神经系统疾病营养支持

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• It supports the rationale for the FOOD trial, which continues to recruit and aims to estimate the effect of different feeding regimes on outcome after stroke and thus determine whether the association observed in this study is likely to be causal.
Nutritional status of hospitalized acute stroke patients. Br J Nutr, 1998, 79(6):481-487.
Impact of premorbid undernutrition on outcome in stroke patients. Stroke, 2004, 35(8):1930-1934.
were randomly allocated to early enteral tube feeding or no tube
feeding for more than 7 days (early versus avoid).
In the other, patients were allocated percutaneous endoscopic
enrolled by 83 hospitals in 15 countries into the early versus avoid trial.
Early tube feeding was associated with an absolute reduction in risk of death of 5.8% (95% CI -0.8 to 12.5, P=0.09) and reduction in death or poor outcome of 1.2%(-4.2 to 6.6, P=0.7).
months..
Methods
The FOOD trials consist of three pragmatic multicentre
randomised controlled trials, two of which include dysphagic stroke patients.
In one trial, patients entrolled within 7 days of admission
Malnutrition determined by the patient-generated subjective global assessment is associated with poor outcomes in acute stroke patients. Clin Nutr, 2005, 24(6):1073-1077.
多中心 随机 对照
咽障碍患者应尽早 (7天内)给予肠 内喂养。如果肠内 喂养需要持续2~3 周则最好选择
1b 2955例
multicentre randomized
NGT途径(除非
controlled trial . Lancet 2005; 365: 764–72.
具有很强的PEG指 征)
脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者
神经系统疾病营养支持共识 2009
宣武医院
背景
• 共识草稿(2008/8)
– 神经系统疾病营养支持适应症
• 2006神经系统疾病营养支持指南
– 中华医学会肠外肠内营养学分会
– 神经系统疾病营养支持操作规范
• 2006神经系统疾病营养支持操作规范
– 首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科重症监护病房
背景
• 共识初稿(2008/9)
肺炎 其他感染 消化道出血
Conclusions
• These data provide reliable evidence that nutritional status early after stroke is independently associated with long-term outcome.
4
病例报道 (低质量队列研究)
D
5
专家意见或评论
脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者
年限
文献
1996 1998 2004
2005
Effect of malnutrition after acute stroke on clinical outcome. Stroke, 1996, 27(6):1028-1032.
Stroke. 2003;34:1450-1456.
分类 总人数 营养正常 营养不良
统计
人数 2955 /3012 2194/2955
死亡率
547/2955 (18.5%)
445/2194 (20%)
并发症
275/2955 (9%)
102/275 (37%)
OR=1.82 95%CI=1.34-2.47
Effect of timing and method of enteral tube feeding for dysphagic stroke patients (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial The FOOD Trial Collaboration
多中心 随机 对照
随机 对照
恢复期卒中(4 周)神经性吞咽障 碍患者PEG喂养 的体重增加多于 NGT
恢复期卒中(4 周)吞咽障碍患者 应用PEG比NGT 改善营养状况(血 清白蛋白水平)更 有效。
证据 级别
1b 40例
1b 22例
脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者
年限
文献
1996
Norton B, Homer-Ward M, Donnelly MT, Long RG, Holmes GK. A randomised prospective comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding after acute dysphagic stroke. Br Med J 1996;312:13–6.
Admission Predicts Poor Outcomes After Stroke. Observational Data From the
期预后不良的独立 危险因素。
FOOD Trial.
