九年级英语1-5单元固定搭配
人教版九年级英语知识点归纳Unit1-5
九年级全一册Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 重点短语和固定搭配Section Awork with sb. 和...合作/一起工作listen to tapes 听磁带ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助study for a test 备考study by doing sth. 通过...方法学习have a conversation with sb. 和某人谈话read aloud 大声朗读practice pronunciation 练习发音learn a lot 学到很多speaking skills 口语表达能力spoken English 英语口语finish doing sth. 结束做某事give a report 作报告have a report 听报告at first 一开始first of all 首先，第一be patient 耐心be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心be patient of sth. 忍耐某事the secret to ...的秘诀learn to do sth. 学习做某事so ... that 太...以至于...most of the time 大部分时间be afraid of sth. 害怕某物be afraid to do 因害怕而不敢做because of sth. 由于；因为poor pronunciation 糟糕的发音watch a moviewatch an English moviefall in love with 强调动作性be in love with 强调状态性begin to do = begin doing 开始做某事at the beginning of 在...的开始body language 肢体语言help sb. do sth. = help sb. to do sth.= help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事as well 也a piece of cake 小菜一碟It serves you right. 你活该want sth. 想要某物want to do sth. 想要做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事look up sth. in a dictionary 查字典have a better understanding of对...有更好的理解the meaning of ...的意思repeat out aloud 大声重复take notes 做笔记do exercises 做练习read a newspaper/ read newspaperskeep a diary in English 用英语写日记Section Bmake mistakes/ make a mistake 犯错误increase to 1,000 增加到increase by 10% 增加了at a speed of = at the speed of 以... 的速度be born with 天生具有the ability to do ......的能力depend on 取决于；若接动词，用V-ing learning habits 学习习惯have ... in common 有共同点be interested in sth./ doing sth. 对...感兴趣pay attention to 注意；若接动词，用V-ing connect ... with 把...与... 联系起来be connected with sth. 与...相连get bored 变得无聊be good at 在...方面做得好；擅长于be good for 对...有好处be good to 对...友善Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
九年级英语1-5单元固定搭配
Unit 11. ask sb. about sth.2. on one’s own= by oneself3. what/how about doing4. finish doing sth5.be patient with sb.6.it +be+adj+for sb.+ to do sth.7. the secret to sth 8. get sth right9. be afraid to do sth=be afraid of doing sth.10. make mistakes in sth/doing sth. 11.sth called/ named12. by doing sth. 13.too many / too much14. too …. to /so …that15. a way to do sth16.like …better than…= prefer s th to sth.17. keep (sb) doing sth 18. watch/ see/hear sb doing sth 19. practice doing sth 20. not only … but also21. have fun doing sth. 22. learn to do sth23. tell sb to do sth 24. something/ anything + adj 25. join a club/Army 26. attend a meeting27. end up doing sth 28. make sth better =improve 29. take part in games/discussion/celebrationUnit 21. play a trick on sb.2. lie-lied –lied (说谎)3. take pride in doing sth.4. lie – lay- lain (躺着，摆放)5. admire sb. for sth/doing sth.6. warn sb to do sth7. it’s (not ) a dj enough to do sth. 8. make sb do sth9. one…., the other…10. some…, others….11.one of ….., the others. 12. spoken/written English 13. be pleased to do sth 14. the second turning15. what a/an +adj +n +人称代词+ be!16. how +adj. + n/代词+ be！17. what + adj +n + 人称代词+be!18. how + adv. + n/代词+ 实意动词！Unit 31. need to do sth.2. want to do sth.3. be glad to do sth4. rush to do sth5. give up doing sth.6. suggest doing sth.7. why not do sth =why don’t you do sth. 8. ask sb. to do sth 9. one of the + adj最+ n 复10. thanks for doing11. spend time doing sth 12. be interested in doing sth.13. be sorry to do sth 14. be pleased to do sth 15. be good at doing sth 16. look forward to doing sth 17. be excited to do sth. 18. promise to do sth19. would like to do sth. 20. make/get sb +adj21. make a phone call 22. so/as +adj+asUnit 41. used to do sth2. be used to do = be used for doing3. be/get used to doing sth4. take up doing sth5. prepare to do sth6. require sb. to do sth7. give up doing sth 8. be worried about9. decide to do= make a decision 10. advise sb. to do sth 11. such a/an + adj + n 12. be friendly to sb.13. start to do sth 14. find it + adj+ to do sth 15. forget to do sth 16. be proud of =take pride in 17. be different from 18. have great influence on sb./s19. mind (sb) doing sth.20. as adj/adv as possible= as…as sb. can.21 . not any more =no more=no longer=not any longerUnit 51. be known for/ be famous for2. stop sb. from doing sth.3. do some shopping/washing/reading4. from….to…5. be covered with6. avoid doing sth.7. there be sb. doing sth 8. learn to do sth.9. no matter what/who/where=whatever/whoever/wherever10. a symbol of sth 11. it seems that = sb seems /seemed to do 12. it takes … to do sth.13. get better at doing sth 14. allow sb to do / be allowed to do sth. 15. go on to do sth 16. go on doing sth 17. learn about = know about18. give my love to = give my regards to = remember me to19. go on a vacation to sp.。
九年级英语复习资料：固定搭配
九年级英语复习资料：固定搭配九年级英语复习资料：固定搭配(see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、l、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watchingump2 （比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样3 aake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : Iwill go along with you我将和你一起去udents planted trees along wachers 学生同老师们一起种树8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg : ask youbask sb向某人什么12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sbdo 叫某人不要做某事at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixat the beginningof …… ……的起初；……的开始ad of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 eg : Addaaar 在每年的这个时候be/feel confid/that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg : I am / feel confidglish I feel that I can pabe + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… eg :ablg She can sing20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is ablg21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed togo out at night I'm afraid of dog22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowedto watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry w24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : Sheis as tall as me 她和我一样高26 be ashamed27 be away from 远离28 be away from 从……离开29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading bun isbad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30 be born 出生于be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy w忙于……32 be careful 当心；小心be d…… 和什么不一样be famous for 以……著名befriendly to sb 对某人友好b自 eg ：HBejing HBejing IBejing ? DBejing ?be full of 装满……的 be filledwith 充满 eg: the glass is full of waglass isfilled with wabe glad+to+do/从句be going to + v(原）将来时40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good foryour Engl2 be happy to do 很高兴做某事be helpful to sb 对某人有好处eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处be in good health 身体健康buble 处于困难中 eg :uble They ablbd in 对某方面感兴趣be lalate to 迟到 eg: Be lalass 上课迟到be like 像…… eg : I'm lbe mad at 生某人的气50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定be on a v参观be popular with sb 受某人欢迎be quiet 安静b表**的缩写 eg: 陶陶俊杰bbed 生病在床bdo sth bb eg : I aubar that60 buble sb eg : I auble youbdoing sth 严于做某事 eg : He'beying nol2 bwith sb 对某人要求严格eg:udents awlves 这些学生对自己不严格bwith sb某方面对某人严格be supposed todo 被要求干什么be sure 表确定be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English wellbe su对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suad (myteacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he canpa我相信他能通过考试be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pa我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70 bd of + 名/动doing 害怕……bd to do sth 害怕做某事72 be the same as … 和什么一样be used to doing sth 习惯做某事eg: My faused to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He isused to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉be worth doing 值得做什么be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句because+句子 because of +短语eg : He was late because he had a headache He waslate becauadabegin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么eg : Let's begin the game wg I begin to gbetween…and… 两者之间borrowb 向……借……lendb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西eg : I borrowed alent a( he lent me a0 bame(as) = not d(from) 表相同bother 打扰 bother sb to dg : I'bu ,but can you tell me to waa我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站blem has been botheringweeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了He's bothering me to lend2 bd of 到……为止allsb sth eg : We call him old wangare 关心 eg : Don't you care abouuntry'sfuture ?