动词和动词短语
常见的动词短语及例句
常见的动词短语及例句一、动词be构成的短语动词1、be known as/be famous as作为...而闻名be known for因..而出名be known to为...所知be known by凭..而知eg: The hill is known for the temple.Lu Xun is known to us as a writer.One can be known by his words and deeds. 2、be married t与....结女昏She is married to a musician.3、be tired of/with对....厌烦He is tired of/with this kind of life.=He is bored with this kind of life.He is terrified at the snake.5、be burdened with负重He is burdened with a heavy load.6、be crowed with挤满The shop is crowed with people.7、be dressed in衣着She is dressed in red.8、be experienced in对...有经历He is experienced in mending bikes.9、be equipped with装备They are equipped with guns and foods.10、be furnished with提供，布置They are furnished with enough food.11、be engaged in sth.从事，忙于=be busy with sth.He has been engaged in writing novels.12、be engaged to与..订亲My daughter is engaged to a nice doctor.13、be about to do sth.正要做....I was just about to go swimming when our guide saw meand stop me.14、be fit to do/be fit for胜任，适合于He is fit to do this work.15、be worth doing值得做...The film is worth seeing again16、be proud of以...为自满I am proud of being a Chinese.仃、be used to sth・/ doing sth.习气于.My grandpa is not used to living in the noisy city.18、be content with对感到满意You should be content with what you are.19、be content to do sth ./with甘愿于..，满足于...I am content with your work this time.20、be up to应由...，轮至U ..It is up to her to answer the question.21、be meant/intended for计划给，计划用作Is this valuable painting meant for me?He was also connected with the government.Many young people are crazy about music.二、动词break构成的短语1、break out爆发The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 、break in打断，突入Two robbers broke in and robbed the bank of a lotof mone y.3、break into闯入，破门而入They broke into the bedroom and found the manlying on the floor.18、be content with对感到满意4、break away from脱离Lincoln said it was not fight for the south to breakaway from the union.5、break down（机器、车辆）坏了；失败了；摧毁；分解We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke dow n.6、break through打破The marchers broke through the line of the police.7、break off折断；停止；间断中止Let us break off for half an hour and have sometea.8、break up驱散；拆散The police broke up the crowd.3、动词carry构成的短语动词1、carry on进行He had learned enough English to carry on aconversatio n.2、carry out履行；举行They were carrying out an important experiment.18、be content with对感触惬意3、carry away拿走Please carry these desks away.4、carry off夺走；拿走Some unknown man carried off the prize.四、动词call构成的短语动词1、call on拜访某人；号召We will call on Mr. Li tomorrow.We are called on to help those in trouble.2、call at访问某地I called at your office yesterday, but you were notin.3、call for需要；要求；邀约人；取某物Success called for hard work.call for a doctor去请医生4、call in请来；收回Mother is badly ill, so call in a doctor at once.5、call up打电话；征召；回想起I called Tom up and told him the news.18、be content with对感到满意In most countriesmen are called up at the age of18.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of amountain, the visit to the village called up scenes ofmy childhood.五、动词catch, hold构成的短语动词1、catch/take/get hold of sth.抓住某物Catch/Get/Take hold of the rope, and I will pull youup.2、catch up with遇上Work hard and I am sure you are able to catch upwith others in class.3、catch fire着火；烧着Last night a big building caught fire.4、catch sight of发现；看到When the mice caught sight of the cat, the micerun away as quickly as possible.5、hold up举起；阻滞（交通）；耽搁He held up one of his fingers and showed it to the18、be content with对感到满意class.In the rush hour the traffic is hold up.6、hold back阻止；控制We must hold them back from fighting.7、hold out保持；拿出We must hold out until helps comes.六、动词come构成的动词短语come into being（事物、局面）产生；形成The custom came into being long long ago.2、come along过来；快点Come along! It is nearly 8.3、come out出来；出版How did the printing come out?4、come true实现I am sure your dream will come true one day.5、come back to life复苏过来When the wounded soldier came back to life, hefound himself in hospital.18、be content with对感到满意6、come to the point说到要点；触及问题实质7、come about发生；造成The event came about as he had predicted it.8、come across 偶然碰见;遇见=run acrossYou are the most beautiful woman I have evercome across.9、come to an end结束You duties here have come to an end.10、come to light为人所知；显露The robbery did not come to light until the nextday.11、come up with提出；想出He came up with a new suggestio n.7、动词do构成的短语动词1、do well in在某方面做得好My cousin is a sailor and he is doing very well inthe nav y.2、do good to对...有优点18、be content with对感到满意Doing morning exercises will do good to yourhealth.3、do harm to对...有坏处Too much noise does harm to our health.4、do with处理What did you do with our goods?5、do sb. a favour帮或人的忙Will you de me a favour to carry it upstairs?6、do up系纽扣；梳理Look, your bottom is not done up.8、动词get构成的动词短语1、get in touch with同...获得接洽2、get up起床He gets up very early everyda y.3、get back回来；取回I will get back next weekend.4、get on上车You should not get on the bus until it has stoppedcompletely.18、be content with对感到满意5、get over克制；渡过You will soon get over these difficulties.6、get off下车The bus stopped and the passengers got off.7、get together相聚We should go to a restaurant to get together.8、get on/along well with与...相处融洽I am getting on well with my classmates.9、get into进入；堕入Do not get into the habit of smoking.10、get into trouble陷入麻烦11、get in a word插话12、get rid of除掉We are doing our best to get rid of pollutio n.13、get through 经由过程；接通；完成；履历I tried to phone you but I could not get through.14、get to抵达He had to get to the other side of street to attenda meeting.18、be content with对感到满意15、get about/around/round传开；传进来The news of the disaster soon get about.16、get across使了解The teacher tried to explain the problem, but theexplanation did not get across to the class.仃、getaway离开I was in a meeting and could not get awa y.18、get down to (doing) sth.安心做；开始认真于You must get down to your studies this year.9、动词give构成的短语1、give up摒弃I persuaded him to give up the foolish pla n.2、give in屈从；投诚He would not give in to the enem y.3、give out用完；耗尽Our food and water will give out soon.4、get out of从...出来；解脱He got out of debt.5、give away分发；保守；捐赠18、be content with对感到满意He gave away most of his fortune to the poor work.6、give off放出This engine gives off lots of smoke and stea m.7、give back 清偿；规复Living here has given me back my health.10、动词go构成的短语动词1、go ahead继续；干吧He went ahead with the work and got it done.2、go by（时间）过去；经过（地点）Do not let the good chance go by.3、go out灯、火）燃烧When they arrived, the fire had gone out.4、go on（doing）sth.继续做某事Please go on with your work.5、go on to do sth.