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1960—2017年世界各经济体GDP数据(来自世界银行)

1960年—2017年世界银行国民经济核算数据Country Name Indicator Name1960196119621963阿鲁巴GDP（现价美元）阿富汗GDP（现价美元）537777811.1548888895.6546666677.8751111191.1安哥拉GDP（现价美元）阿尔巴尼亚GDP（现价美元）安道尔共和国GDP（现价美元）阿拉伯联盟国家GDP（现价美元）阿拉伯联合酋长国GDP（现价美元）阿根廷GDP（现价美元）2445060487818272123664亚美尼亚GDP（现价美元）美属萨摩亚GDP（现价美元）安提瓜和巴布达GDP（现价美元）澳大利亚GDP（现价美元）18573188487196483368801988800537621501847911奥地利GDP（现价美元）6592693841731174963377561102108374175258阿塞拜疆GDP（现价美元）布隆迪GDP（现价美元）195999990202999992213500006232749998比利时GDP（现价美元）11658722591124001452221326401567514260017387贝宁GDP（现价美元）226195579.4235668222.4236434906.8253927646.5布基纳法索GDP（现价美元）330442817.2350247237.1379567178.3394040749.1孟加拉国GDP（现价美元）4274893913481758018450814133405319458351保加利亚GDP（现价美元）巴林GDP（现价美元）巴哈马GDP（现价美元）169803921.6190098039.2212254902237745098波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那GDP（现价美元）白俄罗斯GDP（现价美元）伯利兹GDP（现价美元）28071888.5629964370.7131856922.8633749405.01百慕大GDP（现价美元）84466654.0889249986.794149985.9796366652.31玻利维亚GDP（现价美元）373879363.6406684585.7444665186.4478805990.1巴西GDP（现价美元）15165569913152368548591992629383923021477292巴巴多斯GDP（现价美元）文莱达鲁萨兰国GDP（现价美元）不丹GDP（现价美元）博茨瓦纳GDP（现价美元）30412308.9932902336.6435643207.6338091150.57中非共和国GDP（现价美元）112155598.9123134584.5124482748.9129379097.9加拿大GDP（现价美元）41093453545407679694544197885204144657169109中歐和波羅的海GDP（现价美元）瑞士GDP（现价美元）9522746719107127124651187998275913063643796海峡群岛GDP（现价美元）智利GDP（现价美元）4110000000460972727354162727275668187500中国GDP（现价美元）59716467625500568689584720935900650706799903科特迪瓦GDP（现价美元）546203561.6618245639.2645284344.7761047045.8喀麦隆GDP（现价美元）618740988657597382.8699373701.2723624365.3刚果（金）GDP（现价美元）3359404118308674685737798414296213185743刚果（布）GDP（现价美元）131731862.6151675739.2166521239.9172233430.9哥伦比亚GDP（现价美元）4031152977454044776149555439634836166667科摩罗GDP（现价美元）佛得角GDP（现价美元）哥斯达黎加GDP（现价美元）507513830490325181.6479180824.3511902136.8加勒比小国GDP（现价美元）1875397947203298114521482733162284335164古巴GDP（现价美元）库拉索GDP（现价美元）开曼群岛GDP（现价美元）塞浦路斯GDP（现价美元）德国GDP（现价美元）吉布提GDP（现价美元）多米尼克GDP（现价美元）丹麦GDP（现价美元）6248946880693384209978129681148316692386多米尼加共和国GDP（现价美元）672399700654100200824100000940799900阿尔及利亚GDP（现价美元）2723648552243477664620014688682703014867东亚与太平洋地区（不包括GDP（现价美元）80254554565704495847846455703431669906307996早人口紅利GDP（现价美元）1.52235E+11 1.52939E+11 1.57958E+11 1.67419E+11东亚与太平洋地区GDP（现价美元）1.53255E+11 1.53703E+11 1.57265E+11 1.75491E+11欧洲与中亚地区（不包括高GDP（现价美元）欧洲与中亚地区GDP（现价美元） 4.3296E+11 4.60878E+11 5.03867E+11 5.55621E+11厄瓜多尔GDP（现价美元）2069465326175385041715182082211824344492阿拉伯埃及共和国GDP（现价美元）欧洲货币联盟GDP（现价美元）2.45481E+11 2.7021E+11 2.99861E+11 3.36397E+11厄立特里亚GDP（现价美元）西班牙GDP（现价美元）12072126075138343005711613854520919074913948爱沙尼亚GDP（现价美元）埃塞俄比亚GDP（现价美元）欧洲联盟GDP（现价美元）3.59029E+11 3.90887E+11 4.27015E+11 4.70415E+11脆弱和受衝突影響的情況下GDP（现价美元）芬兰GDP（现价美元）5224102196592165948563405808546885920329斐济GDP（现价美元）112328422.1116987784.9122906435129454728.6法国GDP（现价美元）62651474947683467415047631378225285551113767法罗群岛GDP（现价美元）密克罗尼西亚联邦GDP（现价美元）加蓬GDP（现价美元）141468977.6167637907.4182796536.5154480244.2英国GDP（现价美元）72328047042766943606368060193963585443766670格鲁吉亚GDP（现价美元）加纳GDP（现价美元）1217230038130267426413825155901540797517直布罗陀GDP（现价美元）几内亚GDP（现价美元）冈比亚GDP（现价美元）几内亚比绍共和国GDP（现价美元）赤道几内亚GDP（现价美元）9122751.45310840095.13希腊GDP（现价美元）4446528165501604878653275735095949478035格林纳达GDP（现价美元）格陵兰GDP（现价美元）危地马拉GDP（现价美元）1043599900107669990011436000001262800000关岛GDP（现价美元）圭亚那GDP（现价美元）170215248.2185848451.3194948375.4175756868.7高收入国家GDP（现价美元）1.08366E+12 1.1468E+12 1.23858E+12 1.32442E+12中国香港特别行政区GDP（现价美元）1320796652138368165116123464121935298266洪都拉斯GDP（现价美元）335650000356200000387750000410200000重债穷国 (HIPC)GDP（现价美元）17396670260178550267961944171829923503031963克罗地亚GDP（现价美元）海地GDP（现价美元）273187200271066000281896800294883400匈牙利GDP（现价美元）只有IBRD GDP（现价美元）2.94678E+11 2.81225E+11 2.92837E+11 3.12656E+11 IBRD与IDA GDP（现价美元）3.31624E+11 3.20979E+11 3.3596E+11 3.61328E+11 IDA總GDP（现价美元）37890934897399996450094312684613948531172392 IDA混合GDP（现价美元）12163591850129993826671389420950714695877356印度尼西亚GDP（现价美元）只有IDA GDP（现价美元）26583810460278724153433019742782335110096353印度GDP（现价美元）36535925031387090960764159907024247776000900未分类国家GDP（现价美元）爱尔兰GDP（现价美元）1939329775208801228222603496842430843768伊朗伊斯兰共和国GDP（现价美元）4199134390442694909546935664164928628018伊拉克GDP（现价美元）1684121535183170036419546348361978437693冰岛GDP（现价美元）248434097253885656.3284916516.2340061650.1以色列GDP（现价美元）2598500000313850000025100000002992333333意大利GDP（现价美元）40385288344448427602935038389189957710743060牙买加GDP（现价美元）699050679748028839.4777712445.8826690466.2约旦GDP（现价美元）日本GDP（现价美元）44307342950535086177396072301868469498131797哈萨克斯坦GDP（现价美元）肯尼亚GDP（现价美元）791265458.8792959472.1868111400926589348.6吉尔吉斯斯坦GDP（现价美元）柬埔寨GDP（现价美元）637142865.7642857134.3660000008.6728571437.1基里巴斯GDP（现价美元）圣基茨和尼维斯GDP（现价美元）12366563.6112483229.3112541562.1512833226.39大韩民国GDP（现价美元）3957873926241723775428139339003988246109科威特GDP（现价美元）拉丁美洲与加勒比海地区（GDP（现价美元）52446895080548650472816280667136569823803148老挝GDP（现价美元）黎巴嫩GDP（现价美元）利比里亚GDP（现价美元）利比亚GDP（现价美元）圣卢西亚GDP（现价美元）拉丁美洲与加勒比海地区GDP（现价美元）81504629943862949520819872028703399635182125最不发达国家：联合国分类GDP（现价美元）低收入国家GDP（现价美元）列支敦士登GDP（现价美元）斯里兰卡GDP（现价美元）1409873950144432773114341563791240672269中低等收入国家GDP（现价美元）中低收入国家GDP（现价美元）2.93011E+11 2.82109E+11 2.94325E+11 3.27804E+11莱索托GDP（现价美元）34579308.4135699286.0141859162.8247039059.22後期人口紅利GDP（现价美元）1.70999E+11 1.57909E+11 1.65686E+11 1.79576E+11立陶宛GDP（现价美元）卢森堡GDP（现价美元）703925705.9704145671.4741509480.8791140595.8拉脱维亚GDP（现价美元）中国澳门特别行政区GDP（现价美元）圣马丁（法属）GDP（现价美元）摩洛哥GDP（现价美元）2037150716202568953723796064222657247327摩纳哥GDP（现价美元）摩尔多瓦GDP（现价美元）马达加斯加GDP（现价美元）673081724.1699161943.9739286906.9759345863马尔代夫GDP（现价美元）中东与北非地区GDP（现价美元）墨西哥GDP（现价美元）13040000000141600000001520000000016960000000马绍尔群岛GDP（现价美元）中等收入国家GDP（现价美元）2.77432E+11 2.66404E+11 2.77057E+11 3.06472E+11马其顿王国GDP（现价美元）马里GDP（现价美元）马耳他GDP（现价美元）缅甸GDP（现价美元）中东与北非地区（不包括高GDP（现价美元）蒙古GDP（现价美元）北马里亚纳群岛GDP（现价美元）莫桑比克GDP（现价美元）毛里塔尼亚GDP（现价美元）92609222.69107726181.2111148585.6113797356.8毛里求斯GDP（现价美元）马拉维GDP（现价美元）162956740.9174576508.5183116337.7190816183.7马来西亚GDP（现价美元）1916241997190186854820015026792510126748北美GDP（现价美元）5.84478E+11 6.04157E+11 6.47173E+11 6.83354E+11纳米比亚GDP（现价美元）新喀里多尼亚GDP（现价美元）尼日尔GDP（现价美元）449526872.6485785234.9531736492.9586294761.5尼日利亚GDP（现价美元）4196092258446720033649093029545165489010尼加拉瓜GDP（现价美元）223854666.7240524723.4265291588.7292916241.1荷兰GDP（现价美元）12276734172134938337401464705737015891241386挪威GDP（现价美元）5163271598563246093760669766836510239503尼泊尔GDP（现价美元）508334414531959561.6574091101.2496947904.4瑙魯GDP（现价美元）新西兰GDP（现价美元）5485854792567006416860774962686638937283经合组织成员GDP（现价美元）1.07101E+12 1.12571E+12 1.21568E+12 1.31016E+12阿曼GDP（现价美元）其他小国GDP（现价美元）巴基斯坦GDP（现价美元）3707055901405459918142330955904540529105巴拿马GDP（现价美元）537147100599026300652120900722784500秘鲁GDP（现价美元）2571908062289965484032867731883600957771菲律宾GDP（现价美元）6684568805725696696643998277684875309866帕劳GDP（现价美元）巴布亚新几内亚GDP（现价美元）230496033244832035261184037.4275968039.5波兰GDP（现价美元）預人口紅利GDP（现价美元）11074881960114538283051251357262414600247319波多黎各GDP（现价美元）1691900000186510000020944000002333600000朝鲜民主主义人民共和国GDP（现价美元）葡萄牙GDP（现价美元）3193200404341751663936682223583905734460巴拉圭GDP（现价美元）约旦河西岸和加沙GDP（现价美元）太平洋岛国GDP（现价美元）人口紅利之後GDP（现价美元）1.04422E+12 1.10377E+12 1.19241E+12 