你为什么不关心国家的未atch up with sb 赶上某人at with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点带某人去某地进ver to 过up with 提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea你能想出一个好办法吗？90 communicate with sb 和某人交流der + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Wder goingto lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : Shelikes dancingusic 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞decide to do sth 决定做某事do a survey of 做某方面的调查do b在……方面做得更好do wrong 做错Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词不要介意……ach +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书100 end up +doing10+doing喜欢102esca从……逃跑eg: Tave escaped犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103exdo sth 期待做某事104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来105 fall in love with sb/sth 爱上什么106 far from 离某地远 eg : Tl is fa07 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the bg10完成+doing（名词）110b = bb 适合某人get to do 没有做而忘了forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to gohome I forget closing d2 from…to… 从某某到某某eg: Fget /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut我理了发(头发被剪了）Tom got his badulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）get a part-time job= find a part-time jobget along well with sb = geton well with sb 与某人相处得好get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处getreadbe ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for mathI am ready for maget sbuble 给某人麻烦get sb to d20 get…from… 从某处得到某物。
人教版英语九年级1—5单元重点短语及用法
人教版九年级英语上册1—5单元重点单词及用法Unit 1 How can we become good learners?1 be patient with 对……有耐心patient名词为patience，反义词为impatient。
patient2 read aloud 大声朗读aloud含义为“大声地、高声地”，目的在于让别人3 speak louder 说（更）大点声表示“更大声地”，比较级一般不用more loudly4 develop sb's skills 培养某人的技能develop含义为“开发、研发、培养”，“skill”5 It takes time. 这得慢慢来。
固定句型，后跟不定式。
6 at a high speed 以很快的速度固定词组，在这个词组中，需要加不定冠词。
另外，7 have a better understanding of 更好地理解固定词组，在这个词组中，需要加不定冠词。
8 connect A with B 将A与B联系起来with可以用and代替。
但是，被动语态只能是A isconnected with B9 have a lot in common 有许多共同点这里的a lot，后面不能想当然地接of。
a lot可以something nothing10 be in love with 爱上……这是个延续动词（be动词结构一般都视为延续动fall in love with11 the expressions on sb's face 某人脸上的表情expression这里常用复数形式。
12 look for ways to do 需找做某事的方法固定词组，不定式作名词way的后置定语；way13 a lifelong journey 一场终生的旅途固定词组，life与long写在一起。
14 have an ability to do 有能力做某事“能力”一词为可数名词。
九年级英语人教Unit 1 短语及固定搭配
34.learn to do sth 学会做某事 35.first of all =at first首先 first首先 36.It is +adj .for sb.+to do sth 对于某人来说做某事怎么样 37.To begin with 起初，开始 ter on 以后，随后 39.It doesn’t matter 没关心 doesn’ 40.be afraid to do sth （因害怕） 不敢做某事 be afraid of （doing） sth 害 doing） 怕（做）某事 41.make sentence 造句子 42.write down 写下 43.look …up in a dictionary在词 dictionary在词 典里查找… 典里查找…
19.English19.English-speaking 说英语的 spoken English英语口语 English英语口语 ugh at sb嘲笑某人 sb嘲笑某人 21.take notes 记笔记 22.enjoy doing =have fun doing 喜欢做某事 23.have trouble （in）doing in） sth=have trouble with sth =have difficulty in doing sth做 sth做 某事有困难 24.try to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing 试着做某事 try one’s best 尽某人最大努 one’ 力 25. for eaxmpe …with…把…与…相比 to… with… 59.break off 突然中止，中断 与break搭配的短语： break搭配的短语： break into 突然闯入 break out 突然爆发 break down 出毛病，不运转 60.with the help of …with one’s help 在…的帮助下 one’ help用法：help help用法：help sb do sth帮助某人做某事 sth帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth 61.ask sb （not）to do sth 叫某人（不要）做某事 not） tell sb （not）to do sth告诉某人（不要）做某事 not） sth告诉某人（不要）做某事
九年级上册英语unit1-unit5重点短语和句型
Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 【一】重点短语1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习3. study for a test 备考4.have conversations with 与……交与……交谈5.speaking skills 口语技巧6.a little 有点儿7.at first 起初起先8.the secret to... .......的秘诀9.because of 因为10.as well 也11.look up 查阅；抬头看12.so that 以便，为了13.the meaning of …………的意思14.make mistakes 犯错误15.talk to 交谈16.depend on 依靠依赖17.in common 共有的18.pay attention to 注意关注19. connect …with …把……联系20.for example 例如21.think about 考虑22.even if 即使尽管纵容23.look for 寻找24.worry about 担心担忧25.make word cards 制作单词卡片26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助27.read aloud 大声读28.spoken English 英语口语29.give a report 作报告30.word by word 一字一字地31. so……that 如此……以至于32.fall in love with 爱上33.something interesting 有趣的事情34.take notes 记笔记35.how often 多久一次36.a lot of 许多37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力38.learning habits 学习习惯39.be interested in 对……感兴趣40.get bored 感到无聊【二】重点句型1.提建议的句子：①What/ how about +doing sth.? 做…怎么样？如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 你为什么不做…？如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 为什么不做…？如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 让我们做…吧。
九年级英语固定搭配
九年级英语固定搭配ability to do sth 做某事的能力be able to do sth 能做某事What about ...? ……怎么样?How about ...? ……怎么样?be about to do sth 正要做某事above all 最重要的是;尤其是absent from 缺席……by accident 偶然;意外地act as 担任;充当;起……作用act out 把……表演出来;将……付诸行动take action 采取行动be active in (doing) sth 在 (做) 某事方面活跃add to 增加;增添add up 把……加起来add up to 合计达in addition 另外in addition to 除……之外take advantage of 利用advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事advise doing sth 建议做某事afford to do sth 承担得起做某事be afraid of (doing) sth 害怕/担心(做)某事be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事I m afraid 恐怕;很遗憾after all 毕竟;终究再again and again 再三地;反复地at the age of 在……岁时long (long) ago 很久以前a long time ago 很久以前agree to do sth 同意做某事agree on 对……达成一致agree to 赞同;赞成(计划等)agree with 同意;赞同(意见等)come alive 活泼起来;生动起来all in all 总而言之in all 总共not at all 根本不;一点也不;不客气allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事It’s all right. 没事的;没关系That’s all right. 没关系。
人教版九年级全册Unit1固定搭配
Unit 1How can we become good learners? 1．the secret to………的秘诀2．look up 查阅look at 查找look for寻找look through浏览look into 调查look over检查look after 照顾look forward to 期盼，盼望3．connect ……with…把……和……连接/联系起来4．pay attention to 注意；关注5．used to do sth过去常常做某事be used to doing sth习惯做某事Be used to do sth 被用来做..........6．finish doing sth 完成做某事7．Word by word 逐字逐句8．The+比较级，the+比较级，越....,就越........比较级and 比较级，越来越.........9．So that 为了，以便，so....that 如此，以致于10．be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事11．with the help of sb. == with one's help 在某人的帮助下Help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事12．depend on 取决于；依靠13. make sb +v./adj 使某人……14. come up with 想出，提出15. in common 相同的16. the ability to do sth.. 做某事的能力17. keep doing sth=continue to do sth 继续|持续做某事Keep|stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事18.be good at doing sth 擅长做某事be good to sb 对某人友好be good with sb 和某人相处的好be good for 对...有好处19.practice makes perfect 熟能生巧20. make mistakes 犯错21.提建议的句子：①What/how about +doing sth? 做……怎么样？②Why don't you+do sth? 你为什么不做……？③Why not+do sth? 为什么不做……？④Let's+do sth. 让我们做……吧。
新目标英语九年级第一至五单元语法短语句型详解(复习)
2. used to 的用法
“主语＋used to＋动词原形＋其它”这个句型结 构表示过去的习惯，暗示现在已无此习惯。
used to + do be + 名、形
其否定形式是主语＋didn’t use to ＋动原 问句形式为：Did＋主语＋use to＋…? 反意疑问句：主语＋used to＋…，did＋主语 和used to 相关的其它句型： get / be used to doing 习惯于做… be used to do被用来
We are allowed to watch “Out look” every day.
（4）should be allowed to do 应被允许做某事
We should be allowed to choose our own clothes.
5. 虚拟语气
构成： 主句：主语＋would＋动原 从句：if＋主语＋过去式（be动词一律用were） ＋其它
用法： A. 表示与事实相反的假设 B. 表示不可能实现的事情 C. 用于提建议
6.提建议句型总结 （1）I think you should / could do.
（You had better do.
（3）If I were you, I would do.
（4）What about / How about doing?
