考博英语(语法)历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（语法）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Grammar
Grammar
1．That grand-sized pine tree______the horizon.(北京大学2005年试题)
A．stands up well against
B．stands out good to
C．stands out well against
D．stands up good to
正确答案：C
解析：stand out against sth．的意思是“突出，显眼”，符合题意。

stand up against 的意思是“抵抗，反对，同……对抗”；stand out to sth．无此搭配；stand up to sth．的意思是“经得起磨损”。

本题是说巨大的松树突出地显现在地平线上。

因此C项为正确答案。

2．“The effect of this medicine______by midnight,”the doctor told Emma, “You had better not try to read tonight. “(北京大学2005年试题)
A．will wear off
B．wears off
C．will have worn off
D．will be worn off
正确答案：B
解析：当表示普遍规律时应用一般现在时，因此B项为正确答案。

3．______, the guest speaker was ushered into the auditorium hall to give the lecture.(北京大学2005年试题)
A．Being shown around the campus
B．Having shown to the campus
C．After been shown around the campus
D．Having been shown around the campus
正确答案：D
解析：因为在was ushered into the auditorium hall之前就发生了be shown aroundthe campus这一动作，所以应用完成时的被动语态。

因此D项为正确答案。

4．The new computer virus______, the system was restored to its normal operation.(北京大学2005年试题)
A．having removed
B．being removed
C．had been removed
D．was removed
正确答案：B
解析：在句子中the new computer virus being removed是独立主格结构用被动态表示，本题空格处是说新的计算机病毒被清除。

因此B项为正确答案。

5．Surveys show that______less sleep than we think,______too much sleep could even harm our health.(北京大学2005年试题)
A．not only do we need...but that
B．not only we need...but also
C．not only we need...but that
D．not only do we need...but also
正确答案：A
解析：固定搭配“not only…but also．．．”，此处应用倒装，此外but后面接的是句子，故而用that连接。

因此A项为正确答案。

6．“What courses are you going to do next semester?”(北京大学2008年试题)”I don’t know. But it’s about time______on something. “
A．I’d decide
B．I decided
C．I decide
D．I’m deciding
正确答案：B
解析：在这个句子中，出现了it’s about time that．…，此句型中的that从句应该用虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，而that从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。

所以，答案是B。

7．______is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals.(北京大学2008年试题) A．That
B．It
C．This
D．As
正确答案：D
解析：在这个句子中，as的意思是：正如……一样。

在这里，关系代词as 代表后面的“much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals”，所以，答案是D。

8．______human problems that repeat themselves in______life repeat themselves in______literature.(北京大学2008年试题)
A．/, /, the
B．/, the, /
C．The, /, /
D．The, the, the
正确答案：A
解析：在英语的用法中，当复数名词泛指某类人或物时，其前通常不用冠词，如hu—man problems。

在习惯用语中，要用定冠词，如in the literature；而在固定词组中，如inlife，就不用定冠词the。

所以，答案是A。

9．He is not under arrest,______any restriction on him.(北京大学2008年试题) A．or the police have placed
B．or have the police placed
C．nor the police have placed
D．nor have the police placed
正确答案：D
解析：在英语句子中，当nor放在句首时，要用部分倒装，即将表示完成时的助动词have提前。

所以，答案是D。

10．He was______to tell the truth even to his closest friend.(北京大学2008年试题)
A．too much of a coward
B．too much the coward
C．a coward enough
D．enough of a coward
正确答案：A
解析：在这个句子中，出现了“too．．．to…”。

其意思是：太……而不能……，所以，答案是A。

11．Our new firm______for a credible, aggressive individual with great skills to fill this position.(中国人民大学2008年试题)
A．have looked
B．are looking
C．is looking
D．look
正确答案：C
解析：“firm”是单数形式，后面的谓语动词相应地使用单数形式，所以，选择C项。

12．Many of the fads of the 1970s______as today’s latest fashions.(中国人民大学2008年试题)
A．are being revived
B．is revised
C．are revoked
D．is being reviled
正确答案：A
解析：各选项的意思是：revived复活，再生。

revised修订，改变。

revoked 已撤销。

reviled诽谤。

主语“the fads”是复数，根据句意，应选择A项。

13．If you want to do well on the exam, you______on the directions that the professor gives and take exact notes.(中国人民大学2008年试题)
A．will have concentrated
B．have to concentrate
C．will be concentrated
D．will be concentrating
正确答案：B
解析：此句子是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时态，不用虚拟语气。

应选择B项。

14．Over the years, Jimmy Connors______phenomenal displays of tennis and temper—and at the U. S. open last week, he exhibited both again.(北京大学2007年试题)
A．has treated spectators with
B．has treated spectator for
C．has treated spectators
D．has treated spectators to
正确答案：A
解析：treat与不同的词组合，有不同的意思。

treat…with用……招待；treat…for…医治；treat…to…款待，招待。

所以，答案是A。

15．Summer holidays spent on the hot ghetto streets are______the time middle-class students devote to camps, exotic vacations and highly organized sports.(北京大学2007年试题)
A．as hardly culturally enriching as
B．as hardly enriching culture as
C．hardly as culturally enriching as
D．hardly as cultural enriching as
正确答案：C
解析：hardly的意思是：绝不，一点也不。