1.28368E+12法属波利尼西亚GDP（现价美元）卡塔尔GDP（现价美元）罗马尼亚GDP（现价美元）俄罗斯联邦GDP（现价美元）卢旺达GDP（现价美元）119000024122000016125000008128000000南亚GDP（现价美元）46639476637497497678355308787677459696720683沙特阿拉伯GDP（现价美元）苏丹GDP（现价美元）1307333333141933333315416666671568333333塞内加尔GDP（现价美元）1003692375105897526610854755731122139637新加坡GDP（现价美元）704462302.4764308114.5825885273.7917222004.4所罗门群岛GDP（现价美元）塞拉利昂GDP（现价美元）322009471.6327834680.6342721579.8348546952.1萨尔瓦多GDP（现价美元）圣马力诺GDP（现价美元）索马里GDP（现价美元）塞尔维亚GDP（现价美元）撒哈拉以南非洲地区（不包GDP（现价美元）29694180040308632731463344613713938345027224撒哈拉以南非洲地区GDP（现价美元）29705433864308739618113345781052438357766238小国GDP（现价美元）圣多美和普林西比GDP（现价美元）苏里南GDP（现价美元）99650000107700000116150000125950000斯洛伐克共和国GDP（现价美元）斯洛文尼亚GDP（现价美元）瑞典GDP（现价美元）14842870293161471601231751147731118954132366斯威士兰GDP（现价美元）35076158.4843025199.545927061.4654128377.43圣马丁(荷属)GDP（现价美元）塞舌尔GDP（现价美元）12012025.2511592024.3612642026.5713923029.26阿拉伯叙利亚共和国GDP（现价美元）857704431.7945244992.211105658641200447429特克斯科斯群岛GDP（现价美元）乍得GDP（现价美元）313582727.6333975336.6357635713.9371767002.7东亚与太平洋地区 (IBRD与GDP（现价美元）80089041939703042933946442389540169762137030欧洲与中亚地区 (IBRD与ID GDP（现价美元）多哥GDP（现价美元）121128073.1126396469.7132237441.6143255784.5泰国GDP（现价美元）2760747472303404357433089127973540403457塔吉克斯坦GDP（现价美元）土库曼斯坦GDP（现价美元）拉丁美洲与加勒比海地区 (GDP（现价美元）76702247596810940882699282162188893431233349东帝汶GDP（现价美元）中东与北非地区 (IBRD与ID GDP（现价美元）汤加GDP（现价美元）南亚 (IBRD与IDA)GDP（现价美元）46639476637497497678355308787677459696720683撒哈拉以南非洲地区 (IBRD GDP（现价美元）29705433864308739618113345781052438357766238特立尼达和多巴哥GDP（现价美元）535670127.7584961208.7619319197.3678235373突尼斯GDP（现价美元）土耳其GDP（现价美元）139950678188022222222892222222210355555556图瓦卢GDP（现价美元）坦桑尼亚GDP（现价美元）乌干达GDP（现价美元）423008385.7441524109449012578.6516147798.7乌克兰GDP（现价美元）中高等收入国家GDP（现价美元）1.86712E+11 1.70152E+11 1.78342E+11 1.96667E+11乌拉圭GDP（现价美元）1242289239154738878117100044071539681491美国GDP（现价美元） 5.433E+11 5.633E+11 6.051E+11 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1584128262184940060025084212353070151901389383919046620537086265067858 1233991075143095133217587273952255496995275277104430765924313366368665 559477035961737128147870239461959696018010237343174964858322512344424764 322128019.3410669262.9541973362.5585364635.4767102679754549600.5765224030.6 782038097186713587331031576000012370029584130986339021534140366019470960619 1077152902123825169615289161851666544754196086346624125554263072427013 4007119730462718931850630351576578388621768664353579114176369186440943 69146584008135150892998770965011405957317130274152441378957990314206158675489914760.7576090073.77348879742.49039E+11 2.98667E+113.96867E+114.43619E+11 4.8878E+115.17788E+11 5.98226E+1145872947.41 19085681968232324118983073063889634160363583404744004734457584780849784281716 1666500000198740000023448000002925700000359920000039515000004587100000 50772223676761786387871510593013209713643155579342681772834737520971901273 1.36319E+11 1.54649E+11 1.94711E+11 2.1967E+11 2.46956E+11 2.50662E+11 2.8966E+113.00201E+11 3.30007E+114.2205E+115.91844E+116.34623E+11 6.92147E+117.73414E+114.52922E+115.62288E+117.41053E+118.53025E+119.33965E+11 1.02662E+12 1.2238E+121.13601E+12 1.3612E+12 1.7289E+121.95351E+122.28219E+12 2.37222E+12 2.68844E+12 27542202633185987235389175555265992594217731677257909192430511026346590 86092833469299638056100985346139228963225116321788691331598808314400806876 7.26493E+118.77638E+11 1.13934E+12 1.29203E+12 1.49823E+12 1.56354E+12 1.77841E+1246492797365589718066277842593489497009800115 1.14465E+11 1.18185E+11 1.3209E+11 9.66895E+11 1.15762E+12 1.46989E+12 1.65207E+12 1.92596E+12 1.99481E+12 2.25906E+12 12536710287147541365071948682698024867278714294945155973187317171933524682308 247749327.7316650509425963359.4558589870.9684268280.8694552411.7719533137.1 1.65967E+11 2.03494E+11 2.6443E+112.85552E+11 3.60832E+11 3.72319E+11 4.10279E+11381687073.1430508357.7722780701.11544216004215759293730094099712809349074 1.48114E+11 1.69965E+11 1.92538E+11 2.06131E+11 2.41757E+11 2.32615E+11 2.63066E+11 241710770821122929452465492958289440993828101063832765254237318942857155728608.975916154575187969.9295797533.46115182522.1112189468.5138094243.3 78540057.1487702828.5789374237.2998775328.95108985740.2112386489114971207.2 64946954.7665429198.2481203226.9194159862.71104295643.4103653049.9103987520.1 1459175568216885506818223478446492535130568228525872476311528404853617623311771494495.19 88570952.87106101175.7140153748.2169918948.6211194305.7240780413.6282269373 1984800000210130000025692001003161499900364590000043653002005480500200 282050000285380952.4307047619433954545.5494791666.7454440000449880000 2.67969E+12 3.10536E+12 3.76768E+12 4.26507E+12 4.72672E+12 5.14268E+12 5.82212E+12 4476001946571010742080301175569388663646100480223701287636600915719433719 7310000008029999509124999501034500000112400000013479999501669499950 346939258143758803616545379535692558167787776329884102967477906809796268931363628000003720000004668000005654000006814000008790000009470000005.76981E+116.49437E+118.35442E+11 1.05399E+12 1.13816E+12 1.24023E+12 1.40558E+126.58447E+117.34082E+119.32197E+11 1.18545E+12 1.29601E+12 1.40457E+12 1.58466E+12 816607503718504158570797569056424 1.32246E+11 1.58384E+11 1.65078E+11 1.80057E+11 29481798668329488862323502421106550863129688584989033157113283887174559322894 9333536360109975903611627325301225802409639304638554223726915662745808915663 53398236919529485575606403867894682782720584 1.02034E+1194202867417 1.06369E+116645256186670509913049843745416309819827685797159222024 1.01347E+11 1.19867E+1151043555006325627655749013254979063172539495166028946507840411261811100 13731801565171534632642708169824946209092073517762223506805529508080600122701 38653465354113848002513436777811516762614134585167631775482560119838130715 660321818.2827213233.611373377341492743372138603292116447557232175791271 670900000087715000001132175000016334250000153538333331517687500017365700000 1.24261E+11 1.44781E+11 1.74913E+11 1.98906E+11 2.26945E+11 2.23976E+11 2.56747E+11 1539865514187504886019059175532375096249286041128629660102303249697393 678241389788574629943700547.81197454207136303940017087349402096568479 2.40152E+11 3.18031E+11 4.32083E+11 4.79626E+11 5.21542E+11 5.86162E+117.21412E+111778391289210727915725021424442973309272325934493634745423924494378855969911421.4505549441.4702899156588443893.715278632.4818936526.9531710657.7385637174.3755081816.9941109617.538748059.44 19624746.4522944849.1224196018.3831514856.3133364055.330095602.2944496737.78 9889961112108422204691384188592119482038223217047520662977933884338265082645 38803704024451200973540829399913004774557120241382761313166894714135729588 1.39043E+11 1.60225E+11 2.02172E+11 2.66945E+11 3.12453E+11 3.53106E+11 3.84495E+1192235119.81 1.9568E+11 2.19832E+11 2.87871E+11 3.74062E+11 3.91687E+11 4.35138E+11 4.7823E+11 104888628.2124941925165930611.7193983720.5246387479.2272493879303496276.3 2369308600255393634828756250003574586466379129814635913198574104509583 1.73531E+11 1.84107E+11 2.19604E+11 2.80581E+11 3.0992E+11 3.34684E+11 3.83602E+11 5.9765E+11 6.71291E+118.38041E+11 1.06459E+12 1.21183E+12 1.3179E+12 1.48332E+12 76482102.9180915831.92121181556.2150846210.4149560513.9147654093.8193307267.7 3.57892E+11 4.10718E+11 5.21754E+11 6.1443E+11 6.75152E+117.36645E+118.55017E+111572310772196873302227018746643295861019323343161135442680253922895892 43566336635074117545624217779876754084868984824183958432330911049896742 327651488402460333.2523552815.1563939670.7711922994.2735339911.9811250927.4 1199507630134159068216530623471917508190228304923321818441942358930406 478790034355855437548478682336971 1.42794E+11 1.55906E+11 1.93632E+11 2.2447E+11 39200000000452000000005528000000072000000000880000000008902597402681814159292 5.67582E+11 6.3772E+117.98204E+11 1.0154E+12 1.15417E+12 1.25876E+12 1.41684E+12 430096738.4486617332.4563683660.3538747268.3830710615.2939227993.71049838493 264579879.8295118249.3345602025.4376094108.5474620439.6527936988.8625573345.5。

