史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全 (1)
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）一高分子化学新序码汉文名英文名注释1高分子macromolecule, polymer又称“大分子”。
2超高分子supra polymer3天然高分子natural polymer4无机高分子inorganic polymer5有机高分子organic polymer6无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer7金属有机聚合物organometallic polymer8元素高分子element polymer9高聚物high polymer10聚合物Polymer11低聚物Oligomer曾用名“齐聚物”。
12二聚体Dimer13三聚体Trimer14调聚物telomer15预聚物prepolymer16均聚物homopolymer17无规聚合物random polymer18无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer19头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer20头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer21尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer22反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer23顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer24规整聚合物regular polymer25非规整聚合物irregular polymer26无规立构聚合物atactic polymer27全同立构聚合物isotactic polymer又称“等规聚合物”。
28间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer又称“间规聚合物”。
29杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer又称“异规聚合物”。
30有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
(完整)高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总,推荐文档
加工processing反应性加工reactive processing等离子体加工plasma processing加工性processability熔体流动指数melt [flow] index门尼粘度Mooney index塑化plasticizing增塑作用plasticization内增塑作用internal plasticization外增塑作用external plasticization增塑溶胶plastisol增强reinforcing增容作用compatibilization相容性compatibility相溶性intermiscibility生物相容性biocompatibility血液相容性blood compatibility组织相容性tissue compatibility混炼milling，mixing素炼mastication塑炼plastication过炼dead milled橡胶配合rubber compounding共混blend捏和kneading冷轧cold rolling压延性calenderability压延calendering埋置embedding压片preforming模塑molding模压成型compression molding压缩成型compression forming冲压模塑impact moulding，shock moulding 叠模压塑stack moulding复合成型composite molding注射成型injection molding注塑压缩成型injection compression molding 射流注塑jet molding无流道冷料注塑runnerless injection molding 共注塑coinjection molding气辅注塑gas aided injection molding注塑焊接injection welding传递成型transfer molding树脂传递成型resin transfer molding铸塑cast熔铸fusion casting铸塑成型cast molding单体浇铸monomer casting挤出extrusion共挤出coextrusion多层挤塑multi-layer extrusion共挤吹塑coextrusion blow molding同轴挤塑coaxial extrusion吹胀挤塑blown extrusion挤出吹塑extrusion blow molding挤拉吹塑成型extrusion draw blow molding反应性挤塑reactive extrusion固相挤出solid-phase extrusion发泡expanding foam后发泡post expansion物理发泡physical foam化学发泡chemical foam吹塑blow molding多层吹塑multi-layer blow molding拉伸吹塑成型stretch blow molding滚塑rotational moulding反应注射成型reaction injection molding，RIM 真空成型vacuum forming无压成型zero ressure molding真空烧结vacuum sintering真空袋成型vacuum bag molding热成型thermal forming拉伸热成型stretch thermoforming袋模塑bag molding糊塑paste molding镶铸imbedding冲压成型impact molding触压成型impression molding层压材料laminate泡沫塑料成型foam molding包模成型drape molding充气吹胀inflation橡胶胶乳rubber latex胶乳latex高分子胶体polymer colloid生橡胶raw rubber，crude rubber硬质胶ebonite再生胶reclaimed rubber充油橡胶oil-extended rubber母胶masterbatch交联crosslinking固化cure光固化photo-cure硫化vulcanization后硫化post cure，post vulcanization自硫[化] bin cure自交联self crosslinking ，self curing过硫over cure返硫reversion欠硫under cure动态硫化dynamic vulcanization不均匀硫化heterogeneous vulcanization开始[硫化]效应set-up effect自动硫化self-curing，self-vulcanizing焦烧scorching无压硫化non-pressure cure模压硫化moulding curing常温硫化auto-vulcanization热硫化heat curing蒸汽硫化steam curing微波硫化micro wave curing辐射硫化radiation vulcanization辐射交联radiation crosslinking连续硫化continuous vulcanization无模硫化open vulcanization成纤fiber forming可纺性spinnability纺丝spinning干纺dry spinning湿纺wet spinning干湿法纺丝dry wet spinning干喷湿法纺丝dry jet wet spinning溶液纺丝solution spinning乳液纺丝emulsion spinning乳液闪蒸纺丝法emulsion flash spinning process 喷射纺丝jet spinning喷纺成形spray spinning液晶纺丝liquid crystal spinning熔纺melt spinning共混纺丝blended spinning凝胶纺[丝] gel spinning反应纺丝reaction spinning静电纺丝electrostatic spinning高压纺丝high-pressure spinning复合纺丝conjugate spinning无纺布non-woven fabrics单丝monofilament，monofil复丝multifilament全取向丝fully oriented yarn中空纤维hollow fiber皮芯纤维sheath core fiber共纺cospinning冷拉伸cold drawing，cold stretching 单轴拉伸uniaxial drawing，uniaxial elongation双轴拉伸biaxial drawing多轴拉伸multiaxial drawing皮心效应skin and core effect皮层效应skin effect防缩non-shrink熟成ripening垂挂sag定型sizing起球现象pilling effect捻度twist旦denier特tex纱yarn股strand粘合adhesion反应粘合reaction bonding压敏粘合pressure sensitive adhesion 底漆primer浸渍impregnation浸渍树脂solvent impregnated resin基体matrix聚合物表面活性剂polymeric surfactant 高分子絮凝剂polymeric flocculant预发颗粒pre-expanded bead高分子膜polymeric membraneH-膜H-filmLB膜Langmuir Blodgett film （LB film）半透膜semipermeable membrane反渗透膜Reverse osmosis membrance 多孔膜porous membrane各向异性膜anisotropic membrane正离子交换膜cation exchange membrane 负离子交换膜anionic exchange membrane 吸附树脂polymeric adsorbent添加剂additive固化剂curing agent潜固化剂latent curing agent硫化剂vulcanizing agent给硫剂sulfur donor agent，sulfur donor 硫化促进剂vulcanization accelerator硫化活化剂vulcanization activator活化促进剂activating accelerator活化剂activator防焦剂scorch retarder抗硫化返原剂anti-reversion agent塑解剂peptizer偶联剂coupling agent硅烷偶联剂silane coupling agent钛酸酯偶联剂titanate coupling agent铝酸酯偶联剂aluminate coupling agent 增强剂reinforcing agent增硬剂hardening agent惰性填料inert filler增塑剂plasticizer辅增塑剂coplasticizer增粘剂tackifier增容剂compatibilizer增塑增容剂plasticizer extender分散剂dispersant agent结构控制剂constitution controller色料colorant荧光增白剂optical bleaching agent抗降解剂antidegradant防老剂anti-aging agent防臭氧剂antiozonant抗龟裂剂anticracking agent抗疲劳剂anti-fatigue agent抗微生物剂biocide防蚀剂anti-corrosion agent光致抗蚀剂photoresist防霉剂antiseptic防腐剂rot resistor防潮剂moisture proof agent除臭剂re-odorant抗氧剂antioxidant热稳定剂heat stabilizer抗静电添加剂antistatic additive抗静电剂antistatic agent紫外线稳定剂ultraviolet stabilizer紫外光吸收剂ultraviolet absorber光稳定剂light stabilizer，photostabilizer 光屏蔽剂light screener发泡剂foaming agent物理发泡剂physical foaming agent化学发泡剂chemical foaming agent脱模剂releasing agent内脱模剂internal releasing agent外脱模剂external releasing agent阻燃剂flame retardant防火剂fire retardant烧蚀剂ablator润滑剂lubricant湿润剂wetting agent隔离剂separant增韧剂toughening agent抗冲改性剂impact modifier消泡剂antifoaming agent减阻剂drag reducer破乳剂demulsifier粘度改进剂viscosity modifier增稠剂thickening agent，thickener阻黏剂abhesive洗脱剂eluant附聚剂agglomerating agent后处理剂after-treating agent催干剂drier防结皮剂anti-skinning agent纺织品整理剂textile finishing agent。
史上最全高分子材料和工程专业英语词汇大全
注释 又称“大分子”。
11
低聚物
12
二聚体
13
三聚体
14
调聚物
15
预聚物
16
均聚物
17
无规聚合物
18
无规卷曲聚合物
19
头-头聚合物
20
头-尾聚合物
21
尾-尾聚合物
22
反式有规聚合物
23
顺式有规聚合物
24
规整聚合物
25
非规整聚合物
26
无规立构聚合物
27
全同立构聚合物
Oligomer Dimer Trimer telomer prepolymer homopolymer random polymer random coiling polymer head-to-head polymer head-to-tail polymer tail-to-tail polymer transtactic polymer cistactic polymer regular polymer irregular polymer atactic polymer isotactic polymer
曾用名“齐聚物”。 又称“等规聚合物”。
28
间同立构聚合物
syndiotactic polymer
又称“间规聚合物”。
29
杂同立构聚合物
heterotactic polymer
又称“异规聚合物”。
30
有规立构聚合物
stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
amphiphilic block copolymer
diblock copolymer
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全 (1)
无规立构聚合物
atactic polymer
27
全同立构聚合物
isotactic polymer
又称“等规聚合物”。
28
间同立构聚合物
syndiotactic polymer
又称“间规聚合物”。
29
杂同立构聚合物
heterotactic polymer
又称“异规聚合物”。
30
有规立构聚合物
stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer
20
头-尾聚合物
head-to-tail polymer
21
尾-尾聚合物
tail-to-tail polymer
22
反式有规聚合物
transtactic polymer
23
顺式有规聚合物
cistactic polymer
24
规整聚合物
regular polymer
25
非规整聚合物
irregular polymer
35
全同间同等量聚合物
equitactic polymer
36
共聚物
copolymer
37
二元共聚物
binary copolymer
38
三元共聚物
terpolymer
39
多元聚合物
multipolymer
40
序列共聚物
sequential copolymer
41
多层共聚物
multilayer copolymer
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全
（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含:一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~)一高分子化学brｕｓh pｏlyｍerｃｏiｌing typｅpolｙmer二高分子反应齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应tｅlｏmeriｚaｔion２3 自发聚合spontaneｏus polymeｒizatｉｏn 24 预聚合prepolymｅrizatiｏn２5 后聚合pｏsｔpolｙmerizａｔion26 再聚合repoｌymerizatｉｏn27 铸塑聚合，浇铸聚合cast polymｅrization２8 链［式]聚合ｃhain poｌymeｒizaｔiｏn29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polｙmerizaｔiｏn3０双烯[类］聚合ｄiｅnｅｐolｙｍerizatiｏn31 加[成］聚［合］ａdditioｎpolyｍeriｚaｔion32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) ｆｒｅｅｒadicalｐolymerｉzaｔｉon，ｒadical polymｅrizaｔiｏｎ3３控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合contｒｏlled rａdiｃal polｙｍerizatｉon，ＣRP３4 活性自由基聚合liｖing radicａl ｐolymｅｒizａtion35 原子转移自由基聚合ａtom traｎsfｅr ｒaｄical polymｅｒizatiｏn,AＴＲP３6 反向原子转移自由基聚合ｒｅｖerse atom trａｎsfer ｒａｄicａlpolymeriｚａtion，ＲATRP37 可逆加成断裂链转移rｅvｅrsiｂle additiｏn fragmentatiｏｎcｈａintｒaｎｓｆｅr，RAＦT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nｉtroxide ｍediaｔeｄpolymeｒｉzatiｏｎ３9 稳定自由基聚合stable freｅrａｄicａｌpｏｌｙmeｒiｚａtiｏn，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isoｍerｉzatｉon pｏlymerization４1 自由基开环聚合ｒadicaｌrｉｎｇopeｎiｎｇpｏlymerｉｚatｉon42 氧化还原聚合redox pｏlyｍerｉzatiｏn43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dｅaｄeｎd pｏlymｅｒizａtｉoｎ44 光［致]聚合photo polymeriｚation45 光引发聚合ｌｉghtｉnitiateｄpolyｍｅrizatioｎ4６光敏聚合ｐhotoseｎｓｉtiｚeｄpolyｍerizaｔｉon ４7 四中心聚合fouｒｃeｎter polymerizatiｏn４８电荷转移聚合cｈarｇe trａnsfｅr polymｅrizaｔion４９辐射引发聚合radｉａｔｉon ｉｎitｉaｔed polymeｒizａtiｏn5０热聚合ｔhermal pｏlymerｉzatｉon5１电解聚合ｅlｅctrｏlytｉc polymerizaｔion5２等离子体聚合ｐlasmａpolyｍerizaｔion53 易位聚合ｍetａthｅｓｉs pｏｌymeｒｉzａtiｏn５4 开环易位聚合ring ｏpeniｎg metathｅsｉｓpｏlｙmerｉzatiｏn,ROＭP5５精密聚合prｅcision pｏｌｙmerｉzation５6 环化聚合cycloｐolｙmeｒｉｚation５7 拓扑化学聚合topochemical ｐｏｌｙmerization58 平衡聚合ｅｑuilibｒium polｙmerizaｔｉon59 离子［型］聚合ionic ｐolｙmｅrｉｚatiｏn60 辐射离子聚合raｄｉaｔｉｏn ion pｏlｙmeｒizaｔioｎ6１离子对聚合ｉoｎpaｉｒｐolymerizaｔioｎ62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合ｃationic poｌyｍerｉzaｔion63 碳正离子聚合cａrbenｉum ｉoｎpolymｅrization,carbocａｔｉｏnｉc pｏlyｍeｒizatｉoｎ６4 假正离子聚合ｐsｅudo ｃaｔionｉｃpｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ65 假正离子活［性]聚合pｓeｕｄｏcatｉoniｃliｖinｇｐolymｅriｚatiｏn６6 活性正离子聚合lｉviｎｇｃationic pｏｌymerｉｚatｉon 6７负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anｉoniｃpolymeｒｉzaｔion68 碳负离子聚合carbanｉonic ｐｏlymerization69 活性负离子聚合living ａniｏnic polymerｉｚation70 负离子环化聚合ａｎiｏnic cycｌopolymｅrizａtion71 负离子电化学聚合ａnionic ｅlectrocheｍical polymeriｚatｉｏｎ７2 负离子异构化聚合anｉoｎiｃisｏmerizaｔｉoｎｐoｌymeｒiｚation７3 烯丙基聚合allylic ｐｏlymeｒiｚａtion74 活[性］聚合lｉving poｌyｍeｒizａｔion75 两性离子聚合ｚｗｉttｅｒion polymeｒizatｉｏn76 齐格勒－纳塔聚合Zieｇler Ｎａｔｔa polyｍｅrｉzatｉon 7７配位聚合coorｄiｎaｔion polｙmerizａtｉｏn78 配位离子聚合coorｄiｎaｔed ioｎic ｐoｌｙmeｒiｚａtion79 配位负离子聚合coorｄinated ａnionic polｙmｅｒiｚaｔion80 配位正离子聚合coorｄinaｔeｄｃatｉoｎic polyｍerizatiｏn81 插入聚合insｅrｔｉon polyｍeｒizatiｏn82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stｅreorｅgularｐｏlymerizａｔｉoｎ, st ｅreｏspｅcific poｌｙmｅrizatiｏｎ8３有规立构聚合tactｉc pｏｌymeｒiｚatiｏn84 全同立构聚合isｏspeｃｉfｉc poｌymeriｚａｔｉoｎ８5 不对称诱导聚合asymｍetric inductｉoｎpｏlｙmｅrizａtion86 不对称选择性聚合ａsymmetric ｓeｌecｔive ｐolymerizａtｉｏn87 不对称立体选择性聚合aｓyｍｍeｔriｃsterｅｏｓelectivｅpoｌymerization８８对映［体]不对称聚合enanｔｉoasymｍeｔｒic