在与as,．．as．．．连用时，hardly 应放在as…as．．．之前；在句中，culturally是副词，修饰enriching，enriching 是现在分词做形容词。

所以，答案是C。

16．The major obstacle to the reform in New Orleans,______, is money.(北京大学2007年试题)
A．as is it across the country
B．as it is across the country
C．as it were across the country
D．as were it across the country
正确答案：B
解析：在这个句子中，主句是现在时态，从句也应该用现在时态。

across the coun—try的意思是全国各地。

所以，答案是B。

17．Nearly all trees have seeds that fall to the earth, take root, and eventually______.(北京大学2007年试题)
A．generate new seeds
B．new seeds generated
C．generates new seeds
D．new seeds are generated
正确答案：A
解析：在这个句子中，由that引导的定语从句修饰先行词seeds，在从句中，that做主语，指代前面提到的seeds，并且，and前后的动词形式应保持一致。

所以，答案是A。

18．The well-maintained facility in San Francisco______leagues in virtually every sport.(北京大学2007年试题)
A．were home to
B．was the home of
C．was home to
D．was home of
正确答案：C
解析：he home to…的意思是：……的发源地，……的家园。

所以，答案是C。

19．The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied______in the area on the night of the fire.(南京大学2007年试题)
A．to be
B．to have been
C．having been
D．be
正确答案：C
解析：deny doing sth．否认做过某事。

accuse sb．of doing sth．控告某人犯
有某事。

根据句意可知，应选择C。

20．Look at this mess! If only I______your advice.(南京大学2007年试题) A．follow
B．had followed
C．would follow
D．have followed
正确答案：B
解析：if only表示“但愿……就好了”，引导表达虚拟语气的句子。

根据句意可知，应选择B。

21．Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure______.(南京大学2007年试题)
A．than more on efficiency
B．and more efficiency
C．and more on efficiency
D．than efficiency
正确答案：C
解析：pressure和efficiency是并列的，选项C的完整表达为more emphasis on effi—ciency。

根据句意可知，应选择C。

22．______before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.(北京大学2007年试题)
A．Had they arrived
B．Would they arrive
C．Were they arriving
D．Were they to arrive
正确答案：D
解析：the day after tomorrow(后天)表示将来，所以要用表示将来时的虚拟语气“were to”形式。

从句部分有were，should或had，可省略if，并将were，should 或had移到从句句首。

23．______last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent.(北京大学2007年试题)
A．He would leave school
B．He left school
C．He had left school
D．He has left school
正确答案：B
解析：在这个句子中，出现了时间状语“last year”，所以，句中谓语动词要
用一般过去时。

因此，答案是B。

24．The buffalo which the lion fells provokes his aggression as little as the appetizing turkey which I have just seen hanging in the larder provokes______.(中国社会科学院2006年试题)
A．me
B．them
C．it
D．mine
正确答案：D
解析：本题中的主语The buffalo和the appetizing turkey后面都跟着定语从句，而宾语需要用名词的所有格形式，因此D项为正确答案。

应注意as little as 对比的是两个相瓦平衡的句子。

25．Here, so profligate has its use become the air conditioner is almost______the automobile of the national tendency to overindulge in every technical possibility, to sue every convenience to such excess that country looks downright coddled.(中国社会科学院2006年试题)
A．as glaring symptom as
B．as glaring a symptom as
C．as symptom glaring as
D．as glaring as a symptom
正确答案：B
解析：本题中的so移到句首，因此应把主谓倒装。

全句是一个so that句型，that引导结果状语从句，这里that被省略，其后面引导的结果状语从句是同级比较的句型。

四个选项中，B项符合题意，因此B项为正确答案。

26．The touch excites no defensive response unless the approach is from above where the spider can see the motion,______on its hind legs, lifts its front legs, opens its fangs and holds this threatening posture as long as the object continues to move.(中国社会科学院2006年试题)
A．in which case it rises
B．in that case it rises
C．in which case does it rise
D．such being the case it rises
正确答案：A
解析：本题中空格处的意思是“在何种情况下它举起它的后腿”。

in which case 指代的是前面句中所述情况，无需倒装，因此A项为正确答案。

27．As mainstream chip production technology shifts from one generation to the next every three to five years, plants with new technology can make more powerful
chips at lower costs,______plants with outdated equipment, which often cost billions of dollars to build, will be marginalized by the maker.(中国社会科学院2006年试题) A．because
B．even though
C．while
D．since
正确答案：C
解析：本题中plants with new technology与plants with outdated equipment，makemore powerful chips at lower costs与will be marginalized by the maker是对比关系，空格处应填表示对比的主从连接词，因此C项为止确答案。

28．______, he did become annoyed with her at times.(清华大学2005年试题) A．Much as he liked her
B．As he liked her much
C．Although much he liked her
D．Much although he liked her
正确答案：A
解析：本题是说尽管他非常喜欢她，但有时他的确非常生她的气。

因此A 项为正确答案。