Grammar
Tasks
Phrases Sentences
一. Grammar 1. 动名词的用法： （1）动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，由动词加 –ing 构成。 （2）用法 A. 作主语 She said that memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a lot. B. 作宾语 Now, I am enjoying learning English. Thanks for sending me the E-mail. C. 作定语 I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets……
九年级英语上册一到五单元重点句型复习
九年级英语上册一到五单元重点句型复习1. do sth by doing sth “通过做...而做(成)....”Eg: Jenny had a good chance to study abroad by passing the entrance examination very well2. find/make/think it adj for sb to do =find/make/think为“发现/使得/认为 (做)....(感到)....”该句式为形式宾语结构，由“find+宾语+形容词”变化而来. 当find的宾语为动词不定式或者宾语从句时，直接放在find之后，相比较做宾语补足语的形容词，会显得句子“不平衡”;所以用it当作句子的形式宾语，而真正的宾语就要放到句子最后了。
、Eg: I found to speak English fluentlydifficult.I found it difficult to speak English fluently. it为形式宾语代替to speak English fluently3. suggest的用法①要表示汉语的“建议做某事”，英语通常用suggest doingsth，而不能用 suggest to do sth。
如：他建议坐飞机去，可我认为这样花费太大。
正：He suggested going by plane, butI thought it would cost too much.误：He suggested to go by plane, but I thought it would cost too much.②汉语通常说“建议某人做某事”，但英语习惯上不能说suggest sb to do sth，而说suggest sb’s [sb]doing sth。
也就是说，suggest 后不仅不接不定式，而且也不接不定式的复合结构。
九年级上1-5单元的重点短语和句型总结
Unit 1 How can we become good learners?短语归纳listen to tapes 听磁带study for a test 备考have conversations with 与···交谈the secret to···，·····的秘诀because of + 短语因为as well 也（句末）look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看so that 以便so···that 如此···以至于make mistakes in 在某方面犯错depend on 依靠; 依赖in common 共有的pay attention to doing 注意关注connect ···with ···把···和···联系或连接起来for example 例如(一个例)even if / though 即使尽管look for 寻找find out 找到查明worry about = be worried about 担心ask the teacher for help 向老师求助read aloud 大声读spoken English 英语口语give a report 作报告word by word 一字一字地fall in love with 爱上something interesting 有趣的事情take notes 记笔记how often 多久一次(once a week)the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力learning habits 学习习惯sb be interested in 对···感兴趣get bored 感到无聊learn from each other 彼此学习instead of 代替而不是用法集萃by doing sth 通过做某事It `s +adj+ to do sth 做某事是···的finish doing sth 完成某事what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？try to do sth 尽力做某事the +比较级，the+比较级越···，就越···find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事be afraid of doing / to do 害怕做某事help sb do sth / with sth 帮助某人做某事practice doing 练习做某事keep doing 一直做某事begin to do 开始做某事need to do 需要做某事(needn`t do / don`t need to do) Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!短语归纳put on 增加（体重）发胖end up 最终成为，最后处于not only ···but also···不但···而且···shoot down 射下used to do 过去做···be used to doing 习惯做…remind sb of 使某人想起give out 分发发放sound like 听起来像in the shape of 以···的形状on Mid-Autumn night 在中秋之夜f ly up to… 飞向lay out 摆开布置as a result 结果因此more and more popular 越来越受欢迎dress up as 装扮成…the importance of ···的重要性make money 挣钱in need 需要帮助处于困境中between ···and···在···和···之间be similar to 与···相似wash away 冲走洗掉call out 大声呼喊the tradition of ···的传统at night 在夜里在晚上one···，the other···一个···，另一个···play a trick on sb 捉弄某人the spirit of ···的精神care about 关心wake up 醒来the beginning of ···的开始The Dragon Boat Festival 龙舟节The Lantern Festival 元宵节The Water Festival 泼水节The Chinese Spring Festival 中国春节Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节M other’s Day 母亲节Father’s Day 父亲节用法集萃what+a/an +adj+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语+其他）！how +adj/adv+主语+谓语+其他！···多么···！in+时间段表将来( How soon 提问)plan to do sth 计划做某事refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事one of +名词复数形式···之一It +is+名词+动词不定式（to do sth）做某事是What do you think of···？= How do you like···认为···怎么样？make sb do sth 让某人做某事warn sb （not）to do sth 告诫某人做某事tell sb （not）to do sth 告诉某人做某事decide to do sth 决定做某事promise to do sth 承诺、答应做某事Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restaurants are?短语归纳a pair of 一对，一双，一副between A and B 在A和B之间o n one’s way to 在去···的路上pardon me 什么，请再说一遍pass by = go past路过经过look forward to doing 盼望期待excuse me 打扰了请原谅get some magazines 得到一些杂志get some information about 获取有关···的一些信息turn left\right 向左\向右转a little earlier 更早一点儿a good place to eat 一个吃饭的好地方in different situations 在不同的情况下on time 准时get to 到达in the shopping center 购物中心at / on the corner of ``` 的角落\拐角处lead in to 导入引入用法集萃not ···· until···直到···猜···Let’s do sth 咱们做某事吧！start doing sth 开始做某事spend time doing sth 话费时间做某事thank sb for doing sth 为做某事而感谢某人would like to do sth 想要做某事take up sth 开始从事，占用not···anymore =…no more…不再worry about = be worried about为···担忧hang out with friends跟朋友闲逛think about 考虑be alone 独处on the soccer team 在足球队no more = not …anymore不再make a decision to do = decide to do 决定做t o one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.短语归纳grow up 成长all the time 一直deal with （how ）对付应付be proud of 为···=take pride in为···感到自豪from time to time 时常，有时in public 公开地in person 亲身，亲自even though= even if 尽管in the last few years (have done) 在过去的几年里turn red 变红be careful about 对…当心be nervous about 对…紧张give up 放弃，戒a number of ··· +v.(复) 大量的···the number of …+v.(单) …的数量give a speech 作演讲all the time 一直总是c hange one’s life 改变某人的生活take care of = look after照顾用法集萃used to do sth 过去常常做某事be used to doing 习惯做be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事make sb do sth 让某人做某事adj+ enough to do sth 足够···而能够做某事be prepared to do sth 准备做某事see sb do sth 看见某人做某事see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事It’s hard to believe that ···很难相信···It +has+been +一段时间+ since+从句自从···以来已经有很多长时间了dare to do 敢于做某事It’s adj+ for sb+ to do sth 对某人来说做某事是···的Unit5 what are the shirts made of ?衬衫是由什么制成的？短语归纳be made of 由...制成的(可看出原材料)be made from 由...制成的（无法辨认原材料）be made in 在···制造的be known for 以...闻名be famous for 以···著名be used for doing / to do 被用于...be used by 被···使用be good for 对···有益be good at 擅长no matter 不论；无论be covered with 用...覆盖as far as I know 据我所知by hand 用手on the last Friday of each month 在每个月的最后一个星期五make high-technology products 制造高科技产品t he earth’s surface 地球表面many different kinds of 许多不同种类的fly a kite 放风筝such as 例如according to 根据按照ask for help 请求帮助a symbol of ···的象征put···on···把···放在···上good luck 好运at a very high heat 在高温下on the sides of mountains 在山腰上all over the world 全世界traffic accidents 交通事故be from …来自turn into…变成send out 放出in trouble 处于困境中rise into 上升上涨paper cutting 剪纸during the Spring Festival 在春节期间sky lanterns 孔明灯用法集萃1.被动语态：be + done (过去分词)2.no matter +从句“无论”3.find it +adj. +that 从句“发现···是怎样的”4.It seems that +从句“好像···”5.buy sb. sth. =buy sth for sb 给某人买某物6.avoid doing sth 避免做某事7.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事allow doing sth 允许做某事8.want to do sth 想做某事9.learn to do sth 学会做某事10.try to do sth 尽力做某事11.It takes sb时间to do sth 做某事花费多长时候ed to do sth 过去常常做某事be used to doing 习惯做be used to do / for doing 被用来做范文一：The Good Ways to Learn EnglishThere are many ways to learn English. Here is some of my advice.First of all, watching English movies is a good way to improve yourlistening skills. It is also a good idea to join an English club because you canpractice speaking English with your friends and never get bored. What `s more?Don’t forget to take notes in class and review them after school. It really helps youlearn grammar.In a word, I hope my advice will help you.范文二：Cuihu Park is not far from here. It `s easy to get there. Just go straight andturn right at the first corner. Then go past the hospital and turn left. You will find iton your right across from the restaurant.As you see, Cuihu Park is a good place to have fun. You can go swimming ,have a picnic or hang out with friends there.I am sure you will enjoy yourself in Cuihu Park.