pｏｌymerizａtｉon89 对映[体]对称聚合ｅｎaｎtiｏsｙmmｅｔric poｌymerizａtｉon90 异构化聚合ｉsomｅrizatiｏｎｐolymerizatiｏｎ91 氢转移聚合hydrogeｎtransfer polｙmeｒizatｉon９2 基团转移聚合gｒoup ｔrａnsfｅｒpolymerｉｚation,ＧＴP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization９4 模板聚合matrix pｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ,temｐｌaｔepoｌymｅrizａtion９５插层聚合inteｒcalａｔiｏn ｐolymeｒizａtioｎ９6 无催化聚合uncatalyｚed pｏlymeriｚatｉon97 开环聚合rｉｎg oｐｅｎingｐｏlymerｉzatｉon98 活性开环聚合liviｎg ring openingｐolymerization99 不死的聚合imｍortal ｐｏlymｅrizａtion100 酶聚合作用ｅnzymatic poｌymｅｒｉｚａtion 101聚加成反应,逐步加成聚合(曾用名)ｐolyａdditioｎ102 偶联聚合couplｉngｐｏlｙｍerizａtｉｏn１03 序列聚合seｑueｎtial pｏlｙmｅrｉzation１０4 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flaｓｈpolymerizatioｎ105 氧化聚合oxidative polymeriｚaｔiｏn106 氧化偶联聚合oxidaｔive couplinｇｐolｙmｅriｚatｉｏn １0７逐步［增长］聚合step gｒｏwth polｙmerizａtｉon108缩聚反应condｅｎsation pｏlymerizatｉon，polycoｎdｅnsatｉon109 酯交换型聚合transeｓtｅrｉfｉcaｔion tｙpe pｏlymeｒizaｔioｎ,ｅsｔer excｈangｅpolyｃondｅnｓation110 自催化缩聚auｔoｃataｌytｉc ｐoｌｙcondeｎsａｔion111 均相聚合ｈomogeneoｕs ｐoｌｙmerizatｉon112 非均相聚合hｅterｏｇeneoｕs poｌymeｒｉzaｔｉｏn 113 相转化聚合phase inversiｏｎpolyｍｅｒizatｉoｎ11４本体聚合bulk ｐolymeriｚatiｏn, maｓｓpｏlymｅrｉzaｔiｏｎ1１5 固相聚合solｉd pｈaｓe pｏlymerizaｔion 11６气相聚合gaseous pｏｌｙmerizaｔion，gas phase pｏlymeｒizatｉｏn11７吸附聚合adsorｐtion polｙmｅrizａtiｏｎ118 溶液聚合sｏlｕtｉon polyｍerizａｔion119 沉淀聚合pｒecipitation poｌymｅrizatioｎ120 淤浆聚合slurry polｙｍerizatｉon1２1 悬浮聚合suｓpｅnｓion ｐolymerizatioｎ12２反相悬浮聚合reｖｅrsed pｈasｅsuｓｐension polｙmｅrization123 珠状聚合bead polymerizatｉoｎ, ｐeａrl polｙmeｒiｚaｔiｏn124 分散聚合dｉsｐersioｎｐolｙｍerｉzａtｉon125 反相分散聚合ｉnverse diｓpersｉoｎｐolymeriｚａｔｉｏｎ126 种子聚合seeｄｉｎｇpolymｅｒizaｔｉon 127 乳液聚合emｕlsｉｏn polyｍerizaｔion128 无乳化剂乳液聚合eｍｕｌsifｉer fｒee ｅｍulｓion polyｍerｉzation129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulｓion ｐolｙｍerizａｔｉon 13０微乳液聚合ｍicrｏeｍulｓiｏn ｐoｌｙmerizａtion 131 连续聚合conｔinuous ｐolymｅrizaｔｉon１32 半连续聚合ｓeｍｉcoｎtinuｏus polymerｉｚation 1３３分批聚合,间歇聚合batcｈpoｌymｅｒizatｉｏn13４原位聚合in situ pｏｌｙmerizaｔｉｏn135 均相缩聚ｈomopolycｏndensaｔioｎ136 活化缩聚activated poｌyconｄeｎsａtion１37 熔融缩聚melt phase ｐolｙｃondｅnsaｔion1３8 固相缩聚solｉd phaｓe polycondensaｔｉｏn１３９体型缩聚three dｉmｅnｓｉonal ｐolｙｃondｅnsation140 界面聚合iｎterfacial polymeｒization1４1 界面缩聚intｅrfａcial pｏlycｏndensａtｉon１4２环加成聚合cｙcloaｄｄition ｐolｙmeriｚatｉoｎ14３环烯聚合cｙclｏalｋeneｐｏlymeriｚａtioｎ144 环硅氧烷聚合cyｃｌoｓilｏxａｎe polymeriｚation 14５引发剂ｉnｉｔiatｏr146 引发剂活性acｔivity of iniｔiatoｒ147 聚合催化剂ｐｏlymｅrization catalysｔ14８自由基引发剂radiｃal iｎitiatoｒ１４9 偶氮［类]引发剂azo typｅiｎiｔiaｔoｒ15０2,2′偶氮二异丁腈２，2＇-ａzｏbｉｓiｓobutyｒoｎiｔriｌｅ, ＡIBN1５1 过氧化苯甲酰benzｏyl perｏxｉdｅ,ＢPＯ１52 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate inｉtiａtor1５3 复合引发体系complｅｘinitiatｉon syｓteｍ1５4 氧化还原引发剂redｏx ｉnｉtiaｔor155电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物charge ｔransfer coｍplex，CTＣ1５６聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂pｏlyｍeｒｉzatｉon aｃｃeleｒator 15７光敏引发剂photoiｎiｔｉaｔor158 双官能引发剂bifunctionａｌiniｔiaｔor, ｄifuｎctｉｏnaｌinitiaｔｏr159 三官能引发剂trｉfunｃｔionａl initiａtor１60 大分子引发剂maｃｒoｉnitiatｏr1６1 引发－转移剂initiatoｒｔｒansfer ａgent, iniｆer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiａtor ｔｒansfer ageｎt terminaｔｏｒ，ｉｎifeｒter163 光引发转移终止剂ｐhｏtoiｎifertｅｒ164 热引发转移终止剂thｅrｍoinifｅrter16５正离子催化剂caｔｉonｉc catａlｙst166 正离子引发剂cationic inｉｔｉatoｒ１67 负离子引发剂iｏnioic initｉatoｒ168 共引发剂coｉnitiａtoｒ169 烷基锂引发剂aｌkyｌｌｉthium iniｔiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anｉoｎraｄｉｃal ｉｎitｉａtor 171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin iniｔｉａtor172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Zｉｅgler Nａｔtａcａtalyｓt１7３过渡金属催化剂transｉtion metal ｃａtａlysｔ1７4 双组分催化剂biｃoｍponeｎt catａｌysｔ175 后过渡金属催化剂laｔe tranｓｉtion metａl cataｌyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metａl complｅx catａlyｓt177 [二]茂金属催化剂ｍeｔallocｅne catａlysｔ178 甲基铝氧烷metｈyｌalumiｎｏxａｎe, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂biｍeｔallic μ-oxo ａlkoxiｄｅｓcａtａlyｓt180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catａlｙst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metalｌoｃenｅ１８2限定几何构型茂金属催化剂cｏnｓtｒained gｅometry meｔａllocenｅcatａlysｔ183 均相茂金属催化剂hｏmogeneoｕｓmｅtａｌlocenｅcataｌｙst184 链引发ｃhain initiatiｏn185 热引发tｈｅrｍａｌinｉtiatｉｏn186 染料敏化光引发dye ｓensｉｔized pｈtoinｉtｉation 187 电荷转移引发chargｅtransfｅｒinitｉatｉon１88 诱导期induｃｔion periｏd１89 引发剂效率ｉnitiator eｆfiｃiｅncｙ19０诱导分解indｕced dｅcompｏｓitｉoｎ191 再引发ｒeiｎitiatiｏn1９2 链增长ｃｈａin ｇrowth, cｈain prｏpagatiｏｎ193 增长链端pｒopagａtingｃhaｉｎend194 活性种reactivｅｓpeciｅs1９5 活性中心aｃtｉve cｅnter19６持续自由基persistｅnｔradiｃal197 聚合最高温度cｅillｉng tempeｒａture of poｌymeｒｉzaｔiｏn１98 链终止cｈaｉn terｍinatiｏn１9９双分子终止ｂimoｌeculaｒterminatｉoｎ200 初级自由基终止primaｒy radｉcal terｍｉnation201 扩散控制终止dｉffusioｎconｔｒolled terminatｉoｎ202 歧化终止disｐrｏportioｎation termination20３偶合终止coupling terminaｔｉon２04 单分子终止unimｏｌecular tｅrmiｎaｔion20５自发终止spｏnｔaneous termiｎation２06 终止剂terminａtoｒ2０７链终止剂chaiｎｔermｉｎatｉng ａｇｅnｔ208 假终止ｐseuｄotｅrmiｎａｔion209 自发终止self tｅrｍination２１０自由基捕获剂raｄical sｃａvenger２11 旋转光闸法ｒotａting sectoｒmeｔｈoｄ2１2 自由基寿命free radiｃａｌｌｉfetｉme21３凝胶效应geｌeffect２14 自动加速效应ａｕｔｏａccelerａtiｏnｅffｅｃt 215 链转移cｈain traｎｓfer216 链转移剂cｈain tranｓfer ａｇent217 尾咬转移bａｃｋｂiｔting traｎsfeｒ218 退化链转移dｅgradａｔion (degrａdatｉｖｅ) cｈaｉnｔrａｎsfｅr2１9 加成断裂链转移[反应] aｄdｉtｉon fragmentatioｎchaiｎtｒａnsfer220 链转移常数cｈain transｆer coｎｓtant 221①缓聚作用②延迟作用reｔardation22２阻聚作用inhｉbition２23 缓聚剂retaｒdｅr２24 缓聚剂,阻滞剂rｅtardｉnｇａｇｅｎｔ225 阻聚剂inｈibｉtoｒ22６封端[反应］eｎｄcaｐpinｇ2２7 端基terｍｉｎaｌgrｏup22８聚合动力学polymｅrizatioｎkｉｎetics229 聚合热力学poｌyｍerizatiｏn theｒmoｄynａmｉｃs ２30 聚合热heat of polymerizａtiｏn231 共聚合［反应] coｐolyｍerization2３2 二元共聚合biｎaｒy coｐolyｍｅrizatｉon23３三元共聚合tｅrnarｙcopolｙmerｉzaｔion２34 竞聚率reacｔivity ratio2３5 自由基共聚合rａdｉcａｌcopｏlymerizatｉon236 离子共聚合iｏnicｃopｏlyｍerization２37 无规共聚合rａｎdom copolｙmerization238 理想共聚合ideaｌcopolymerｉzaｔｉon239 交替共聚合aｌternａtinｇcopｏlymeｒizａtiｏn 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotｒｏpic coｐｏlyｍerizatｉｏn2４１接枝共聚合grafｔcopoｌyｍｅrizaｔiｏn24２嵌段共聚合block copｏlyｍerｉzatｉon24３开环共聚合riｎg opeｎｉnｇcopolyｍeｒizａtiｏn 244 共聚合方程copolymｅｒization equaｔｉon245 共缩聚ｃｏpoｌycoｎｄenｓatｉon246 逐步共聚合step copolymerizatioｎ２47 同种增长ｈoｍｏproｐaｇａｔion２４8 自增长sｅlf prｏpａｇaｔioｎ249 交叉增长cｒoss proｐａｇａtiｏｎ２50 前末端基效应ｐeｎulｔiｍaｔｅeｆfect251 交叉终止croｓｓterminａｔｉoｎ2５２Q值Q ｖaluｅ253 ｅ值e vaｌue2５4 Q,e概念Q, e scｈｅme２55 序列长度分布sequｅnce length ｄisｔｒｉbｕｔioｎ2５6 侧基反应reactｉon oｆｐendａnt group257 扩链剂,链增长剂cｈain extｅｎder2５8 交联crｏsｓｌinｋing2５9 化学交联chemｉｃal cｒossliｎkinｇ260 自交联ｓelf cｒosｓｌinｋｉnｇ261 光交联photocroｓｓｌinking262 交联度deｇreｅof crosslｉnkinｇ２6３硫化vulcaｎizatｉon2６4 固化cｕｒｉng26５硫［黄］硫化sulfｕr ｖulｃaniｚatｉon2６6 促进硫化accｅｌeraｔed suｌfｕr vuｌcａnｉzatｉon 2６７过氧化物交联pｅroxide ｃｒｏｓslinｋing２68 无规交联randoｍcｒossｌｉnｋinｇ269 交联密度crossｌinking ｄensiｔy270 交联指数crossｌinking indｅx２71 解聚dｅpolｙmｅriｚａtion272 ①降解②退化degradation27３链断裂cｈａin breaking274 解聚酶ｄepolymerase2７5 细菌降解bacｔｅrｉal deｇradatｉoｎ三高分子物理23蠕虫状链worm-lｉｋe ｃｈain24柔性链fｌｅｘiｂｌe cｈain25链柔性ｃhaｉｎｆlexiｂｉlity26刚性链rigiｄchａｉn27棒状链rodlｉｋe chain28链刚性chaiｎriｇidity29聚集aggregaｔiｏn30聚集体ａgｇrｅgａtｅ31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结cｈaiｎentangｌement33凝聚缠结cｏｈesiｏｎal ｅntanglement34物理缠结physical entaｎgｌement35拓扑缠结topｏloｇical ｅntanglｅｍｅnt36凝聚相condeｎｓeｄphａse37凝聚态cｏndenｓeｄstａtｅ38凝聚过程coｎdensing pｒｏcesｓ39临界聚集浓度crｉtical aggregａtion conｃentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-glｏbｕle ｔrａnsitioｎ41受限链coｎｆinｅd chain42受限态confｉｎｅd sｔａte43物理交联phyｓicaｌcrosslinking44统计线团ｓtatisticaｌｃoil45等效链ｅquivalｅnｔcｈaｉn46统计链段ｓtaｔisｔiｃal seｇment47链段ｃhａｉn sｅgmｅｎｔ48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型ｒａｎdoｍcoiｌmodeｌ50无规行走模型random ｗaｌk model51自避随机行走模型self avｏｉdｉｎg walk model52卷曲构象ｃoiled conformatioｎ53高斯链Ｇａussian ｃhａin54无扰尺寸unｐeｒturbｅd dimension55扰动尺寸perturbｅｄdimｅｎｓiｏｎ56热力学等效球thermｏｄynamicaｌlｙeｑuivalｅnｔｓｐｈere57近程分子内相互作用ｓhort-ｒange intramolｅcular inｔｅrａctｉon58远程分子内相互作用loｎg-range intｒamolecular iｎteracｔｉｏn 59链间相互作用interchａｉｎinteracｔion60链间距intｅrchain spaｃinｇ61长程有序long raｎge orｄer62近程有序sｈort ｒange ordeｒ63回转半径ｒadiuｓof gyration64末端间矢量ｅnd-tｏ-enｄveｃｔor65链末端cｈaｉn enｄ66末端距ｅnd-to-end dｉｓtanｃe67无扰末端距unperｔurbｅd end－to-end dｉｓｔance68均方根末端距root-mean-squａｒe enｄ-ｔo－endｄiｓtａnｃe69伸直长度cｏntourｌｅｎgｔｈ70相关长度perｓiｓteｎcｅlｅngｔh71主链；链骨架chａin backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chaiｎbrａnｃhinｇ74短支链shｏrt-cｈａin brancｈ75长支链loｎg-chaｉn brａnch76支化系数brａncｈiｎｇｉndex77支化密度bｒanching ｄｅnsiｔｙ78支化度degree of brancｈinｇ79交联度ｄｅgreｅof croｓsliｎkinｇ80网络netｗｏｒｋ81网络密度ｎetwｏｒk dｅnsity82溶胀ｓwｅlling83平衡溶胀equilｉbｒium swellinｇ84分子组装，分子组合moleculａr asｓeｍbly85自组装self ａssemblｙ86微凝胶mｉｃrogel87凝胶点gｅl ｐｏiｎｔ88可逆[性］凝胶revｅrｓiｂlｅgel89溶胶-凝胶转化soｌ-gel tｒaｎsformatｉｏn90临界胶束浓度criticaｌmｉcｅｌｌe cｏnceｎtrａｔiｏn,CＭC91组成非均一性conｓｔitutionａl heterogeｎity, ｃomposiｔioｎａl hｅterｏgenity92摩尔质量平均ｍoｌａr mａssａｖerage 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量ｎumbeｒ-averagｅmolｅcular wｅigｈt,number-avｅrａge molaｒｍass94重均分子量wｅight-avｅｒａge moｌecular weｉｇht,ｗeｉgｈt-aveｒａge moｌar ｍass95Z均分子量Ｚ(Zａverage)－average molecular weight，Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosｉty－aｖeｒage molｅcular wｅighｔ，viscosity-avｅrage molar masｓ97表观摩尔质量aｐpａrent molａr mass98表观分子量ａppａｒent molecｕlaｒwｅight99聚合度degree oｆpoｌymｅrizatｉoｎ100动力学链长ｋinｅｔic chain lｅngth101单分散性monｏdiｓperｓｉtｙ102临界分子量cｒitｉｃaｌmolecuｌar ｗeiｇｈｔ103分子量分布moleｃuｌar weｉghｔdｉsｔｒibｕｔｉon,MWD104多分散性指数poｌｙdispｅｒsity index，PＩＤ105平均聚合度aveｒage deｇreｅoｆｐolyｍｅｒｉｚａtｉon106质量分布函数mass diｓtribuｔiｏｎfｕnction107数量分布函数numｂer distribｕtiｏn funcｔion108重量分布函数wｅight dｉsｔributiｏｎfｕnction109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Scｈｕｌz-Zimｍdｉstrｉbｕtion110最概然分布most probaｂlｅdistｒiｂｕtｉｏn曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logaｒithmｉc normal distrｉbuｔiｏｎ又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polｙmer solutioｎ113聚合物-溶剂相互作用ｐolymer-soｌvent ｉntｅractｉon114溶剂热力学性质thｅｒmｏdynamic qｕａlity of sｏlｖｅnt115均方末端距meａn squaｒe end to ｅnｄdｉstaｎce116均方旋转半径meａｎsｑuａｒe rａdius ｏf gyration117θ温度ｔheta tempeｒature118θ态ｔhetａstaｔe119θ溶剂theｔa ｓｏlvｅnt120良溶剂goｏｄsｏlvent121不良溶剂poor solｖenｔ122位力系数Ｖiｒial coeｆficieｎt 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积eｘｃlｕｄｅd volume124溶胀因子expａnｓiｏn ｆaｃｔor125溶胀度ｄegrｅe of swｅlｌiｎｇ126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Florｙ-Hｕggins thｅｏry127哈金斯公式Ｈuggiｎｓequaｔｉoｎ128哈金斯系数Ｈuggiｎs coefｆicient129χ(相互作用）参数χ－paｒamｅter130溶度参数ｓolubｉliｔy paraｍeter131摩擦系数fｒicｔionalｃoｅfficiｅnt132流体力学等效球ｈydrｏdynamicａllｙequｉvaleｎｔsｐhｅｒｅ133流体力学体积hydrodynamｉc volｕｍe134珠-棒模型bead-rod modｅl135球-簧链模型ball-sprｉng [ｃｈａin］model136流动双折射fｌow birｅｆringence, stｒeaming birefringｅｎcｅ137动态光散射dynamic liｇht scaｔｔerｉng138小角激光光散射ｌowａngle lａser lighｔscatterｉng 139沉降平衡ｓeｄimentａtiｏn eｑｕiｌibriuｍ140沉降系数seｄiｍentaｔｉｏnｃoeｆfｉcienｔ141沉降速度法sedimｅntatioｎvｅlｏcity ｍｅthod142沉降平衡法ｓedｉｍenｔatｉon equilｉbriuｍｍeｔhoｄ143相对黏度reｌaｔivｅviscｏsｉｔy144相对黏度增量reｌaｔiｖｅｖiｓcositｙincｒement 145黏度比vｉscosiｔy ratio146黏数ｖisｃosity nuｍｂeｒ147[乌氏］稀释黏度计[Uｂbeｌoｈde] diｌｕtｉｏn viｓcomｅｔer148毛细管黏度计ｃapillary visｃometer149落球黏度计ｂaｌl ｖｉscometer150落球黏度ball viｓｃosiｔy151本体黏度bｕlk viｓcｏsｉｔy152比浓黏度rｅducｅd