人均国民总收入(美元)GNI per Capita (USD)

ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
World Low Income
Least Developed Countries① Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Middle Income Lower Middle Income Upper Middle Income Low and Middle Income East Asia and Pacific Europe and Central Asia Latin America and Caribbean Middle East and North Africa South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa High Income Non-OECD Countries OECD Countries China Hong Kong, China Albania Algeria Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia
14370 440
2150 31630
3520 450
1100 960
2280 4430 3320 2870
350 90
380 880 28100 1630 310 340 5020 2050 550 110 750 4420 760 7010 18430 9210
470 2760 36140 3570
18200 20180
11770 7260 300
18980 2210 330 560 740
2450 2770 2260
350 210
960 19840
940 460 260 2250 1200 540 220 880 2340 730
9530
20720 26010

GDP国际比较方法及中美GDP相对变化趋势

GDP国际比较方法及中美GDP相对变化趋势作者：李兆辰韩天阔高宇宁来源：《贵州财经大学学报》2024年第01期摘要：GDP是衡量国家经济规模和世界经济格局的关键指标，然而在理论和实践中对于GDP国际比较方法尚未形成共识。

本文阐释了GDP国际比较的三类主要方法及各自的特点与局限，认为其本质差异在于转换因子的选择，在此基础上分析了中美GDP在1990～2020年的相对变化趋势，分别从总量视角和分产业分行业的结构视角进行分析。

研究发现，中国GDP 迅速追赶美国，尤其在制造业方面显著超越美国，但是不同方法测算的相对变动程度差异较大。

汇率法在计算上较为简便，但受到汇率波动等因素的影响较大；购买力平价法在原理上较为合理，但在操作性和可比性上较弱；替代法在数据上较为可靠，但理论依据和客观性较弱。

本研究深化了对于GDP国际比较方法理论本质的认识，测算了中美GDP总量和结构的相对变化趋势，可为进一步完善GDP国际比较方法提供借鉴。

关键词：国内生产总值；国际比较；购买力平价；经济增长；GDP文章编号：2095-5960（2024）01-0011-10；中图分类号：F113;F222；文献标识码：A一、引言国内生产总值（gross domestic product， GDP）是衡量国家经济规模最普遍应用的指标，对于认识和评价经济发展具有重要意义，反映了国家经济实力在国际格局中的相对位置。

［1］GDP是一国范围内、一定时期内生产的最终产品和劳务的价值总和，能够概要性地反映整个国家的经济发展历程。

作为一个具有综合性和直观性的指标，GDP在制定国内发展政策、分析世界经济发展格局和评价国家经济发展状况中，都发挥了难以替代的重要作用，是学术研究和政策实践的重要参考。

［2］现有文献对于开展GDP国际比较的方法尚未形成共识，对于不同方法存在较大差异的理论本质关注不足，且主要关注GDP总量而对GDP结构关注不足。

根据世界银行WDI数据库提供的数据，2020年中国按照汇率法计算的GDP仅相当于美国的70.30%，而按照购买力平价法计算的GDP相当于美国的115.90%。

中国GDP和美国GDP对黄金有什么影响？

GDP即国内生产总值(Gross Domestic Product，简称GDP)是指在一定时期内(一个季度或一年)，一个国家或地区的经济中所生产出的全部最终产品和劳务的价值，常被公认为衡量国家经济状况的最佳指标。

