高考英语语法填空考点分布及解题技巧

高考英语语法填空考点分布及解题技巧

从近三年高考来看，语法填空的考点分布如下：一、有提示词类：设置7个小题

二、无提示词类：设置3个小题

三、如何应对提示词为动词题

【思维流程】

[示例1] In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65. (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 66.belief that populations are increasing.

分析：分析句子结构可知，缺少谓语，故应填谓语动词。由时间状语“In recent years”可知，句子用现在完成时；再由主语“some Inuit people”可知，谓语动词应用复数形式，故谓语动词用have reported。

[示例2] When we got a call 68. (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69.a joke.

分析：分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词got，空处应填非谓语动词。再由句意可知，say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语saying...作后置定语，修饰a call。

四、如何应对提示词为其他词题

【思维流程】

[示例1] Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66.that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and

early deaths from all 67. (cause).

分析：cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all修饰，故填cause的复数形式causes。

[示例2] They also shared with us many 67. (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68.hugely(huge) popular with tourists.

分析：所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional。

[示例3] It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62. (poor) studied.

分析：此处修饰动词studied，故应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。

[示例4] Scientists have responded by 67.noting(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68. (high) than they actually are.

分析：根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。

[示例5] When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68. (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69.meant(mean) me no real harm.

分析：分析句子结构可知，此处作find的宾语，alive为宾语补足语，故此处要用人称代词的宾格。故填them。

[示例6] On my recent visit，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68. (it) mother.

分析：根据空格后的名词mother及前文中的a lively three-month-old twin可知此处作定语，要用形容词性物主代词its。

五、如何应对纯空格题

【思维流程】

[示例1] Modern methods 63. tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.

分析：a method of/for doing sth做某事的方法。

[示例2] I was searching 67. these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.

分析：search for意为“寻找”，为固定搭配，故填介词for。

[示例3] Of 69. nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining，six 70.are(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

分析：此处特指确认的19个北极熊亚种群，故用定冠词the。

[示例4] When we got a call 68.saying(say) she was short-listed，we thought it was

69. joke.

分析：joke“笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后用了单数joke，故其前用a。

[示例5] However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using 67. every day.

分析：指代前句中的the railway，故填it。

[示例6] In much of Asia，especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China，Japan，Korea，61. Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.