viscｏsitｙ153比浓对数黏度inｈerenｔｖiscoｓity,logａｒithmic visｃｏsity numｂeｒ154特性黏数iｎtrｉnsic ｖiscｏsiｔy，liｍiting ｖisｃosｉｔy nuｍbｅr155黏度函数viｓcｏsｉtｙfunｃtion156零切变速率黏度zero ｓｈear ｖiscｏｓｉty157端基分析ａnalysis of end ｇroup158蒸气压渗透法ｖａporｐｒｅssuｒｅoｓｍomｅｔrｙ,ＶPO159辐射的相干弹性散射ｃoherｅnt elastiｃｓcatｔeriｎg of raｄiatｉｏｎ160折光指数增量refrａｃtive ｉnｄex incremeｎt161瑞利比Rａylｅigh rａtio162超瑞利比ｅxcess Rａylｅigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering funｃtiｏn164粒子散射因子pａrｔｉclｅｓｃａtteｒiｎg fａｃtｏr 165齐姆图Zimm ｐlot166散射的非对称性ｄissymｍetrｙof scatterinｇ167解偏振作用ｄepｏｌarｉzａtion168分级fractｉｏｎation169沉淀分级pｒeｃipitation fｒactionａｔioｎ170萃取分级extrａction frａｃtｉonation171色谱分级cｈｒomatｏｇｒaphic fraｃｔionatｉon 172柱分级coluｍnｆrａctｉoｎａtion173洗脱分级,淋洗分级ｅlutｉon ｆrａcｔionａtion174热分级ｔhermal fｒactionaｔion175凝胶色谱法gel chroｍatoｇraphy176摩尔质量排除极限ｍoｌar masｓexclusioｎlimｉt177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solｖeｎt grａｄieｎt [elutioｎ] chromaｔｏｇrａphy178分子量排除极限molecular ｗeigｈt exclusioｎｌｉmｉｔ179洗脱体积elutｉon vｏluｍe180普适标定univeｒsal calibratiｏn181加宽函数spreadｉng function182链轴ｃhaiｎaxiｓ183等同周期iｄentiｔy ｐｅｒioｄ184链重复距离ｃhaiｎｒeｐeating diｓｔanｃe185晶体折叠周期cｒｙstaｌｌiｎｅfold period186构象重复单元ｃonfｏrmational reｐeatｉng unit187几何等效gｅomｅtｒicaｌｅquivaｌeｎce188螺旋链helｉx ｃhaｉn189构型无序conｆｉｇuraｔionａlｄisorder190链取向无序chain orｉentationａl disorder191构象无序confoｒmationａｌdiｓｏrｄer192锯齿链ziｇｚaｇchaｉｎ193双[股]螺旋double strａndｅd helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chａin ｏrｉｅntａｔion195结晶聚合物crｙstalｌine ｐolyｍer196半结晶聚合物semｉ-crｙｓtallｉnｅｐoｌymer197高分子晶体pｏｌymｅr crystaｌ198高分子微晶pｏlymeｒｃrystallite199结晶度ｄeｇreｅof crystallinity, crｙstａlｌinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象ｍaｃrｏmoｌｅcuｌar ｉsomorpｈｉｓm 201聚合物形态学morphologｙｏf polyｍeｒ202片晶laｍｅlla, ｌａmｅlｌaｒcryｓtａl 203轴晶axialiｔe204树枝[状]晶体dendｒite205纤维晶fibrouｓcｒystal206串晶结构shｉsh-kebab ｓtrｕｃｔｕre207球晶ｓpheruliｔe208折叠链folded chain209链折叠ｃhａｉｎfｏlｄinｇ210折叠表面foｌd sｕrface211折叠面ｆold planｅ212折叠微区fold domaｉｎ213相邻再入模型adjaｃent re－entｒy modｅl214接线板模型sｗｉtchbｏａｒd mｏｄel215缨状微束模型frinｇeｄ－ｍiｃelle mｏｄel216折叠链晶体ｆoｌded-chａin crystal217平行链晶体parａlｌeｌ-chaｉn crystal218伸展链晶体ｅxｔended－cｈaｉn cryｓtal219球状链晶体ｇlｏbuｌar-chaｉn ｃｒysｔal220长周期ｌong peｒioｄ221近程结构shoｒt-raｎge stｒuｃture222远程结构ｌonｇ-ｒange structure223成核作用nucｌｅａtioｎ224分子成核作用molｅcｕlaｒnuｃｌeaｔion225阿夫拉米方程Ａｖｒａｍｉｅquation226主结晶primａry cryｓｔalliｚatｉon227后期结晶secondaryｃrystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶ｅpitａxialｃrｙｓtallizａtiｏｎ229外延晶体生长,附生晶体epiｔａxial gｒｏwth生长230织构ｔｅxtｕｒe231液晶态ｌiｑuid crｙsｔal ｓtate232溶致性液晶ｌyoｔｏpic liquiｄcｒystal233热致性液晶ｔherｍotropic liｑuｉｄcryｓtal234热致性介晶thｅrmotｒopic mesomorｐhism235近晶相液晶ｓmectｉｃliquid cryｓtal236近晶中介相sｍectic mｅsophaｓｅ237近晶相smｅcｔｉcｐhase238条带织构baｎded textｕｒｅ239环带球晶ｒｉｎged spherulitｅ240向列相neｍａｔｉc pｈaｓe241盘状相discotic pｈase242解取向ｄｉsoriｅnｔａｔiｏn243分聚ｓegｒegation244非晶相aｍorpｈoｕs phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amoｒphｏuｓregioｎ246非晶态amorｐｈous ｓｔatｅ247非晶取向amorphｏuｓoriｅntaｔｉon248链段运动sｅgmental motｉｏｎ249亚稳态ｍetasｔaｂle state250相分离phase ｓeparation251亚稳相分离spｉｎodal decompoｓition252bimoｄal dｅcompoｓiｔioｎ253微相miｃropｈaｓｅ254界面相boundarｙｐhase255相容性compaｔiｂｉlｉty256混容性misｃibility257不相容性inｃompａtｉbｉliｔｙ258不混容性immiｓcibｉlity259增容作用cｏmpaｔiibｉlizａｔiｏn260最低临界共溶（溶解)温度ｌower critｉcal soluｔion tｅｍpeｒatｕr ｅ, ＬCSTﻩ261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度uｐper critiｃａｌsolutｉｏn tempeｒature , UＣＳT262浓度猝灭coｎcentraｔioｎqｕenching263激基缔合物荧光exｃimer ｆluoreｓｃeｎce264激基复合物荧光eｘcｉplex fluorescｅnce265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜ｌａser confocaｌｆluｏrｅscence ｍicｒoscｏpy266单轴取向uniaxial ｏｒientation267双轴取向biaxｉaｌｏｒiｅntatioｎ,bioriｅntation 268取向度ｄegree of oriｅntaｔｉon269橡胶态ｒuｂｂer sｔatｅ270玻璃态ｇlassyｓtａtｅ271高弹态eｌastomerｉｃsｔaｔｅ272黏流态viscous fｌow state273伸长ｅlongatｉon274高弹形变ｈighｅlaｓtic dｅfｏｒmation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio，exｔenｓiｏn ratｉｏ277泊松比Poiｓson's raｔiｏ278杨氏模量Yｏung's modｕlus279本体模量bulｋmoduｌus280剪切模量shearｍｏdulus281法向应力normal ｓtreｓs282剪切应力shｅar strｅss283剪切应变ｓheａｒstｒain284屈服yｉelｄinｇ285颈缩现象necｋiｎｇ又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力ｙieｌd stress287屈服应变yieｌd stｒａin288脆性断裂briｔtle fraｃtuｒe289脆性开裂ｂrittle crackｉｎｇ290脆-韧转变ｂrittlｅｄｕｃtｉleｔrａnsｉｔｉon291脆化温度brｉttleｎeｓｓ(brｉttle) temperaｔure292延性破裂duｃｔile fｒａcturｅ293冲击强度ｉmpact strengtｈ294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度, brｅakinｇstrength”295极限拉伸强度uｌtimate ｔensile sｔrength296抗撕强度tｅariｎg strenｇth 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flｅxｕrａl ｓtrｅｎgtｈ，benｄiｎg strｅnｇtｈ298弯曲模量ｂending modｕlｕs299弯曲应变benｄｉng sｔrａｉn300弯曲应力benｄiｎg ｓtress301收缩开裂shrinkａge cｒａck302剪切强度sheａｒstrength303剥离强度peeｌing ｓtrengｔh304疲劳强度fａtigue ｓtｒｅnｇtｈ, fａtigue resiｓtａnce305挠曲deｆｌectiｏｎ306压缩强度compreｓｓive ｓtｒenｇth307压缩永久变形compressionｓｅt308压缩变形cｏmｐｒeｓsive deformation309压痕硬度ｉnｄenｔation haｒdnｅss310洛氏硬度Rockweｌｌｈａrdnｅｓs311布氏硬度Ｂrｉnell hardness312抗刮性scｒaｔh rｅsistanｃe313断裂力学ｆracture mechanics314力学破坏mechaｎicaｌfailuｒe315应力强度因子ｓtｒｅss intenｓity faｃtor316断裂伸长elongａtion at bｒｅaｋ317屈服强度yield strｅｎgth318断裂韧性fractuｒe tougｈneｓs319弹性形变ｅlａstｉcｄeｆorｍatioｎ320弹性滞后elasｔic hｙsｔｅreｓiｓ321弹性ｅlａstｉｃiｔy322弹性模量ｍｏdulus oｆeｌasticity323弹性回复elastｉc recovery324不可回复形变irｒecoｖerable dｅfoｒｍatiｏn325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹crａze327形变;变形defｏrmａtion328永久变形dｅformatiｏn seｔ329剩余变形ｒesidual defoｒmatｉoｎ330剩余伸长ｒeｓiｄuａl ｓtreｔcｈ331回弹，回弹性rｅｓilience332延迟形变rｅtarｄed ｄefｏrmation333延迟弹性rｅtaｒdeｄｅlaｓticity334可逆形变reversibｌe defｏrｍation335应力开裂stress crackｉｎｇ336应力-应变曲线streｓｓｓtｒａｉｎcurve337拉伸应变ｓｔretｃhing ｓtrａｉｎ338拉伸应力弛豫tensilｅstrｅｓs ｒｅlaｘaｔiｏn 339热历史ｔhermaｌhistoｒy340热收缩thermoshrinkiｎｇ341扭辫分析torsioｎal braiｄanalyｓｉs,TBA 342应力致白stｒｅsｓwhｉtｅｎing343应变能sｔrain energy344应变张量strａiｎｔensor345剩余应力ｒesｉduaｌstress346应变硬化sｔraiｎhardeniｎg347应变软化strain ｓoftｅｎing348电流变液eleｃtrｏｒheologiｃal fluid349假塑性pseｕｄｏplａsｔic350拉胀性auxiticitｙ351牛顿流体Neｗtoniaｎｆｌuid352非牛顿流体non-Nｅwtonian flｕid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fｌuid354冷流cold fｌｏw355牛顿剪切黏度Newｔoｎｉan ｓhearｖiscoｓity 356剪切黏度sheaｒviscｏsｉty357表观剪切黏度apｐareｎt sheaｒviscosity358剪切变稀ｓｈear thiｎning359触变性thｉxｏtropy360塑性形变plasｔic defｏrmatioｎ361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫ｖolｕme relａxation363拉伸黏度exteｎｓiｏｎaｌｖiscosity364黏弹性viscoｅlａstｉciｔy365线性黏弹性ｌinear vｉscoelastｉcitｙ366非线性黏弹性non-ｌｉnearｖiscoｅlasticｉｔy367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaｘａtioｎ又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation ｍoｄｕｌus370蠕变柔量creep cｏmpliａnce371热畸变温度hｅａt diｓtorｔion temｐeｒaｔurｅ372弛豫谱relａｘation sｐecｔrum373推迟［时间]谱ｒetａｒdatiｏｎ[ｔｉｍe］spectrｕm374弛豫时间rｅlａxａtion timｅ375推迟时间retardａtion tｉｍe376动态力学行为ｄｙnamiｃmeｃhaｎiｃaｌbehaviｏr377动态黏弹性dｙnamic viｓcoelastiｃity378热-机械曲线thｅrｍo-mecｈａｎical cuｒve379动态转变dynａmｉc ｔraｎｓiｔion380储能模量ｓtoragｅmodulus381损耗模量lｏｓｓmodｕｌｕｓ382复数模量complex moｄuluｓ383复数柔量cｏmｐｌｅx ｃoｍpliａｎce384动态黏度dynamic viscosｉｔy385复数黏度complex viscｏsity386复数介电常数compｌex ｄieleｃtric ｐｅrｍｉttivity387介电损耗因子dｉelectric disｓｉpａtｉon fａcｔｏr388介电损耗常数dｉｅleｃtric loｓｓｃonstａntﻬ四高分子加工技术和应用。
（完整版）高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总
冷轧 cold rolling 压延性 calenderability 压延 calendering 埋置 embedding 压片 preforming
模塑 molding 模压成型 compression molding 压缩成型 compression forming 冲压模塑 impact moulding， shock moulding 叠模压塑 stack moulding 复合成型 composite molding 注射成型 injec on molding 注塑压缩成型 injec on compression molding 射流注塑 jet molding 无流道冷料注塑 runnerless injec on molding 共注塑 coinjec on molding
惰性填料 inert filler 增塑剂 plas cizer 辅增塑剂 coplas cizer 增粘剂 tackifier 增容剂 compa bilizer
增塑增容剂 plas cizer extender 分散剂 dispersant agent 结构控制剂 cons tu on controller 色料 colorant 荧光增白剂 op cal bleaching agent 抗降解剂 an degradant 防老剂 an -aging agent 防臭氧剂 an ozonant 抗龟裂剂 an cracking agent 抗疲劳剂 an -fa gue agent 抗微生物剂 biocide
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05.高分子化学高分子物质coiling typepolymer05.2聚合与高分子化学反应14活化单体activatedmonomer15官能单体functionalmonomer16大分子单体macromer,macromonomer 17环状单体cyclicmonomer18共聚单体comonomer19聚合［反应］polymerization20均聚反应homopolymerization21低聚反应，齐聚反应(曾用名)oligomerization22调聚反应telomerization23自发聚合spontaneouspolymerization 24预聚合prepolymerization25后聚合postpolymerization26再聚合repolymerization27铸塑聚合,浇铸聚合castpolymerization28链［式］聚合chainpolymerization29烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinylpolymerization30双烯［类］聚合dienepolymerization31加［成］聚［合］additionpolymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名)freeradicalpolymerization, radicalpolymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlledradicalpolymerization，CRP 34活性自由基聚合livingradicalpolymerization35原子转移自由基聚合atomtransferradicalpolymerization，ATRP36反向原子转移自由基聚合reverseatomtransferradicalpolymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversibleadditionfragmentationchaintransfer，RAFT38氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxidemediatedpolymerization39稳定自由基聚合stablefreeradicalpolymerization，FRP40自由基异构化聚合freeradicalisomerizationpolymerization41自由基开环聚合radicalringopeningpolymerization 42氧化还原聚合redoxpolymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)deadendpolymerization44光［致］聚合photopolymerization45光引发聚合lightinitiatedpolymerization46光敏聚合photosensitizedpolymerization47四中心聚合fourcenterpolymerization48电荷转移聚合chargetransferpolymerization49辐射引发聚合radiationinitiatedpolymerization 50热聚合thermalpolymerization51电解聚合electrolyticpolymerization52等离子体聚合plasmapolymerization53易位聚合metathesispolymerization54开环易位聚合ringopeningmetathesispolymerization，ROMP55精密聚合precisionpolymerization56环化聚合cyclopolymerization57拓扑化学聚合topochemicalpolymerization 58平衡聚合equilibriumpolymerization 59离子［型］聚合ionicpolymerization60辐射离子聚合radiationionpolymerization61离子对聚合ionpairpolymerization 62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationicpolymerization63碳正离子聚合carbeniumionpolymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64假正离子聚合pseudocationicpolymerization65假正离子活［性］聚合pseudocationiclivingpolymerization 66活性正离子聚合livingcationicpolymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionicpolymerization68碳负离子聚合carbanionicpolymerization69活性负离子聚合livinganionicpolymerization70负离子环化聚合anioniccyclopolymerization71负离子电化学聚合anionicelectrochemicalpolymerization 72负离子异构化聚合anionicisomerizationpolymerization 73烯丙基聚合allylicpolymerization74活［性］聚合livingpolymerization75两性离子聚合zwitterionpolymerization76齐格勒-纳塔聚合ZieglerNattapolymerization77配位聚合coordinationpolymerization78配位离子聚合coordinatedionicpolymerization79配位负离子聚合coordinatedanionicpolymerization80配位正离子聚合coordinatedcationicpolymerization81插入聚合insertionpolymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregularpolymerization,stereospe cificpolymerization83有规立构聚合tacticpolymerization84全同立构聚合isospecificpolymerization85不对称诱导聚合asymmetricinductionpolymerization 86不对称选择性聚合asymmetricselectivepolymerization87不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetricstereoselectivepolymerization88对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetricpolymerization 89对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetricpolymerization 90异构化聚合isomerizationpolymerization91氢转移聚合hydrogentransferpolymerization 92基团转移聚合grouptransferpolymerization，GTP 93消除聚合eliminationpolymerization94模板聚合matrixpolymerization,templatepolymerization95插层聚合intercalationpolymerization96无催化聚合uncatalyzedpolymerization97开环聚合ringopeningpolymerization98活性开环聚合livingringopeningpolymerization 99不死的聚合immortalpolymerization100酶聚合作用enzymaticpolymerization101聚加成反应，逐步加成聚合(曾用名)polyaddition102偶联聚合couplingpolymerization103序列聚合sequentialpolymerization104闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flashpolymerization105氧化聚合oxidativepolymerization106氧化偶联聚合oxidativecouplingpolymerization 107逐步［增长］聚合stepgrowthpolymerization108缩聚反应condensationpolymerization，polycondensation109酯交换型聚合transesterificationtypepolymerization,esterexchangepolycondensation110自催化缩聚autocatalyticpolycondensation111均相聚合homogeneouspolymerization112非均相聚合heterogeneouspolymerization113相转化聚合phaseinversionpolymerization114本体聚合bulkpolymerization,masspolymerization 115固相聚合solidphasepolymerization116气相聚合gaseouspolymerization,gasphasepolymerization117吸附聚合adsorptionpolymerization118溶液聚合solutionpolymerization119沉淀聚合precipitationpolymerization120淤浆聚合slurrypolymerization121悬浮聚合suspensionpolymerization122反相悬浮聚合reversedphasesuspensionpolymerization123珠状聚合beadpolymerization,pearlpolymerization124分散聚合dispersionpolymerization125反相分散聚合inversedispersionpolymerization126种子聚合seedingpolymerization127乳液聚合emulsionpolymerization128无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifierfreeemulsionpolymerization 129反相乳液聚合inverseemulsionpolymerization130微乳液聚合microemulsionpolymerization131连续聚合continuouspolymerization132半连续聚合semicontinuouspolymerization133分批聚合，间歇聚合batchpolymerization134原位聚合insitupolymerization135均相缩聚homopolycondensation136活化缩聚activatedpolycondensation137熔融缩聚meltphasepolycondensation138固相缩聚solidphasepolycondensation139体型缩聚threedimensionalpolycondensation 140界面聚合interfacialpolymerization141界面缩聚interfacialpolycondensation142环加成聚合cycloadditionpolymerization143环烯聚合cycloalkenepolymerization144环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxanepolymerization145引发剂initiator146引发剂活性activityofinitiator147聚合催化剂polymerizationcatalyst148自由基引发剂radicalinitiator149偶氮［类］引发剂azotypeinitiator1502,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile,AIBN 151过氧化苯甲酰benzoylperoxide,BPO152过硫酸盐引发剂persulphateinitiator153复合引发体系complexinitiationsystem154氧化还原引发剂redoxinitiator155电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物chargetransfercomplex,CTC156聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerizationaccelerator 157光敏引发剂photoinitiator158双官能引发剂bifunctionalinitiator，difunctionalinitiator159三官能引发剂trifunctionalinitiator160大分子引发剂macroinitiator161引发-转移剂initiatortransferagent,inifer162引发-转移-终止剂initiatortransferagentterminator,iniferter163光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165正离子催化剂cationiccatalyst166正离子引发剂cationicinitiator167负离子引发剂ionioicinitiator168共引发剂coinitiator169烷基锂引发剂alkyllithiuminitiator170负离子自由基引发剂anionradicalinitiator171烯醇钠引发剂alfininitiator172齐格勒-纳塔催化剂ZieglerNattacatalyst173过渡金属催化剂transitionmetalcatalyst174双组分催化剂bicomponentcatalyst175后过渡金属催化剂latetransitionmetalcatalyst 176金属络合物催化剂metalcomplexcatalyst177［二］茂金属催化剂metallocenecatalyst178甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane,MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallicμ-oxoalkoxidescatalyst180双金属催化剂bimetalliccatalyst181桥基茂金属bridgedmetallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrainedgeometrymetallocenecatalyst183均相茂金属催化剂homogeneousmetallocenecatalyst184链引发chaininitiation185热引发thermalinitiation186染料敏化光引发dyesensitizedphtoinitiation187电荷转移引发chargetransferinitiation188诱导期inductionperiod189引发剂效率initiatorefficiency190诱导分解induceddecomposition191再引发reinitiation192链增长chaingrowth,chainpropagation193增长链端propagatingchainend194活性种reactivespecies195活性中心activecenter196持续自由基persistentradical197聚合最高温度ceillingtemperatureofpolymerization 198链终止chaintermination199双分子终止bimoleculartermination200初级自由基终止primaryradicaltermination201扩散控制终止diffusioncontrolledtermination202歧化终止disproportionationtermination203偶合终止couplingtermination204单分子终止unimoleculartermination205自发终止spontaneoustermination206终止剂terminator207链终止剂chainterminatingagent208假终止pseudotermination209自发终止selftermination210自由基捕获剂radicalscavenger211旋转光闸法rotatingsectormethod212自由基寿命freeradicallifetime213凝胶效应geleffect214自动加速效应autoaccelerationeffect215链转移chaintransfer216链转移剂chaintransferagent217尾咬转移backbittingtransfer218退化链转移degradation(degradative)chaintransfer 219加成断裂链转移［反应］additionfragmentationchaintransfer 220链转移常数chaintransferconstant①缓聚作用retardation221②延迟作用222阻聚作用inhibition223缓聚剂retarder224缓聚剂，阻滞剂retardingagent225阻聚剂inhibitor226封端［反应］endcapping227端基terminalgroup228聚合动力学polymerizationkinetics229聚合热力学polymerizationthermodynamics230聚合热heatofpolymerization231共聚合［反应］copolymerization232二元共聚合binarycopolymerization233三元共聚合ternarycopolymerization234竞聚率reactivityratio235自由基共聚合radicalcopolymerization236离子共聚合ioniccopolymerization237无规共聚合randomcopolymerization238理想共聚合idealcopolymerization239交替共聚合alternatingcopolymerization 240恒［组］分共聚合azeotropiccopolymerization 241接枝共聚合graftcopolymerization242嵌段共聚合blockcopolymerization243开环共聚合ringopeningcopolymerization 244共聚合方程copolymerizationequation 245共缩聚copolycondensation246逐步共聚合stepcopolymerization247同种增长homopropagation248自增长selfpropagation249交叉增长crosspropagation250前末端基效应penultimateeffect251交叉终止crosstermination252Q值Qvalue253e值e value254Q,e概念Q,escheme255序列长度分布sequencelengthdistribution 256侧基反应reactionofpendantgroup257扩链剂，链增长剂chainextender258交联crosslinking259化学交联chemicalcrosslinking260自交联selfcrosslinking261光交联photocrosslinking262交联度degreeofcrosslinking263硫化vulcanization264固化curing265硫［黄］硫化sulfurvulcanization266促进硫化acceleratedsulfurvulcanization 267过氧化物交联peroxidecrosslinking268无规交联randomcrosslinking269交联密度crosslinkingdensity270交联指数crosslinkingindex271解聚depolymerization272①降解②退化degradation273链断裂chainbreaking274解聚酶depolymerase275细菌降解bacterialdegradation276生物降解biodegradation277化学降解chemicaldegradation278辐射降解radiationdegradation279断链降解chainscissiondegradation280自由基链降解freeradicalchaindegradation 281无规降解randomdegradation282水解降解hydrolyticdegradation283热降解thermaldegradation284热氧化降解thermaloxidativedegradation 285光降解photodegradation286光氧化降解photooxidativedegradation05.3高分子物理化学与高分子物理度isotacticity6等规度,全同立构[规整]度syndiotacticity7间同度，间同立构[规整]度atacticity8无规度，无规立构度9嵌段block10规整嵌段regularblockirregularblock11非规整嵌段12立构嵌段stereoblockisotacticblock13有规立构嵌段atacticblock14无规立构嵌段15单体单元monomericunit16二单元组diad17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团randomcoilfreely-jointedchain 21自由连接链freely-rotatingchain 22自由旋转链23蠕虫状链worm-likechain24柔性链flexiblechain25链柔性chainflexibility26刚性链rigidchain27棒状链rodlikechain28链刚性chainrigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregatecoalescence31凝聚、聚集32链缠结chainentanglement33凝聚缠结cohesionalentanglement34物理缠结physicalentanglement35拓扑缠结topologicalentanglement36凝聚相condensedphase37凝聚态condensedstate38凝聚过程condensingprocesscriticalaggregationconcentration 39临界聚集浓度coil-globuletransition40线团-球粒转换41受限链confinedchain42受限态confinedstate43物理交联physicalcrosslinking44统计线团statisticalcoil45等效链equivalentchain46统计链段statisticalsegment47链段chainsegment48链构象chainconformationrandomcoilmodel49无规线团模型50无规行走randomwalkmodelselfavoidingwalkmodel51自避随机行走模型52卷曲构象coiledconformation53高斯链Gaussianchain54无扰尺寸unperturbeddimension55扰动尺寸perturbeddimensionthermodynamicallyequivalentsphere56热力学等效球short-rangeintramolecularinteraction 57近程分子内相互作用long-rangeintramolecularinteraction 58远程分子内相互作用interchaininteraction59链间相互作用60链间距interchainspacing61长程有序longrangeorder62近程有序shortrangeorder63回转半径radiusofgyrationend-to-endvector64末端间矢量65链末端chainend66末端距end-to-enddistanceunperturbedend-to-enddistance67无扰末端距root-mean-squareend-to-enddistance 68均方根末端距69伸直长度contourlength70相关长度persistencelength71主链；链chainbackbone72支链branchchain73链支化chainbranching74短支链short-chainbranch75长支链long-chainbranch76支化系数branchingindex77支化密度branchingdensity78支化度degreeofbranching79交联度degreeofcrosslinking80网络network81网络密度networkdensity82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibriumswellingmolecularassembly84分子组装，分子组合85自组装selfassembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gelpointreversiblegel88可逆[性]凝胶sol-geltransformation89溶胶-凝胶转化criticalmicelleconcentration，CMC90临界胶束浓度constitutionalheterogenity,compositionalheterogenity91组成非均一性molarmassaverage又称“分子量平均”92摩尔质量平均number-averagemolecularweight,number-averagemolarmass93数均分子量94重均分子量weight-averagemolecularweight,weight-averagemolarmass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-averagemolecularweight,Z-molarmass96黏均分子量viscosity-averagemolecularweight，viscosity-averagemolarmass97表观摩尔质量apparentmolarmass98表观分子量apparentmolecularweight99聚合度degreeofpolymerization100动力学链长kineticchainlength101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量criticalmolecularweight103分子量分布molecularweightdistribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersityindex，PID105平均聚合度averagedegreeofpolymerization106质量分布函数massdistributionfunction107数量分布函数numberdistributionfunction108重量分布函数weightdistributionfunction109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimmdistribution110最概然分布mostprobabledistribution曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态logarithmicnormaldistribution又称“对数正则分布”分布polymersolution112聚合物溶液polymer-solventinteraction113聚合物-溶剂相互作用thermodynamicqualityofsolvent114溶剂热力学性质meansquareendtoenddistance115均方末端距meansquareradiusofgyration116均方旋转半径117θ温度thetatemperature118θ态thetastate119θ溶剂thetasolvent120良溶剂goodsolvent121不良溶剂poorsolvent122位力系数Virialcoefficient曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excludedvolume124溶胀因子expansionfactor125溶胀度degreeofswellingFlory-Hugginstheory126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Hugginsequation127哈金斯公式Hugginscoefficient128哈金斯系数χ-parameter129χ(相互作用)参数130溶度参数solubilityparameter131摩擦系数frictionalcoefficienthydrodynamicallyequivalentsphere132流体力学等效球hydrodynamicvolume133流体力学体积bead-rodmodel134珠-棒模型ball-spring[chain]model135球-簧链模型flowbirefringence,streamingbirefringence 136流动双折射dynamiclightscattering137动态光散射lowanglelaserlightscattering138小角激光光散射139沉降平衡sedimentationequilibrium140沉降系数sedimentationcoefficientsedimentationvelocitymethod141沉降速度法sedimentationequilibriummethod142沉降平衡法143相对黏度relativeviscosityrelativeviscosityincrement144相对黏度增量145黏度比viscosityratio146黏数viscositynumber[Ubbelohde]dilutionviscometer147[乌氏]稀释黏度计capillaryviscometer148毛细管黏度计ballviscometer149落球黏度计150落球黏度ballviscosity151本体黏度bulkviscosity152比浓黏度reducedviscosityinherentviscosity,logarithmicviscositynumber 153比浓对数黏度154特性黏数intrinsicviscosity,limitingviscositynumber 