Chapter-5-Digestive-System

第三页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
Digestive system
第四页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
aliment/o: food, nutrient
❖alimentation: process of giving or taking nourishment. ▪ 营养，营养吸收
❖alimentary: pertaining to food. ▪ 营养的, 饮食的 ▪ alimentary tract/canal
body, hence from the colon to the outside of the body.
▪ 结肠造口术
第十四页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
dent/o, dent/i: tooth
❖ dentition: the teeth in the dental arch.
▪ 齿系, 齿列 ❖ lobiodental: lobi/o lip, hence pertaining to the lip and the
❖hyperalimentation: hyper- excessive, hence excessive amount of food. ▪ 营养过度，高营养
第五页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
appendic/o: appendix 阑尾
❖appendectomy: ectomy excision, hence removal of the appendix. ▪ 阑尾切除术
▪ 盲肠固定术
❖ cecocolic: col/o colon, hence pertaining to the cecum and colon.
▪ 盲(肠)结肠的
第十页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
choasis: lith/o stone; -iasis disease condition, hence the condition of having stones in the gall bladder.
▪ 十二指肠炎 ❖ hepatocholangioduodenostomy
▪ 肝管十二指肠吻合术
第十八页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
enter/o: intestine
❖enteropathy: disease of the intestine. ▪ 肠病
❖enterocolitis: inflammation of the small intestine and colon. ▪ 小肠结肠炎
❖ diverticulosis: the presence of the diverticula ▪ 憩室病
第十六页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
憩室
❖ 在消化道管壁薄弱部分形成的囊或袋。可由于内 压增加或外部牵拉而发生。结肠憩室随年龄增长 而增多，但常无症状，有时可发炎。（caused by low-in-fiber diet）
teeth. ▪ 唇齿的 ❖ dentifrice: fricare to rub, hence substance used to clean the
teeth.
▪ 洁牙剂
❖ dentibuccal ▪ 牙颊的
第十五页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
diverticul/o: things that turn aside 憩室
❖ jejunoileal: pertaining to the jejunum and ileum.
❖gastroenterologist: specialist in alimentary tract disorders. ▪ 胃肠病学家
第十九页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
gingiv/o: gums 龈
❖gingivae: gums ▪龈 ▪ chewing gum
❖gingivitis: inflammation of the gums. ▪ 龈炎
col/o, colon/o: colon
❖ colonopathy: diseased condition of the colon.
▪ 结肠病
❖ colonoscope: a viewing instrument to examine the colon.
▪ 结肠镜
❖ colostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the
第七页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
bil/i: gall, bile 胆汁
❖ bilirubin: bile pigment.
▪ 胆红素 ❖ biliary: pertaining to bile or bile ducts.
▪ 胆汁的, 胆管的
▪ bile duct ▪ common bile duct ❖ biliation: the production and excretion of bile. ▪ 胆汁分泌
in.
▪ 切开, 切口, 断口 ❖ incisor: one of four front teeth in the dental arch.
▪ 切牙 ❖ excision: ex- out, hence the process of cutting out.
▪ 切除, 切除
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第十七页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
duoden/o: duodenum 十二指肠
❖ duodenectomy: excision of the duodenum.
▪ 十二指肠切除术 ❖ gastroduodenal: pertaining to stomach and duodenum.
▪ 胃十二指肠的 ❖ duodenitis: inflammation of the duodenum.
❖gingivectomy: excision of the gums. ▪ 龈切除术
第二十页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
ile/o: ileum 回肠
❖ileocecal: cec/o cecum(盲肠), hence pertaining to the ileum and cecum. ▪ 回盲肠的
由此口排出肠内容物，因而绕过结肠。各种类型 的袋子都可用于收集流出物。这种手术通常与结 肠切除术同时进行。
第二十二页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
jejun/o: jejunum空肠
❖ gastrojejunostomy: surgical connection or opening between the stomach and jejunum. ▪ 胃空肠吻合术
▪ 胆石病 ▪ cholelithotomy ▪ -osis, -opathy
❖ cholestasis: -stasis stopping, hence stoppage of the flow of bile. ▪ 胆汁郁积, 胆汁阻塞
❖ cholemesis: -emesis vomiting, hence vomiting of bile. ▪ 呕胆
❖cholecystitis: inflammation of the gallbladder. ▪ 胆囊炎
❖cholecystic: pertaining to the gallbladder. ▪ 胆囊的
第十二页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
cis/o: to cut
❖ incision: in- into; -ion process, hence the process of cutting
❖ hepatobiliary surgery
第八页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
bucc/o: cheek 颊
❖ buccal: pertaining to the cheek.
▪ 颊的, 口的, 口腔的
▪ buccal cavity ▪ buccal mucosa ❖ bucca: cheek ▪ 口, 颊 ❖ buccopulpal: pertaining to cheek and pulp. ▪ 颊髓的, 颊与牙髓的 ▪ pulp
第九页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
cec/o: cecum 盲肠
❖ cecorrhaphy: -rrhaphy suture, hence surgical repair of the
cecum.
▪ 盲肠缝合术 ❖ cecopexy: -pexy fixation, hence fixation of the cecum.
❖ diverticulum: abnormal side-pocket in the intestine wall. ▪ (复diverticula)憩室
❖ diverticulitis: inflammation of the diverticula (small pouches) in the intestine wall, especially in the colon. ▪ 憩室炎
• cardia • pylorus
▪ fundus ▪ corpus ▪ antrum
❖Small intestine ▪duodenum ▪jejunum ▪ileum
❖ Large intestine
▪cecum
▪colon ▪sigmoid colon ▪rectum ❖ Liver ❖ Gallbladder ❖ Pancreas
❖appendicitis: inflammation of the appendix. ▪ 阑尾
❖appendical: pertaining to the appendix.
第六页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
auto-: self, own
❖autodigestion: digestion of oneself. ▪ 自身消化, 自溶作用, 自身溶解
through which food passes and nutrients are absorbed.
第二页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
Digestive system
❖ Mouth ▪ teeth, tongue, palate
❖ Pharynx ❖ Esophagus ❖ Stomach
❖ileostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body. ▪ 回肠造口术
❖ileitis: inflammation of the ileum. ▪ 回肠炎
❖ ileectomy
第二十一页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
❖回肠造口术: ❖ 将回肠通过腹壁拉出以塑造一个人工开口的手术。
Chapter 5 Digestive System
第一页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
The gastrointestinal tract starts at the mouth, which leads to the
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, colon, and finally, the rectum and anus. The GI tract is a long, hollow, muscular tube
▪ hematemesis
▪ hyperemesis
❖ choledocho-: the common bile duct ▪ choledocholithiasis
▪ choledochotomy
第十一页，编辑于星期日：十八点 五十七分。
cholecyst/o: gallbladder 胆囊
❖cholecystectomy: excision of the gallbladder. ▪ 胆囊切除术
❖autoinfection: infection from oneself. ▪ 自身感染, 内源性感染
❖autopsy: -opsy process of viewing; hence the examination of a dead body with one’s own eyes. ▪ 尸体解剖, 尸检