它不但可反映一个国家的经济表现，还可以反映一国的国力与财富。

通常GDP越高，意昧着经济发展越好，利率趋升，汇率趋强。

如果中国GDP走强，则会提升人民币升值，打压美元，黄金是美元挂钩的，美元下跌则从侧面利多黄金白银上涨；反之，则利空黄金白银下跌。

从消费角度上讲，GDP增长暗示国民人均的收入和消费水平有所增加，消费增加能刺激投资者购买黄金白银的兴趣，毕竟黄金白银本身也是商品。

因此，GDP基本上会从两方面影响黄金白银，一方面是汇率，另一方面是消费。

另外，如果是美国GDP增长，则由于其推升美元升值，导致以美元标价的黄金白银贬值，在一定程度上利空金银走势。

然而美国GDP增加也会刺激投资者消费增加，利多金银Y
中国GDP增长是完全在两方面：汇率和消费都利多金银走势的。

而美国GDP增长在汇率方面打压金银走势，在消费方面支撑金银走势，具体就要看消费引入的资金能否大于美元上涨打压的强度。

投资有风险，理财需谨慎，把握好投资力度，量力而行。

世界概况-各国历年通胀率

按 GDP 平减指数衡量的通货膨胀（年通胀率国家名称1961196219631964196519661日本7.79 4.20 5.51 5.33 5.14 4.972巴哈马 1.16 1.09 1.34 1.51 2.01 3.773帕劳4捷克共和国5萨摩亚6苏丹8.56 1.59 4.71 3.90-2.40 6.397图瓦卢8新加坡0.810.89 3.530.360.15 1.479瑞士10葡萄牙 1.410.680.57 2.01 3.87 5.2611德国12斯洛文尼亚13丹麦 4.31 6.64 5.77 4.617.44 6.8314中非共和国 4.64 4.89 4.677.54 5.04 4.4815瑞典 2.94 4.02 2.76 4.40 5.99 6.5516爱尔兰17多米尼加18荷兰 5.260.76 4.708.68 3.37 5.9819塞浦路斯20意大利 2.78 5.798.46 6.49 4.20 2.2321法国 3.40 4.67 6.41 4.15 2.73 2.8922西班牙 2.47 6.107.85 6.259.168.1723摩洛哥 1.91 4.40 6.49 3.97 3.39-0.9624马绍尔群岛25马耳他26欧洲联盟 2.86 3.93 3.41 4.50 4.50 4.3227斯洛伐克共和国28希腊 1.49 4.61 1.40 3.72 4.01 4.8529韩国14.1018.4528.4632.92 6.4213.9930波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那31比利时 1.32 1.67 3.03 4.64 5.10 4.0932圣文森特和格林纳丁斯 2.500.050.69 3.85 1.47 6.5633克罗地亚34圣卢西亚35高收入36安提瓜和巴布达37以色列8.618.917.69 5.44-1.39 8.7338奥地利 5.09 3.34 3.68 3.18 5.32 3.1239塞舌尔 1.460.60-0.00 4.38-49.42 3.2140联合王国 3.38 3.72 1.97 4.05 4.80 4.3241瓦努阿图42乍得 5.06 1.53 5.648.23 5.67 5.9843美国 1.23 1.37 1.06 1.51 1.88 2.9544马其顿，前南斯拉夫45智利7.4712.0243.9546.4141.1628.4946贝宁 1.04 3.78 2.55-0.36 2.06 1.1447基里巴斯48黑山49格林纳达50阿尔巴尼亚51冰岛13.2811.158.2316.1812.3110.44 52伯利兹 1.76 1.360.94 2.14 5.61 5.77 53波兰54塞内加尔 2.47 2.54 1.49 2.000.450.42 55加拿大0.46 1.41 2.06 2.60 3.36 4.98 56中国香港特区0.84-1.67 2.54 3.20-2.39 -4.21 57匈牙利0.98-0.59 -0.45 0.40-30.18 2.88 58尼日尔 3.39-0.84 0.76-0.72 8.08 4.96 59巴拿马0.690.46 2.23 2.730.64 1.34 60芬兰 5.34 3.97 5.157.18 5.02 4.72 61爱沙尼亚62多哥-6.95 0.72 3.17 1.46-2.32 5.74 63突尼斯-3.06 4.15 1.2010.77 1.53 64柬埔寨65佛得角66喀麦隆 5.06 3.11-0.26 4.42 2.750.19 67亚美尼亚68菲律宾 3.04 6.798.57 4.51 3.98 5.33 69泰国 3.700.54-1.17 2.68 4.328.25 70马里71毛里求斯72老挝人民民主共和国73莱索托 1.35 1.67 1.59 2.00 3.43 3.74 74哥斯达黎加 3.390.59 1.95 1.77-0.87 1.20 75秘鲁 3.10 4.62 5.6313.5013.019.16 76卢森堡-3.66 3.89 3.15 5.83 2.80 3.93 77科索沃78乌干达79马尔代夫80不丹81保加利亚82黎巴嫩83科特迪瓦 2.99 3.00 3.01 2.91 3.080.04 84科摩罗85斯威士兰86圣基茨和尼维斯87拉脱维亚0.59 88几内亚比绍89密克罗尼西亚联邦90世界 3.93 91哥伦比亚8.08 6.5823.4216.179.4414.96 92墨西哥 3.24 2.75 2.93 5.90 2.07 5.08 93危地马拉-1.08 2.590.81-1.68 -1.80 -1.00 95纳米比亚94中高收入96布基纳法索 1.90 2.01 5.15 1.81-0.66 2.30 97立陶宛98冈比亚99马来西亚-7.76 -1.34 -0.81 1.62 2.09-1.29 100萨尔瓦多-1.77 -0.87 1.310.82 1.28-1.18101中等收入102挪威 2.65 4.77 3.39 4.72 4.77 3.98 103澳大利亚 3.18-0.23 1.77 3.26 3.00 2.68 104孟加拉国 6.260.02 5.16-8.74 7.93 6.30 105约旦107多米尼加共和国-0.42 7.647.19 2.11-1.06 -2.36 108海地109低中等收入 3.87 110中国澳门特别行政区111巴西31.3078.8369.7793.8351.3839.41 112罗马尼亚113牙买加114索罗门群岛115摩尔多瓦116卢旺达7.12-7.97 13.5516.03 6.9636.86 117中国11.97-1.23 -1.93 0.64 2.21-1.67 119斯里兰卡-1.71 -1.37 1.64 2.480.24-1.80 118中等偏下收入 2.47 2.54 1.64 3.86 3.05 3.78 120乌拉圭18.4411.7819.9040.3362.1572.42 121印度 2.15 4.418.358.558.3013.27 122南非 1.260.59 3.33 1.700.32 4.39 123印尼13.46178.75145.85114.91229.241195.41 124坦桑尼亚125塞尔维亚126土耳其 4.75 5.37 6.42 2.34 3.98 6.28 127东帝汶128洪都拉斯 4.19 2.92 2.13 5.68 2.08 2.61 129收入低 2.29 1.13 3.62 2.25 4.03 3.85 130巴布亚新几内亚0.040.29 1.53 1.90 2.237.36 131格鲁吉亚-1.82 132汤加133马达加斯加 1.79 3.39 3.68 1.65 4.35 5.82 134土库曼斯坦135毛里塔尼亚0.69 2.43 4.46 4.53-2.07 4.14 136特里尼达和多巴哥-4.24 3.05 3.70-2.48 2.75-5.57 137蒙古138利比里亚-5.75 2.93 2.04 3.98-0.07 -1.00 139斐0.61 1.40-0.97 3.147.95 2.48 140厄瓜多尔 4.98 2.15 4.28 3.27 3.757.86 141巴拉圭7.5112.72 2.47 2.39 3.10 3.82 142尼泊尔 2.69 5.90 3.57 1.1912.8915.22 143莫桑比克144尼加拉瓜0.04-1.25 0.43 5.07 1.32 3.66 145阿拉伯埃及共和国0.170.40 2.43 6.28 3.05 4.61 146阿尔及利亚 3.47 2.350.55 1.70 1.50 1.82 147马拉维-0.47 4.20 5.67-0.59 3.710.21 148肯尼亚8.660.02-1.88 2.69-2.05 1.71 149刚果共和国 6.29 4.257.77 3.86 3.0310.03 150圣多美和普林西比151加纳 3.40 1.96 6.779.9317.028.15 152布隆迪20.08-3.57 4.69 5.42-1.03 3.15153刚果民主。

国际货币基金组织(IMF)公布《2018年度世界各国GDP-包含致2023年预测值》.xlsx

Country Subject Descriptor Units Afghanistan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Albania Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Algeria Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Angola Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Antigua and Barbuda Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Argentina Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Armenia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Aruba Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Australia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Austria Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Azerbaijan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars The Bahamas Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Bahrain Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Bangladesh Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Barbados Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Belarus Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Belgium Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Belize Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Benin Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Bhutan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Bolivia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Bosnia and Herzegovina Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Botswana Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Brazil Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Brunei Darussalam Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Bulgaria Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Burkina Faso Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Burundi Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Cabo Verde Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Cambodia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Cameroon Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Canada Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollarsGross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Central African RepublicChad Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Chile Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars China Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Colombia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Comoros Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollarsGross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Democratic Republic of tRepublic of Congo Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Costa Rica Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars C魌e d'Ivoire Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Croatia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Cyprus Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Czech Republic Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Denmark Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Djibouti Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Dominica Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Dominican Republic Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Ecuador Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Egypt Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollarsEthiopia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Fiji Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Finland Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars France Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Gabon Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars The Gambia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Georgia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Germany Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Ghana Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Greece Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Grenada Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Guatemala Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Guinea Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Guinea-Bissau Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Guyana Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Haiti Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Honduras Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Hong Kong SAR Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Hungary Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Iceland Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars India Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Indonesia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollarsGross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Islamic Republic of IranIraq Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Ireland Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Israel Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Italy Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Jamaica Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Japan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Jordan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Kazakhstan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Kenya Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Kiribati Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Korea Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Kosovo Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Kuwait Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Kyrgyz Republic Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Lao P.D.R.Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Latvia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Lebanon Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Lesotho Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Liberia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Libya Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Lithuania Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Luxembourg Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Macao SAR Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars FYR Macedonia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Madagascar Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Malawi Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollarsMauritania Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Mauritius Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Mexico Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Micronesia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Moldova Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Mongolia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Montenegro Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Morocco Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Mozambique Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Myanmar Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Namibia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Nauru Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Nepal Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Netherlands Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars New Zealand Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Nicaragua Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Niger Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Nigeria Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Norway Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Oman Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Pakistan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Palau Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Panama Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Papua New Guinea Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Paraguay Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Peru Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Philippines Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Poland Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Portugal Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Puerto Rico Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Qatar Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Romania Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Russia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Rwanda Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Samoa Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars San Marino Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars S鉶 Tom?and Pr韓cipe Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Saudi Arabia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Senegal Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Serbia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Seychelles Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Sierra Leone Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Singapore Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Slovak Republic Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Slovenia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Solomon Islands Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Somalia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars South Africa Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars South Sudan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollarsSt. Vincent and the GrenGross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Sudan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Suriname Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Sweden Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Switzerland Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Syria Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollarsGross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Taiwan Province of ChinaTajikistan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Tanzania Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Thailand Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Timor-Leste Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Togo Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Tonga Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Trinidad and Tobago Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Tunisia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Turkey Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Turkmenistan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Tuvalu Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Uganda Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Ukraine Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars United Arab Emirates Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars United Kingdom Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars United States Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Uruguay Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Uzbekistan Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Vanuatu Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Venezuela Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Vietnam Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Yemen Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Zambia Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars Zimbabwe Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2018Scale Country/Series-specific NotesBillions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency). 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Billions See notes for: Gross domestic product, current prices (National currency).198019811982198319841985198619871988 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a1.9462.229 2.296 2.319 2.29 2.339 2.587 2.566 2.5342.34644.37244.7847.52951.51361.13261.53563.351.6647.258 6.793 6.7937.0797.5049.2458.6569.89410.7330.1310.1480.1640.1820.2080.2410.290.3370.399 226.569184.01491.376112.721126.56395.593114.949117.854138.044 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/an/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 162.639188.081186.722179.164196.791174.079181.16212.727270.61480.92470.12270.11171.03367.00768.62497.375121.771133.592 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a2.598 2.6923.031 3.373 3.603 3.9234.241 4.669 4.8553.5934.056 4.264 4.368 4.534 4.278 3.347 3.626 4.48122.63222.05720.19721.16524.06424.75625.95428.63330.9041.018 1.12 1.171 1.243 1.355 1.418 1.557 1.714 1.823 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 124.139102.79290.4485.49281.67284.92117.689146.189158.9430.1720.1790.1790.1890.2110.2090.2280.2670.3151.685 1.14 1.1280.999 1.065 1.156 1.49 1.778 1.8670.1270.1370.1440.1560.1610.1670.1890.2290.2623.589 3.44 3.813 3.609 3.7524.059 3.97 4.323 4.598 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a1.175 1.038 1.095 1.21 1.201 1.118 1.5162.3763.084 145.767167.523179.102143.601142.906226.858263.163286.438319.991 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a4.434 2.704 3.105 2.95524.97426.93728.09428.8730.66826.25823.23926.93844.0222.121 1.846 1.719 1.571 1.404 1.553 2.036 2.37 2.6160.9510.989 1.045 1.106 1.005 1.17 1.233 1.161 1.0880.1570.1540.1550.1520.1450.1520.210.260.292 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a0.2050.1410.2768.1939.2818.9018.9729.4829.90312.90914.95215.184 275.035306.213313.498340.543355.382364.761377.438431.319507.3510.7140.7430.7190.690.670.883 1.158 1.275 1.3720.7380.8730.8440.8440.9070.983 1.211 1.372 1.60428.82934.13325.4520.67320.10417.23818.53121.85625.765 305.348290.827286.719307.677316.628312.616303.34330.303411.92346.34250.48854.06753.73653.07548.41548.48150.46754.4060.1520.1330.1260.1220.1180.120.1620.1960.20768.60659.72664.93952.37834.95131.94335.8433.93239.3142.083 1.708 1.489 1.354 1.245 1.276 1.746 2.121 2.2574.836 2.626 2.609 3.15 3.664 3.926 4.408 4.537 4.61810.048.3217.466 6.737 6.717 6.8519.1710.08810.195 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a2.314 2.242 2.319 2.321 2.447 2.6113.317 3.9794.589 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a71.12761.87860.41360.64559.10562.65888.079109.414115.552 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a0.0730.0820.090.0990.1090.1190.1350.1520.1718.6729.6989.1419.46114.87 6.4967.8918.3057.60516.8417.24317.21415.12916.10118.8313.81612.9112.27723.52325.7630.47937.25441.88848.84154.07677.35992.53。