接着做另外的事He went on to watch TV after he had finished hishomework.6、go over检查；复习18、be content with对感到满意When I came into the classroom,our teacher isgoing over our homework.7、go through完成；通过；经过，仔细检查During the night the computers go through theinformatio n.8、go all about不遗余力They went all out to build the dam.9、go about开始着手；到处走动；传开How does one go about getting the information?10、go against违背They are going against our wishes.11、go back回家；追溯This festival goes back to Roman times.12、go for使用于；使用于The medicine went for nothing.13、go in加入；快乐喜爱She went in for a singing competitio n.14、go with相配I want some shoes to go with these trousers.15、go without 不吃；不喝；不用The poor boy often has to go without supper.18、be content with对感触惬意16、go beyond超过That is going beyond a joke.仃、go up上升；上涨The goods have gone up in quality18、go down下降；下沉；下降The moon has gone dow n.十1、动词have构成的短语动词1、have a word with sb.和或人有句话说Could you spare a few minutes? I want to have aword with you.2、have words with争吵They have had words with her about mone y.3、have (deep) effect on对..有(深远)影响The book has great effects on his life.4、have difficulty in/find difficulty in/have trouble in做……有困难We have difficulty in writing the compositio n.18、be content with对感到满意十二、动词knock构成的短语动词1、knock at拍门；敲窗You should knock at the door before coming in.2、knock down撞倒They make sure the cows not knock the youngtrees down or eat the leaves.3、knock off撞掉下来A child ran into the street and knocked thewoman off her bicycle.4、knock about连续打击/碰撞；漂泊；闲逛He has knocked about all over Asia.十3、动词keep构成的动词短语1、keep on doing sth.继续或重复做某事Tom kept on doing studying English and using itwhen he lived in Londo n.2、keep up坚持Keep up your courage and your will succeed.3、keep up with 跟上18、be content with对感触惬意She can'keep up with others.4、keep back保存；禁止；坦白；回绝She was in deep sorrow, but she kept backher tears.5、keep away from阔别Keep children away from fire.6、keep out of使...不进入In the ancient time, the Great Wall was built inorder to keep enemy out of country.7、keep ones word遵守诺言I am sure your will keep your word.8、keep in touch with与.保持接洽We kept in touch with each other by writing letters.9、keep silent保持沉默He kept silent about the matter.做某事18、be content with对感触惬意Please keep off the grass.十4、动词look构成的动词短语1、look up抬头；查阅You may look up new word in a dictionary.2、look out谨慎Look out! The pan is on fire.3、look into查询访问We will further look into the matter.4、look forward to渴望We look forward to knowing the results of theexam.5、look through细致看；欣赏You have to look through the papers before youhand the m.6、look up to尊敬Young children look up to old people.7、look down upon瞧不起The days are gone when women were lookeddown upo n.18、be content with对感触惬意8、look like看起来You look like your father.9、look on as (=treat/consider/take/think ofas)把...看作He looks on the computer as his friend.10、look after照顾When I was ill, my mother looked after me.11、look for寻找What are you looking for?十5、动词make构成的短语动词1、make a dive for向...猛冲The dog made a dive for the bone.2、make an apology to向...道歉He made an apology to her.3、be made up of组成Two thirds of the earth'surface is made up ofvast ocea n.18、be content with对感到满意4、made up组成；化妆；打扮；补充；弥补；编造Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up theUnited Kingdom.The whole story is made up.5、make room for给...腾中央Would you like to make room for the old lady?6、make up ones mind下决计I have made up my mind to work harder thanbefore.7、make up for补偿We must make up for the time wasted before.8、make use of 利用We should make full use of the books in thelibrary.9、make one'way排除困难前进After the film ended we made our way out ofcinema.10、make progress进步18、be content with对感触惬意With the teacher'help, I have made muchprogress.11、make repairs修理They are making repairs in that building.12、make a living营生He began to make a living by himself when hewas ten.13、make for走向；前去They set off by car and made the nearest tow n.14、make the best of尽可能使用Mother didn'enjoy his job, but she made the bestof it.15、make out认出；了解We made out a figure in the darkness.16、make it成功After hard-working, we made it at last.17、make a promise许誉Father made a promise to buy me a new computer.18、be content with对感触惬意十六、动词put构成的短语动词1、put away放好；收起来Put the books away after reading.2、put down记下；平息Put down the gentlemans address.3、put out扑灭；出版It took the fire-fighters four hours to put out the fire.4、put up 举起；建造；张贴；公布；投宿Many new buildings have been put up in our cit y.5、put up with忍耐He is prepared to put up with it for the time being.6、put on 穿上；演出；增长We will put on the new play next month.7、put off延期；拖延The sports meet will be put off because of the badweather.8、put through完成；（打电话）把..接通Can you put me through to this numbe?9、put forward提出建议；拨快（钟等）The doctor put forward a good suggestio n.18、be content with对感到满意十七、动词take构成的短语动词1、take up占据（时间，空间）；从事We don'tallow taking books out of the reading roo m.3、take sides站在...一边4、take place发生The strike took place just before liberatio n.5、take the place of替代Now cotton can be taken the place of by many othermaterials.6、take onesplace就座；代替某人职位They took their places before the meeting bega n.7、take it easy别着急Take it easy and you are not badly ill.8、take off脱掉；腾飞；胜利The plane takes off at 8.9、take part in参加Martin Luther king took a leading part in the greatmarch.18、be content with对感到满意The child was taken away from school.12、take in欺骗；摄取The pretty girl took in my feeling.You'd better take in some fruit.13、take on雇佣；承受（事情）；呈现（品格、面目）You have taken on too much.14、take over接管He is taking over my job whilel m on holiday.十八、动词turn构成的动词短语1、turn up出现；开大（音量）；到达；发生He didn't turn up until two o'clock yesterday afternoon.2、turn against背叛She will never turn against her country.3、turn on旋开（电灯等）Turn on TV please.18、be content with对感到满意4、turn off打开（电灯等）Please turn off the light before you leave.5、turn down开小（音量）Would you mind turning down the radio?6、turn over翻转It is spring now, and peasants are turning over thefield.7、turn in交出；交Jane turned in the wallet found at the school gate.8、turn to 找或人追求匡助；翻到；转向They always turn to me when they are in trouble.9、turn into 变成It turned into a nice day.10、turn out结果是；证明；生产Do you think the crops will turn out well this year? Theday turns out fine.十9、动词help, hand, lead, die构成的短语动词1、help sb. with sth.匡助或人做某事18、be content with对感触惬意I often help my mother with house work.2、help oneself to sth.尽管请便；随便吃As you like fish, help yourself to it.3、hand in交上来You have to hand in your compositions beforeweekend.4、hand out分发Would you like to help me hand out the books to yourclassmates?5、lead to sth.导致Hard work can lead to success.Einstein leads a simple life in America.7、die of死于...（内因）die from死于...（外因）The old man died of old age.Many old people die from air pollution in winter.8、die out 灭绝This kind of bird is dying out.18、be content with对感到满意二10、动词tell, talk, speak, hear, ask, answer构成的短语动词1、talk to/with sb.