范文三：How Any has changedAndy has changed a lot in the last few years.In the past, he used to get up late and was often late for school. But now hegets up early and goes to school on time. In class, he used to sleep. But now hepays attention to the teacher and takes lots of notes. In the evening, he used towatch TV instead of doing homework. But now he spends too much timestudying for the tests. The biggest change is that he used to be shy.But now he triesto help the students with their trouble.As you see, he is popular now and has many friends. How he has changed!范文四：My favorite festival in ChinaThere are many traditional festivals in China. But I like the Spring Festivalbest. Let me tell you something about it.It comes on the first day of Chinese New Year. Before the Spring Festival,people in China have the tradition of cleaning their house because it is a time forwashing away bad luck. On that day, people get together and eat dumplings. Thenthey put on new clothes to visit their friends and relative and say “Happy NewYear” to each other. It is also a good time for little kids because they can get lots oflucky money from their parents or grandparents with the best wishes.As you see, the Spring Festival is the most interesting festival in China andit is my favorite one, too.范文五：My HometownDo you know my hometown? It is a beautiful seaside city called Shantou. Itlies in the southeast of China. The weather here is neither too hot nor too cold.Shantou is famous for beef balls. They are made of beef. The best beef ballsare made by hand. People have to spend a long time processing them so that theycan taste delicious. Shantou is also known for Kong Fu tea. The local peopleusually drink it after meals. It is a good way to relax and enjoy the happy momentwith family.As you see, Shantou is a good place to have fun. Why not come and visit it inperson?。
九年级英语固定搭配短语大全
九年级英语固定搭配短语大全
- according to 依据
- art festival 艺术节
- a symbol of good luck 好运的象征
- as far as I know 据我所知
- as for 至于
- be born with 天生；具有
- be different from 不同于
- be harmful to 对……有害
- be in control of 掌管
- be in danger 处于危险之中
- be interested in 对……感兴趣
- be known/famous for 以……出名
- because of 因为
- be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth. 被用于做……- be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于……；适应于……
- bring back 使想起
- bring good luck to 给……带来好运
- by accident 意外的
- by mistake 错误的
- call in 召来；叫来
- call up 打电话给（某人）；征召- care about 关心；在意
- care for 照顾；喜欢
- check out 察看
- cheer up 振作起来
- across from 在……对面。
初中九年级英语固定搭配短语300
背会这300条必考的英语固定搭配，选择、完形填空、写作全搞定！1.(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump2.（比较级and比较级）表示越来越怎么样3.a piece of cake=easy小菜一碟（容易）4.agree with sb赞成某人5.all kinds of各种各样a kind of一样6.all over the world=the whole world整个世界7.along with同……一道，伴随……eg:I will go along with you我将和你一起去the students planted trees along with their teachers学生同老师们一起种树8.As soon as一怎么样就怎么样9.as you can see你是知道的10.ask for……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg:ask you for my book11.ask sb for sth向某人什么12.ask sb to do sth询问某人某事ask sb not to do叫某人不要做某事13.at the age of在……岁时eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen14.at the beginning of…………的起初；……的开始15.at the end of+地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg:At the end of the day16.at this time of year在每年的这个时候17.be/feel confident of sth/that clause+从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg:I am/feel confident of my spoken EnglishI feel that I can pass the test18.be+doing表：1现在进行时2将来时19.be able to(+v原)=can(+v原）能够……eg:She is able to sing She can sing20.be able to do sth能够干什么eg:she is able to sing21.be afraid to do(of sth恐惧，害怕……eg:I'm afraed to go out at nightI'm afraid of dog22.be allowed to do被允许做什么eg:I'm allowed to watch TV我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV我应该被允许看电视23.be angry with sb生某人的气eg:Don't be angry with me24.be angry with(at)sb for doing sth为什么而生某人的气25.be as…原级…as和什么一样eg:She is as tall as me她和我一样高26.be ashamed to27.be away from远离28.be away from从……离开29be bad for对什么有害eg:Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30.be born出生于31.be busy doing sth忙于做什么事be busy with sth忙于……32.be careful当心；小心33.be different from……和什么不一样34.be famous for以……著名35.be friendly to sb对某人友好36.be from=come from来自eg：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing?Does he come from Bejing?37.be full of装满……的be filled with充满eg:the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38.be glad+to+do/从句39.be going to+v(原）将来时40.be good at(+doing)=do well in在某方面善长,善于……41.be good for对什么有好处eg:Reading aloud is good for your English42.be happy to do很高兴做某事43.be helpful to sb对某人有好处eg:Reading aloud is helpful to you大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpful to your bady锻炼对你的身体有好处44.be in good health身体健康45.be in trouble处于困难中eg:She is in trouble They are in tronble46.be interested in对某方面感兴趣47.be late for=come late to迟到eg:Be late for class上课迟到48.be like像……eg:I'm like my mother49.be mad at生某人的气50.be made from由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)51.be made of由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52.be not sure表不确定53.be on a visit to参观54.be popular with sb受某人欢迎55.be quiet安静56.be short for表**的缩写eg:陶is short for陶俊杰57.be sick in bed生病在床58.be sorry to do sth be sorry for sbeg:I am sorry for you59.be sorry to hear that60.be sorry to trouble sbeg:I am sorry to trouble you61.be strict in doing sth严于做某事eg:He's strict in obeying noles62.be strict with sb对某人要求严格eg:Some students are not strict with them selves这些学生对自己不严格63.be strict with sb in sth某方面对某人严格64.be supposed to do被要求干什么65.be sure表确定66.be sure of doing sth对做某事有信心eg:He is sure of winningI am sure of learning English well67be sure of sth对做某事有信心eg:I'm sure of my head(my teacher我相信我的大脑（老师）68be sure that sth对做某事有信心eg:I'm suer that he can pass the test我相信他能通过考试69.be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg:We are sure to pass the test我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well我们一定能学好英语70.be terrified of+名/动doing害怕……71.be terrified to do sth害怕做某事72.be the same as…和什么一样73.be used to doing sth习惯做某事eg:My father is used to getting up early我爸爸习惯早起He is used to sleeping in class他习惯上课睡觉74.be worth doing值得做什么75.be(feel)afraid to do sth害怕做某事be afraid of sth害怕某物be afraid that丛句76.because+句子because of+短语eg:He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache77.begin to do=start to do开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么开始什么eg:Let's begin the game with the songI begin to go home78.between…and…两者之间79.borrow sth from sb向……借……lend sth to sb(lend sb sth借给……什么东西eg:I borrowed a pen from himhe lent a pen to me(he lent me a pen80.both=the same(as)=not different(from)表相同81.bother打扰bother sb to do stheg:I'm sorry to bother you,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站the problem has been bothering me for weeks这个问题困扰了我几个周了82.by the end of到……为止83.call sb stheg:We call him old wang84.care关心eg:Don't you care about this country's future?你为什么不关心国家的未来85.catch up with sb赶上某人86.chat with sb和某人闲谈take sb to+地点带某人去某地e in进来e over to过来e up with提出eg:Can you come up with a good idea你能想出一个好办法吗？municate with sb和某人交流91.consider+doing考虑做什么eg:Why not consider going to lu zhou为什么不考虑去泸州？92.dance to随着……跳舞eg:She likes dancing to the music她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93.decide to do sth决定做某事94.do a survey of做某方面的调查95.do better in在……方面做得更好96.do wrong做错97.Don't forget to do sth不要忘了做某事98.Don't mind+doing/从句/名词不要介意……99.each+名（单）每一个……eg:Each student has many books每一个学生都有一些书100.end up+doing101.enjoy+doing喜欢102.escape from从……逃跑eg:The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来Some gas is escaping from the pipe有一些气体从管子里冒出103.expect to do sth期待做某事104.fall down摔下来fall off从哪摔下来105.fall in love with sb/sth爱上什么106.far from离某地远eg:The school is far from my home107.find+it+adj+to do发现做某事怎么样108.find sb/sth+adj发现什么怎么样？