[中考英语]比较级和最高级例子精讲

形容詞的比較級&最高級
為了表現不同程度的性質，形容詞具有三級：原級、比較級、最高級
有些形容詞因為本身已經達到極限，故沒有比較級和最高級，例如absolute, excellent, living, dead, only…..
形容詞的原級、比較級、最高級
規則變化：短字+er / est more / most 長字
＊單音節的字在字尾加er及est
tall - taller - tallest long - longer -longest clean -cleaner - cleanest
warm - warmer -warmest
high - higher - highest
dark - darker - darkest
＊字尾有e時，只加r及st
nice - nicer - nicest close - closer -closest cute - cuter - cutest
wide – wider -widest
safe - safer – safest
gentle –gentler -gentlest
＊字尾為子音+y時，將y改為i再加er及est
happy –happier-happiest pretty-prettier-prettiest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest
heavy-heavier-heaviest
noisy-noisier-noisiest
easy-easier-easiest
注意：母音+y時，直接加er及est。

Ex. gray-grayer-grayest
＊短母音+子音，重複子音再加er及est
big-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest sad-sadder-saddest fat-fatter-fattest thin-thinner-thinnest glad-gladder-gladdest red-redder-reddest
＊more / most 長字
(三音節以上的字及大多數二音節字，特別由–ful, -less, -able, ive, ing 結尾的字) beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful
active – more active – most active
interesting – more interesting – most interesting
注意：happy(二音節)-happier unhappy(三音節)-unhappier
＊有些形容詞可以加er及est或前面加上more / most來形成比較級和最高級polite – politer 或more polite – politest 或most polite
其他如：quiet , handsome , common , pleasant
不規則變化：
good / well better best
bad worse worst
many / much more most
＊old older
elder oldest
eldest
年齡的比較、事物的新舊
長幼順序
＊late later較晚的
latter稍後的latest最新近的
last 最後的
時間的先後
順序的先後
＊far farther更遠
further更進一步；更遠farthest
furthest
表示距離
表示程度或距離
little less
littler least
littlest
關於量，much的相反
表示大小，等於small
＊My elder brother is three years older than your younger sister.
His eldest son is the oldest student in our school.
My sweater is older than yours.
哥哥姊姊elder brother/sister = older brother/sister
＊She came later than usual. (她比平常晚到。

)
The Internet will give you the latest news.(網路會提供你最新的消息。

)
He will be free in the latter part of the week.(他本週的下半周有空。

)
His latest book may be his last book.(他最近出的書可能是他最後的書了。

)
＊Kaohsiung is farther(further) from T aipei than Keelung.(從台北到高雄比到基隆遠。

) The farthest(furthest) planet from the earth is Pluto.(離地球最遠的行星式冥王星。

)
I have nothing further to say on the subject.(對於這個主題我沒有什麼要講的了。

) Have you any further need of me?(你還有要我幫忙的嗎？)
＊很少few – fewer – fewest + 可數名詞
little – less – least + 不可數名詞
(1) 相同
Jack is as tall as David.
Jack is as handsome as David.
Jack has as much money as David.
(2) 超過—優勢比較
Jack is taller than David.
Jack is more handsome than David.
Jack has more money than David.
(3) 不足—劣勢比較(不論長短字，一律用less)
Jack is less tall than David.
Jack is less handsome than David.
Jack has less money than David.
(1) …. +比較級+ than ….
The small box is heavier than the big box.
Mr. Wang is thinner than Mr. Lin.
A computer is more expensive than a bicycle.
＊than + 主格或受格
Y ou are taller than I. = You are taller than me.
Y ou are taller than I am. (此處不得用受格)
I like you better than he (likes you). 與主格比較
I like you better than (I like) him. 與受格比較
＊比較的對象要合理而且不能與自己相比較
(X) Y our pencil is longer than I / me. 人與物比較
(O) Y our pencil is longer than mine.(=my pencil.)
(X) T aipei is bigger than all the cities in T aiwan.所有城市包含T aipei
(X) T aipei is bigger than any city in T aiwan.任何城市包含T aipei
(O) T aipei is bigger than all the other cities in T aiwan. 所有/任何其他城市
(O) T aipei is bigger than any other cities in T aiwan. 則不包含T aipei
(O) New Y ork is bigger than all the cities/ any city in T aiwan. New Y ork 不在台灣注意：all the other 複數/ any other 單數
(2) Who / Which + be +比較級, A or B ?
Who is taller, T om or John?
Which is more expensive, a bicycle or a computer?
(3) ~ + be + the 比較級+ of the two. (兩個之中比較…的那一個，~包含在兩個之中)
T om is the taller of the two. = T om is taller than the other boy.
This jacket is the more expensive of the two.
= This jacket is more expensive than the other one.
(4) very + 原級; much / a lot / even / far + 比較級
T om is much taller than Jack. (T om比Jack高多了。