美国主要经济指标解读与公布时间

美国主要经济指标解读与公布时间:由于美圆在外汇市场中的地位，以及绝大多数的外汇交易都是以美圆为中心的交易等原因，美国的经济数据在汇市中最为引人注目。

以下是一些重要经济指标的理论上的观察方法和结论，但在实际运用中情况会复杂得多：1.国内生产总值（GDP）：是指某一国在一定时期其境内生产的全部最终产品和服务的总值。

反映一个国家总体经济形势的好坏，与经济增长密切相关，被大多数西方经济学家视为“最富有综合性的经济动态指标”。

主要由消费、私人投资、政府支出、净出口额四部分组成。

数据稳定增长，表明经济蓬勃发展，国民收入增加，有利于美圆汇率；反之，则利淡。

一般情况下，如果GDP连续两个季度下降，则被视为衰退。

此数据每季度由美国商务部进行统计，分为初值、修正值、终值。

一般在每季度末的某日北京时间21：30公布前一个季度的终值。

2.工业生产（INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION）：指某国工业生产部门在一定时间内生产的全部工业产品的总价值。

在国内生产总值中占有很大比重。

由于工业部门雇佣了大量工人，其变动对整个国民经济有着重大影响，与汇率呈正相关。

尤其以制造业为代表。

此数据由美联储统计并在每月15日左右晚间21：15或22；15发布。

3.失业率（UNEMPLOYMENT RATE）：经济发展的晴雨表，与经济周期密切相关。

数据上升说明经济发展受阻，反之则看好。

对于大多数西方国家来说，失业率在4%左右为正常水平，但如果超过9%，则说明经济处于衰退。

此数据由美国劳工部编制，每月第一个周五21：30公布。

4.贸易赤字（TRADE DIFICIT）：国际间的贸易是构成经济活动的重要环节。

当一国出口大于进口时称为贸易顺差；反之，称逆差。

美国的贸易数据一直处于逆差状态，重点是在赤字的扩大或缩小。

赤字扩大不利于美圆，反之则有利。

此数据由美国商务部编制，每月中、下旬某日晚间21：30公布前一个月数字。

5.经常项目收支：经常帐为一国收支表上的主要项目，内容记载一国与外国包括因为商品/劳务进出口、投资所得、其他商品与劳务所得以及片面转移等因素所产生的资金流出与流入的状况。

国外银发经济发展：现状、成因与科技创新

国外银发经济发展：现状、成因与科技创新目录一、内容概览 (2)二、国外银发经济发展现状 (2)1. 银发经济发展概述 (3)1.1 定义与背景 (5)1.2 全球银发经济的重要性 (5)1.3 国外银发经济发展的总体趋势 (6)2. 不同国家银发经济发展状况 (8)2.1 欧洲银发经济发展 (8)2.2 北美银发经济发展 (10)2.3 日本银发经济发展 (11)2.4 其他国家银发经济发展状况 (12)三、国外银发经济成因分析 (13)1. 人口结构变化 (15)1.1 人口老龄化趋势 (16)1.2 人口结构变化对银发经济的影响 (17)2. 消费需求转变 (18)2.1 老年人群体的消费特点 (19)2.2 消费需求转变推动银发产业发展 (20)3. 政策扶持与鼓励 (21)3.1 政府政策支持银发经济发展 (22)3.2 相关法律法规保障银发市场运行 (23)四、国外银发科技创新与应用 (24)1. 智能化养老产品与服务创新 (26)1.1 智能穿戴设备在养老领域的应用 (27)1.2 智能家居与养老服务机器人 (28)2. 互联网与医疗健康结合推动银发经济发展 (29)2.1 远程医疗与健康管理的普及与应用 (30)2.2 互联网医疗服务平台的优势与发展趋势 (32)3. 新技术在提高银发生活质量中的应用与创新点研究展望等 (33)一、内容概览随着全球人口老龄化趋势的加剧，银发经济发展已成为国际社会关注的焦点。

本文档将对国外银发经济发展的现状、成因以及科技创新进行深入分析，以期为相关政策制定和产业发展提供有益参考。

我们将梳理国外银发经济发展的现状，包括各国政府在应对老龄化问题方面的政策措施、银发产业的市场规模、就业状况等方面的数据。

通过对这些数据的分析，我们可以了解国外银发经济发展的基本情况，为后续研究提供基础。

我们将探讨国外银发经济发展的成因，主要从人口结构、社会保障体系、家庭观念等方面进行分析。

OECD中期报告下调多数发达国家GDP预期

周四(9月6日)欧市盘中，西班牙拍卖西班牙拍卖35亿欧元国债，接近目标区间上端，收益率下降但认购倍数也降，欧元兑美元震荡于1.2620附近。
西班牙拍卖6.82亿欧元2014年4月到期国债，最高收益率2.946%，上次为4.791%；认购倍数为2.0。
西班牙拍卖14.27亿欧元2015年7月到期国债，最高收益率3.774%，上次为5.197%；认购倍数为1.8，前次为2.3。
据美国政府公布的数据显示，目前墨西哥湾原油产能中有68万桶/日仍然未能上线，该水平仅略低于该地区全部产能的一半。而截至周三(9月5日)，因风暴影响所抑制的产出总量达到了1120万桶。
日内北京时间23:00的EIA的库存数据还将公布，投资者亦密切关注。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
对于伊朗问题，国际原子能组织(IAEA)公布了一系列卫星照片，其中清晰显示该国在接受国际组织核计划审查前夕对相关设施进行过清理。
同时，澳洲国民银行(NAB)分析师则表示，欧洲央行所公布的危机应对细节将会成为油价的新一轮指引，而美联储(FED)对第三轮量化宽松(QE)的暗示同样如是。两项结果都将造成市场较大波动。
此外，早些时候公布的美国石油学会(API)库存数据显示，上周原油库存下滑720万桶，预期为下降530万桶。该数据揭示了艾萨克飓风对美国石油供给造成的影响。
周四(9月6日)欧市盘中，经济合作与发展组织(OECD)发布中期经济展望，预计G7经济体2012年GDP将增长1.4%，第四季度料恢复增长动能。欧元兑美元震荡于1.2610附近，美元指数震荡于81.15附近。
OECD下调大部分发达经济体经济增长预期，仅上调日本2012年GDP预期，至增长2.2%。OECD报告称，下调2012年英国GDP预期至萎缩0.7%；下调德国至增长0.9%；下调意大利至增长2.4%；下调法国至增长0.1%；下调加拿大至增长1.9%；下调美国至增长2.3%。