eg:I find the book interesting109.finish完成+doing（名词）110.fit to sb=be fit for sb适合某人111.forget to do没有做而忘了forget doing做了而又忘了eg:Don't forget to go homeI forget closing door112.from…to…从某某到某某eg:From me for her113.get/have sth down做完，被（别人）做……eg:I have my hair cut我理了发(头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）114.get a part-time job=find a part-time job115.get along well with sb=get on well with sb与某人相处得好116.get along with sb=get on with sb与某人相处117.get ready for=be ready for为什么而准备eg:I get ready for mathI am ready for math118.get sb in to trouble给某人麻烦119.get sb to do sth120.get…from…从某处得到某物121.give a talk做报告eg:He is give a tall122.give sth to sb give sb sth给某人某物123.go fish钓鱼go swimming游泳124.go on to do去做下一件事go on doing继续做这件事125.go out away from go out of126.go to school上学（用于专业的）go to the school去学校（不一定是上学）127.good way to好方法128.hate to do讨厌没做过的事hate doing讨厌做过的事129.have a party for sb举办谁的晚会130.have a talk听报告谈一谈131.have been doing现在完成进行时eg:You have been talkingYou have been sleeping since132.have been to…(地方）…去过某过地方have gone to…（地方）去了某地还没回来133.have fun+doing玩得高兴134have sth to do有什么事要做eg:I have a lot of homework to do我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do我没什么事情做135.have to do sth必须做某事136.have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth做什么事情有麻烦137.have…time+doing138.have…(时间)…off放……假eg:I have month off我请一个月得假139.hear sb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事140.help a lot很大用处141.help sb with sth one's sth帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb(to)do sth帮助某人做某事142.hope to do sth希望做某事143.How about(+doing)=What about(+doing)144.how do you like=what do you think of你对什么的看法145.if:是否＝wethereg:I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on time tomorrow morning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146.if:如果eg:I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州If they change the plan they will let me know假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England,if I have enough money next year如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147.in one's opinion=sb think某人认为148.in some ways在某些方面149.in the end=finally(adv)最后150.in the north of…什么在什么的北方（north北sowth南west西east 东）151.in the sun在太阳下152.increase增加eg:They've increased the prece of petrol by3%他们把石油价增加了3%the population has increased from12million ten years ago to18million now153.instead of+（名）代替eg:I'd like an apple instead of a pear我想要苹果，而不要梨子I like English instead of math我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154.introduce sb to sb介绍某人给某人introduce oneself自我介绍155.invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事156.It takes sb sometime to do sth做某人花掉某人多少时间eg:It took me5minutes to do my homeworkIt takes me half an hour to cook157.It's+adj+for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样158.It's+adj+to do做某事怎么样159.It's+adj for sb对于某人来说怎么样It's+adj of sb对某人来说太怎么样160.It's+adj(for sb)to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样It's+adj of sb to do sth对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg:It's nice of you to help me with my English161.It's a good idea for sb to do sth对……来说是个好主意162.It's important to sb对某人来说很重要eg:It's important to me163.It's time to do sth It's time for sth到了该去做某事的时间eg:It's time to have classIt's time for class该去上课了164.join=take part in参加165.just now刚才166.keep+sb/sth+adj/介词短语让什么保持什么样？167.keep out不让……进入168.keep sb adj让……保持……eg:I want to keep my mother happykeep healthy保持健康169.key to+名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170.key to…anser to…key可以是答题或钥匙ugh at…取笑……eg:Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke 172.learn by oneslfe自学173.learn from sb向某人学习eg:We should learn from Lei Feng174.learn to do sth学做某事175.let sb do sth让某人做某事176.Let sb down让某人失望eg：We shouldn't let our farents down我们不应该让我们的父母失望177.live from:离某地远178.live in+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan179.look after=take care of照顾照看180.lose one's way谁迷路eg:Lose your way你迷路181.make a decision to do sth决定做某事182.make friends with sb和谁成为朋友eg:I want to make friends with you183.make it early把时间定的早一点184.make on exhibition of oneself让某人出洋相185.make sb/n+n使什么成为什么eg:I made her my step mollerI made you my wife186.make sb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么样eg:You must made your bed clean187.make sb/sth adj使某人/某物怎么样188.make sb do sth让某人做某事eg:I made him write我以前让他写189.make upbe made up of(被动语态）由……组成190.make…difference to…191.mind sb to domind one's doing介意……做什么192.most+名most of+代193.much too+形容词194.must be一定195.need+名词196.need sb do sth需要某人做某事197.need to do(实义动词）need do(情态动词）198.no/neithr of hate to dono/neithr of hate doing199.no+名词200.not anymore=no more再也不……eg:He didn't cry any more He cried no more他再也不哭201not…(形、副）at alleg:He's not tall at allshe doesn't junp far at all202.not…at all一点都不203.not…either表否定，也不eg:I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either我也没有姐姐204.not…until直到……才……eg:I didn't sleep until my mother came backThe child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar205.offer/provide sb with sth给某人提供206.offer sb sth(offer sth to sb提供什么东西给某人eg:I offer you water(I offer water to you我给你提供水207.on one's way to…在谁去那的路上208.on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面209.on the phone=over the phone用电话交谈210.on time准时in time及时211.one day＝some day＝someday一天，有一天212.one of+可数名词的复数形式213.one to another一个到另一个214.over and over agin一遍又一遍的eg:He cleaned the floor over and over agin215.part-time job兼职工作fall-time job全职工作216.pay for…付……钱pay the bill开钱，付钱217.please+do218.please help yourself219.pleased with sb220.pool into=pore into221.practice+doing练习做某事222.prefer sth to sth相对……更喜欢……eg:I prefer physics to chemisty在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer doing to sth更喜欢去做…不愿意去做…eg:He prefers riding a bike to diving他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿做…也不愿eg:My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车prefer sb not to do sth更愿意…eg:I prefer her not to come我不喜欢她不来223.pretend to do sth装着去做什么pretend that从句eg:The two cheats pretended to be working very hard这两个骗子装着努力工作He pretended that he did not know the answer他装着不知道答案224.rather…than宁可……也不……eg:I would rather be a doctor than a teacher我愿肯当医生，也不当老师He likes dogs rather than cats他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫225.regard…as把……当作……eg:Please give my best regards to your family请带我向你的家人我最好的问候I regard you as my friend我把你当作我的朋友He shows little regard for others他不爱关心别人226.remid sb about sth提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth提醒某人做某事eg:he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook他提醒我做饭227.remid sb of sth使某人想起什么eg:the pictures remind me of my school days这照片使我想起了我的学校the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother228.return sth to sb还什么东西给某人229.say to oneself对自己说230.say to sb对某人说231sb spend somemoney on sth花了多少钱在某事上232.sb spend sometime with sb花了多少时间陪谁233.sb spend sometime(in)doing sth花了多少时间做某事234.sb with sb+is sb and sb+are235.see sb do看见某人做过某事see sb doing看见某人正在做某事236.seem to do/be+adj显得怎么样eg:You seem to be tiredYou seem to be happy237.send+sb sth送给某人某物238.send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239.shock使……震惊eg:Oh,It's only you!You give me a shock啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240.show sb sth向某人展示某物eg:I show her the book.241.show sb sth=show sth to sb拿什么东西给某人看eg:Show me your pen Show your pen to me242.show sth to sb向某人展示某物eg:I show the book to her.243.some…others…一些……另一些……244.start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始245.stay away from远离……eg:We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观动物园时，我们要远离动物246.stop doing停下正在做的事247.stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事248.stop sb(from)doing阻止某人做某事249.stop to do停下正在做的事去做下一件事250.such+名这样，这种251.suit sb适合某人252.surprise sb使某人惊奇to one's surprise令某人惊奇253.take classes上课254.take sb to把某人带去eg:I take you to the hospital255.take walks=take a walk＝go for a walk散步256.talk with sb和某人说话257.