和某人谈话The woman I talked to just now is in charge of theoffice.2、speak of/speak about大胆讲话；大声说出来He dared to speak about his opinion at the meeting.3、hear of听说I don'know him, but I have heard of him.4、hear from接到或人的手札I haven'heard from him for nearly a year.5、ask for要求，请求He often asks his parents for money6、ask sb. to do sth.要或人做找事ask sb. for sth.向或人要某物7、answer for对...负责You will have to answer for your behavior one day.18、be content with对感到满意2、动词set, send构成的短语动词1、send for派人去请The police were sent for as soon as the accident tookplace.2、send out发出（光明）The sun sends out light and heat.3、send up发射A number of man-made satellites have been sent upinto space in the past few years.4、send off派出；寄出；给...送行Many of his friends sent him off at airport.5、send in寄送某处举行处置惩罚He sent in 3 drawings for the competitio n.6、set about doing sth.=set to do sth. =set out to dosth.开始……；着手……We'l set about doing this next month.7、set out/off出发；开始We set out to work at five in the early morning and18、be content with对感触惬意hoped to finish it before dark.8、set up建立；建立；设立Many new buildings have been set up in this area inthe past ten years.9、set sb. free释放In the end all slaves were set free.His courage set an example to us.二十2、动词show, agree, point, pay构成的短语动词1、show sb. in领或人进来The man in charge of the shop came up to show us in.2、show sb. out领或人进来Please show the lady out.3、show sb. around领某人参观We were showed around the new factory by the chief18、be content with对感触惬意engineer.4、point out指出If I have done anything wrong, please point it out.5、point at 指指点点In part of Asia you must not sit with feet pointing atanther people.6、agree to do sth.赞成做某事He agreed to help me with my English.7、agree with同意某人的意见；适合于He agreed with me at last.The climate here does'agree with me.8、agree on意见一致The building of a new factory was agreed on lastmonth.9、pay for付钱I paid 100yuan for that shirt.10、pay off还清债权It took the couple ten years of hard work to pay off the18、be content with对感到满意debts.11、pay back把钱还给或人I can lend the money to you on condition that youmust pay it back in two days.二十三、动词try, wait构成的短语动词1、try on试穿He is trying on a new suit.2、try out试用Any TV set must be tried out before it leaves thefactory.3、try one'best to do极力去做..We all try our best to help others.4、wait for等待Hurry up! They must be waiting for us.5、wait on服侍；伺候Mrs. Smith waited on her husband from morning tonight.二十四、其他短语动词18、be content with对感触惬意1、connect with把.联结起来2、deal with处理；对付；论述；和...做生意I don'know how to deal with the proble m.3、depend on依赖I am your friend. You can depend on me to help me.4、divide into把...分成The train had divided into two parts in the stationwhere it had stopped.5、persuade sb. to do sth说服某人做某事I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but I failed.6、drive off把车开走The traffic is held up, so I cantdrive off.7、drop in（on sb・/at a place）顺便拜访He usually drops in at my place on his way home.8、refer to 谈到；参只照When I said some people are stupid, I was'referring toyou.9、spend on sth ./in doing sth在..花（钱、时间）She spent lots of money on clothes.18、be content with对感触惬意10、stick to sth. /doing sth.保持Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with hisresearch.11、stick with和..在一起，保持联系He stuck with firm for 20 years.12、wear out（使）筋疲力尽I was worn out from the long walk.13、work out算出；计算出The math problem is difficult for me to work out.14、struggle against与..做斗争We are struggling against pollutio n.15、quarrel with sb. about sth.为...争吵She often quarrels with her husband abouthousework.16、devote .... to sth. /sb.献身于；致力于After he graduated from university, he devotedhimself to the teaching work in the countryside.仃、used to do sth.曩昔经常There used to be a brook in front of my house when I18、be content with对感到满意。
动词及动词短语(88张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
进入。故选C。
（ A ）2. — Would you please ______ your email address? I missed it just now. — No problem. It's fox@163com. A. repeat B. review C. record 【解析】 考查动词辨析。句意：——你可以再重复一下你的电子邮箱吗？我刚刚忘记了。——没问题 。是fox@163com。repeat重复；review复习；record记录。故选A。
动词的基本形式 1. 动词原形 2. 一般现在时的第三人称单数的变化规则
一般情况下直接加-s
read — reads write — writes
run — runs
以 ch, sh, s, x 或 o 结尾的词 加-es
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的 词变 y 为 i 再加-es, 但以 “元音字母＋y”结尾的词 则直接加-s
The film has been on for
不 能 和 表 示 一 finish, arrive,
动词
ten minutes. 电 影 开 始 十
段 时 间 的 状 语 join,
go,
分钟了。(这里不能用 has
连用
come, catch
begun)
2.助动词 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓 语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外，还可以用来构成否定句、疑问句或强调句等句型。具体用法 见下表。
lie — lying tie — tying
初中阶段常见的需要双写最后一个辅音字母变动词ing形式的动词有： shop, stop, drop, run, get, sit, dig, put, begin, swim, chat, prefer等。 【闪记】 现在分词构成歌诀
初中英语动词及动词短语考点
初中英语动词及动词考点1动词的基本框架动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词：及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly.我们叫这只鸟Polly。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。
注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。
2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。
Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物动词)We study hard.我们努力学习。
(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
①动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。
此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。
②动词+副词+介词Let’s go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
英语中所有动词短语和短语动词 Microsoft Word 文档
在英语中，有动词和小品词（up, down, in, out, on, off, over, away）构成的动词短语很多，有时很难猜出它们的意义，笔者收集了常见的动词短语, 通过分析小品词的意义，对这一类的短语进行分类，找出它们的规律，以便更好地掌握它们, 注意有些短语意义很接近, 这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法。
1. up1) 向上（toward or into a higher position）lift ~ 举起climb ~ 爬上come ~ 上升get ~ 起来stand ~ 站起来pick ~ 检起draw ~ 升起grow ~ 长大hand ~ 拖起put ~ 举起send ~ 使上升rise ~ 升起look ~ 抬起头zip ~ 拉上hold ~ 举起pile ~ 堆起dig ~挖出take ~ 拿起build ~ 树立set ~ 建立2) 完成，结束(expressing completeness and finality)finish ~ 完成drink ~ 喝干eat ~ 吃光burn ~ 烧光wash ~ 洗净use ~ 用光fill ~ 装满pay ~ 付清settle ~ 解决lick ~ 甜净sum ~ 总结，open ~ 透露end ~ 结束let ~ 中止, 减少draw ~ 停止close ~ 停止，关闭swallow ~ 吞没beat ~ 痛打 cover ~ 掩盖break ~ 结束，分解wind ~ 结束3) 离开，消灭(expressing separation and destroy)break ~ 拆开，驱散cut ~ 切碎split ~ 分裂divide ~ 分割smash ~ 捣毁blow ~ 炸毁wither ~ 枯死tear ~ 撕碎give ~ 放弃fold ~ 垮台dry ~ 枯竭，干涸crack ~ 撞坏 clutter ~ 使散乱litter ~ 乱丢杂物4) 增加，变强(to a state of greater activity, force, strength, power and degree.(1). mount ~ 增加pick ~ 振作，加快pluck ~ 振作turn ~ 开打，开大, 出现shake ~ 震惊steam ~ 使发怒stir ~ 激起，搅起ease ~ 放松warm ~ 兴奋speak ~ 大声说heat ~ 变热total ~ 加总tense ~ 紧张gather ~ 收集speed ~ 加速screw ~ 振作build ~ 增大show ~ 显现 cheer ~ 振作起来stir ~ 刺激work ~ 激动，刺激(2). 用在带"-en"后缀的动词后（used after the verbs with suffix of -en）brighten ~ 发亮fatten ~ 发胖freshen ~使新鲜harden ~变硬sharpen ~ 变快smarten ~ 变精明strengthen ~ 加强sweeten ~ 变甜tighten ~ 使紧密toughen ~ 使强壮soften ~ 变软5). 