国际收支与外汇

• IMF作了如下规定：自然人居民，指那些在本国居住时间长达一年以上的个人，但官方外交使节、驻外军事人员等一律是所在国的非居民；法人居民，指在本国从事经济活动的各级政府机构、非盈利团体和企业。
• 跨国公司的母公司和子公司分别是所在国居民。
• 国际性机构如联合国、国际货币基金组织等是任何国家的非居民。
国内政策法定准备金率
再贴现率
• 本国扩张性的货币政策公开市场业务
金融和资本账户
经常账户
• 本国扩张的财政政策税率
需求
政府支出
经常账户
国际收支不平衡的影响
逆差
顺差
国际收支失衡的政策性调节措施
融资(financing)或弥补(accommodation)
• 一国政府当局运用官方储备的变动或临时向外筹借资金来抵消国际收支失衡所造成的超额外汇需求或外汇供给
偶发性失衡
一些偶发性的因素也会导致一些国家的国际收支失衡，如政局动荡、战争、债务危机、金融危机等。政局动荡与战争是最大的国际投资风险，如2003年的美伊战争使俄国、法国等许多国家在伊的利益损失巨大。因此，一国政局动荡的时期往往世界各国的投资者都唯恐避之不及，随着资本的大量流出，该国的国际收支必然面临着失衡。
• 国际收支平衡表（Balance of Payments Statement）是一国对其一定时期内的国际经济交易，根据交易的特性和经济分析的需要，分类设置科目和帐户（account），并按复式簿记的原理进行系统记录的报表。
• IMF规定各会员国必须定期报送其国际收支平衡表，并汇总后定期发表在《国际金融统计》上。
有关国际收支概念的几点说明
• 经济交易 • 居民和非居民 • 国际收支和国际借贷

美国主要经济数据详解和公布时间

美国主要经济数据详解和公布时间美国是世界经济中最重要的组成部分，其经济的好坏将对全球经济的稳定和发展产生巨大的影响，为此研究分析美国经济指标是我们了解世界经济形势一个有效手段，也是黄金价格短期波动的最主要影响因素。

美国公布的经济指标主要包括了以下几大部分内容：国民收入和生产、工业生产和订单、固定资本投资与建筑、就业与失业、国内贸易和商品库存、综合商品价格。

以下我们将就其中一些重要指标进行简要分析。

1、国内生产总值一国的国内生产总值，是该国各个经济部门在一定时期(一年或者一季)内所生产的没有扣除资本消费(Capital consumption)的全部商品和劳务总值。

所谓的资本消费指的是固定资本折旧。

也即是指不论谁在该国拥有生产资产，其产出均应计入该国的国内生产总值。

例如：外国公司在美国设立子公司，即使将营利汇回其位于其它国家的母公司，其营利仍是美国GDP的一部份。

GDP是代表一个国家境内的全部经济活动，反应经济增长的基本情况，用以分析经济发展目前是处于何种状态。

GDP增速加快表明经济处于扩张阶段，对生产资料的消费需求会增加。

实质GDP是每季数据，第一季的先期报告(advance)公布于四月底，其余各季分别公布于七月、十月与隔年的一月。

对于任何一季的报告，第一次修正报告称为“初步”(preliminary)，第二次修正报告称为“修正后”(revised)或“最终”(final)。

2、工业生产指数工业生产指数(Industrial production index)是衡量制造业、矿业与公共事业的实质产出重要的经济指标，工作生产指数是反应一个国家经济周期变化的主要标志。

工业生产指数由美国联邦准备银行(Federal Reserve Board)搜集资料,其引用数据不是确实生产数据,绝大部分是估计数据(因资料搜集不易)。

样本为250家个别企业,代表27种不同的工业,以1987年为基期。

内容有三种不同类别(1)所有工业:(2)市场分类：包括最终产品、中产品和原料市场;(3)工业类别：包括制造业(耐用品与非耐用品)、矿业及公用事业。

《财富之眼：用经济思维看清世界》札记

《财富之眼：用经济思维看清世界》阅读随笔目录一、内容概括 (2)1.1 本书的目的和背景 (3)1.2 经济思维的重要性 (3)二、经济思维的基本概念 (5)2.1 经济思维的定义 (7)2.2 经济思维与日常生活的联系 (8)三、财富的本质与创造 (9)3.1 财富的定义与形态 (11)3.2 财富的创造过程 (12)四、供需关系与价格机制 (13)4.1 需求与供给的关系 (14)4.2 价格机制在资源配置中的作用 (15)五、成本收益分析 (17)5.1 成本的概念与分类 (18)5.2 收益的计算与分析 (19)六、市场机制与政府干预 (20)6.1 市场机制的作用与局限性 (21)6.2 政府干预的必要性及方式 (23)七、宏观经济指标及其应用 (24)7.1 GDP及其意义 (26)7.2 通货膨胀与失业率 (27)八、金融体系与金融市场 (28)8.1 金融体系的构成与功能 (30)8.2 金融市场的作用与风险 (31)九、国际贸易与投资 (33)9.1 国际贸易的基本原理 (34)9.2 投资理论与实践 (35)十、经济增长与发展战略 (36)10.1 经济增长的意义与因素 (37)10.2 发展战略的选择与实施 (38)十一、结论与展望 (40)11.1 本书的主要观点总结 (41)11.2 对未来经济发展的展望 (42)一、内容概括在复杂多变的世界中，我们时常被各种经济现象所迷惑。

为了更好地理解这个世界，许多人开始转向经济学，试图通过经济思维来洞察一切。

《财富之眼：用经济思维看清世界》一书正是这样一本引导我们走进经济世界的优秀读物。

本书以浅显易懂的语言，阐述了经济学的核心原理和概念，如供需关系、价格机制、货币政策等。

这些原理看似抽象，但却深刻地影响着我们的生活。

通过学习这些原理，我们可以更好地理解市场动态，把握投资机会，从而在财富的道路上取得更好的成绩。

书中还结合丰富的案例，分析了各种经济现象背后的原因和影响。

什么是GDP

什么是GDP目录Gdp (1)简介 (2)国内生产总值的核算方法 (3)GDP的确定 (11)GDP指标分析 (13)GDP数据增长原理的前提条件 (14)GDP概念有待修正 (15)中国历年GDP-中国历年人均GDP (17)世界历年GDP及排名 (26)GDP与汇率: (50)GDP与银行利率的关系 (52)简介GDP即英文gross domestic product的缩写，也就是国内生产总值,（港台地区有翻译为国内生产茂额、本地生产总值）。

通常对GDP的定义为：一定时期内（一个季度或一年），一个国家或地区的经济中所生产出的全部最终产品和提供劳务的市场价值的总值。

在经济学中，常用GDP和GNI（国民总收入，gross national Income）共同来衡量该国或地区的经济发展综合水平通用的指标。

这也是目前各个国家和地区常采用的衡量手段。

GDP是宏观经济中最受关注的经济统计数字，因为它被认为是衡量国民经济发展情况最重要的一个指标。

一般来说，国内生产总值有三种形态，即价值形态、收入形态和产品形态。

从价值形态看，它是所有常驻单位在一定时期内生产的全部货物和服务价值与同期投入的全部非固定资产货物和服务价值的差额，即所有常驻单位的增加值之和；从收入形态看，它是所有常驻单位在一定时期内直接创造的收入之和；从产品形态看，它是货物和服务最终使用减去货物和服务进口。

GDP反映的是国民经济各部门的增加值的总额。

对于这一概念的理解，应该注意以下几个问题：第一，国内生产总值是用最终产品来计量的，即最终产品在该时期的最终出售价值。

一般根据产品的实际用途，可以把产品分为中间产品和最终产品。

所谓最终产品，是指在一定时期内生产的可供人们直接消费或者使用的物品和服务。

这部分产品已经到达生产的最后阶段，不能再作为原料或半成品投入其他产品和劳务的生产过程中去，如消费品、资本品等。

中间产品是指为了再加工或者转卖用于供别种产品生产使用的物品和劳务，如原材料、燃料等。

计量经济学(庞皓)_课后习题答案

Yˆ2005 = −3.611151 + 0.134582 × 3600 = 480.884 （亿元）
区间预测：
∑ 平均值为：
xi2
=
σ
2 x
(n
−1)
=
587.26862
× (12
−1)
=
3793728.494
( X f 1 − X )2 = (3600 − 917.5874)2 = 7195337.357
1.138
18
2.98
1.092
试建立曲线回归方程 yˆ = a ebx （ Yˆ = ln a + b x ）并进行计量分析。
2.7 为研究美国软饮料公司的广告费用 X 与销售数量 Y 的关系,分析七种主要品牌软饮
料公司的有关数据2(见表 8-1)
表 8-1
美国软饮料公司广告费用与销售数量
品牌名称
449.2889
1994
74.3992
615.1933
1995
88.0174
795.6950
1996
131.7490
950.0446
1997
144.7709
1130.0133
1998
164.9067
1289.0190
1999
184.7908
1436.0267
2000
225.0212
1665.4652
2 i
=
3134543
∑Yi2 = 539512
（1）作销售额对价格的回归分析，并解释其结果。（2）回归直线未解释的销售变差部分是多少？
∑ XiYi = 1296836
2.9 表中是中国 1978 年-1997 年的财政收入 Y 和国内生产总值 X 的数据:

为什么GDP是国家经济状况的晴雨表？

为什么GDP是国家经济状况的晴雨表？GDP（国内生产总值）是一个国家或地区，所有常住单位在一定时期内，所生产和提供的最终产品和劳务价值总和。

说白了，就是一个国家或地区一年内创造的新的物质财富。

GDP被誉为经济的世界语，它也是衡量一个国家经济状况的最直观的晴雨表。

在我们已经知道的所有的经济指标中，GDP是最基本也是最重要的一个。

美国商业部长威廉·戴利说过：“当我们要寻找商务部的先驱们创造的对美国影响最伟大的成就的时候，国民经济账户，今天称之国内生产总值或GDP 的发明则当之无愧。

”而保罗·萨缪尔森更是总结说：“GDP是20世纪最伟大的发现之一。

”在他看来，与太空中的卫星能够描述整个大陆的天气情况非常相似，GDP能够提供经济状况的完整图像，帮助总统、国会和联邦储备委员会判断经济是在萎缩还是在膨胀，是需要刺激还是需要控制，是处于严重衰退还是处于通胀威胁之中。