①talk to对谁说eg:I talk to you②talk with和谁说eg:I talk with him③talk of谈到eg:we talked of you④talk about谈论关于……258.teach sb sth教某人做某事259.tell sb do sth告诉某人做某事260.tell sb sth tell sb that丛句tell sb not to do sth tell a story261.tell sb sth告诉某人某事262.tell sb to do sth告诉某人做什么tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不要做什么263.tell…from…264.thank you for+doing265.the same+名词(doing)+as……266.the same…(名)…asas…(adj adv)…as相同267.the way to do sth＝the way of doing sth做某方面的方法the way to+地方去哪的路e g:Do you know the way to learn EnglishDo you know the way of learning English268.the way to…（地点）到哪的路269.too…to…太怎样而不能……adj+enough to足够…能…so…that+丛句太…所以…eg:He is too young to go to school=He is so young that he can't go to school He is old enough to go to school＝He is so old that he can go to school270.transalte……into……把什么翻译成什么eg:Trasalte English into chinese271.travel with sb和某人去旅游272.try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg:I will try my best to learn English well273.try to do sth想干什么，但没成功try doing sth想干什么，已经做过了eg：He tried to climb他想爬上去，但没成功He tried climbing他想爬上去274.try…试衣服have a try试一下275.turn down开小←→turn up开大276.turn off关上←→turn on打开open拆开277.upside down倒着278.visit to…参观某个地方279.wait for sb等某人280.wait for sb to do sth等某人做什么wait for sb等某人wait for sometime等多少时间eg:Would you please wait for me to get ready等我准备好，好吗？Let's wait for the rain to stop让我们等雨停吧281.wake sb up把某人叫醒282.want to do sth想做某事283.watch sb do sth观看某人做某事284.welcome to+…（地方）欢迎到……285.what about+n/doing eg:what about an apple286.what if如果……怎么办What if+句子eg:What if it is true?如果是真的怎么办？What if aliens should come to the earth假如外星人来到地球怎么办？287.what they will do=what to do288.What's the matter?=What's the trouble?=What's wrong?有什么困难？289.while+延续性动词290.why don't you do=why not do291.will you please do will you please not do292.with one's best=with the help of sb在某人的帮助下293.with the help of sb在某人的帮助下with one's help294.work at…在某处工作295.work with sb和某人一起工作296.would like sth/to do stheg:I would like to go to LuZhou297.would you please+do298.yet:至今，用在否定句中299.you'd better do最好做某事=you'd better not do最好不要做某事300.不定式+v(原）301.联系动词（taste吃起来/sound听起来/look看起来/semll闻起来）+adj302.名词、副词、形容词修饰enongh时,形容词放在之前，名词、副词放在之后303.太多too much+不可数too many+可数much too相当于very，修饰形容词。
初中九年级英语动词固定搭配整理汇总(全)
初中九年级英语动词固定搭配整理汇总(全)___。
difficult。
and essential points of r high school English。
Today。
I。
Vivi。
want to share with you all the fixed ns of verbsin r high school English。
hoping that this content can help youwith your English learning.I。
25 common verbs that only take infinitives (cannot take gerunds) as objects:1.Want to do sth。
- I want to buy a new computer this afternoon.2.Would like to do sth。
- I would like to invite you to cometo my birthday party this Saturday.3.Wish to do sth。
- I wish to live on the moon one day.4.Help (to) do sth。
- I often help (to) do some chores at home.5.Hope to do sth。
- I hope to have a good rest this weekend.6.Learn to do sth。
- He finally learned to play the piano with the help of the teacher.7.Manage to do sth。
- They managed to ___.8.Offer to do sth。
- Never offer to teach fish to swim.9.Plan to do sth。
九年级英语中考英语复习完形填空必背指南固定搭配
完形填空的基础固定搭配1. with the help of在~~帮助下under the leadership/ care of在~~领导/关心下2. be strict with sb.对~人要求严格be strict in sth.对~事要求严格3. at present= at the present time目前for the present暂时4. in the sun/ sunshine在阳光下under the sun在世界上5. lie in位于~~之内lie to位于~~外6. at least至少in the least丝毫,一点7. by name名叫in the name of以~~名义8. in the air空中,在流传on the air播出9. in the way挡路,障碍,用~~方法get one' s own way to do随心所欲give way让步,屈服lose one's way迷路by the way顺便说一下on one's way to在去~~的路上Come this way这边走10. at the corner在拐角处(外角)in the corner在角落里(内角)on the corner在角落上(外角上)11. judge by/from根据~来判断12. at the end(of)在~~结束时at the beginning of在~~开始时at the back of在~ 背后,支持at the age of~~岁时at the foot of 在~~脚下at the bottom of在~~底部at the top of在~~顶上at/ on the edge of在~~边上in the eyes of从~~观点看来,在灬~~眼里in the face of面对in the middle of在~中间in the end= at last= finally最后14. on the eve of在前夕on the side of在15. after a time= after some time过一段时间后for a time= for some time一时,有一段时间16. behind time迟到,过期behind the times落在时代后面17. at no time决不in no time立即,马上18. at one time= once time曾经at a time each time每次at times= sometimes有时at all times经常,一直,始终at the same time同时at the time在~~的时候by the time到~的时候19. for a moment会儿for the moment暂时at the moment当时the moment/ minute/ instance正当~~一刹那20. once or twice-两次more than once不止一次once ore重新,又once upon a time从前once in a while偶尔1. 以break为中心的词组break away from脱离,逃离break down破坏break in闯进,打断;使顺服break into闯入;强行进入;突然开始breakout爆发,发生;准备使用;起锚break the record破记录break one's promise失言break up开垦,破碎;解散,分开,分解2. 以catch为中心的词组be caught doing被发现做某事be caught in rain淋雨catch a bus/ train赶汽车/火车catch a cold伤风,感冒catch one' s word听懂某人的话catch sight of发现,瞥见catch up with赶上,追及,追上3. come为中心的词组come across偶尔发现,想起;越过;偿付come along一道来,陪伴;进步,进展;出现come at达到,求得,得到;扑向,袭击come back回来;恢复,复原come down倒下;降落;跌落;病倒come from来自,起源于,从~~产生,生于come in进来,进入;流行起来;获名次come into being发生,产生,出现,形成come into power开始执政,当权,当选come on上演;开始;赶快;发展;登台;(问题)被提出come to know开始了解到come out出来,传出;出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露come to苏醒,复原;共计;达到;归结于come to an end终止,结束come true实现,成为现实;证实come up走近;上楼;长出,发芽4.以do为中心的词组be done in精疲力竭be done with完全结束do a good deed做一件好事do away with去掉,废除;弄死;浪费do good to=do sb.good)有益于do harm to(=do sb.good)有害于do its work有效,有作用do much极有用do wrong to做错do one' s best尽某人最大努力do one' s homework做作业do one' s utmost尽力而为do proud足以使~~骄傲do sb. justice公平对待某人do some cleaning+ing etc.)搞卫生do sb. a favor帮助某人do without.不需要,不用do wonders创造奇迹have nothing to do with与~~无关have something to do with和~有关That will do.行了够了5.以get为中心的词组get about徘徊,走动,旅行;流传get accustomed to习惯于,对习以为常get across度过,通过,横过;说服,使理解get ahead of胜过,超过get along前进,进步;同意;离去get along with与~~相处get at发现,了解;掌握;攻击have got to do不得不,必须get away离开,逃脱get back取回,回来;报复get behind落后;识破get down咽下;写下;使沮丧,使抑郁get down to认真对待,静下心来get familiar with熟悉get hold of获得,取得get home到家get in进入,陷入;牵涉get off下车;动身get on上车;穿上;进步,使前进;成功相处get upon with进步;在~~方面获得成功get one's hand in熟悉;习惯get out of由~~出来,从~~得出;避免;退休get over越过;恢复,痊愈;克服;完成get ready for为~~作准备get rid of除去,去掉;免除,摆脱get through到达,完成,通过;及格get together积聚,积累;商谈,取得一致意见get up起床,起立;研究,钻研;致力于;安排,组织get used to习惯于6.make为中心的词组be made from由~~原料制成be made of由~~材料制成be made up of由~~组成make a fool of 愚弄,欺骗make a mistake弄错make a point of doing强调;认为~~重要;决心,坚持make advantages/ use of使用,利用make after追求,追赶make certain确信,把~~弄清楚make contact with接通,与~~接触,与~~联系make for去向,向~前进;有利于make friends with和~~交友make into把~~制成,使~~转变为make much or重视;理解;赏make one's own当作自己的看待make oneself at home随便,别拘束make out填写;开支票;理解;辨认make the best of尽量利用;极为重视make up弥补,修理;赔偿,补偿;起草;编造;化装make up to接近,巴结;向~~求爱make way for为~~让路,让路于on the make急求成功;增加9.