变好，改善( as to be better and proper)bring ~ 抚育check ~ 核对clear ~ 清理，晴天clean ~ 整理do ~ 整理patch ~ 修理polish ~ 擦亮, 改进light ~ 点亮tune ~ 调整tidy ~ 整理rub ~ 擦亮train ~ 训练，培养make ~ 化装, 和解, 弥补buy ~ 囤积figure ~ 计算fix ~ 修理,整理take ~ 从事6) 关住，锁紧，固定住(firmly, tightly and closely)shut ~ 关闭lock ~ 锁住tie ~ 栓住 chain ~ 锁住nail ~ 钉住fasten ~ 系住pin ~ 钉住bind ~ 装订bar ~ 关住block ~ 堵塞choke ~ 堵塞save ~ 存起来store ~ 贮藏stock ~ 储存cover ~ 掩盖wrap ~ 包住lay ~ 储存hold ~ 延误keep ~ 坚持7) 向说话人的方向（to the place where the speaker is）go ~ run ~ rush ~ drive ~ walk ~ catch ~ swim ~ march ~ come ~2. down1) 向下的位置（to or into a lower position）cast ~ 扔下cut ~砍倒get ~ 下来hand ~ 传下来knock ~ 撞倒lay ~ 放下let ~ 放下pour ~ 倾盆而下pull ~ 拉下set ~ 放下sit ~ 坐下step ~ 走下来throw ~ 扔下turn ~ 拆下take ~ 取下blow ~ 吹倒bring ~ 打倒hang ~ 垂下sink ~ 沉落slip ~ 失足squat ~ 蹲下swallow ~ 吞下stoop ~ 伏身splash ~ 飞溅而下touch ~ 降落bend ~ 弯下bow ~ 鞠躬kneel ~ 跪下lie ~ 躺下strip ~ 脱下2) 减少（强度，量和体积）(a decrease in intensity, amount, bulk)dwindle ~ 减少die ~ 变弱，逐渐停止go ~ 平静下来mark ~ 削减hold ~ 压低burn ~ (火)减弱, 烧坏slow ~ 慢下来burn ~ 烧掉wash ~ 冲淡 clean ~ 弄干净rub ~ 擦干净bring ~ 降低keep ~ 缩减trim ~ 裁减water ~ 冲淡thin ~ 减少run ~ 用光衰弱wear ~ 削减，磨损come ~ 下跌knock ~ 降价3) 停止，减弱(to a state of less activity, force, strength and power)close ~ 关闭drop ~ 突然停止break ~ 坏了，中止run ~ 停止settle ~ 平静下来 cool ~ 冷静下来turn ~ 拒绝die ~ 停止lay ~ 失望put ~ 镇压4) 紧紧地，牢牢地(firmly, tightly) fasten ~ 系牢 chain ~ 链住，栓住clamp ~ 夹住nail ~ 钉住pin ~ 扣牢hammer ~ 钉上tie ~ 栓住bind ~ 捆绑draw ~ 停下来5) 写下，记下(on paper or in writing) write ~ 写下copy ~ 抄下note ~ 记下take ~ 记下put ~ 记下get ~ 记下have ~ 写下3 on1) 继续(continuously)carry ~ drive ~ fight ~ hold ~ keep ~ live ~ sleep ~ sing ~ walk ~ go ~ hurry ~ move ~ read ~ follow ~ struggle ~ insist ~ 坚持2) 连上，固定住，(in or into a state of being connected)act ~ 对…起作用catch ~ 抓牢 come ~ 跟随count ~ 依赖draw ~ 带上，穿上fasten ~ 纠缠，抓牢fit ~ 固定get ~ 接近paste ~ 粘住turn ~ 打开switch ~ 打开pin ~ 钉住put ~ 穿上try ~ 试穿pull ~ 穿上hang ~ 不挂断build ~ 建立于leave ~ 留住take ~ 穿下rely ~ 依靠depend ~ 依靠3) 向前，向上(forward, onward)add ~ 加上mark ~ 标上paint ~ 漆上press ~ 向前pass ~ 传递send ~ 转送stamp ~ 盖章于get ~ 上车hand ~ 传送4) 开始某活动(in or into an active operation)work ~ 从事fall ~ 攻击hit ~ 突然向起bring ~ 引起get ~ 取得进展look ~ 旁观, 观看call ~ 拜访figure ~ 打算,希望fix ~ 决心get ~ 进步, 友好相处pick ~ 批评plan ~ 打算decide ~ 决定reflect ~ 思考, 反思remark ~ 评论，议论settle ~ 决定spur ~ 鼓励urge ~ 督促4. off1) 离开(indicating departure)blow ~ 吹掉drive ~ 击退get ~ 下车，动身lift ~ 离开地面make ~ 逃走move ~ 离去pack ~ 打发走see ~ 送行ship ~ 运往start ~ 动身send ~ 送行，解雇call ~ 叫走let ~ 放出take ~ 起飞touch ~ 发射give ~ 发出clear ~ 走开carry ~ 夺走2) 去掉，断开(indicating removal or disconnection)cut ~ 切断tear ~ 扯掉take ~ 拿走 chip ~ 切下come ~ 脱落 cross ~ 除去drop ~ 跌落fall ~ 脱落flick ~ 弹掉peel ~ 剥掉pull ~ 撕开rub ~ 擦掉scrape ~ 挂去shave ~ 剃去wash ~ 洗掉shake ~ 抖落throw ~ 扔开rip ~ 扯开turn ~ 关掉strip ~ 脱去switch ~ 关掉take ~ 脱掉shut ~ 关掉wear ~磨损go ~ 爆炸break ~ 中断3) 完成，停止(indicating completion)finish ~ 结束pay ~ 付清break ~ 停止，中断send ~ 结束leave ~ 停止pass ~ 终止，停止sign ~ 停止播音wear ~ 消失，write ~ 注销，购销bring ~ 完成 call ~ 取消lay ~ 停止, 解雇4) 着地(down to the ground)fall ~ 落下ju mp ~ 跳下knock ~ 击倒slip ~ 滑倒5. in1) 进入，向里(into, inside, indoors)barge ~ 闯入beat ~ 打进break ~ 闯入,插嘴breathe ~ 吸入burst ~ 闯入，打断drop ~ 偶然拜访fall ~ 跌入get ~ 插入，收进knock ~ 打入lead ~ 导入let ~ 进入，嵌入move ~ 迁入step ~ 走进settle ~ 迁入smuggle ~ 偷偷运进cut ~ 插嘴call ~ 来访draw ~ （火车）进站intervene ~ 介入involve ~ 卷入2) 包围，关闭(to be surrounded, or enclosed)close ~ 包围，封闭lock ~ 禁闭shut ~ 关进wall ~ 围住3) 加入，记入(to be added, or included)book ~ 登记check ~ 签到 count ~ 记入fill ~ 填入hand ~ 交上take ~ 吸收send ~ 呈交6. out1) 向外（away from the inside, outside）keep ~ 使在外take ~ 拿出put ~ 放出，伸出come ~ 长出，bring ~拿出bar ~关在外breathe ~ 呼吸出eat ~ 出去吃get ~ 弄出go ~ 出去lay ~ 摆开，展示lock ~ 关在外面look ~ 向外看move ~ 搬出point ~指出pour ~ 诉说pull ~ 拉出ship ~ 运出stick ~伸出spit ~ 吐出beat ~ 敲出knock ~ 敲出dine ~ 外出吃饭drive ~ 驾车外出leak ~ 漏出draw ~ 拉出see ~ 送出门去draw ~ 出站let ~ 放出, 释放2) 结束，消失，取消(to or at an end, not to be there or not to exist)burn ~ 烧尽，烧断clear ~ 清除dust ~ 清除fade ~ 消失put ~ 扑灭run ~ 用完 use ~ 耗尽give ~ 耗尽comb ~ 淘汰kick ~ 逐出wipe ~ 消灭die ~ 灭绝rub ~ 擦掉blot ~ 除去blow ~ 吹熄bleach ~ 漂白carry ~ 完成，执行leave ~ 省去see ~ 完成go ~ 熄灭 come ~ 罢工，结果cut ~ 删去，停止hold ~ 坚持到底sell ~ 买完tire ~ 筋疲力尽wear ~ 磨损3) 大声（in a loud voice, aloud）sing ~ cry ~ shout ~ call ~ ，喊，申斥spell ~ speak ~ scream ~ read ~ yell ~ sob ~ burst ~ 咆哮4) 分发，传开(to a number of people or in all directions)give ~ 分发spread ~ 传开set ~ 出发hand ~ 分发share ~ 分配divide ~ 分配call ~ 出动start ~ 出发send ~ 发送break ~ 爆发，逃脱serve ~ 分发口粮drop ~ 离开,退出5) 搞清，弄明白(in or into notice and clearness)find ~ 找出figure ~ 算出，解决make ~ 弄清count ~ 点清come ~ 出版，出现catch ~ 看出 carry ~ 完成，bear ~ 证明bring ~ 发表，说出fill ~ 使完全, 添满write ~ 写出7. over1) 向下(downwards from an upright position)knock ~ 撞倒turn ~ 翻转fall ~ 脸朝下跌倒trip ~ 拌倒bend ~ 伏身look ~ 从…上面看2) 自始至终，通过, 重复(from beginning to end, through, again and again)look ~ 调查think ~ 考虑see ~ 查看run ~ 匆匆看talk ~ 商量call ~ 点名read ~ 读一遍go ~ 复习do ~ 重复glance ~ 浏览skip ~ 略过ponder ~ 思考3) 向上，向外，(indicating motion upwards or outwards)run ~ 溢出spill ~ 溢出boil ~ 因沸溢出throw ~ 呕吐所有短语动词look out （for）小心watch out （for）小心wear（sb）out 使疲劳；劳累leave out 省去；遗漏；忽略work out（well）很成功；结果是好的turn out 生产；证明是put out 扑灭；生产；出版；赶走take out 拿出pull out 拉出；掏出；拔出；抽出；取出；（车，船）驶出pick out 选出；领会；弄明白pay out 付出；得到报应make out 看清；理解；断定keep out 把…挡在外边hold out 伸出；支撑；提出hand out 分发；施舍go out （灯、火）熄灭；（年、月）结束；（衣着）过时；倒塌；罢工carry out （the plan / the policy）实施；执行break out 爆发give out 发出（气味、热）等；分发；耗尽；疲劳check out 结账离开call out 大声叫喊drop out 辍学；掉落come out 出来；花开放；出版；得…名次get out （使）出去；逃脱；（消息等）泄露；说出；公布think out 想出let out 泄漏（机密）；发出（喊叫）point out 指出blow up 告吹；发脾气；（风雨）等发生break up 破碎；结束；（士气）衰弱；（关系）破裂bring up 培养；养育；呕吐call up 给…打电话；使人想起come up 走近；发芽；提出来；出现（问题；建议）；上楼cover up 掩盖；包庇cut up 切碎；使…难过get up 起床；起立；（风、浪、火）大起来；打扮；安排；组织check up=check through=check over 核对；检查give up 放弃；把…送交；使埋头于…go up 上升；涨价；修建；增长hang up / off 挂起；挂断电话hold up 举起；竖起；支撑；使停顿；使延误keep up 保持；继续（某活动）look up 抬头看；查阅；看望；（身体）好转make up 弥补；赔偿；编造；组成；虚构pull up 拔出；拔掉；使车停住；停车pick up 举起；拾起；（身体）好转；中途接入；（非正式）学会；偶然发现／买到／得知／养成习惯等wind up 上紧（钟表）发条；使紧张；兴奋；结束put up 举起；盖起；支起；张贴；投宿shut up 关门；关在里面；闭嘴show up=turn up 露面take up 着手；占有（时间，空间）turn up 出现；放大（灯光，收音机，煤气等）work up 激发（情感）wrap up 席卷而去；包起来think up 想出use up 用完make up 化妆；编造save up 节省eat up 吃光stay up / sit up 熬夜不睡觉light up 照亮；（脸上）呈现高兴的情绪look up 抬头看；查找；好转blow off 吹掉；埋怨；炸掉break off 突然中断；停止；与…断绝关系call off 叫走；取消carry off 夺走；抢走；获得奖品；叼走come off 脱落；举行；结果cut off 切下；剪下；切断cross off/out 勾掉；划掉die off 相继死去fall off 跌落；减少；脱落；衰退knock off 撞落；撞倒get off 下来；下车；脱下（衣服）；（飞机）起飞give off 发出；放出go off （to…）熄灭；动身去某地；炸锅hang off / back 忧郁；畏缩hold off 推迟；抵挡；不使…接近keep off 避开；防止；挡住leave off 停止；中断pay off 还清；偿还掉put off 推迟；延期shut off 关掉；切断电源take off 脱下；起飞turn off 关掉；切断；取消wipe off 擦掉；还清（债务）blow down 吹倒；吹落break down 出故障；失败；崩溃；分解bring down 使下降；使泄气come down 下来；下降cut down 减少开支；砍倒die down （风、雨、火、植物，浪）平息fall down 落下；跌到；倒塌；失败；证明是不行的go down （价格）下降；（日、月）落下；（风、浪）平静；（船）下沉；倒闭hand down 递给；传递下来；世代相传hold down 制止；控制；缩减put down 写下；记下；镇压；放下shut down （指工厂）关闭；停工take down 记下来；取下来；拆除；咽下turn down 拒绝；关小；调低let sb down 使… 失望bring about 导致；产生；发生come about 产生；造成hang about/around 闲逛；逗留；徘徊check over 核对；检查come over 走过来take over 接管；接替；继承think over 仔细考虑；思考一下turn over 翻开；翻身；移交go over 越过；细看；复习；转向；被翻倒get over 爬过（山、墙）；克服（困难、偏见）熬过；从…恢复过来；做完；浏览look over one‘s shoulder 看过去roll over 翻滚；翻身fall over 绊了一跤take away 拿走get away （from）逃脱；离开；出发；把…送走；寄走blow away 吹走；吹散break away from 脱离（政党）等；放弃；打破（陈规）carry away 运走；使失去自制力die away （风、声音）减弱give away 分发；赠送；出卖；放弃（机会）等go away 走开；离去；（岁月）流逝；死去keep away from… 使避开；使远离pass away 去世；消失；度过put away 把…收起来；存好；放置暂时不用run away 逃走；携带…逃走fade away 褪色；慢慢褪去wash away 洗掉；（洪水）冲垮stay away from 离… 远点shy away from 退出；躲避bring back 拿回；使…回想起call back / ring back 回电话turn back 回来get back 回来；恢复；要回；带回fight back 反击put back 放回原处；拨回时钟；延期推迟take back 收回kick back 踢回pay back 偿还write back 回信give back 归还；送回；恢复；后退come back to life 恢复健康look back on… 回忆；回顾throw back 扔回去draw back 后退其他常用词组（to为介词）object to 反对attend to 办理；处理；注意听；照顾look forward to 期待；盼望be opposed to 反对devote… to 贡献给…stick to 坚持lead to 导致pay attention to 注意到be related to 与…有关be limited to 限制到…be applied to 应用于…see to 注意做到；务必做到；负责… refer to 提到；指的是turn to 翻到；求助于。