没有像GDP一样的灯塔般的总量指标，政策制定者就会陷入杂乱无章的数字海洋而不知所措。

最近20多年，我国比世界上任何其他地方都更关注GDP，追逐GDP。

我国发展的重大战略目标（如翻两番，达小康等）都与GDP挂上了钩，国家战略目标的确定，以及相应采取的财政政策、金融政策，都和对GDP的判断有关。

作为中国经济的第一指标，GDP 名副其实。

那么，GDP究竟该如何统计呢？经济学家确定GDP最普遍的方法是，核算给定年度内全国境内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值。

那么实际中的GDP如何统计呢？让我们从下面这个家具的例子开始：某林场每年采伐大量树木，并将木材以1000元每米的价格卖给家具公司；接下来，家具公司将木材截取，打磨抛光后制成家具，然后以2500元的价格卖给家具零售商。

最后，家具零售商再赚500元，以3000元的价格卖给消费者。

那么我们来算一下，在这个过程中，共创造了多少GDP呢？你可能会将每一项交易的价格累积起来1000＋2500＋3000＝6500元，但是这样的结果夸大了实际的产出，因为它将木材的价值计算了三次，而将木工工作的价值计算了两次。

8656165_国内国际要闻

2014年第43期10月汇丰服务业PMI 环比回落至52.9汇丰日前公布数据，10月汇丰制造业PMI 终值持平于初值的50.4%，较上月略有回升。

而国家统计局公布的10月官方PMI 为50.8%，较上月回落0.3%，中国10月汇丰服务业PMI 为52.9，9月数据为53.5。

10月汇丰与官方PMI 的走势背离表现为：汇丰PMI10月终值显示外需改善，但官方PMI 暗示内需动力不足。

10月化工价格快速下行10月份，国内化工市场快速下行，化工行业价格指数从月初的883点下跌至860点，一个月内下跌23个点。

酸碱板块、聚氨酯板块、钾肥、氟化工板块涨幅较大；下跌产品中，主要包括芳烃、烯烃、烷烃、维生素等板块，在国际原油的弱势影响下，跌幅超过10%的品种较9月份增加1个。

10月份钢铁业PMI 反弹至46%在钢铁PMI 连续两月下降之后，近日中物联公布最新钢铁业PMI 指数显示，10月份钢铁业PMI 为46.0%，环比9月回升2.4个百分点；行业整体形势呈现小幅改善趋势。