急性脑卒中伴吞
2003 2005
Stroke June 2003,1450-1456. The FOOD Trial Collaboration.Effect of timing and method of enteral tube feeding for dysphagic stroke patients (FOOD): a
– 神经疾病营养支持工作组
• 宿英英(首都医科大学宣武医院) • 黄旭升(中国人民解放军总医院) • 彭斌(北京协和医院) • 潘速跃(广州南方医院) • 张运周(首都医科大学宣武医院)
共识背景
• 共识讨论稿(2008/11)
– 共识推广稿撰写者 – 国内部分神经内科专家(按姓氏笔划)
• 牛小媛、牛俊英、王少石、毕齐、吕佩源、陈玲、 杜继臣、狄晴、张旭、胡文立、胡颖红、黄旭 升、 宿英英、程焱、彭斌、潘速跃、魏东宁
1b 单个RCT研究
“全或无”证据
A
• 有治疗以前所有患者全都死亡,有治疗之后有
1c
患者存活
• 有治疗以前有些患者死亡,有治疗以后无患者 死亡
2a 基于队列研究(具有同质性)
2b 单个队列研究 (如 <80% 随访) ;包括低质量 RCT
B
3a 基于病例对照研究(具有同质性)
3b 单个病例对照研究
C
方法
病例 对照
病例 对照
结论
脑卒中患者营养不 足与不良预后(死亡 率、并发症、住院时 间和功能残疾程度) 相关
证据 级别
3b 104例
3b
201例
病例 对照
3b
185例
队列 研究
脑卒中患者入院时
营养不足的发生率为
19.2%
2b
营养不足患者住院 73例
时间延长(13d vs 8d)
并发症增加(50% vs
强化胰岛素治疗未降低患者死亡率但有助于减少住院时间提前撤机和减少急性肾损害应用胰岛素强化治疗超过3天患者死亡率显著降低202011372?29项rct研究?血糖控制目标?强化血糖控制61mmoll或83mmoll?普通血糖控制111mmoll或122mmoll?危重症患者8432例?内科?外科?结果?强化血糖控制与普通血糖控制院内死亡率无显著差别?强化血糖控制患者脓毒血症发生率降低但低血糖发生率明显增加2008202011373缺血性卒中和tia患者血脂增高时强化他汀类调脂药物治疗a级推荐药物治疗后2周复查
第一部分 神经系统疾病营养支持
适应症
撰写方法
文献检索
(脑卒中、痴呆、持续神经性吞咽障碍、昏迷)
确认证据(OCEBM) 推荐意见
牛津循证医学中心分级
(Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine,OCEBM)
推荐意见 证据级别
描述
1a 基于RCTs(具有同质性)
gastrostomy (PEG) or nasogastric feeding.
The primary outcome was death or poor outcome at 6 mouths. Analysis was by intention to treat
Finding
Between Nov 1,1996, and July 31, 2003,859 patients were
Supplemented
diet was associated
with an absolute
reduction in risk
of death of 0.7%
(95% CI -1.4 to 2.7,
多中心 随机
p=0.5) and an
对照 increased risk of
1b 4012例
death or poor
Available online 25 February 2005.
Background
Undernutrition is common in patients admitted with stroke. we
aimed to establish whether the timing and route of enteral tube feeding after stroke affected patients’ outcomes at 6
方法
多中心 随机 对照
结论
恢复期卒中(发 病2周后)伴吞咽 困难患者PEG喂养 的病死率低,治疗 成功率高,营养状 况改善好于NGT
证据 级别
1b 30例
脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者
FOOD Trial Collaboration.
急性脑卒中患者
Poor Nutritional Status on
早期营养不良是长
14%)。
脑卒中伴吞咽困难患者
年限
文献
方法
结论
1992
2006
Park RH, Allison MC, Lang J, et al. Randomised comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with persisting neurological dysphagia. Br Med J 1992;304:1406–9.
Hamidon BB,Abdullah SA,Zawawi MF. A prospective comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with acute dysphagic stroke. Med J Malaysia. 2006 Mar;61(1):59-66.
FOOD : Routine oral nutritional supplementation for stroke patients in hospital (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 2005, 365(9461):755763. 2005 2006 FOOD : a multicentre randomised trial evaluating feeding policies in patients admitted to hospital with a recent stroke. Health Technol Assess, 2006, 10(2):1-120.
outcome of 0.7% (-
2.3 to 3.8,p=0.6).
Poor Nutritional Status on Admission Predicts Poor Outcomes After Stroke Observational Data From the FOOD Trial
FOOD Trial Collaboration
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