动词短语与短语动词区别
短语动词与动词短语区别区别：英语中短语动词与动词短语是不相同的两个概念。
短语动词是英语习语的一个重要类别，而动词短语是一种自由词组。
从词汇学的角度看，它们分属于两个不同的范畴：词类和短语。
从结构看短语动词是由动词加上小品词生成的，而动词短语则是由转换生成语法学派提出的动词加上其他词类构成的短语结构。
短语动词(Phrasal verb)又称“动词词组”，它们是由一个动词和其它词类在一起构成的固定搭配，即由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的词组，其作用和动词差不多。
有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。
因此我们可以把它们看作一个整体，像一般实义动词一样使用。
不同于介词短语，介词和其他代词或名词搭配形成介词短语。
英语中一些常用动词常可以与某些介词、副词或其他词构成意义不同的习语（idioms）。
这些组合一般只作为一个整体使用，因此被称为短语动词。
本章分四小节：1）Verb + Preposition；2）Verb + Adverb；3）Verb + Noun/Pronoun + Preposition ；4）Verb + Adverb + Preposition动词+介词1 动词+介词（Verb + preposition）这类短语动词的宾语不论是名词还是人称代词，都要放在短语动词的后面。
"不及物动词+介词"具有原来的字面含义a），或一种或者多种引申的意义b）。
a）系列中动词作其伴生词面意义，与介词有固定关系，属于介词动词，而b）系列中，动词和介词在一起构成一个习惯性的，常常是比喻性的语义单位，属于短语动词，b）系列中的动词一般都允许有相应的被动态。
例如：动词+副词2 动词+副词（Verb + adverb）这类短语动词，有的相当于一个及物动词。
--Trains stop here in order to pick up passengers only. 必须注意，本组短语动词一般都可以构成被动语态。
高中英语语法总结：动词和动词短语
高中英语语法总结：动词和动词短语英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。
实义动词又称行为动词，为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语，实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。
英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成，在句中起动词的作用。
高考设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语词意的辨析及其理解和运用能力。
考向一 常用动词辨析1.advise，persuade，suggestadvise用作及物动词，表示＂劝告，忠告，建议＂，强调提醒或引起注意；persuade表示＂说服＂，强调劝说成功，主要搭配是：persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事（相当于persuade sb. into doing sth.）；如表示劝说但不一定成功，则使用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。
suggest用作及物动词，意为＂建议＂，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句，从句中的谓语用＂should＋动词原形＂，should可以省略。
2．bring，take，carry，fetchbring＂带来，拿来，取来＂，强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。
take＂拿走，带走＂，强调把人或物从说话者身边带走，方向与bring相反。
fetch＂去拿来，去取来＂，强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后，又回到甲地，相当于go and bring。
carry＂携带，搬运，运送＂，强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。
3．win，beat，defeatwin表示＂赢得，战胜＂时，宾语多是比赛项目等。
win sb.则指＂赢得人心＂。
beat/defeat意为＂打败，击败＂，其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。
如：beat sb.打败某人；defeat their team/ the country/the enemy击败了他们的队/国家/敌人。
动词及动词短语
动词及动词短语一、动词动词分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
1实义动词，实义动词分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.).既无动词后需跟宾语，而不及物动词不能跟宾语，需要一个介词才能跟宾语。
及物动词：give, tell, send等He gave me a present.不及物动词：work, swim, arrive,等He arrived late.注：实义动词又可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词2.系动词：本身有词义，不能单独用作谓语，必须跟表语构成系表结构（1）表状态类得系动词：be, remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, sit, lie, prove, turn out, work out, seem, appear etc. 如：The search proved difficult.（2）表告感觉类得系动词：feel, smell, sound, taste, look etc. 如：This flower smells very sweet.（3）表变化类得系动词：become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run, make etc. 如：He became a doctor two years ago.变化类系动词辨析go ①由好到坏或由正常到不常的变化②“保持”go bad；go blind；go mad; go hungry (unreported, unnoticed)come变成为（已知的状态）；证实为come true; come rightrun“变成” run short；run dryturn成为与以前完全不同的东西。
多接表示颜色或天气的形容词或不带冠词的名词。
如：The trees turn red in autumn.fall“进入（某种状态）；成为” fall asleep；fall ill；fall lame；fall silentget “变成，变得……起来”。
高中英语语法：动词和动词短语(共43张PPT)
一、动词
（2）表示感官的连系动词。这类动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste等，它们没有被动语态。 This kind of cake tastes delicious.这种蛋糕尝起来很美味。 That sounds great.听起来妙极了。 （3）表示变化的连系动词。这类连系动词比较多，常见的有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等，主要用来表示主语 变化成什么情况。 Even quiet and serious scholars can become excited about it.甚至沉默 严肃的学者也能因其而激动。 The maple leaves turn red in autumn.枫叶在秋天变红了。
一、动词
高频考点： 表示“变成什么样子的人”常用become和turn，但是turn后作表 语的名词前不用冠词。 He wanted to become a writer but he turned journalist.他想成为一名 作家，但却成了一个记者。 （4）表示表象的连系动词。这类词主要有seem，appear，look等。 She used to smile all the time but now she looks washed out and unhappy.过去的她笑口常开,而现在的她看上去却缺乏活力，很不 开心。 He seemed disappointed when he was refused.被拒绝后他看起来很 失望。
一、动词
（5）表示终止的连系动词。这类词主要有prove, turn out等。 I imagined it would prove an easy task.我以为这会是一项容易的任务。 The medicine turned out highly effective.该药疗效显著。 （6）表示持续的连系动词。这类词主要有remain, keep, stay等。 He always keeps silent at the meeting.开会时他总是保持沉默。 3.助动词 助动词不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形或分词构成复合谓语，表示实义 动词的时态、语态、语气、人称和数等。 （1）助动词be可以和过去分词构成被动语态，或与现在分词构成各种进行 时态。 History is made by the people.历史是人民创造的。 She is doing her homework now.她正在做家庭作业。
动词和动词短语讲课教案
动词和动词短语讲课教案动词和动词短语⼀、系动词1．表⽰⼈或事物特征和状态的系动词，如smell，live，look，sound，feel，seem，appear等。
例如：The actor looked his part．那个演员看上去和他演的⾓⾊很相称。
He appears fl normal person．他看来是⼀个正常⼈。
2．表⽰状态的变化，如go，grow，run，turn，become，wash，get，turn OUt，come等。
例如：His dream has come true．他的梦想成真了。
The river went dry．河流⼲涸了。
3．表⽰某种状态的持续或延续，如last，stand，lie，keep，stay，continue，hold等。
例如：He stayed young．他依然年轻。
He told me to keep calm under all circumstances．他告诉我在任何情况下都要保持镇静。
注意：常⽤系动词及与之搭配的形容词：①feel：sorry，lonely，proud，shy。
happy等。
②get：late，fat，dark，worse，angry，well等。
③go：hungry，bad，lame，broken，mad，blind等。
④grow：worse，calm，cold，old，thin，big，fat，dark 等。
⑤keep：calm，fine，quiet，warm，happy等。
⑥look：strong，tired，fit，nervous，friendly，pretty，excellent等。
⑦remain：single，unmarried，calm，open，active，silent 等。
⑧prove：false，correct，easy，difficult，useful等。
⑨turn：yellow，grey，pale，red，black，green，cold等。
语法第七章动词和动词短语
表示可能、请求允许时，could 不是can的过去式，而是表 示委婉语气表示可能性，常用于否定或疑问句中。 如：The man over there can’t be our teacher. Because he is much too fat. It could belong to Linda.
be friends be (in)
举一反三
中考 预 测
( B) 1. I’ll lend you the book, but you can only _____ it for 2
days.
A. borrow B. keep C. take D. return
(C ) 2. A big accident _____ the poor boy yesterday.
整，如love，buy，enjoy，teach，watch。 注：及物动词+宾语： I really enjoy the movie. 及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语：
I often hear her singing in the next room.
及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语： Mother bought me a beautiful dress.