物联报告认为，PMI 回升显示出目前行业有小幅转好迹象。

同时四季度稳增长的力度将逐渐增强，短期内钢价有望小幅上升。

中国版”马歇尔计划”浮出水面中国计划设立一只规模达千亿元的基金，为“中国版马歇尔计划”助力。

消息称，这只基金规模料达1002亿人民币，主要为“新丝绸之路”中的基础设施建设筹措资金。

其投资重点区域集中在六省六港：新疆、江苏、浙江、福建、广东、广西；连云港、宁波港、泉州、厦门、广州、北部湾。

美9月贸易赤字达四个月来新高消息称，因出口下降，美9月贸易赤字增加了7.6%，达430亿美元，为5月以来最高。

9月出口下降了1.5%，为1956亿美元，为4月以来最低。

出口下降的产品包括工业品、资本设备、汽车及消费用品。

9月进口与8月持平，为2386亿美元。

全球经济疲软或将影响美第四季度经济增长。

日本股市创7年新高日本股市经历了一轮暴跌后一飞冲天创出多年新高。

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AddedBelgium Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Belgium Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E)Belgium Manufacturing (ISIC D)Belgium Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Belgium Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Belgium Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Belize Total Value AddedBermuda Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Bermuda Construction (ISIC F)Bolivia General government final consumption expendi Bolivia Total Value AddedBosnia and Herzegovina Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Bosnia and Herzegovina Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Bosnia and Herzegovina Manufacturing (ISIC D)Bosnia and Herzegovina Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Bosnia and Herzegovina Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Bosnia and Herzegovina Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Bosnia and Herzegovina Total Value AddedBotswana General government final consumption expendi Brazil Total Value AddedBritish Virgin Islands Total Value AddedBrunei Darussalam Gross capital formationBrunei Darussalam Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Brunei Darussalam Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Brunei Darussalam Manufacturing (ISIC D)Brunei Darussalam Construction (ISIC F)Brunei Darussalam Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Brunei Darussalam Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Brunei Darussalam Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Brunei Darussalam Total Value AddedBulgaria Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Bulgaria Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Bulgaria Manufacturing (ISIC D)Bulgaria Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Bulgaria Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Bulgaria Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Burkina Faso Total Value AddedCambodia Total Value AddedCameroon Total Value AddedCanada Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Canada Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Canada Manufacturing (ISIC D)Canada Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Canada Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Canada Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Cayman Islands Total Value AddedChile Total Value AddedChina Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) China Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) China Manufacturing (ISIC D)China Construction (ISIC F)China Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels (China Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) China Other Activities (ISIC J-P)China Total Value AddedChina: Hong Kong SAR Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) China: Hong Kong SAR Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) China: Hong Kong SAR Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( China: Hong Kong SAR Other Activities (ISIC J-P)China: Hong Kong SAR Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Colombia General government final consumption expendi Cook Islands Manufacturing (ISIC D)Cook Islands Total Value AddedCook Islands Total Value AddedCosta Rica Total Value AddedCôte d'Ivoire General government final consumption expendi Croatia Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Croatia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Croatia Manufacturing (ISIC D)Croatia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Croatia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Croatia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Cuba General government final consumption expendi Curaçao Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Curaçao Total Value AddedCyprus Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Cyprus Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Cyprus Manufacturing (ISIC D)Cyprus Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Cyprus Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Cyprus Other Activities (ISIC J-P)D.R. of the Congo Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( D.R. of the Congo Other Activities (ISIC J-P)D.R. of the Congo Total Value AddedDenmark Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Denmark Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Denmark Manufacturing (ISIC D)Denmark Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Denmark Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Denmark Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Djibouti Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Djibouti Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Djibouti Total Value AddedDjibouti Total Value AddedDominica Total Value AddedDominican Republic Total Value AddedEgypt Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Egypt Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Egypt Total Value AddedEl Salvador Total Value AddedEl Salvador Total Value AddedEquatorial Guinea Manufacturing (ISIC D)Estonia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Estonia Manufacturing (ISIC D)Estonia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Estonia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Estonia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Ethiopia Total Value AddedFinland Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Finland Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Finland Manufacturing (ISIC D)Finland Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Finland Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Finland Other Activities (ISIC J-P)France Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) France Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) France Manufacturing (ISIC D)France Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( France Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) France Other Activities (ISIC J-P)French Polynesia Manufacturing (ISIC D)French Polynesia Total Value AddedGambia Total Value AddedGeorgia Total Value AddedGermany Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Germany Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Germany Manufacturing (ISIC D)Germany Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Germany Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Germany Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Greece Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Greece Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Greece Manufacturing (ISIC D)Greece Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Greece Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Greece Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Grenada Total Value AddedGuatemala Total Value AddedGuinea Total Value AddedGuinea-Bissau Total Value AddedGuyana Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Guyana Total Value AddedHonduras Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Honduras Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Honduras Total Value AddedHungary Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Hungary Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Hungary Manufacturing (ISIC D)Hungary Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Hungary Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Hungary Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Iceland Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Iceland Manufacturing (ISIC D)Iceland Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Iceland Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Iceland Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Indonesia Total Value AddedIraq Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Iraq Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E)Iraq Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E)Iraq Manufacturing (ISIC D)Iraq Manufacturing (ISIC D)Iraq Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Iraq Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Iraq Total Value AddedIreland Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Ireland Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Ireland Manufacturing (ISIC D)Ireland Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Ireland Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Ireland Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Israel Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Israel Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Israel Manufacturing (ISIC D)Israel Manufacturing (ISIC D)Israel Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Israel Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Israel Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Italy Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Italy Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E)Italy Manufacturing (ISIC D)Italy Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Italy Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Italy Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Jamaica Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Jamaica Total Value AddedJapan Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Japan Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Japan Manufacturing (ISIC D)Japan Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Japan Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Japan Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Jordan General government final consumption expendi Jordan Total Value AddedKazakhstan Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Kazakhstan Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Kazakhstan Manufacturing (ISIC D)Kazakhstan Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Kazakhstan Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Kazakhstan Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Kazakhstan Total Value AddedKenya Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Kenya Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Kenya Manufacturing (ISIC D)Kenya Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Kenya Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Kenya Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Kenya Total Value AddedKiribati Manufacturing (ISIC D)Kiribati Total Value AddedKiribati Total Value AddedKosovo Total Value AddedKuwait Total Value AddedKyrgyzstan Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Kyrgyzstan Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Kyrgyzstan Manufacturing (ISIC D)Kyrgyzstan Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Kyrgyzstan Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Kyrgyzstan Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Kyrgyzstan Total Value AddedLao People's DR Total Value AddedLatvia Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Latvia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Latvia Manufacturing (ISIC D)Latvia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Latvia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Latvia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Lebanon Changes in inventoriesLebanon Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Lebanon Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Lebanon Manufacturing (ISIC D)Lebanon Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Lebanon Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Lebanon Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Lesotho Total Value AddedLiberia Total Value AddedLibya Total Value AddedLiechtenstein Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Liechtenstein Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Liechtenstein Manufacturing (ISIC D)Liechtenstein Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Liechtenstein Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Liechtenstein Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Liechtenstein Total Value AddedLithuania Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Lithuania Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Lithuania Manufacturing (ISIC D)Lithuania Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Lithuania Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Lithuania Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Luxembourg Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Luxembourg Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Luxembourg Manufacturing (ISIC D)Luxembourg Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Luxembourg Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Luxembourg Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Madagascar Total Value AddedMalawi Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Malawi Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Malawi Manufacturing (ISIC D)Malawi Manufacturing (ISIC D)Malawi Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Malawi Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Malawi Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Maldives Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Maldives Total Value AddedMaldives Total Value AddedMali Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E)Mali Manufacturing (ISIC D)Mali Total Value AddedMalta Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Malta Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Malta Manufacturing (ISIC D)Malta Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Malta Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Malta Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Marshall Islands Total Value AddedMarshall Islands Total Value AddedMauritania Total Value AddedMauritius Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Mauritius Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Mauritius Manufacturing (ISIC D)Mauritius Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Mauritius Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Mauritius Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Mexico Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Mexico Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Mexico Manufacturing (ISIC D)Mexico Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Mexico Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Mexico Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Micronesia (FS of)Total Value AddedMonaco Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Monaco Manufacturing (ISIC D)Monaco Manufacturing (ISIC D)Monaco Manufacturing (ISIC D)Monaco Construction (ISIC F)Monaco Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Monaco Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Monaco Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I)Monaco Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Monaco Total Value AddedMongolia Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Mongolia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Mongolia Manufacturing (ISIC D)Mongolia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Mongolia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Mongolia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Mongolia Total Value AddedMontenegro Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Montenegro Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Montenegro Manufacturing (ISIC D)Montenegro Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Montenegro Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Montenegro Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Montenegro Total Value AddedMontserrat Total Value AddedMorocco Total Value AddedMozambique Total Value AddedMyanmar Exports of goods and servicesMyanmar Imports of goods and servicesMyanmar Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Myanmar Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Myanmar Manufacturing (ISIC D)Myanmar Construction (ISIC F)Myanmar Construction (ISIC F)Myanmar Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Myanmar Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Myanmar Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Myanmar Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Myanmar Total Value AddedNamibia Total Value AddedNamibia Total Value AddedNauru Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Nauru Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Nauru Manufacturing (ISIC D)Nauru Construction (ISIC F)Nauru Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Nauru Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Nauru Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Nauru Total Value AddedNepal Total Value AddedNetherlands Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Netherlands Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Netherlands Manufacturing (ISIC D)Netherlands Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Netherlands Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Netherlands Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Netherlands Antilles (former)Exports of goods and servicesNetherlands Antilles (former)Imports of goods and servicesNetherlands Antilles (former)Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Netherlands Antilles (former)Total Value AddedNew Caledonia Manufacturing (ISIC D)New Caledonia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( New Caledonia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( New Caledonia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)New Caledonia Total Value AddedNiger Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Niger Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Niger Manufacturing (ISIC D)Niger Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Niger Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Niger Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Niger Total Value AddedNorway Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Norway Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Norway Manufacturing (ISIC D)Norway Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Norway Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Norway Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Oman Total Value AddedPanama Total Value AddedPapua New Guinea Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Papua New Guinea Total Value AddedParaguay Exports of goods and servicesParaguay Gross Domestic Product (GDP)Paraguay Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Paraguay Total Value AddedPeru Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Peru Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Peru Manufacturing (ISIC D)Peru Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Peru Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Peru Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Poland Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Poland Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Poland Manufacturing (ISIC D)Poland Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Poland Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Poland Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Puerto Rico Total Value AddedQatar Total Value AddedQatar Total Value AddedRepublic of Korea Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Republic of Korea Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Republic of Korea Manufacturing (ISIC D)Republic of Korea Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Republic of Korea Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Republic of Korea Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Republic of Moldova Manufacturing (ISIC D)Republic of Moldova Total Value AddedRomania Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Romania Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Romania Manufacturing (ISIC D)Romania Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Romania Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Romania Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Rwanda Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Rwanda Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Rwanda Manufacturing (ISIC D)Rwanda Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Rwanda Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Rwanda Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Saint Kitts and Nevis Total Value AddedSaint Kitts and Nevis Total Value AddedSaint Lucia Total Value AddedSamoa Gross capital formationSamoa Total Value AddedSamoa Total Value AddedSan Marino Manufacturing (ISIC D)Sao Tome and Principe Total Value AddedSao Tome and Principe Total Value AddedSaudi Arabia Total Value AddedSaudi Arabia Total Value AddedSerbia Gross Domestic Product (GDP)Serbia Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Serbia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Serbia Manufacturing (ISIC D)Serbia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Serbia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Serbia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Serbia Total Value AddedSeychelles Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Seychelles Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Seychelles Manufacturing (ISIC D)Seychelles Manufacturing (ISIC D)Seychelles Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Seychelles Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Seychelles Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Seychelles Total Value AddedSierra Leone Total Value AddedSingapore Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Singapore Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Singapore Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Singapore Manufacturing (ISIC D)Singapore Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Singapore Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Singapore Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Sint Maarten (Dutch part)Total Value AddedSlovakia Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B)Slovakia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Slovakia Manufacturing (ISIC D)Slovakia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Slovakia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Slovakia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Slovenia Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Slovenia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Slovenia Manufacturing (ISIC D)Slovenia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Slovenia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Slovenia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Solomon Islands Total Value AddedSomalia Final consumption expenditureSomalia General government final consumption expendi Somalia Exports of goods and servicesSomalia Imports of goods and servicesSomalia Total Value AddedSomalia Total Value AddedSouth Africa Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) South Africa Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) South Africa Manufacturing (ISIC D)South Africa Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( South Africa Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) South Africa Other Activities (ISIC J-P)South Sudan Total Value AddedSpain Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Spain Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Spain Manufacturing (ISIC D)Spain Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Spain Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Spain Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Sri Lanka Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Sri Lanka Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Sri Lanka Manufacturing (ISIC D)Sri Lanka Manufacturing (ISIC D)Sri Lanka Construction (ISIC F)Sri Lanka Construction (ISIC F)Sri Lanka Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Sri Lanka Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Sri Lanka Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Sri Lanka Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Sri Lanka Total Value AddedSri Lanka Total Value AddedSt. Vincent and the Grenadines Total Value AddedSt. Vincent and the Grenadines Total Value AddedState of Palestine Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) State of Palestine Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) State of Palestine Manufacturing (ISIC D)State of Palestine Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( State of Palestine Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I)State of Palestine Other Activities (ISIC J-P)State of Palestine Total Value AddedSudan Total Value AddedSudan (Former)Total Value AddedSuriname Total Value AddedSuriname Total Value AddedSwaziland Total Value AddedSweden Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Sweden Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Sweden Manufacturing (ISIC D)Sweden Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Sweden Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Sweden Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Switzerland Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Switzerland Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Switzerland Manufacturing (ISIC D)Switzerland Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Switzerland Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Switzerland Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Syrian Arab Republic Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Syrian Arab Republic Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Syrian Arab Republic Manufacturing (ISIC D)Syrian Arab Republic Construction (ISIC F)Syrian Arab Republic Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Syrian Arab Republic Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Syrian Arab Republic Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Syrian Arab Republic Total Value AddedTajikistan Manufacturing (ISIC D)Tajikistan Total Value AddedTFYR of Macedonia Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) TFYR of Macedonia Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) TFYR of Macedonia Manufacturing (ISIC D)TFYR of Macedonia Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( TFYR of Macedonia Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) TFYR of Macedonia Other Activities (ISIC J-P)TFYR of Macedonia Total Value AddedThailand Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Thailand Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Thailand Manufacturing (ISIC D)Thailand Construction (ISIC F)Thailand Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Thailand Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Thailand Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Thailand Total Value AddedTimor-Leste Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Timor-Leste Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Timor-Leste Manufacturing (ISIC D)Timor-Leste Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Timor-Leste Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Timor-Leste Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Togo Construction (ISIC F)Togo Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Togo Total Value AddedTonga Total Value AddedTrinidad and Tobago Total Value AddedTunisia Total Value AddedTunisia Total Value AddedTurkey Total Value AddedTurkmenistan Manufacturing (ISIC D)Turkmenistan Total Value AddedTurks and Caicos Islands Total Value AddedTuvalu Construction (ISIC F)Tuvalu Total Value AddedU.R. of Tanzania: Mainland Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) U.R. of Tanzania: Mainland Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E)U.R. of Tanzania: Mainland Manufacturing (ISIC D)U.R. of Tanzania: Mainland Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( U.R. of Tanzania: Mainland Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) U.R. of Tanzania: Mainland Other Activities (ISIC J-P)U.R. of Tanzania: Mainland Total Value AddedUganda Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Uganda Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Uganda Manufacturing (ISIC D)Uganda Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Uganda Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Uganda Other Activities (ISIC J-P)Ukraine Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) Ukraine Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) Ukraine Manufacturing (ISIC D)Ukraine Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( Ukraine Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) Ukraine Other Activities (ISIC J-P)United Arab Emirates Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) United Arab Emirates Manufacturing (ISIC D)United Arab Emirates Construction (ISIC F)United Arab Emirates Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( United Arab Emirates Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) United Arab Emirates Total Value AddedUnited Arab Emirates Total Value AddedUnited Kingdom Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) United Kingdom Mining, Manufacturing, Utilities (ISIC C-E) United Kingdom Manufacturing (ISIC D)United Kingdom Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( United Kingdom Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I) United Kingdom Other Activities (ISIC J-P)United States Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing (ISIC A-B) United States Manufacturing (ISIC D)United States Construction (ISIC F)United States Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels ( United States Transport, storage and communication (ISIC I)。