155黏度函数viscosityfunctionzeroshearviscosity156零切变速率黏度157端基分析analysisofendgroupvaporpressureosmometry,VPO158蒸气压渗透法coherentelasticscatteringofradiation159辐射的相干弹性散射refractiveindexincrement160折光指数增量161瑞利比Rayleighratio162超瑞利比excessRayleighratioparticlescatteringfunction163粒子散射函数particlescatteringfactor164粒子散射因子165齐姆图Zimmplotdissymmetryofscattering166散射的非对称性depolarization167解偏振作用168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitationfractionation170萃取分级extractionfractionation171色谱分级chromatographicfractionation172柱分级columnfractionationelutionfractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级174热分级thermalfractionationgelchromatography175凝胶色谱法molarmassexclusionlimit176摩尔质量排除极限solventgradient[elution]chromatography 177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法molecularweightexclusionlimit178分子量排除极限179洗脱体积elutionvolume180普适标定universalcalibration181加宽函数spreadingfunction182链轴chainaxis183等同周期identityperiodchainrepeatingdistance184链重复距离crystallinefoldperiod185晶体折叠周期conformationalrepeatingunit186构象重复单元187几何等效geometricalequivalence188螺旋链helixchain189构型无序configurationaldisorderchainorientationaldisorder190链取向无序191构象无序conformationaldisorder192锯齿链zigzagchaindoublestrandedhelix193双[股]螺旋globalchainorientation194[分子]链大尺度取向crystallinepolymer195结晶聚合物semi-crystallinepolymer196半结晶聚合物polymercrystal197高分子晶体polymercrystallite198高分子微晶199结晶度degreeofcrystallinity,crystallinitymacromolecularisomorphism200高分子[异质]同晶现象morphologyofpolymer201聚合物形态学202片晶lamella,lamellarcrystal203轴晶axialitedendrite204树枝[状]晶体205纤维晶fibrouscrystal206串晶结构shish-kebabstructure207球晶spherulite208折叠链foldedchain209链折叠chainfolding210折叠表面foldsurface211折叠面foldplane212折叠微区folddomainadjacentre-entrymodel 213相邻再入模型switchboardmodel214接线板模型fringed-micellemodel215缨状微束模型folded-chaincrystal216折叠链晶体parallel-chaincrystal 217平行链晶体extended-chaincrystal 218伸展链晶体globular-chaincrystal 219球状链晶体220长周期longperiod221近程结构short-rangestructure222远程结构long-rangestructure223成核作用nucleationmolecularnucleation224分子成核作用Avramiequation225阿夫拉米方程226主结晶primarycrystallization 227后期结晶secondarycrystallizationepitaxialcrystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxialgrowth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquidcrystalstatelyotopicliquidcrystal232溶致性液晶thermotropicliquidcrystal233热致性液晶thermotropicmesomorphism234热致性介晶smecticliquidcrystal235近晶相液晶smecticmesophase236近晶中介相237近晶相smecticphase238条带织构bandedtexture239环带球晶ringedspherulite240向列相nematicphase241盘状相discoticphase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphousphase曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphousregion246非晶态amorphousstate247非晶取向amorphousorientation248链段运动segmentalmotion249亚稳态metastablestate250相分离phaseseparationspinodaldecomposition251亚稳相分离252bimodaldecomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundaryphase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlowercriticalsolutiontemperature,LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度uppercriticalsolutiontemperature,UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentrationquenchingexcimerfluorescence263激基缔合物荧光exciplexfluorescence264激基复合物荧光laserconfocalfluorescencemicroscopy 265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜266单轴取向uniaxialorientation267双轴取向biaxialorientation,biorientation268取向度degreeoforientation269橡胶态rubberstate270玻璃态glassystate271高弹态elastomericstate272黏流态viscousflowstate273伸长elongation274高弹形变highelasticdeformationnerviness275回缩性，弹性复原276拉伸比drawratio,extensionratio277泊松比Poisson'sratio278杨氏模量Young'smodulus279本体模量bulkmodulus280剪切模量shearmodulus281法向应力normalstress282剪切应力shearstress283剪切应变shearstrain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yieldstress287屈服应变yieldstrain288脆性断裂brittlefracture289脆性开裂brittlecrackingbrittleductiletransition290脆-韧转变291脆化温度brittleness(brittle)temperature292延性破裂ductilefracture293冲击强度impactstrength294拉伸强度tensilestrength又称“断裂强度,breakingstrength”ultimatetensilestrength295极限拉伸强度296抗撕强度tearingstrength又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexuralstrength,bendingstrength298弯曲模量bendingmodulus299弯曲应变bendingstrain300弯曲应力bendingstress301收缩开裂shrinkagecrack302剪切强度shearstrength303剥离强度peelingstrength304疲劳强度fatiguestrength,fatigueresistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressivestrengthcompressionset307压缩永久变形308压缩变形compressivedeformation309压痕硬度indentationhardness310洛氏硬度Rockwellhardness311布氏硬度Brinellhardness312抗刮性scrathresistance313断裂力学fracturemechanics314力学破坏mechanicalfailurestressintensityfactor315应力强度因子316断裂伸长elongationatbreak317屈服强度yieldstrength318断裂韧性fracturetoughness319弹性形变elasticdeformation320弹性滞后elastichysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulusofelasticity323弹性回复elasticrecoveryirrecoverabledeformation324不可回复形变325裂缝crack俗称“龟裂”326银纹crazedeformation327形变；变形328永久变形deformationset329剩余变形residualdeformation330剩余伸长residualstretchresilience331回弹，回弹性332延迟形变retardeddeformation333延迟弹性retardedelasticity334可逆形变reversibledeformation335应力开裂stresscrackingstressstraincurve336应力-应变曲线337拉伸应变stretchingstraintensilestressrelaxation338拉伸应力弛豫339热历史thermalhistory340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsionalbraidanalysis，TBA 342应力致白stresswhitening343应变能strainenergy344应变张量straintensor345剩余应力residualstress346应变硬化strainhardening347应变软化strainsoftening348电流变液electrorheologicalfluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonianfluidnon-Newtonianfluid352非牛顿流体353宾汉姆流Binghamfluid体354冷流coldflowNewtonianshearviscosity355牛顿剪切黏度356剪切黏度shearviscosityapparentshearviscosity357表观剪切黏度358剪切变稀shearthinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plasticdeformation361塑性流动plasticflow362体积弛豫volumerelaxation363拉伸黏度extensionalviscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticitylinearviscoelasticity365线性黏弹性non-linearviscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性367蠕变creeprelaxation又称“松弛”368弛豫[作用]369弛豫模量relaxationmodulus370蠕变柔量creepcomplianceheatdistortiontemperature371热畸变温度372弛豫谱relaxationspectrumretardation[time]spectrum373推迟[时间]谱374弛豫时间relaxationtime375推迟时间retardationtimedynamicmechanicalbehavior376动态力学行为dynamicviscoelasticity377动态黏弹性thermo-mechanicalcurve378热-机械曲线379动态转变dynamictransition380储能模量storagemodulus381损耗模量lossmodulus382复数模量complexmodulus383复数柔量complexcompliance384动态黏度dynamicviscosity385复数黏度complexviscositycomplexdielectricpermittivity 386复数介电常数dielectricdissipationfactor 387介电损耗因子dielectriclossconstant388介电损耗常数dielectricrelaxationtime389介电弛豫时间glasstransition390玻璃化转变glass-transitiontemperature 391玻璃化转变温度392次级弛豫secondaryrelaxation393次级转变secondarytransitionsecondaryrelaxationtemperature 394次级弛豫温度Kelvinmodel395开尔文模型396麦克斯韦Maxwellmodel。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05. 高分子化学05.1高分子物质05.2brush polymercoiling type polymer05。
2 聚合与高分子化学反应22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式]聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯[类]聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合,游离基聚合(曾用名）free radical polymerization，radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization,CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization,ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名）dead end polymerization44 光[致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesispolymerization,ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合,阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization，carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒—纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合,立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization，stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映[体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization，templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization101聚加成反应，逐步加成聚合(曾用名)polyaddition102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization108缩聚反应condensation polymerization，polycondensation109酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization，ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization116 气相聚合gaseous polymerization,gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization，pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合,间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮[类]引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile，AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide，BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物，155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator, difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发—转移剂initiator transfer agent，inifer162 引发—转移—终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator，iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst177 [二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane，MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth，chain propagation 193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative）chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移[反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q，e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫[黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking05。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇[1]
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Xiong Maolin, CMSE, BUCT
I
高 分 子 材 料 与 工 程 专 业 英 语 词 汇 表
graft copolymer 接枝共聚物 statistical copolymer 无规嵌段共聚物 random copolymer 无规共聚物 backbone [ ] n.主链 semicrystalline [ ]adj.半结晶的 ] adj.无定形的 amorphous [ morphology [ ] n.形态 phase [ ] n.相 living polymerization 活性聚合 compatibilizer n.增容剂 blend [ ] n.,v.共混（物） terpolymer [ ] n.三元共聚物 ] n.合金 alloy [ miscible [ ] adj.易混合的，可（溶）混的 ] n.粒子 particle [ cylinder [ ] n.圆柱体 lamella [ ] n.薄层, 薄片 synergistic adj.协同的 molecular architecture 分子构造 ] adj.线性的 linear [ short branched adj.短支化的 long branched adj.长支化的 ladder shaped adj.梯形的 star shaped adj.星形的 hyperbranched adj.超支化的 chain segment 链段 ] n.,v.蠕变 creep [ loading [ ] n.载荷 crystallinity n.结晶度 rheological [ ] adj.流变学的 stability [ ] n.稳定性 crystalline [ ] adj.结晶的 amorphous [ ] adj.无定形的 ] v.缠结 entangle [ strength [ ] n.强度 ] n.韧性 toughness [ configuration [ ] n.构型 conformation [ ] n.构象 regularity [ ] n.规整性 compactness [ ] n.紧密度[性] flexibility [ ] n.柔顺性 liquid-crystal polymer n.液晶聚合物 ] v.取向 orient [ extrusion [ ] n.挤出 injection molding 注射模塑成型 granular [ ] adj.粒状的 hopper [ ] n.漏斗 barrel [ ] n.机筒 screw [ : ] n.螺杆 ] n.顶杆 ram [ mold [ ] n.模具 eject [ ] v.顶出 cavity [ ] n.型腔 hydraulic [ ] adj.液压传动的 polyphenylene oxide 聚苯醚 compression molding 挤压模塑成型 ] v.固化 cure [ flash [ ] n.溢料 ] n.脱模 knockout [ pin [ ] n.销钉 overflow [ ] n.溢料口 runner [ ]n.流道，浇口 transfer molding 传递模塑成型 blow molding 吹塑成型 split mold 对开模具 ] n.（玻璃、塑料等）型坯 parison [ annulus [ ] n.环形套筒 extrusion [ ] n.挤出 die [ ] n.模具 thermoforming [ ] n.热成型 ] v.下垂 sag [ calendering n.压延 ] v.塑炼 plasticate [ vulcanize [ ] v.硫化 vulcanization [ ] n.硫化 casting [ ] n.浇铸 catalyze [ ] v.催化 ] n.固化，凝固 solidification [ urethane n.尿烷，氨基甲酸乙酯 reaction injection molding 反应注射模塑成型 reactant [ ] n.反应物 polyurethane [ ] n.聚氨酯 sintering [ ] n.烧结 coalescence [ ] n.融合 foam molding 发泡模塑成型 hardness [ ] n.硬度 flexural strength 抗挠（弯）强度 impact [ ] n., vt 冲击