A. happened C. happened to B. happen to D. was happened to
考 点 3系 动 词、 助 动 词 1. 系动词系动词本身有意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表 语在一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。
分类 例词 备注
be 动词 变化类系动词 状态类系动词
isn’t，am not，aren’t， wasn’t，weren’t don’t，doesn’t， didn’t hasn’t，haven’t， hadn’t won’t，shan’t
常见的动词短语及例句
常见的动词短语及例句一、动词be构成的短语动词1、be known as/be famous as 作为……而闻名be known for 因……而出名be known to 为……所知be known by 凭……而知eg: The hill is known for the temple.Lu Xun is known to us as a writer.One can be known by his words and deeds.2、be married t 与……结婚She is married to a musician.3、be tired of/with 对……厌烦He is tired of/with this kind of life.=He is bored with this kind of life.4、be terrified at 被……吓一跳He is terrified at the snake.5、be burdened with 负重He is burdened with a heavy load.6、be crowed with 挤满The shop is crowed with people.7、be dressed in 穿着She is dressed in red.8、be experienced in 对……有经验He is experienced in mending bikes.9、be equipped with 装备They are equipped with guns and foods.10、be furnished with 提供，布置They are furnished with enough food.11、be engaged in sth. 从事，忙于=be busy with sth.He has been engaged in writing novels.12、be engaged to 与……订婚My daughter is engaged to a nice doctor.13、be about to do sth. 正要做……I was just about to go swimming when our guide saw me and stop me.14、be fit to do/be fit for 胜任，适合于He is fit to do this work.15、be worth doing 值得做……The film is worth seeing again16、be proud of 以……为骄傲I am proud of being a Chinese.17、be used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于……My grandpa is not used to living in the noisy city.18、be content with 对……感到满意You should be content with what you are.19、be content to do sth./with 甘愿于……，满足于……I am content with your work this time.20、be up to 应由……，轮到……It is up to her to answer the question.21、be meant/intended for 打算给，打算用作Is this valuable painting meant for me?22、be connected with 与……有联系He was also connected with the government.23、be crazy about 对……狂热Many young people are crazy about music.二、动词break构成的短语1、break out 爆发The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 19372、break in 打断，闯入Two robbers broke in and robbed the bank of a lot of money.3、break into 闯入，破门而入They broke into the bedroom and found the man lying on the floor.4、break away from 脱离Lincoln said it was not fight for the south to break away from the union.5、break down (机器、车辆)坏了；失败了；摧毁；分解We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down.6、break through 突破The marchers broke through the line of the police.7、break off 折断；中断；断绝Let us break off for half an hour and have some tea.8、break up 驱散；拆散The police broke up the crowd.三、动词carry构成的短语动词1、carry on 进行He had learned enough English to carry on a conversation.2、carry out 执行；进行They were carrying out an important experiment.3、carry away 拿走Please carry these desks away.4、carry off 夺走；拿走Some unknown man carried off the prize.四、动词call构成的短语动词1、call on 拜访某人；号召We will call on Mr. Li tomorrow.We are called on to help those in trouble.2、call at 拜访某地I called at your office yesterday, but you were not in.3、call for 需要；要求；邀约人；取某物Success called for hard work.call for a doctor 去请医生4、call in 请来；收回Mother is badly ill, so call in a doctor at once.5、call up 打电话；征召；回想起I called T om up and told him the news.In most countries men are called up at the age of 18.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village called up scenes of my childhood.五、动词catch, hold 构成的短语动词1、catch/take/get hold of sth. 抓住某物Catch/Get/T ake hold of the rope, and I will pull you up.2、catch up with 赶上Work hard and I am sure you are able to catch up with others in class.3、catch fire 着火；烧着Last night a big building caught fire.4、catch sight of 发现；看到When the mice caught sight of the cat, the mice run away as quickly as possible.5、hold up 举起；阻滞（交通）；耽搁He held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class.In the rush hour the traffic is hold up.6、hold back 阻止；控制We must hold them back from fighting.7、hold out 坚持；拿出We must hold out until helps comes.六、动词come构成的动词短语1、come into……进入……come into being （事物、局面）产生；形成The custom came into being long long ago.2、come along 过来；快点Come along! It is nearly 8.3、come out 出来；出版How did the printing come out?4、come true 实现I am sure your dream will come true one day.5、come back to life 苏醒过来When the wounded soldier came back to life, he found himself in hospital.6、come to the point 说到要点；触及问题实质7、come about 发生；造成The event came about as he had predicted it.8、come across 偶然碰见;遇见=run acrossY ou are the most beautiful woman I have ever come across.9、come to an end 结束Y ou duties here have come to an end.10、come to light 为人所知；显露The robbery did not come to light until the next day.11、come up with 提出；想出He came up with a new suggestion.七、动词do构成的短语动词1、do well in 在某方面做得好My cousin is a sailor and he is doing very well in the navy.2、do good to 对……有好处Doing morning exercises will do good to your health.3、do harm to 对……有坏处T oo much noise does harm to our health.4、do with 处理What did you do with our goods?5、do sb. a favour 帮某人的忙Will you de me a favour to carry it upstairs?6、do up 系纽扣；梳理Look, your bottom is not done up.八、动词get构成的动词短语1、get in touch with 同……取得联系2、get up 起床He gets up very early everyday.3、get back 回来；取回I will get back next weekend.4、get on 上车Y ou should not get on the bus until it has stopped completely.5、get over 克服；度过Y ou will soon get over these difficulties.6、get off 下车The bus stopped and the passengers got off.7、get together 相聚We should go to a restaurant to get together.8、get on/along well with 与……相处融洽I am getting on well with my classmates.9、get into 进入；陷入Do not get into the habit of smoking.10、get into trouble 陷入麻烦11、get in a word 插话12、get rid of 除掉We are doing our best to get rid of pollution.13、get through 通过；接通；完成；经历I tried to phone you but I could not get through.14、get to 到达He had to get to the other side of street to attend a meeting.15、get about/around/round 传开；传出去The news of the disaster soon get about.16、get across 使理解The teacher tried to explain the problem, but the explanation did not get across to the class.17、get away 离开I was in a meeting and could not get away.18、get down to (doing) sth. 安心做；开始认真于Y ou must get down to your studies this year.九、动词give构成的短语1、give up 放弃I persuaded him to give up the foolish plan.2、give in 屈服；投降He would not give in to the enemy.3、give out 用完；耗尽Our food and water will give out soon.4、get out of 从……出来；摆脱He got out of debt.5、give away 分发；泄露；捐赠He gave away most of his fortune to the poor work.6、give off 放出This engine gives off lots of smoke and steam.7、give back 归还；恢复Living here has given me back my health.十、动词go构成的短语动词1、go ahead 继续；干吧He went ahead with the work and got it done.2、go by （时间）过去；经过（地点）Do not let the good chance go by.3、go out (灯、火)熄灭When they arrived, the fire had gone out.4、go on (doing) sth. 继续做某事Please go on with your work.5、go on to do sth. 接着做另外的事He went on to watch TV after he had finished his homework.6、go over 检查；复习When I came into the classroom, our teacher isgoing over our homework.7、go through 完成；通过；经过，仔细检查During the night the computers go through the information.8、go all about 竭尽全力They went all out to build the dam.9、go about 开始着手；到处走动；传开How does one go about getting the information? 10、go against 违背They are going against our wishes.11、go back 回家；追溯This festival goes back to Roman times.12、go for 运用于；应用于The medicine went for nothing.13、go in 参加；爱好She went in for a singing competition.14、go with 相配I want some shoes to go with these trousers.15、go without 不吃；不喝；不用The poor boy often has to go without supper. 16、go beyond 超过That is going beyond a joke.17、go up 上升；上涨The goods have gone up in quality.18、go down 下降；下沉；降落The moon has gone down.十一、动词have构成的短语动词1、have a word with sb. 