以put为中心的词组put aside把~~放在一边;搁置;排除put away把放好,把~~收拾;储藏;吃喝,吃掉put back把放回原处;驳回put down放下;镇压;制止;记下;削减:降落put forward提出;拨快;建议,推荐;提倡,倡议put~into把~~放入;插入;翻译成put off推迟,延期;消除;推脱,推辞put on上演;穿上,带上put up with忍受,容忍put one's heart into全神贯注,专心致志put up举起,挂起提名,推荐;陈列6.以give为中心的词组be given to沉溺于,癖好give about分配;传播give and take相互迁就give away赠送;牺牲;泄露;颁发give back归还give cause给予~~的理由give ear to侧耳倾听give forth发出,放出;发表give in屈服,让步,投降give in to同意,接受;向~让步give off发出(烟,气味)give oneself out to be/as自称为give oneself up to专心于;向~~自首give out分发,公布give place to让位于,被~~所替代give rise to引起,导致;使~~发生give up放弃;停止give way to让步,退;屈服于7.以look为中心的词组look about四下环顾;查看look after照顾,看管look around东张西望look at注视,着眼于look back回顾look for寻找;期待,期望look down on俯视;轻视look forward to盼望,期待look into窥视;调查;浏览look like看起来象look on旁观;面向look out向外看;注意;当心,堤防look over从上面看过去;检查look through透过~~看去;看穿,浏览look up to仰望,10.以take为中心的词组be taken aback吃惊take a seat就坐take a shower淋浴,洗澡take aim瞄准,设立目标take away拿走,减去;夺去take by surprise出奇制胜take one' s place就坐,入坐take care of心,注意;照顾;提防;谨慎;处理,对付;负责take office就职take off脱去,除去;离开;起飞take one' s temperature量体温take part in参与,参加take it easy别着急,慢慢来take place= happen发生,举行take the place of代替take pride in以~~为荣,对~~骄傲take sb. by the arm拉某人的胳膊11.以turn为中心的词组give a new turn to对...以新的看法take turns轮流做某事out of turn不按次序的,不合适宜的take one' s turn to do轮到做turn a blind eye to对~~视而不见turn against背叛,采取敌对态度turn back折回,往回走turn down折叠,翻下,驳回,拒绝考虑turn into走进;变成,变为turn to ~for help求助于turn off关上(自来水,电器开关);解雇,辞退;避开(问题);制造;生产turn on打开(自来水,电器开关);turn one' s attention to把注意力转向turn out培养;证明是;制成;实际情况是turn out to be原来是,证明是,结果是turn over a new leaf翻开新的一页,重新开始turn upside down颠倒过来,翻过来;使陷入混乱。
九年级上册英语固定搭配
向上英语—九上固定搭配九年级上册固定搭配1.wonders of the world 世界奇观2.natural wonders 自然奇观3.man-made wonders 人造奇观4.an ancient wonder 古代奇观5.a modern wonder 现在奇观6.agree with 同意…7.most of 大多数8.on the eastern coast 在东海岸9.1,700 metres wide 1700米宽10.a few kilometres away 几公里以外11.i n one’s opinion 某人认为12.m ore than 多于13.m illions of 数百万的14.g et out of the car 走出汽车15.i n five minutes 五分钟之内16.l ook over 从…上面看过去/审视17.l ook down 低头看18.o n top of 在…上面19.a t the bottom of 在…底部20.a sk oneself 问自己21.p ublic holidays 公共假期22.g o somewhere 去某个地方23.N ation Day 国庆节24.a three-day holiday 三天假期25.t he end of …的末尾26.h ave one day off 放一天的假27.a ll kinds of 所有种类的，各种各样的28.t ake a vacation 度假29.a t sometime 在某个时间30.h ave great fun 很开心31.m ake short speeches 做简短发言32.g ive thanks for 为…而感谢33.i n the seventeenth century 在17世纪34.w orse than 比…更糟糕35.g row corn 种玉米36.t he most crowded 最拥挤的37.l ay the table 摆放桌子38.p lenty of 足够的39.T hanksgiving Day 感恩节40.e njoy oneself 玩得开心41.t ell sb. about 告诉某人关于...42.t rain hard 刻苦训练43.w in world competitions 赢得世界比赛44.a ttend university abroad 出国上大学45.s even years later 七年以后46.c omplete the degree 完成学位47.g ive up 放弃48.a nyone else 任何别的人49.a strong will 坚强的意志50.a s well as 也，和…一样51.m ake … a victory 使得…成功52.a true hero 一个真英雄53.o n one’s own 独自，自己54.t he wounded soldiers 受伤的士兵55.d evelop new ways 发现新方法56.t ake care of 照顾57.m edical tools 医疗器械58.s ave lives 挽救生命59.t raining courses 培训课程60.t reat the sick 治疗病人61.m anage to do sth. 设法成功做某事62.d uring an operation 在一个手术期间63.d ie of 死于64.t rain number 火车班次65.t wo weeks of school 两周的学校生活66.b e careful with 当心67.b e about to do sth. 即将做某事68.h ave a good trip 旅途快乐69.a couple of weeks 几周70.t urn off 关掉71.b e on business 出差72.h and in 上交73.a ll day long 整天74.c ook rice 烧饭75.f eel lonely 感到孤独76.t idy up 打扫77.o perate on sb. 给某人动手术78.c ross that rope 越过那根绳子79.A nimal Room 动物展厅80.a gainst the rules 破坏规则81.i n trouble 陷入麻烦82.n o entry 禁止入内83.n o wonder 怪不得84.g o downstairs 下楼85.i n most museums 在大多数博物馆86.p hysics experiments 物理实验87.f ill…with…用…装满…88.c ompare…with……与…比较89.l earn about 得知，获悉90.c reate energy 创造能量91.g et into the habit of 养成…的习惯92.t hat’s a shame 真遗憾93.a ll ages 所有年龄段94.i n the whole world 在整个世界95.a fter dinner 饭后96.f ail one’s exams 考试不及格97.p lay musical instruments 玩乐器98.i nstead of 代替99.t he last word 最后的话100.tell the truth 说出实情e round 拜访102.go wrong 出故障103.no longer 不再104.be angry with sb. 对某人生气105.be angry at sth. 对某事生气106. a computer engineer 一位电脑工程师107.pocket money 零用钱108.great writers 伟大的作家109.more … than…与其说…不如说…110.write a review 写评论111.make sense 有意义112.as well-known as 与…一样著名113.get into trouble 陷入困境114.run away 逃跑115.escape from 逃离116.treasure box 宝盒117.start one’s adventures 开始某人的历险118.feel sorry 感到遗憾e back home 回家120.in the church 在教堂121.describe people’s lives 描述人们的生活122.pay for 为…付出代价123.sports life 体育生涯124.stand for 代表125. a difficult match 一场艰难的比赛126. a bad decision 一个坏的决定127.no excuse 不是借口128.by 11:30 在十一点半前129.no way 不可能130.play against 对抗131.face the truth 面对事实132.throw the ball 扔球133.be mad at 对…生气134.try harder 更努力尝试135.nice work 干得好136.the high jump 跳高137.set up 设立138.be compared with 与…相比较139.at the same time 同时140.gold medal 金牌141.an Asian country 一个亚洲国家142.suffer from 遭受…143.return to 返回144.take pride in 为…感到骄傲145.have an influence on sb. 对某人有影响146.be set in 以…为背景147.great inventions 伟大的发明148.think of 想起149.put up 张贴，公告150.get information from 从…获取信息151.thousands of 上千上万的152. a memory card 一张存储卡153.lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人154.lend sb. sth. 借某人某物155.on one’s way to 在某人去…的路上156.look through 浏览157.be created 被创造158.at a time 一次159.by hand 用手160.as a result 结果pare…to…把…比作…162.read online 在线阅读163.be replaced by 被…取代164.wait and see 拭目以待165.English-speaking country 说英语的国家166.in the southern part of 在…的南部167.here we go 我们试试168.in central Australia 在澳大利亚中部169.according to 根据170. a sailing boat 一艘帆船171.keep sb./sth. away 避开某人/某物172.cut the wool off the sheep 剪羊毛173.keep a diary 写日记174.brush…off 把…刷掉175.be surprised at 对…吃惊176. 3.6 kilometres long 三千六百米长177.different periods of the day 一天不同的时段178.dark blue 深蓝179.have a close relationship with 与…关系密切180.in the sun 在太阳下181.far behind 远远落后182. a wonderful trip 一次精彩的旅行183.win the competition 赢得比赛184.at the school dance 在学校舞会185.the general standard 总体水准186.solve the difficulties 解决困难187.take photos of 摄影188.be in with a chance 有机会189.be pleased with 对…感到高兴190.even though 虽然，即使191.give prizes 发奖192.on a windy evening 在一个刮风的夜晚193.protect…against…保护…免受…194.congratulations to sb.(on sth.)（因某事祝贺某人195.thanks to 由于，幸亏196.enter the competition 参加比赛197.present the prizes to 颁奖给…198.save our world 拯救我们的世界199.cause pollution 造成污染200.collect waste 收集废品201.in poor areas 在贫困地区202.save energy 节约能源203.less waste 更少的浪费204.do with 对付，处理205.divide…into 把…分成…206.throw away 扔掉207.be harmful to 对…有害208.save money 节约钱209.as long as possible 尽可能长时间210.paper cup 纸杯211.change…into 把…变为…212.something else 别的事物213.hope for 希望214.rapid change 立竿见影的变化215.take steps 采取措施216.generally speaking 总的来讲，一般来说。
人教版九年级全册Unit5固定搭配
Unit5What are the shirts made of?【短语归纳】1.be made of由……制造（看得出原材料）be made from由……制造（看不出原材料）be made by sb由……制造be made in sp(地点）在……制造2.be famous for以……而著名be famous as作为……而著名3.be known for以……闻名be knownas作为……闻名4.Both...and两者都（肯定）Neither...nor两者都不（否定）（就近原则）Either..or或者..或者（2选一）（就近原则）5.be produced in在……生产6.it seems that+句子似乎，好像7.as far as I know据我所知8.another+单数另一Another+数字+复数名词=数字+more+复数名词比如：another two apples=two more apples9.no matter what/how/when/where无论什么/无论怎样/无论何时/无论何地10.avoid doing sth避免做某事11.everyday things日用品12.find it+形容词发现..怎么样Find that+句子13one’s own某人自己的14try to do sth努力做某事15try doing sth尝试做某事16according to根据...17be covered with用...覆盖18a symbol of...的象征19allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事Allow doing sth允许做某事Be allowed to do sth被允许做某事20it takes sb+时间to do sth做某事花了某人...时间。
新目标九年级英语固定搭配总结