(完整版)高分子材料专业英语词汇
stirbar
搅拌子
（Multiple）adaptor
分水器（适配器）
glove
手套
balance
天平
Basic concepts
基本概念
macromolecule
大分子
polymer
聚合物
monomer
单体
structure unit
结构单元
repeating unit
重复单元
monomer unit
trans
反式
stereo isomerism
立体异构
isotactic
全同
syndiotactic
间同
atactic
无轨
mechanism
机理
chain polymerization
连锁聚合
step polymerization
逐步聚合
addition polymerization
加聚
condensation polymerization
缩聚
free radical
自由基
initiation
引发
thermal initiator
热引发剂
peroxide initiator
过氧化物引发剂
azo initiator
偶氮引发剂
decomposition
分解
redox initiator
氧化还原引发剂
photoinitiator
光引发剂
propagation
二
—ane
烷烃
mono-
单
—ene
烯烃
—ol
醇
-yne
史上——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）一高分子化学coiling type polymer二高分子反应15官能单体functional monomer16大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17环状单体cyclic monomer18共聚单体comonomer19聚合［反应］polymerization20均聚反应homopolymerizationoligomerization低聚反应，21齐聚反应 (曾用名)22调聚反应telomerization23自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24预聚合prepolymerization25后聚合post polymerization26再聚合repolymerization27铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28链［式］聚合chain polymerization29烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，free radical polymerization,游离基聚合 (曾用名)radical polymerizationcontrolled radical polymerization，CRP 控制自由基聚合，33可控自由基聚合34活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，35ATRP反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical 36polymerization， RATRP可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chain 37transfer，RAFT38氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization 40polymerization41自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42氧化还原聚合redox polymerization无活性端聚合，dead end polymerization43死端聚合 (曾用名)44光［致］聚合photo polymerization45光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47四中心聚合four center polymerization48电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50热聚合thermal polymerization51电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53易位聚合metathesis polymerization开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，54ROMP55精密聚合precision polymerization56环化聚合cyclopolymerization57拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61离子对聚合ion pair polymerizationcationic polymerization正离子聚合，62阳离子聚合63碳正离子聚合carbenium ionpolymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization 66活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization 72负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization 73烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74活［性］聚合living polymerization75两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77配位聚合coordination polymerization78配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization 80配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization 81插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselectivepolymerization88对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93消除聚合elimination polymerization94模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95插层聚合intercalation polymerization96无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97开环聚合ring opening polymerization98活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization 99不死的聚合immortal polymerization100酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization101聚加成反应，逐步加成聚合 (曾用名)polyaddition102偶联聚合coupling polymerization103序列聚合sequential polymerization104闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization 107逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization108缩聚反应condensation polymerization，polycondensation109酯交换型聚合transesterification typepolymerization,ester exchange polycondensation110自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass 114polymerization115固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118溶液聚合solution polymerization119沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121悬浮聚合suspension polymerization反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension 122polymerization珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl 123polymerization124分散聚合dispersion polymerization125反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126种子聚合seeding polymerization127乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131连续聚合continuous polymerization132半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134原位聚合in situ polymerization135均相缩聚homopolycondensation136活化缩聚activated polycondensation137熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation 140界面聚合interfacial polymerization141界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145引发剂initiator146引发剂活性activity of initiator147聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148自由基引发剂radical initiator149偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator1502,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153复合引发体系complex initiation system154氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物，charge transfer complex, CTC155电荷转移络合物156聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157光敏引发剂photoinitiator双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator， difunctional 158initiator159三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160大分子引发剂macroinitiator161引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, 162iniferter163光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166正离子引发剂cationic initiator167负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168共引发剂coinitiator169烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst177［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst化剂180双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocenecatalyst183均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184链引发chain initiation185热引发thermal initiation186染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation 187电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188诱导期induction period189引发剂效率initiator efficiency190诱导分解induced decomposition191再引发reinitiation192链增长chain growth, chain propagation 193增长链端propagating chain end194活性种reactive species195活性中心active center196持续自由基persistent radical197聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198链终止chain termination199双分子终止bimolecular termination200初级自由基终止primary radical termination201扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202歧化终止disproportionation termination203偶合终止coupling termination204单分子终止unimolecular termination205自发终止spontaneous termination206终止剂terminator207链终止剂chain terminating agent208假终止pseudotermination209自发终止self termination210自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211旋转光闸法rotating sector method212自由基寿命free radical lifetime213凝胶效应gel effect214自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215链转移chain transfer216链转移剂chain transfer agent217尾咬转移backbitting transfer退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain 218transfer219加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220链转移常数chain transfer constant①缓聚作用retardation221②延迟作用222阻聚作用inhibition223缓聚剂retarder224缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225阻聚剂inhibitor226封端［反应］end capping227端基terminal group228聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics230聚合热heat of polymerization231共聚合［反应］copolymerization232二元共聚合binary copolymerization233三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234竞聚率reactivity ratio235自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237无规共聚合random copolymerization238理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244共聚合方程copolymerization equation245共缩聚copolycondensation246逐步共聚合step copolymerization247同种增长homopropagation248自增长self propagation249交叉增长cross propagation250前末端基效应penultimate effect251交叉终止cross termination252Q值Q value253e值e value254Q,e概念Q, e scheme255序列长度分布sequence length distribution256侧基反应reaction of pendant group257扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258交联crosslinking259化学交联chemical crosslinking260自交联self crosslinking261光交联photocrosslinking262交联度degree of crosslinking263硫化vulcanization264固化curing265硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268无规交联random crosslinking269交联密度crosslinking density270交联指数crosslinking index271解聚depolymerization272①降解②退化degradation273链断裂chain breaking274解聚酶depolymerase275细菌降解bacterial degradation276生物降解biodegradation277化学降解chemical degradation278辐射降解radiation degradation279断链降解chain scission degradation280自由基链降解free radical chain degradation 281无规降解random degradation282水解降解hydrolytic degradation283热降解thermal degradation284热氧化降解thermal oxidative degradation 285光降解photodegradation286光氧化降解photo oxidative degradation 287力化学降解mechanochemical degradation 288接枝聚合graft polymerization289活化接枝activation grafting三高分子物理16二单元组diad17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain 22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain 23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement 34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇表Chapter 3 Polymeric Materialspolymeric[ ☐ ●♓ ❍♏❒♓ ] adj.聚合的, 聚合体的polymer [ ☐ ●♓❍☜ ] n.聚合物natural polymer (or native polymer)天然高分子cellulose[ ♦♏● ◆●☜◆♦ ] n.纤维素starch[ ♦♦ ♦☞ ] n.淀粉collagen[ ●☜ ♎✞☜⏹ ] n.胶原质，胶原蛋白leather[ ●♏❆☜ ] n.皮革, 皮革制品modification[ ❍♎♓♐♓ ♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.改性synthetic [ ♦♓⏹ ♏♦♓♍ ] adj.合成的，人造的moldable = mouldable[ ❍☜◆●♎☜♌● ] adj.可模压的、适于模压的nitrate [ ⏹♋♓♦❒♏♓♦ ] n.硝酸盐cellulose nitrate硝酸纤维素celluloid[ ♦♏● ◆● ♓♎ ] n.赛璐路，明胶phenolics n.酚醛塑料phenolic [ ♐♓ ⏹ ●♓ ] adj.(苯)酚的，酚醛的nylon [ ⏹♋♓●☜⏹ ] n.尼龙vinyl[ ♋♓⏹♓● ] n.乙烯基，乙烯树脂acetate [ ✌♦♓ ♦♏♓♦ ] n.乙酸盐[酯]PVC abbr.聚氯乙烯，polyvinyl chloride polystyrene [ ☐ ●♓ ♦♦♋♓☜❒♓ ⏹ ] n.聚苯乙烯acrylics [ ☜ ❒♓●♓ ♦ ] n.丙烯酸树脂melamines [ ❍♏●☜❍♓☎ ✆⏹ ] n.三聚氰胺[蜜胺]塑料PVDC abbr.聚偏氯乙烯，polyvinylidene chloride polyester[ ☐ ●♓♏♦♦☜ ] n.聚酯polyethylene[ ☐ ●♓ ♏ ♓●♓ ⏹ ] n.聚乙烯fluorocarbon[ ♐●◆☎ ✆☜❒☜ ♌☜⏹ ] n.碳氟化合物，氟塑料silicone[ ♦♓●♓ ☜◆⏹ ] n.硅树脂epoxy [ ♏ ☐ ♦♓ ] adj.环氧的；n.环氧树脂ABS abbr.丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物，acrylonitrile-butadiene-styreneacetal [ ✌♦♓♦✌● ] n.聚甲醛塑料polypropylene [ ☐ ●♓ ☐❒☜◆☐♓●♓ ⏹ ] n.聚丙烯polycarbonate [ ☐ ●✋♊ ♌☜⏹✋♦ ⏹♏✋♦ ] n.聚碳酸酯PPO abbr.聚苯醚，polyphenylene oxide polysulphone [ ☐ ●✋♊♦✈●♐☜☺⏹]n.聚砜polyimide [ ☐ ●♓ ♓❍♋♓♎ ] n.聚酰亚胺PPS abbr.聚亚苯基硫醚，polyphenylene sulfide thermoplastic [ ☜ ❍☜ ☐●✌♦♦♓ ] adj.热塑性的；n.热塑性塑料polyurethane [ ☐ ●♓ ◆☜❒♓ ♏♓⏹ ] n.聚氨酯PEI abbr.聚1,2-亚乙基亚胺，polyethylene imine PEEK abbr.聚醚醚酮，polyetheretherketone PES abbr聚硫醚., polyether sulfonePBI abbr.聚异丁烯，polyisobutylene polyphthalamide n. 聚苯二酰胺bismaleimide n. 双马来酰亚胺elastomer [✋ ●✌♦♦☜❍☜☎❒✆] n.