和某人有句话说Could you spare a few minutes? I want to have a word with you.2、have words with 争吵They have had words with her about money.3、have (deep) effect on 对……有（深远）影响The book has great effects on his life.4、have difficulty in/find difficulty in/have trouble in 做……有困难We have difficulty in writing the composition.十二、动词knock构成的短语动词1、knock at 敲门；敲窗Y ou should knock at the door before coming in. 2、knock down 撞倒They make sure the cows not knock the youngtrees down or eat the leaves.3、knock off 撞掉下来A child ran into the street and knocked thewoman off her bicycle.4、knock about 连续打击/碰撞；漂泊；闲逛He has knocked about all over Asia.十三、动词keep构成的动词短语1、keep on doing sth. 继续或反复做某事T om kept on doing studying English and using it when he lived in London.2、keep up 坚持Keep up your courage and your will succeed.3、keep up with 跟上She can’t keep up with others.4、keep back 保留；阻止；隐瞒；拒绝She was in deep sorrow, but she kept back her tears.5、keep away from 远离Keep children away from fire.6、keep out of 使……不进入In the ancient time, the Great Wall was built inorder to keep enemy out of country.7、keep one’s word 遵守诺言I am sure your will keep your word.8、keep in touch with 与……保持联系We kept in touch with each other by writing letters.9、keep silent 保持沉默He kept silent about the matter.10、keep/prevent/stop……from doing sth.制止（防止）做某事The heavy rain kept us from going out.11、keep off 使……远离Please keep off the grass.十四、动词look构成的动词短语1、look up抬头；查阅Y ou may look up new word in a dictionary.2、look out 小心Look out! The pan is on fire.3、look into 调查We will further look into the matter.4、look forward to 盼望We look forward to knowing the results of the exam.5、look through 仔细看；浏览Y ou have to look through the papers before you hand them.6、look up to 尊敬Y oung children look up to old people.7、look down upon 瞧不起The days are gone when women were looked down upon.8、look like看起来Y ou look like your father.9、look on……as (=treat/consider/take/think of……as)把……看作He looks on the computer as his friend.10、look after 照顾When I was ill, my mother looked after me.11、look for寻找What are you looking for?十五、动词make构成的短语动词1、make a dive for 向……猛冲The dog made a dive for the bone.2、make an apology to 向……道歉He made an apology to her.3、be made up of 组成Two thirds of the earth’s surface is made up of vast ocean.4、made up 组成；化妆；打扮；补充；弥补；编造Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the United Kingdom.The whole story is made up.5、make room for 给……腾地方Would you like to make room for the old lady?6、make up one’s mind 下决心I have made up my mind to work harder thanbefore.7、make up for 弥补We must make up for the time wasted before.8、make use of 利用We should make full use of the books in the library.9、make one’s way 排除困难前进After the film ended we made our way out ofcinema.10、make progress 进步With the teacher’s help, I have made muchprogress.11、make repairs 修理They are making repairs in that building.12、make a living 谋生He began to make a living by himself when he wasten.13、make for 走向；前往They set off by car and made the nearest town. 14、make the best of 尽量使用Mother didn’t enjoy his j ob, but she made the bestof it.15、make out 认出；理解We made out a figure in the darkness.16、make it 成功After hard-working, we made it at last.17、make a promise 许诺言Father made a promise to buy me a new computer.十六、动词put构成的短语动词1、put away 放好；收起来Put the books away after reading.2、put down 记下；平息Put down the gentleman’s address.3、put out 扑灭；出版It took the fire-fighters four hours to put out the fire.4、put up 举起；建造；张贴；公布；投宿Many new buildings have been put up in our city.5、put up with 忍受He is prepared to put up with it for the time being.6、put on 穿上；上演；增加We will put on the new play next month.7、put off 延期；拖延The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather.8、put through 完成；（打电话）把……接通Can you put me through to this number？9、put forward 提出建议；拨快（钟等）The doctor put forward a good suggestion.十七、动词take构成的短语动词1、take up 占据（时间，空间）；从事The piano takes up too much space in the room.2、take……out 拿出去。
英语动词及动词短语
动词短语 4.动词+over构成的短语：
e over 2.hand over 3.go over 4.get over 5.look over 6.think over 7.take over 8.turn over
1.过来 2.移交 3.仔细检查,复习 4.克服,恢复 5.检查 6.仔细考虑 7.接受,接管 8.翻转
2.put back 2.把---放回原处
3.put down 3.放下,镇压
4.put forward 4.提出,建议
5.put in
5.放进
6.put off
6.推迟,拖延
7.put on
7.穿上,戴上,增加,上演
8.put out 9.put up
8.扑灭；熄灭 9.举起,张贴
19.be/get/become +过去分词/形容词+介词的短语有：
1.cut in
1.插嘴,插入
2.cut across 2.抄近路
3.cut off
3.切断
4.cut up
4.切碎
5.cut down 5.砍倒,削减
6.cut out 6.切掉,裁剪出
动词短语 12.get +介词/副词的短语：
1.get through 1.通过,度过,打通
2.get in
2.进入,陷入
5.动词+up构成的短语：
1.bring up 2.call up e up 4.cut up 5.fix up 6.give up 7.go up 8.grow up 9.look up 10.make up 11.put up 12.pick up 13.set up 14.send up 15.show up 16.turn up 17.take up
高考英语词法系列：动词和动词短语
动词和动词短语■考查范围在单项填空和完形填空中，对动词词义、动词短语的辨析以及动词搭配的考查一直是高考的热点。
因此在一轮的复习中要注重对动词及短语的含义及引申义进行归纳总结；突出对其在具体的语境中意义选择的把握。
因此，需要理解所有动词和动词词组的常用意义，掌握常考动词和动词词组的用法，并能熟练运用高频动词进行书面表达，而不必过于注重同义词的细微区别。
■高频考点高考对动词的考查重点集中在实义动词的常见意义和用法，而对助动词的考查较少。
对动词短语的考查重点是第1～3项，而考查第4～6项的情况较少。
高考试题分析■真题探究1.（2010安徽）No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ______you wishing they were that highA. getting rid ofB. getting along withC. Looking up toD. looking down upon【答案与解析】C getting rid of意为“摆脱；去除”；getting along with意为“与……相处；进展”；Looking up to意为“尊敬；敬仰”；looking down upon意为“看不起；轻视”。
句意为“你无论认为自己怎样低下, 总希望有个高尚的人来尊敬你。
”2. （2010全国Ⅰ）The workers ______ the glasses and marked on each box “ This Side Up”A. carriedB. deliveredC. pressedD. packed【答案与解析】D 句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好并且每个盒子上标记上“此面向上”。
选项为四个意思上毫无关联的动词, 此题考查动词的词义辨析。
carry 译为搬运, deliver译为递送, press译为按, 压, pack译为打包。
动词与动词短语
第四讲动词和动词短语考点一动词的分类1，及物动词：可直接加宾语。
如：do, hate, like, marry, say, tell.2，不及物动词：加适当的介词后再加宾语。
如：come, go, arrive3，助动词：have (has, had),do (did, does)4，可接双宾语的动词如： show, buy, sell, offer, make, teach, award等，其用法为：1，动词+间宾（人）+直宾（物）buy me a book.2，动词+直宾+for（为）+间宾buy a book for me.3，动词+直宾+to（方向）+间宾show the book to me.5, 系动词：be （am, is, are, was, were）除be动词外，还有些动词可以用作连系动词，它们不能单独作谓语，必须与表语（多为形容词）一起构成合成谓语。
【对点演练】一. 单句语法填空，根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.You know how I ____(讨厌)math.2.He _________(进入)the room and shut the door.3.Do you ____(助动词)something to eat?4.He is saving up to buy a house ____(介词) his family.5.He ___(系动词) staying with friends this weekend.答案：1 hate 2came into 3have 4for 5is二. 单句语法改错1.Now I like to the film some.2.Will you go us? Sure!3.Love me as I love you？4.Do not expect him to show kindness for you.5.I will brain you if you don＇t keep quietly.答案：1去掉to 2 go后面加with 3Love前面加Do，且Love改love 4for改to 5quietly改quiet考点二动词辨析1. 重点掌握某些近义词的辨析如：admit, allow, permit; contain, include; receive, accept; want, wish, hope, expect; stay, remain, keep; discover, uncover等。
常见动词和动词短语
come into sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect
进入视线/形成/成立/开始使用/引起注意/生效
come on
来临；快点
come out
出版；结果是
come along
6.acquire，get，gain 三个词都有“获得”的意思，但其侧重点各不相同。 acquire多指经过一段时间的努力而获得，获得的内容多 是抽象的东西，并且一旦获得很难失去，如知识等； get是一般用语，指“得到”； gain往往指通过努力或有意识的行动而获得有益的东西。
She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study. 经过认真学习她精通了英语。 He has just got a new job. 他刚找到一份新工作。 They gained the victory after a bloody battle. 他们血战之后赢得身体(精神)衰弱；分解，
拆开 暂停，中断 强行进入；插话 闯入 爆发 粉碎，驱散；学期结束；拆散 突破
3.bring up bring about bring out bring in bring back bring down
抚养；呕吐；提出 造成 拿出；出版 引入，引进；挣钱 使回想起 使减少；使倒下
(2)以上例句中的beat不能用hit，strike代替。在表示“打、 击”意思时，beat表示连续性的打击；hit表示对准目标打 一下，强调击中；strike表突然性或一次性的击打。 He hit the nail squarely on the head with the hammer. 他用锤子正对着钉子敲下去。 He was struck dead by lightning.他被雷电击死了。
动词和动词短语
专题九 动词和动词短语I 、重点难点解析对动词和动词短语主要考查词义辨析，动词的用法与搭配及一词多义；在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。
要特别注意一些最常用的词汇，如get, make, have, take 等。