新目标九年级英语固定搭配总结1.喜欢干某事 enjoy doing2.完成 finish doing3.停止 stop doing4.介意干某事 mind doing5.忍受 stand doing6.练习 practice doing7.坚持 keep8.花费时间干某事 spend…doing9.建议 suggest10.放弃 give up doing11.结束 end up doing12.开始干某事 start doing13.干某事很开心 have fun doing14.干某事很困难 have trouble doing(experience)15.想要干某事 feel like doing16.期待/期盼干某事 look forward to doing17.习惯于干某事 get/be used to doing18.熬夜干某事 stay up doing19.忍不住干某事 can’t help doing / can’t stop doing20.干某事怎么样？What about doing / How about doing21. 继续干某事 continue doing22.忙于干某事 be busy doing23.浪费时间干某事 waste time doing24.成功的干某事 succeed in doing25.反对干某事 be against doing26.推迟干某事 put off doing27.考虑干某事consider doing28.禁止停车!/禁止抽烟!/禁止游泳! No parking!/No smoking!/No swimming!1。
九年级上册仁爱版英语固定搭配
九年级上册仁爱版英语固定搭配1. 随着经济的繁荣with the booming of the economy2. 随着人民生活水平的显著提高with the remarkable improvement of people's living standard3. 先进的科学技术advanced science and technology4. 为我们日常生活增添了情趣add much spice / flavor to our daily life5. 人们普遍认为It is commonly believed that…6. 我同意前者(后者)观点I give my vote to the former / latter opinion.7. 引起了广泛的公众关注Sth. has aroused wide public concern. / Sth has drawn great public attention.8. 不可否认It is undeniable that…9. 热烈的讨论/ 争论a heated discussion / debate10. 有争议性的问题a controversial issue11. 就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally,12. 有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons13. 双方的论点argument on both sides14. 发挥日益重要作用play an increasingly important role in…15. 对…必不可少be indispensable to …16. 正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:17. 对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive / negative effects on…18. 利远远大于弊The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.19. 导致，引起lead to / give rise to / contribute to / result in20. 复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon21. 责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility / achievement22. 竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation23. 开阔眼界widen one's horizon / broaden one's vision24. 学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills25. 经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden26. 考虑到诸多因素take many factors into consideration27. 从另一个角度from another perspective28. 做出共同努力make joint efforts29. 对…有益be beneficial to / be conducive to…30. 为社会做贡献make contributions to the society31. 打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for…32. 综合素质comprehensive quality33. 致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…34. 应当承认Admittedly,35. 不可推卸的义务unshakable duty36. 满足需求satisfy / meet the needs of...37. 可靠的信息源a reliable source of information38. 宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources39. 因特网the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)40. 方便快捷convenient and efficient41. 在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life42. 环保的材料environmentally friendly materials43. 社会进步的体现a symbol of society progress44. 大大方便了人们的生活Sth has greatly facilitated people's lives.45. 对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue46. 在一定程度上to some extent47. 理论和实践相结合integrate theory with practice48. …必然趋势an irresistible trend of…49. 日益激烈的社会竞争the increasingly keen social competition50. 眼前利益immediate interest/ short-term interest51. 长远利益long-tem interest52. …有其自身的优缺点…has its own merits and demerits / pros and cons53. 对…有害do harm to / be harmful to / be detrimental to54. 交流思想/ 情感/ 信息exchange ideas / emotions / information55. 跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / keep abreast with the latest development of…56. …的健康发展the healthy development of…57. 重视attach great importance to…58. 社会地位social status59. 把时间和精力放在…上focus one's time and energy on…60. 扩大知识面expand one's scope of knowledge61. 身心两方面both physically and mentally62. 有直接/间接关系be directly / indirectly related to…63. 导致很多问题give rise to / lead to / spell various problems64. 可以替代think 的词believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief / view that65. 缓解压力/ 减轻负担relieve stress / burden66. 优先考虑/发展…give (top) priority to sth.67. 与…比较compared with…/ in comparison with68. 可降解的/可分解的材料degradable / decomposable material69. 代替replace / substitute / take the place of70. 提供就业机会offer job opportunities71. 反映了社会进步的mirror the social progress/advance72. 增进相互了解enhance / promote mutual understanding73. 充分利用make full use of / take advantage of74. 承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure75. 保障社会稳定和繁荣guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society76. 更多地强调put more emphasis on…77. 适应社会发展adapt oneself to the social development78. 实现梦想realize one's dream79. 主要理由列举如下The main / leading reasons are listed as follows:80. 我们还有很长的路要走We still have a long way to go.。
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Unit 1
1. ask sb. about sth.
2. on one’s own= by oneself
3. what/how about doing
4. finish doing sth
5.be patient with sb.
6.it +be+adj+for sb.+ to do sth.
7. the secret to sth 8. get sth right
9. be afraid to do sth=be afraid of doing sth.
10. make mistakes in sth/doing sth. 11.sth called/ named
12. by doing sth. 13.too many / too much
14. too …. to /so …that15. a way to do sth
16.like …better than…= prefer s th to sth.
17. keep (sb) doing sth 18. watch/ see/hear sb doing sth 19. practice doing sth 20. not only … but also
21. have fun doing sth. 22. learn to do sth
23. tell sb to do sth 24. something/ anything + adj 25. join a club/Army 26. attend a meeting
27. end up doing sth 28. make sth better =improve 29. take part in games/discussion/celebration
Unit 2
1. play a trick on sb.
2. lie-lied –lied (说谎)
3. take pride in doing sth.
4. lie – lay- lain (躺着，摆放)
5. admire sb. for sth/doing sth.
6. warn sb to do sth
7. it’s (not ) a dj enough to do sth. 8. make sb do sth
9. one…., the other…10. some…, others….
11.one of ….., the others. 12. spoken/written English 13. be pleased to do sth 14. the second turning
15. what a/an +adj +n +人称代词+ be!
16. how +adj. + n/代词+ be！
17. what + adj +n + 人称代词+be!
18. how + adv. + n/代词+ 实意动词！
Unit 3
1. need to do sth.
2. want to do sth.
3. be glad to do sth
4. rush to do sth
5. give up doing sth.
6. suggest doing sth.
7. why not do sth =why don’t you do sth. 8. ask sb. to do sth 9. one of the + adj最+ n 复10. thanks for doing
11. spend time doing sth 12. be interested in doing sth.
13. be sorry to do sth 14. be pleased to do sth 15. be good at doing sth 16. look forward to doing sth 17. be excited to do sth. 18. promise to do sth
19. would like to do sth. 20. make/get sb +adj
21. make a phone call 22. so/as +adj+as
Unit 4
1. used to do sth
2. be used to do = be used for doing
3. be/get used to doing sth
4. take up doing sth
5. prepare to do sth
6. require sb. to do sth
7. give up doing sth 8. be worried about
9. decide to do= make a decision 10. advise sb. to do sth 11. such a/an + adj + n 12. be friendly to sb.
13. start to do sth 14. find it + adj+ to do sth 15. forget to do sth 16. be proud of =take pride in 17. be different from 18. have great influence on sb./s
19. mind (sb) doing sth.
20. as adj/adv as possible= as…as sb. can.
21 . not any more =no more=no longer=not any longer
Unit 5
1. be known for/ be famous for
2. stop sb. from doing sth.
3. do some shopping/washing/reading
4. from….to…
5. be covered with
6. avoid doing sth.
7. there be sb. doing sth 8. learn to do sth.
9. no matter what/who/where=whatever/whoever/wherever
10. a symbol of sth 11. it seems that = sb seems /seemed to do 12. it takes … to do sth.13. get better at doing sth 14. allow sb to do / be allowed to do sth. 15. go on to do sth 16. go on doing sth 17. learn about = know about
18. give my love to = give my regards to = remember me to
19. go on a vacation to sp.。