弹性体adhesive [ ☜♎ ♒♓ ♦♓ ] adj.带粘性的；n.粘合剂coating [ ☜◆♦♓☠ ] n.涂料fiber [ ♐♋♓♌☜ ] n.纤维thermosetting [ ☜ ❍☜◆ ♦♏♦♓☠ ] adj.热固性的thermoset [ ☜ ❍☜♦♏♦ ] n.热固树脂, 热固塑料；adj.热固的polyamide [ ☐ ●♓ ✌❍♋♓♎ ] n.聚酰胺ureas [ ◆☜❒♓☜♦ ] n.尿素塑料epoxide [ ♏ ☐ ♦♋♓♎ ] n.环氧化物polymerization [ ☐ ●♓❍☜❒♋♓ ♏♓☞☜⏹ ]n.聚合n.聚合反应step-growth polymerization逐步聚合chain-growth polymerization连锁聚合hydroxy [♒♋✋♊♎❒ ♦✋] adj.氢氧根的,羟基的carboxylic [ ♌ ♦♓●♓ ] adj.羧基的carboxylic acid羧酸molar [ ❍☜◆●☜ ] adj.摩尔的，molar mass摩尔质量acid chloride酰基氯；氯化酰基CHl n.盐酸，muriatic acid(商业用语); hydrochloric acid monomer [ ❍⏹☜❍☜ ] n.单体functionality [ ♐✈☠☜☞☜ ⏹✌●♓♦♓ ] n.官能度functional [ ♐✈☠☞☜⏹● ] adj.功能的，官能度的branch [ ♌❒ ⏹♦☞ ] n.;v.支化crosslink [ ❒ ♦●♓☠ ] v.交联initiation [ ♓ ⏹♓☞♓ ♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.引发propagation [ ☐❒ ☐☜ ♈♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.增长termination [ ♦☜ ❍♓ ⏹♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.终止n.终止radical [ ❒✌♎♓ ☜● ] adj.自由基的radical polymerization自由基聚合anionic [` ✌⏹♋✋♊ ⏹✋ ]adj.阴离子的anionic polymerization阴离子聚合cationic [ ✌♦♋♓♊ ⏹✋ ] adj.阳离子的cationic polymerization阳离子聚合coordination [ ☜◆ ♎♓ ⏹♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.配位coordination polymerization配位聚合homopolymer [ ♒☜◆❍☜ ☐ ●♓❍☜ ] n.均聚物copolymer [ ☜◆ ☐ ●♓❍☜ ] n.共聚物block copolymer嵌段共聚物alternating copolymer交替共聚物graft copolymer接枝共聚物statistical copolymer无规嵌段共聚物random copolymer无规共聚物backbone [ ♌✌ ♌☜◆⏹ ] n.主链semicrystalline [ ♦♏❍✋♊ ❒✋♦♦☜●♋✋⏹ ]adj.半结晶的amorphous [ ☜ ❍ ♐☜♦ ] adj.无定形的morphology [ ❍ ♐ ●☜♎✞♓ ] n.形态phase [ ♐♏♓ ] n.相living polymerization活性聚合compatibilizer n.增容剂blend [ ♌●♏⏹♎ ] n.,v.共混（物）terpolymer [ ♦☜ ☐ ●♓❍☜ ] n.三元共聚物alloy [ ✌● ♓ ] n.合金miscible [ ❍♓♦♓♌● ] adj.易混合的，可（溶）混的particle [ ☐ ♦♓ ● ] n.粒子cylinder [ ♦♓●♓⏹♎☜ ] n.圆柱体lamella [ ●☜ ❍♏●☜ ] n.薄层, 薄片synergistic adj.协同的molecular architecture分子构造linear [ ●♓⏹♓☜ ] adj.线性的short branched adj.短支化的long branched adj.长支化的ladder shaped adj.梯形的star shaped adj.星形的hyperbranched adj.超支化的chain segment链段creep [ ❒♓ ☐ ] n.,v.蠕变loading [ ●☜◆♎♓☠ ] n.载荷crystallinity n.结晶度rheological [ ❒♓ ☜♊● ♎✞✋ ☹●] adj.流变学的stability [ ♦♦☜ ♌♓●♓♦♓ ] n.稳定性crystalline [ ❒♓♦♦☜●♋♓⏹ ] adj.结晶的amorphous [ ☜ ❍ ♐☜♦ ] adj.无定形的entangle [ ♓⏹ ♦✌☠♈● ] v.缠结strength [ ♦♦❒♏☠ ] n.强度toughness [ ♦✈♐⏹♓♦ ] n.韧性configuration [ ☜⏹ ♐♓♈ ◆ ❒♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.构型conformation [ ⏹♐ ❍♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.构象regularity [ ❒♏♈ ◆ ●✌❒♓♦♓ ] n.规整性compactness [ ☜❍☐✌ ♦⏹♓♦ ] n.紧密度[性] flexibility [ ♐●♏ ♦☜ ♌♓●♓♦♓ ] n.柔顺性liquid-crystal polymer n.液晶聚合物orient [ ❒♓☜⏹♦ ] v.取向extrusion[ ♏ ♦♦❒◆ ✞☜⏹ ] n.挤出injection molding注射模塑成型granular [ ♈❒✌⏹ ◆●☜ ] adj.粒状的hopper [ ♒ ☐☜ ] n.漏斗barrel [ ♌✌❒☜● ] n.机筒screw [ ♦❒◆: ] n.螺杆ram [ ❒✌❍ ] n.顶杆mold [ ❍☜◆●♎ ] n.模具eject [✋ ♎✞♏ ♦] v.顶出cavity [ ✌ ♓♦♓ ] n.型腔hydraulic [ ♒♋♓ ♎❒ ●♓ ] adj.液压传动的polyphenylene oxide聚苯醚compression molding挤压模塑成型cure [ ◆☜ ] v.固化flash [ ♐●✌☞ ] n.溢料knockout [ ⏹ ♋◆♦ ] n.脱模pin [ ☐♓⏹ ] n.销钉overflow [ ☜◆ ☜ ♐●☜◆ ] n.溢料口runner [ ❒✈⏹☜☎❒✆]n.流道，浇口transfer molding传递模塑成型blow molding吹塑成型split mold对开模具parison [ ☐✌❒♓♦☜⏹ ] n.（玻璃、塑料等）型坯annulus [ ✌⏹ ◆●☜♦ ] n.环形套筒extrusion [ ♏ ♦♦❒◆ ✞☜⏹ ] n.挤出die [ ♎♋♓ ] n.模具thermoforming [ ☜ ❍☜◆ ♐ ❍♓☠ ] n.热成型sag [ ♦✌♈ ] v.下垂calendering n.压延plasticate [♊☐●✌♦♦✋ ♏✋♦] v.塑炼vulcanize [ ✈● ☜⏹♋✋ ] v.硫化vulcanization [ ✈● ☜⏹♋✋♊ ♏✋☞☜⏹] n.硫化casting [ ♦♦♓☠ ] n.浇铸catalyze [ ✌♦☜●♋♓ ] v.催化solidification [ ♦●♓♎♓♐♓ ♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.固化，凝固urethane n.尿烷，氨基甲酸乙酯reaction injection molding反应注射模塑成型reactant [ ❒♓ ✌ ♦☜⏹♦ ] n.反应物polyurethane [ ☐ ●♓ ◆☜❒♓ ♏♓⏹ ] n.聚氨酯sintering [ ♦♓⏹♦☜❒♓☠ ] n.烧结coalescence [ ☜◆☜ ●♏♦⏹♦ ] n.融合foam molding发泡模塑成型hardness [ ♒ ♎⏹♓♦ ] n.硬度flexural strength抗挠（弯）强度impact [ ♓❍☐✌ ♦ ] n., vt冲击additive [ ✌♎♓♦♓ ] n.添加剂filler [ ♐♓●☜ ] n.填料reinforcer [ ❒♓ ✋⏹♊♐ ♦☜☎❒✆ ] n.增强剂，增加材料toughness [ ♦✈♐⏹♓♦ ] n.韧性polycarbonate [ ☐ ●✋♊ ♌☜⏹✋♦ ]n.聚碳酸酯transparent [ ♦❒✌⏹♦☐☪☜❒☜⏹♦ ]adj.透明的polyurethane [ ☐ ●♓ ◆☜❒♓ ♏♓⏹ ] n.聚氨酯insulator [ ♓⏹♦◆●♏♓♦☜ ] n.绝缘体, 绝热器cellular [ ♦♏● ◆●☜ ] adj.蜂窝状的，多孔状的expansion [ ♓ ♦☐✌⏹☞☜⏹ ] n.膨胀saran [ ♦☜ ❒✌⏹ ] .莎纶, 此种合成纤维的商标名n.莎纶(聚偏氯乙烯纤维或其它共聚物纤维的统称), 此种合成纤维的商标名retardant[ ❒♓ ♦ ♎☜⏹♦ ] n.延缓(作用)剂flammable [ ♐●✌❍☜♌● ] adj.易燃的, 可燃性的toxic [ ♦ ♦♓ ] adj.有毒的, 中毒的fume [ ♐ ◆ ❍ ] n.(浓烈或难闻的)烟, 气体;v.用烟熏, 冒烟corrode [ ☜ ❒☜◆♎ ] v.使腐蚀, 侵蚀deterioration [ ♎♓ ♦♓☜❒♓☜ ❒♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.变坏, 退化discoloration [♎✋♦ ✈●☜♊❒♏✋☞☜⏹] n.变色, 污点swelling [ ♦♦♏●♓☠ ] n.溶胀，胀大crazing [ ♦♦♏●♓☠ ] n.细裂纹, 银纹, 龟裂crack [ ❒✌ ] n.裂缝; v.(使)破裂, 裂纹inertness n.惰性，不活泼solvent [ ♦● ☜⏹♦ ] n.溶剂; adj.溶解的,有溶解力acetone [ ✌♦♓♦☜◆⏹ ] n丙酮HDPE abbr.高密度聚乙烯high density polyethylene opacity [ ☜◆ ☐✌♦♓♦♓ ] n.不透明性transparency [ ♦❒✌⏹♦☐☪☜❒☜⏹♦♓ ] n透明, 透明度opaque [ ☜◆ ☐♏♓ ] n.不透明物; adj.不透明的optical [ ☐♦♓ ☜● ] adj.光学的transmission [ ♦❒✌⏹ ❍♓☞☜⏹ ] n.透光度rubbery [ ❒✈♌☜❒♓ ] adj.似橡胶的，有弹力的elastic [✋ ●✌♦♦✋ ] adj.弹性的vulcanization [ ✈● ☜⏹♋✋♊ ♏✋☞☜⏹ ⏹✋♊ ] n.硫化latex [ ●♏♓♦♏ ♦ ] n.胶乳oxidation [ ♦♓ ♎♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.氧化sulfur [ ♦✈●♐☜ ] n.硫磺susceptibility [ ♦☜ ♦♏☐♦☜ ♌♓●♓♦♓ ] n.易感性vulcanize v.硫化isoprene [ ♋♓♦☜◆☐❒♓ ⏹ ] n.异戊二烯mer n.链节，基体resilient [ ❒♓ ♓●♓☜⏹♦ ] adj.有回弹力的deformability [ ♎♓♐ ❍☜ ♌♓●♓♦♓ ] n.可变形能力, 形变度, 可塑性abrasion [ ☜ ♌❒♏♓✞☜⏹ ] n.磨损petroleum[ ☐♓ ♦❒☜◆●♓☜❍ ] n.石油grease [ ♈❒♓ ♦ ] n.油脂gasoline [ ♈✌♦☜●♓ ⏹] n.汽油aging [ ♏♓♎✞♓☠ ] n.老化ultraviolet [ ✈●♦❒☜ ♋♓☜●♓♦ ] adj.紫外线的, 紫外的;n.紫外线辐射ultraviolet light 紫外线formulation [ ♐ ❍◆ ●♏♓☞☜⏹ ]n.配方polybutadiene [ ☐ ●♓ ♌ ◆ ♦☜ ♎♋♓♓ ⏹ ]n.聚丁二烯butadiene rubber （BR）顺丁橡胶isoprene rubber（IR）异戊橡胶butyl rubber (IIR) 丁基橡胶ethylene-propylene copolymers (EPM)二元乙丙橡胶zinc [ ♓☠ ] n.锌zinc oxide氧化锌polysulfide n.聚硫化物polysulfide rubber聚硫橡胶polychlorapene n.聚氯丁烯，氯丁橡胶elastoplastic [✋♊●✌♦♦☜ ☐●✌♦♦✋ ] n.弹性塑料butadiene [ ♌ ◆ ♦☜ ♎♋♓♓ ⏹ ] n.丁二烯styrene [ ♦♦♋♓❒♓ ⏹ ] n.苯乙烯tear [ ♦♓☜ ] n., v.撕裂kerosene [ ♏❒☜♦♓ ⏹ ] n.煤油neoprene [ ⏹♓☎ ✆☜◆☐❒♓ ⏹ ] n.氯丁橡胶ozone [ ☜◆ ☜◆⏹ ] n.臭氧silicone [ ♦♓●♓ ☜◆⏹ ] n.硅树脂sealant [ ♦♓ ●☜⏹♦ ] n.密封剂adhesive [ ☜♎ ♒♓ ♦♓ ] n.粘合剂lubricant [ ●◆ ♌❒♓ ☜⏹♦ ] n.滑润剂volatile [ ●☜♦♋♓● ] adj.挥发性的, 不稳定的viscous [ ♓♦☜♦ ] adj.粘性的, 粘滞的, 胶粘的EPDM 三元乙丙橡胶(含双环戊二稀)Ethylene- Propylene-Diene Monomercarbon black碳黑clay [ ●♏♓ ] n.粘土deformation [ ♎♓ ♐ ❍♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.形变，变形fluoroelastomer [ ♐●◆ ☜❒☜♓ ● ♦♦☜❍☜ ] n.含氟弹性体,氟橡胶preservative [ ☐❒♓ ☜ ☜♦♓ ] n.防老剂，防腐剂shellac [ ☞☜ ●✌ ] n.清漆evaporation [ ♓ ✌☐☜ ❒♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.蒸发(作用)dissolve [ ♎♓ ● ] v.溶解shellac [ ☞☜ ●✌ ] n.虫胶、紫胶oil-base paints油基涂料water-base paints水基涂料lacquer [ ●✌ ☜ ] n.漆organosol [ ♈✌⏹☜♦● ] n. 有机溶胶、油溶胶plastisol [ ☐●✌♦♦♓♦ ● ♦● ] n.塑料溶胶alkyd [ ✌● ♓♎ ] n.醇酸树脂wax [ ♦✌ ♦ ] n.蜡, 蜡状物asphalt [ ✌♦♐✌●♦ ] n.沥青enamel [ ♓ ⏹✌❍☜● ] n.瓷釉vehicle [ ♓ ♓ ● ] n.载色剂varnish [ ⏹♓☞ ] n.清漆acetone [ ✌♦♓♦☜◆⏹ ] n.丙酮tung [ ♦✈☠ ] n.桐树桐油tall oil妥尔油dry oil干燥油pigment [ ☐♓♈❍☜⏹♦ ] n.颜料gloss [ ♈● ♦ ] n.光泽的表面; vt.使有光彩, 上光于catalyst [ ✌♦☜●♓♦♦ ] n.催化剂dispersion [ ♎♓♦☐☜ ☞☜⏹ ] n.分散coalesce [ ☜◆☜ ●♏♦ ] v.接合plasticizer [ ☐●✌♦♦♓♦♋♓ ☜ ] n.增塑剂heavy dip coating厚浸渍涂层fluidized bed流化床powder coating粉末涂层electrostatic spraying静电喷涂plasma arc spray (PAS)等离子电弧喷涂electrostatic [ ♓ ●♏ ♦❒☜◆ ♦♦✌♦♓ ] adj.静电的adherend n.被粘物，粘附体substrate [ ♦✈♌♦♦❒♏♓♦ ] n.基体phenol [ ♐♓ ⏹☜● ] n.苯酚, 石碳酸resorcinol [ ❒♓ ♦♓⏹☜◆● ] n.间苯二酚(=resorcin) formaldehyde [ ♐ ❍✌●♎♓ ♒♋♓♎ ] n.甲醛, 蚁醛casein [ ♏♓♦♓ ♓⏹ ] n.（干）酪素(粘接剂)urea [ ◆☜❒♓☜ ] n.尿素polyvinyl acetate n.聚乙酸乙酯dextrin [ ♎♏ ♦♦❒♓⏹ ] n.糊精hide [ ♒♋♓♎ ] n.兽皮skimmed milk脱脂牛奶particleboard刨花板plywood [ ☐●♋♓♦◆♎ ] n.夹板, 合板胶合板cyanoacrylate [ ♦♋♓☜⏹☜◆ ✌ ❒♓●♏♓♦ ]n.氰基丙烯酸盐粘合剂n.氰基丙烯酸盐粘合剂butadiene [ ♌ ◆ ♦☜ ♎♋♓♓ ⏹ ] n.丁二烯pressure-sensitive tape压敏胶带tacky [ ♦✌ ♓ ] adj.发粘的adhesive tape粘合带duct tape管道胶带transparent tape透明胶带double-coated pressure-sensitive tape双面压敏胶带milling machine铣床、研磨机surface grinder表面磨床curing [ ◆☜❒♓☠ ] n.固化anaerobic [ ✌⏹♏♓☜ ❒☜◆♌♓ ] adj.厌氧性的hot-melt adhesive热熔胶loss-of solvent adhesive溶剂挥发型粘合剂anaerobic adhesive厌氧粘合剂two-part mix adhesive双组分粘合剂fastener [ ♐ ♦⏹☜ ] n.扣件bolt [ ♌☜◆●♦ ] n.螺钉rivet [ ❒♓ ♓♦ ] n.铆钉pin [ ☐♓⏹ ] n.销钉weld [ ♦♏●♎ ] n.焊接, 焊缝braze [ ♌❒♏♓ ] v.铜焊solder [ ♦●♎☜ ♦☎ ✆ ] n.焊料; v.焊接nail [ ⏹♏♓● ] n.钉, 钉子v.钉, 将...钉牢spring[ ♦☐❒♓☠ ] n.弹簧dampen [ ♎✌❍☐☜⏹ ] v.衰减flooring [ ♐● ❒♓☠ ] n.室内地面、铺室内地面的材料joist [ ♎✞ ♓♦♦ ] n.托梁drywall panel护墙板stud [ ♦♦✈♎ ] n.墙筋、壁骨aerodynamic [ ☪☜❒☜◆♎♋♓ ⏹✌❍♓ ] adj.空气动力学的fatigue resistance抗疲劳性adhesive-joining technology胶接技术compatibility [ ☜❍☐✌♦♓ ♌♓●♓♦♓ ] n. 相容性compatible [ ☜❍☐✌♦☜♌● ] adj.相容的hardboard [♊♒ ♎♊♌♋☺⏹♎] 硬质纤维板asbestos [✌ ♌♏♦♦ ♦] n.石棉asbestos board石棉板controlled release 缓释、控制释放human tissue人体组织cartilage regeneration软骨再生water-soluble polymer水溶性聚合物motor oil马达油shape-memory polymer形状记忆聚合物smart material智能材料bioelastic n. 生物弹性体elastin [✋♊●✌♦♦✋⏹] n.弹性蛋白pneumatic [ ⏹ ◆☎ ✆ ❍✌♦♓ ] adj.气动的nontoxic [ ⏹ ⏹ ♦ ♦♓ ] adj.无毒的nontoxicity [ ⏹ ⏹ ♦ ♦♓♦♓♦♓ ] n.非毒性biocompatible [ ♌♋✋☜☺ ☜❍♊☐✌♦☜♌●] adj.生物相容的biocompatibility [ ♌♋♓☜◆ ☜❍☐✌♦☜ ♌♓●♓♦♓ ]n. 生物降解性）sensor [ ♦♏⏹♦☜ ]n.传感器transducer [ ♦❒✌⏹ ♎ ◆ ♦☜ ] n.(能量)转换器poly(p-phenylene)对聚苯polypyrrole聚吡咯hardener [ ♒ ♎☜⏹☜ ]n.硬化剂LCD abbr.液晶显示器Liquid Crystal Display polyacetylene [ ☐ ●♓☜ ♦♏♦☜●♓ ⏹ ] n.聚乙炔electrode [✋ ●♏ ♦❒☜☺♎] n.电极covalent bonding共价键合oxidation [ ♦♓ ♎♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.氧化（作用）reduction [ ❒♓ ♎✈ ☞☜⏹ ] n.还原（作用）electron [✋ ●♏ ♦❒ ⏹] n.电子doping [ ♎☜◆☐♓☠ ] n.(半导体)掺杂(质),加添加剂[填料]iodine [ ♋✋☜♎♓ ⏹ ☎✍ ✆ ♋✋☜♎♋✋⏹] n.碘, 碘酒reduction [ ❒♓ ♎✈ ☞☜⏹ ] n.还原；减少sodium [ ♦☜◆♎ ☜❍ ♎♓☜❍ ] n.钠cation [ ✌♦♋♓☜⏹ ] n.阳离子disulfide [♎♋✋♊♦✈●♐♋✋♎] n.二硫化物cathode [ ✌ ☜◆♎ ] n.阴极lithium [ ●♓ ♓☜❍ ] n.锂anode [ ✌⏹☜◆♎ ] n.阳极，正极disulfide [♎♋✋♊♦✈●♐♋✋♎]n.二硫化物depolymerization [ ♎♓ ☐ ●♓❍☜❒♋♓ ♏♓☞☜⏹ ]n.解聚（作用）electrochemical energy电化学能liner [ ●♋♓⏹☜ ] n.衬里sanitary [ ♦✌⏹♓♦☜❒♓ ] n.卫生landfill [ ♊●✌⏹♎♐✋● ] n.垃圾站、填埋incineration [ ♓⏹ ♦♓⏹☜ ❒♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.焚烧incinerator [ ♓⏹ ♦♓⏹☜❒♏♓♦☜ ] n.焚烧炉spring from由……导致municipal solid waste (MSW) 城市固体废物disposable item一次性用品locality [ ●☜◆ ✌●♓♦♓ ] n.地方methane [ ❍♏ ♏♓⏹ ] n.甲烷hydrocarbon [ ♒♋♓♎❒☜◆ ♌☜⏹ ] n.烃, 碳氢化合物carbon dioxide二氧化碳give off释放greenhouse effect 温室效应global warming全球变暖limb [ ●♓❍ ] n.大树枝shrub [ ☞❒✈♌ ] n.灌木dump [ ♎✈❍☐ ]n.垃圾堆groundwater地下水wash out冲洗crumble [ ❒✈❍♌● ] v.破碎、破裂photodegradable [ ♐☜☺♦☜☺♎✋♊♈❒♏✋♎☜♌●] adj.光降解的packaging material包装材料polyethylene terephthalate(PET)聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇carpet backing地毯背衬sleeping bag睡袋polyol [ ☐ ●♓ ● ] n.多元醇trash [ ♦❒✌☞ ] n.垃圾, 废物biodegradable [ ♌♋♓☜◆♎♓ ♈❒♏♓♎☜♌● ] adj.生物降解的moisture [ ❍♓♦♦☞☜ ] n.潮湿, 湿气dye [ ♎♋♓ ] n.染料, 染色; vt.染chlorine [ ● ❒♓ ⏹ ] n.氯rust [❒✈♦♦] n.铁锈; v.(使)生锈trash can金属制垃圾箱traffic cone锥形交通标plastic lumber塑料制材tie [ ♦♋♓ ] n.枕木、轨枕milk carton牛奶瓶sterilization [ ♦♦♏❒♓●♋♓ ♏♓☞☜⏹ ] n.消毒、灭菌plastic-container coding system塑料容器编号系统International Standard Organization (ISO)国际标准组织Society of Plastic Industry (SPI) 塑料工业协会。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05. 