃａｅ．２８００．
４系统演示
寻北仪实物图如图５所示。系统由两部分组成：由￥Ｃ４０３２４Ａ构成的嵌入式系统模块和由ＭＭＣ１ｘ２２ＭＧ构成的地磁传感器模块。图５ａ为地磁传感器模块指向北的效果（）
ＱＴｏｃｕｔ。这一套件包含了适用于ＡＶＲ微控制器的全新ＱＴ６０开发板、ｕｈＳｉｅ０ＱＴｏｃｔｄｏＡＶＲｔｄｏ和ＱＴｏｃｉｒｒＷｕｈＳｕｉ、ＳｕｉｕｈＩｂａｖＳ
开发包。爱特梅尔的ＱＴ６０套件为评测和设计触摸功能提供了一个功能强大的环境。ＱＴ６０具有设计调整功能．让设计人员００可使用自己的触摸感应电路板，置不同的微控制器板卡．直接将ＱＴ６０板卡连接到自己的应用产品上。爱特梅尔的ＱＴｏｃ配或０ｕｈ工具套件可在使用８位和３２位ＡＶＲ微控制器的应用中开发和分析触摸按钮、块和滑轮功能。ＱＴｏｃｔｄｏ同时支持ＱＴ６０开滑ｕｈＳｕｉ０

ATMEL AVRISP MKII说明

AVRISP MKII是一种结构紧密而且容易使用的在线编程工具，它为Atmel's AVR 单片机开发应用程序。

由于其尺寸小，它也成为一种为现有的利用AVR单片机的应用程序局升级的极好的工具。

AVRISP MKII是由USB供电，因而AVR ISP 编程器无需额外能源供应。

AVR ISP MKII编程接口是集成于AVR Studio中的。

Flash, EEPROM 和所有的Fuse 和Lock bit 可编程ISP选项，可以选择单个分别编程或者连续自动编程。

AVR时钟频率和电源供应也由AVR Studio控制。

带自动升级功能（当有AVR Studio 新版本时，会提示升级）、使用AVR Studio 进行下载与烧录。

使用AVRISP MKII协议下载，是AVR官方唯一推荐的AVR下载方式。

AVR Studio 目前的版本及将来的版本，会对STK500提供未来芯片的支持可对如下芯片编程（还会继续升级）AT90S1200 AT90S2313 AT90S/LS2323 AT90S/LS2343 AT90S/LS2333AT90S4414 AT90S/LS4433 AT90S/LS4434 AT90S8515 AT90S/LS8535ATtiny12 ATtiny13 ATtiny15 ATtiny22 ATtiny24 ATtiny26 ATtiny2313ATmega8 ATmega16 ATmega32 ATmega48 ATmega64 ATmega88 ATmega103ATmega128 ATmega1280 ATmega1281 ATmega161 ATmega162 ATmega163ATmega165 ATmega169 ATmega323 ATmega325 ATmega329 ATmega644ATmega645 ATmega649 ATmega2560 ATmega2561 ATmega3250ATmega3290 ATmega6450 ATmega6490 ATmega8515 ATmega8535AT90CAN128 AT90PWM2 AT90PWM3AT86RF401AT89S51 AT89S52。

ATmega128 ATmega128L 介绍

ＡＴｍｅｇａ１２８ＡＴｍｅｇａ１２８Ｌ介绍
ＡＴｍｅｇａ１２８ＡＴｍｅｇａ１２８Ｌ介绍
ＡＴｍｅｇａ１２８／１２８Ｌ带１２８Ｋ字节ＦＬＡＳＨ的在线可编程８位微控制器是ＡＶＲ系列中功能最强的单片机，掌握了ＡＴｍｅｇａ１２８的开发应用，对其它ＡＶＲ单片机的开发应用等于杀鸡用牛刀，快极了１特点
ATmega128 具有一整套的编程和系统开发工具 C编译器宏汇编器调试／模拟器ＪＴＡＧＩＣＥ在线仿真器和ＳＬ－ＭＥＧＡ１２８评估板二 ATmega103 和 ATmega128 的兼容性
ATmega128 是一种很复杂的微控制器它的 I/O 地址取代了保留在AVR指令集中的 64 个 I/O地址为确保向后兼容 ATmega103 ATmega103上所有I/O的位置与ATmega128上的相同很多附加的 I/O 地址被加到一个从$60到$FF的扩展外部I/O空间中(例如在ATmega103 的内部 RAM 空间中) 这些地址只能用 LD/LDS/LDD 和 ST/STS/STD 指令访问而不能用 IN 和 OUT 指令内部 RAM 空间的重定位对于ATmega103用户来说可能仍是一个问题同样如果代码使用绝对地址那么增加的中断向量也是一个问题要解决这些问题可以通过编程一个熔丝M103C来选择 ATmega103 兼容模式在这一模式下不能使用扩展I/O空间中的程序所以内部 RAM象ATmega103一样定位同时扩展中断向量被去除 ATmega128 百分之百与 ATmega103引脚兼容在PCB上可以替代ATmega103 应用笔记 “用ATmega128 替换 ATmega103” 中说明了用户在用ATmega128 替换 ATmega103时应注意的事项三 ATmega103 兼容模式

AVR单片机语音识别电路模块设计

AVR单片机语音识别电路模块设计基于AVR 单片机的语音识别系统设计，系统以AVR 单片机为控制核心，实现对人的语音的识别控制。

系统采用的主控芯片为Atreel 公司的ATMEGAl28，语音识别功能采用ICRoute 公司的单芯片LD3320。

LD3320 内部集成语音识别算法，无需外部FLASH，RAM 资源，可以很好地完成非特定人的语音识别任务。

同时该芯片内部集成了MP3 播放功能，支持MPEG 等格式，可实现语音提示或MP3 歌曲的播放功能。

由于内部含有16 位A／D、D／A 转换器和功放电路，所以不需要外接功放电路就可以产生清晰的声音。

该系统已经预留好各种接口，具有良好的扩展性。

控制器电路控制器选用Atmel 公司生产的ATMEGA128 芯片，采用先进的RISC 结构，内置128 KBFLASH，4 KB SRAM，4 KB E2PROM 等丰富资源。

该芯片是业界高性能、低功耗的8 位微处理器，并在8 位单片机市场有着广泛应用。

LD3320 语音识别电路LD3320 芯片是一款“语音识别”专用芯片。

该芯片集成了语音识别处理器和一些外部电路，包括A／D、D／A 转换器、麦克风接口、声音输出接口等，而且可以播放MP3。

不需要外接任何的辅助芯片如FLASH，RAM 等，直接集成到产品中即可以实现语音识别、声控、人机对话功能。

图3 为LD3320 电路原理图，与MCU 通信采用SPI 总线方式，时钟不能超过1．5MHz。

麦克风工作电路如图所示，音频输出只需将扬声器连接到SPOP 和SPON 即可。

使用SPI 总线方式时，LD3320 的MD 要设为高电平，SPIS 设为低电平。

SPI 总线的引脚有SDI，SDO，SDCK 以及SCS。

INTB 为中断端口，。