一 动词分类一览表We have lunch at 12.() /We have been to Japan.(二 动词短语构成一览表三 高中常用动词短语：常用动词come, go, keep, look, make, put, take, turn 的搭配 1. comecome about 发生，造成； come across 越过某处；被理解；偶然发现, 偶然遇到 come after 跟在…后面，追踪；寻找come along 来到；一道走；赶快；再加把劲儿 come at 向...扑过来, 向...袭击come back 回来；东山在起；重新流行；回想起；还嘴（常与此同时连用）come from 由…造成；出身于；来自于come into being ／existence 出现，开始形成，建立 come in 进来；（蔬菜、水果等）到成熟期，上市 ；涨潮；火车进站，船进港口；（比赛中）得…名次（come in second 得第二名） come on 跟随；上台；（工作等）进展；赶快；骑（马等）；come out 出来; 出发；出版；名列…；（总数等）达到（+ at/to ）come to (oneself)苏醒; 总共; 达到; 碰到 come to an agreement 达成协议 come to a close/an end 终止，结束come to life 活过来；活跃起来；栩栩如生 come to light 泄露（真相）；被发现 come to mind 想起，回忆起come to the point （讲话、写文章等）切中要害 come to the /one' s rescue 帮助 come true 实现，变成现实come up 升起；走进；种子生长发育； 被提出2. gogo about 四处走动；（故事、消息等）传开；在…地方来回走动go after 追赶；追捕；追求go ahead 前进；开始干某事；说吧,走吧,做吧(口语)；走在前面go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事go around/round绕道；（在某一地方）四处走动；（故事、消息等）传开；在头脑中盘旋go beyond 超出；超出…的能力go by从…经过/通过；（时间）流逝过去；顺便走访go back to 追溯到；返回；恢复到；回顾go down（温度等）下降；（价格等）下跌；倒下；（太阳、月亮等）降到地平线下go in for参与，参与（竞赛等）；从事（某项工作）；爱好，酷爱go into 进入；撞在…上；调查go off 离开某地；放弃；（口）变坏，变酸（水、电、煤气等）被切断go over 越过；超过（期限等）；审阅或审查，核对；仔细查看；复习go out (火)熄灭,过时了,罢工go through 穿过；进过；议案、决议等被通过；遭受，经受(痛苦/困难), 审阅；完成go too far 太过分, 走太远了go with 相配（同义词match/go along with）go well with 协调go wrong 出错;发生故障3. keepkeep away(使)不靠近，（使）远离；不沾keep back往后站，后退；阻止；对…保守秘密；（从工资等中）扣压，扣下；留给keep in mind把…记在心里；记住keep in order（使）保持整齐，使井井有条；维持秩序keep in touch with与…保持联系keep off（使）不接近，（使）保持距离；挡开，避开；回避（避开）某话题keep one’s ears open（口）留心细听；倾听keep one’s eyes open留心看着，注意留神，提防keep out（使）不让入内，不要进来；留出来keep out of将…置身于…之外；（使）不参与；不牵涉进去；不要惹事/麻烦keep quiet保持安静，别吵闹；保守秘密，隐瞒某事（+about sth.）keep up your courage保持勇气，别泄气keep up with 跟上4.looklook about/around向四周看；仔细查看look after 照料；寻找look ahead向前看；展望未来;look at看；察看；大致浏览look back 回顾；回过头看；回忆look down one’s nose at傲慢;看不起; 轻视某人look down upon/ on sb 轻视某人；鄙视某人/某物look forward to doing /sth. （殷切地，愉快地）期待，希望；预计有…情况look into sth注视…的内部或深处；（=investigate sth.）调查；浏览(书报等)look sb. in/into the eye/face 镇定勇敢地面对look like／as if似乎是；看起来像look on /upon sb./sth. as 把...看作.look out 小心,当心；向外看look over 对…审阅；粗略地看；翻阅look through 透过…看（尤指空隙或透明物体等）；（从头到尾）初略地翻阅look up 仰视；(从词典，电话本等中)找出look up to sb 尊敬某人5. makemake out （勉强地）看出；辩认出；理解；make up 构成make up for 补回失去make up one's mind（s）决定,下决心make an effort to do努力，尽力make oneself heard使自己被别人听到make good /no sense有意义/没意义make fun of 嘲笑，和某人开玩笑make up of 由...组成make one’s living by doing 通过做…make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡6. putput away 放好；收起来；把…放在原位；储藏放弃put aside放在一边；抛弃；暂时不做；留出(时间),省出(钱) put back 放在原处；推迟, 延期put down放下；让（乘客）下车；压下去；写下来put forward 提出（计划/建议等）；拨快钟点；推荐put off 推迟, 延期；打消, 关上put into use 投入使用put off脱掉（衣服等）；推迟，延期put on 穿上,带上；长高；上演put out 扑灭,吹灭；生产；出版put up 举起；张贴；留某人过夜；建造；提出（建议等put up with和某人住在一起；忍受，忍耐put through 做成，完成；接通电话使通过考试；使经历（难受的事）put one's heart into 全心全意投入7. taketake away 拿走, 挪开，拿开；（使）离开，把某人带走take back 拿回来，退回；送回某人；（同意）收回（退货）take A for B 把A误认为是Btake sb./sth. for granted认为…是必然情况，视为当然take part in参加take pride in =be proud of 引以为自豪take advantage of 利用；占…的便宜take care of照看，照顾take charge of开始负…的责；看管；控制take a chance 碰运气take hold of抓住；掌握take notice of对…注意／留心；认真地听take the opportunity of抓住机会；利用（机会）take the place of代替take the risk of冒…的险take off 拿开；去掉；（飞机）起飞；脱下（衣、帽等）take on a new look 呈现新面貌take up 占据(时间,地方)；从事于take in吸收（气、水等）；接纳（工作人员等）；收集；骗take in turn 依次8. turnturn against 背叛；（使）事情对…不利；（使）攻击turn around/round转过身去，将…转过来；使（船、飞机等）返航turn down 拒绝；音量调低；向下翻；turn into 把...变成...；把...翻译成...turn in 上交turn left向走转turn off关掉（开关等）；关闭，断开turn on打开（开关、水、电等）turn out制造出，生产出，培养出；结局是，结果是；原来是turn over 移交，把...打翻turn to 转向，求助于，翻到第几页turn to sb for help 求助于II、实战演练圈出划线部分的正确答案，使句子完整正确。
100个最常用的短语动词
26. Fill up: 填补；装满；堵塞
27. Find out: 找出，查明；发现，揭发
28. Get along (with): 过活, 进展；（使）前进；与…和睦相处
29. Get back: 回来；恢复；取回；报复；重新上台
30. Get In: 进入入；到达；陷入入；收获
31. Get out: 离开，出去；泄露露；出版
32. Get rid of: 摆脱，除去
33. Get together: 聚会；聚集；收集；积累
34. Get Up: 起床，起立立；建造；增加；打扮；伪造
35. Give back: 归还；反射；恢复
36. Give up: 放弃；交出
5. Bring back: 拿回来； 使…恢复；使…回忆起来, 带回来
6. Bring over: 使相信；说服；把…带来, 使某人人转变
7. Bring up: 提出；教育；养育；呕出；抚养
8. Call back: 回电话；再打电话, 收回, 回叫, 叫回来
9. Calm down: 平静下来；镇定下来, 别冲动
84. Take off: 起⻜飞；脱下；离开, 拿走走
85. Take out: 取出；去掉；出发；发泄；把…带出去；邀请（某人人）外出； 开始
86. Think about: 考虑, 思考
87. Think over: 仔细考虑；重新考虑
88. Throw away/Throw out: 扔掉；伸出；说出；否决；突出
42. Go up: 增⻓长；上升；被兴建起来, 上涨
43. Grow up: 成⻓长，逐渐形成
44. Hand over: 交出；移交, 让与
语法——动词和动词短语
第6讲动词和动词短语第6讲动词和动词短语动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词四大类。
核心考点01 考查行为动词行为动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。
语法填空中对动词的考查通常是在时态、语态和非谓语动词等语法形式中进行的。
典例分析(2017江苏卷)He’s been informed tha t he ________(not qualify) for the scholarship because of his academic background.【解析】句意:由于他的学术背景, 他被告知没有资格获得奖学金。
根据句意可知, 此处用一般现在时表示客观事实。
【答案】doesn’t qualify核心考点02考查连系动词连系动词是用来帮助说明主语的动词。
它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，其后必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
最常用的连系动词就是be。
典例分析Our club ________ (be) open to everyone regardless of age, sex or educational background.【解析】句意：我们的俱乐部对所有人开放, 不分年龄、性别和教育背景。
主语是our club，属于单数第三人称性，所以填is。
【答案】is状元提醒连系动词有哪些？1.状态系动词：用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。
The English play was a great success.这部英语剧非常成功。
2.持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay,lay, stand等。
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动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色，也是 难点，每年均为重点。历年试题中动词所占的 比例最大，设题时都是给出不同的动词或短语 来测试考生在具体语境中对动词(短语)意义的 理解和运用。考点主要包括： 1. 动词词义辨析。包括常见动词用法辨析、近 义词辨析、相近词辨析和用法相近词辨析。
If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to ____ on the sea? 【2015· 浙江】 A. float B. drown C. shrink D. split
3. 动词+名词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有： catch sight of, compare notes with, declare war on / upon, get rid of, have a word with, make fun of, make use of, make preparations for, pay attention to, take care of, take hold of, take advantage of, take charge of等。
二、延续性动词与终止性动词 延续性动词可用于完成时，与以下几种时间 状语连用：for +段时间，since +点时间， since +一段时间+ago，since +从句（一般过 去时）等。常见的这类动词有：have, possess, keep, know, learn, live, read, sleep, wait, work, look, hear, smell等。
一、及物动词与不及物动词 常见的跟单宾语的及物动词主要有：accept, admire, admit, affect, afford, discover, educate, enjoy, explain, forget, guess, invent, love, post, raise等。
常见的跟双宾语的及物动词主要有： 1. 直、间接宾语易位需加to的动词：bring, give, hand, pass, post, promise, read, return, show, teach, tell, lend等。 2. 直、间接宾语易位需加for的动词：buy, choose, cook, draw, find, fetch, make, order, paint, purchase, save, spare等。 3. 既可加to，也可加for的动词：do, get, play, sing等。
除了考查其基本含义辨析外，更注重动词(短 语)的新义和引申义，如： polish抛光， 磨光(本意)→修正，文饰(引申); sniff嗅，闻(本意)→鄙视地说(引申); break down发生故障，失灵，失效(本意)→坍塌， 崩溃，瓦解，中断，中止(引申); look into向 里面看(本意)→调查，研究(引申)，同时还有 “浏览”之意；work out基本意思为“解决， 算出，制订出”，还有“锻炼”的意思。
2. 动词+副词 1) 用作及物动词。常用的这类短语动词有 bring up, cut off, figure out, put out, take down, take over, throw away, turn down, turn over等。 2) 用作不及物动词。常用的这类短语动词有 break down, die away, give in, go ahead, hang on, run away, stand out, set off, wake up等。
常见的不及物动词主要有：ache, agree, apologize, appear, arrive, come, go, cry, dance, die, disappear, dream, exist, fall, flow, graduate, sit, stand, stay, wait, ris同根动词短语的 辨析、同根介词或副词的动词短语辨析、 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词 +副词+介词”短语的辨析。在动词词组的测 试中，绝大多数为基础动词，出现频率较 高的词有：get, turn, make, put, go, give, break, cut, come, look, keep, bring, show, pick, hold, fall, carry, pull, catch, call, take 等。
4. 动词+副词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有： catch up with, come up with, date back to, put up with, go in for, run out of等。 5. be +形容词+介词。这类短语动词常用的有： be accustomed / used to, be afraid of, be devoted to, be fond of, be familiar with, be famous for, be fit / suitable for等。
三、常见的短语动词有以下五种： 1. 动词+介词 “动词+介词”构成的短语相当于一个及物 动词，后面跟宾语。被动语态中，整个短语 不可分开。这类短语动词常用的有：agree on, burst into, call on, consist of, deal with, depend / rely on, die of / from, dream of, feel like, get into, hear from, insist on, look / stare / glare at, prepare for, result in, set about等。
终止性动词不可用于现在完成时，不能与表 示一段时间的状语连用，其否定形式多与 until / till连用，构成“not+终止性动词+until / till ...”的句型，意为“直到……才……”。 如： I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.