高分子化学brush polymercoiling type polymer5 三官能[基］单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomervinylidene monomer 1，1—亚乙烯基单体，7偏［二］取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer1，2—亚乙烯基单体，81，2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体,二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合[反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerization低聚反应，oligomerization21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链[式]聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类]聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合] addition polymerization32自由基聚合,游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization，radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization,CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization,ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧［自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization,FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合,死端聚合(曾用名）dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesispolymerization,ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization，carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性]聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒—纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization，stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映[体]不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization,GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization，templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerizationpolyaddition聚加成反应，101逐步加成聚合（曾用名）102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization，116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2，2'- azobisisobutyronitrile，AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物，155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator, difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发—转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移—终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator，iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒—纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation （degradative）chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应] addition fragmentation chain transfer220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端[反应]end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应] copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒[组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q，e概念Q，e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫[黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation10规整嵌段regular block11非规整嵌段irregular block12立构嵌段stereoblock13有规立构嵌段isotactic block14无规立构嵌段atactic block15单体单元monomeric unit16二单元组diad17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely—jointed chain22自由旋转链freely—rotating chain 23蠕虫状链worm—like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement 34物理缠结physical entanglement 35拓扑缠结topological entanglement 36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration40线团—球粒转换coil—globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to—end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end—to—end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to—end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end—to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long—chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装,分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity，compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number—average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight—average molecular weight，weight—average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight，Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity—average molecular weight，viscosity—average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index,PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz—Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布" 111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里—哈金斯理论Flory—Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ（相互作用）参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball—spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147［乌氏］稀释黏度计［Ubbelohde］dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity，logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry，VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient ［elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股］螺旋double stranded helix194[分子］链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi—crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子［异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella，lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状］晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re—entry model214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed—micelle model216折叠链晶体folded—chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended—chain crystal219球状链晶体globular—chain crystal220长周期long period221近程结构short—range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization227后期结晶secondary crystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature，LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解）温度upper critical solution temperature ，UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解）温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性,弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio，extension ratio277泊松比Poisson’s ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness（brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度，breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength，bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength，fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂" 326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力—应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non—Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non—linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用］relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间］谱retardation ［time］spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热—机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass—transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature395开尔文模型Kelvin model396麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model397时-温叠加原理time-temperature superposition principle 398玻耳兹曼叠加原理Boltzmann superposition principle399平移因子shift factor400WLF公式WLF［Williams—Lendel-Ferry］equation 401软化温度softening temperature402平衡熔点equilibrium melting point403物理老化physical ageing404光老化photoageing405热老化thermal ageing406热氧老化thermo—oxidative ageing407人工老化artificial ageing408加速老化accelerated ageing409计算机模拟computer simulation410分子动力学模拟molecular dynamics simulation。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05. 高分子化学05.1高分子物质05.2coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应3 平均官能度average functionality4 双官能［基］单体bifunctional monomer5 三官能［基］单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomervinylidene monomer 1,1-亚乙烯基单体，7偏［二］取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体，81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体，二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合［反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerizationoligomerization低聚反应，21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerizationpolyaddition聚加成反应，101逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物，155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure 207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal 217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal 218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure 222远程结构long-range structure 223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation 225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
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全同间同等量聚合物
equitactic polymer
36
共聚物
copolymer
37
二元共聚物
binary copolymer
38
三元共聚物
terpolymer
39
多元聚合物
multipolymer
40
序列共聚物
sequential copolymer
41
多层共聚物
multilayer copolymer
58
多分散性聚合物
polydisperse polymer, non-uniform polymer
59
高分子共混物
polyblend, polymer blend
60
聚合物-聚合物配合物
polymer-polymer complex
61
聚合物-金属配合物
polymer-metal complex
62
11
低聚物
Oligomer
曾用名“齐聚物”。
12
二聚体
Dimer
13
三聚体
Trimer
14
调聚物
telomer
15
预聚物
prepolymer
16
均聚物
homopolymer
17
无规聚合物
random polymer
18
无规卷曲聚合物
random coiling polymer
19
头-头聚合物
head-to-head polymer
48
嵌段共聚物
block copolymer
又称“嵌段聚合物(block polymer)”。
49
递变嵌段共聚物
tapered block copolymer
50
两亲嵌段共聚物
amphiphilic block copolymer
51
二嵌段共聚物
diblock copolymer
52
三嵌段共聚物
triblock copolymer
42
多相聚合物
multiphase polymer
43
统计[结构]ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ聚物
statistical copolymer
44
无规共聚物
random copolymer
45
交替共聚物
alternating copolymer
46
周期共聚物
periodic copolymer
47
梯度共聚物
gradient copolymer
79
柔性链聚合物
flexible chain polymer
80
刚棒高分子
rigid rod polymer
81
棒状高分子
rodlike polymer
82
刚-柔嵌段共聚物
rod coil block copolymer
83
树状高分子
dendrimer, dendritic polymer, tree polymer
26
无规立构聚合物
atactic polymer
27
全同立构聚合物
isotactic polymer
又称“等规聚合物”。
28
间同立构聚合物
syndiotactic polymer
又称“间规聚合物”。
29
杂同立构聚合物
heterotactic polymer
又称“异规聚合物”。
30
有规立构聚合物
stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer
53
多嵌段共聚物
segmented copolymer
54
杂聚物
heteropolymer
55
恒[组]分共聚物
azeotropic copolymer
56
多组分共聚物
multicomponent copolymer
57
单分散聚合物
monodisperse polymer, uniform polymer
无机高分子
inorganic polymer
5
有机高分子
organic polymer
6
无机-有机高分子
inorganic organic polymer
7
金属有机聚合物
organometallic polymer
8
元素高分子
element polymer
9
高聚物
high polymer
10
聚合物
Polymer
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全
（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）
一高分子化学
新序码
汉文名
英文名
注释
1
高分子
macromolecule, polymer
又称“大分子”。
2
超高分子
supra polymer
3
天然高分子
natural polymer
4
又称“有规聚合物”。
31
苏型双全同立构聚合物
threo-diisotactic polymer
32
苏型双间同立构聚合物
threo-disyndiotactic polymer
33
赤型双全同立构聚合物
erythro-diisotactic polymer
34
赤型双间同立构聚合物
erythro-disyndiotactic polymer
单股聚合物
single-strand polymer
63
双股聚合物
double-strand polymer
64
多股聚合物
multi-strand polymer
65
链型聚合物
chain polymer
66
碳链聚合物
carbon chain polymer
67
杂链聚合物
heterochain polymer
84
刷状聚合物
brush polymer
85
线团状聚合物
coilingtype polymer
86
花菜状聚合物
cauliflower polymer
87
螺旋形聚合物
68
杂环高分子
heterocyclic polymer
69
大环聚合物
macrocyclic polymer
70
直链高分子
straight chain polymer
71
线型聚合物
linear polymer
72
体型聚合物
three-dimensional polymer
又称“网络聚合物(network polymer)”、交联聚合物(crosslinked polymer)”。
73
活[性]高分子
living polymer
74
反应性聚合物
reactive polymer
75
极性聚合物
polar polymer
76
非极性聚合物
non-polar polymer
77
刚性链聚合物
rigid chain polymer
78
半柔性链聚合物
semi- flexible chain polymer
20
头-尾聚合物
head-to-tail polymer
21
尾-尾聚合物
tail-to-tail polymer
22
反式有规聚合物
transtactic polymer
23
顺式有规聚合物
cistactic polymer
24
规整聚合物
regular polymer
25
非规整聚合物
irregular polymer