)
A compute is much more expensive than a bicycle.
(5) 比較級and 比較級
(越來越~~) ~er and ~er / more and more ~
In summer, the days become longer and longer.
We have more and more tests at school now.
She likes eating fast food and is growing fatter and fatter.
English becomes more and more important in our daily life.
There will be less and less pollution if everyone helps to save our earth.
After a typhoon, the vegetables become more and more expensive.
(越來越不~~)less and less ~
As we grow up, we will become less and less happy.
He became less and less careful on his work and finally was fired.
(6) The 比較級, the 比較級. ( 越~~越~~)
The more, the better.(越多越好。

)
The more he reads, the less the understands.(他越讀越不明白。

)
The older we grow, the poor our memory will become.(年紀越大，記憶力越差。

)
＊Jack is not as tall as T om. --T om is taller than Jack. = Jack is shorter than T om.
Jack不像T om那麼高。

--T om比Jack高。

I don’t have as many books as you. --Y ou have more books than I.
= I have fewer books than you.
This car isn’t as expensive as that one. --That car is more expensive than this one.
= This car is cheaper than that one.
＊Jack is not taller than T om. 不完全等於Jack is shorter than T om.
Jack並沒有比T om高。

-- 可能比T om矮，也可能和T om一樣高。

I didn’t come earlier than you. We may come here at the same time.
I don’t have more pens than you. Maybe I have as many pens as you.
最高級的使用時機: the / 所有格+ 最高級
(1) 在一個範圍或團體中in ~
The elephant is the biggest animal in the zoo.
Helen is the most active student in my class.
(2) Who / Which + be +最高級, A, B, or C ?
Who is the tallest, T om, Jack, or David?
Which is the most expensive, a bicycle, a motorcycle, or a car?
(3) ~ + be + the 最高級+ of the three / of all. (三個以上或全部之中)
Of the three / of all , ~ + be + the 最高級
T om is the tallest of the three boys. = T om is taller than the other two boys.
This one is the most expensive of all the cars in the store.
Of all the girls in my class, Helen is the most active.
Of all my friends, T om is the most important one to me.
(4) ~ + be + one of the +最高級+複數名詞
Love River is one of the most beautiful rivers in T aiwan.
Mark is one of the best students in my class.
(5) ~ + be + the 最高級~ that 某人have/ has ever p.p.
This is the longest train that I have ever seen. (這是我見過最長的火車。

)
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.( 這是我看過有趣的書。

)
＊T aipei is the biggest city in T aiwan.
= T aipei is bigger than any other city in T aiwan.
= T aipei is bigger than all the other cities in T aiwan.
= No other city in T aiwan is as big as T aipei.
= No other cities in T aiwan are as big as T aipei.
＊Time is the most important of all things.
= Time is more important than any other thing.
= Nothing is more important than time.
= Nothing is so important as time.
Ⅲ、形容词，副词的比较级、最高级
1.一般在词尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，
big-bigger-biggest
5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
二、不规则变化
下列单、双音节词只能加more和most
Ⅳ形容词，副词等级的用法
一、原级的用法
1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too
例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。

My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。

2.原级常用的句型结构
（1）―甲+be+（倍数）+as+形容词原级+as+乙‖表示―甲和乙程度相同‖或―甲是乙的几倍‖
例如，Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。

Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。

―甲+实意动词+（倍数）+as+副词原级+as+乙‖表示―甲和乙程度相同‖或―甲是乙的几倍‖例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。

Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。

（2）―甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙‖甲不如乙…
例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大。

―甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙‖甲不如乙…
例如，He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。

二、比较级的用法
1.可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一点儿
even甚至，still仍然
例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。

Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。

This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。

She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。

2.比较级常用的句型结构
（1）―甲+be+（倍数）+形容词比较级+than+乙‖表示―甲比乙…‖或―甲比乙…几倍‖
例如，Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。

This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。

―甲+实意动词+（倍数）+副词比较级+than+乙‖表示―甲比乙…‖或―甲比乙…几倍‖
例如，I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。

He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

（2）―甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词（+介词短语）‖表示―甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……‖，含义是―甲最……‖。

例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.
=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。

=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。

=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。

注意：The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。

―甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词（+介词短语）‖表示―甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……‖，含义是―甲最……‖。

例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.
= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。

= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。

= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。

注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。

（迈克和汤姆不是同一个班）
（3）―甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……‖表示―甲是两者中较……的‖。

例如，Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。

（4）―比较级+and+比较级‖表示―越来越……‖。

例如，He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。

The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。

He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。

（5）―the+比较级，the+比较级‖表示―越……，越……‖。

例如，The more careful you are，the fewe r mistakes you’ll make.你越认真，犯的错误越少。

（6）―特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？‖
例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？
―特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级，甲or乙？‖
例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？
3.最高级常用句型结构
（1）―主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语‖表示―……是……中最……的‖。

例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。

This apple is the biggest of the five.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。

―主语+实意动词+（the）+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语‖表示―……是……中最……的‖。

例如，I jump （the）farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。

（2）―主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语‖表示―……是……中最……之一‖。

例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。

（3）―特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？‖用于三者以上的比较。

例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
―特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？‖用于三者以上的比较
例如，Which season do you like （the）best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？
一、规则变化-例题剖析
1 I have_____to do today.
A.anything important
B.something important
C.important nothing
D.important something
答案B。

形容词修饰复合不定代词时应放在其后面。

故排除C、D，句意是―我今天有重要的事情要做‖，表示肯定用something.
2 ——Is chemistry more difficult than physics？
——No，chemistry isn’t as____as physics.
A.easy
B.difficult
C.easier
D.moredifficult
答案B。

（not）as…as中应接形容词原级，结合上句―化学没有物理难‖，故B是正确的。

3.Beijing is becoming_________and__.
A.more beautiful，more
B.beautiful，beautiful
C.more，more beautiful
D.more beautiful，more beautiful
答案C。

比较级+and+比较级，表示―越来越…‖，多音节的形容词―more and more+形容词‖。

4.______ children there are in a family，_____their life will be.
A.The less，the better
B.The fewer，the better
C.Fewer，richer
D.More，poorer
答案B。

the+比较级，the+比较级，表示―越……越……‖，由句意得知―家里孩子越少，生活会越好‖。

children是可数名词，应用few来修饰。

5.The experiment was ________ easier than we had expected.
A.more
B.muchmore
C.much
D.moremuch
答案C。

much可修饰比较级，easier本身已是比较级，不能再用more.
6 Oct 15th was one of ________ days in 2003.The Shenzhou-V was sent up successfully.
A.exciting
B.more exciting
C.the most exciting
D.much exciting
答案C。

根据―one of+最高级+复数名词‖固定句型应选C.
7.It’s seven o’clock in the afternoon，but they are ______ having a meeting.
Aalready
B.still
C.yet
D.ever
答案B。

still意为―仍旧，仍然‖，这句话的意思是：现在已经是下午七点，他们仍旧在开会。

8.Remember not to speak _______ when we are in the reading room.
A.fast
B.slowly
C.politely
D.loudly
答案D。

―在阅览室里不要大声说话‖，副词loudly修饰动词speak.
9.―______ has this food store been in business？‖
―Since 2001.‖
A.How long
B.How often
C.How old
D.How soon
答案A。

―since+过去时间点‖为―从过去的某一时间到现在‖，表示一段时间，故选―how long‖。

10.——What was the weather like yesterday？
——It was terrible.It rained so ___ that people could _________ go out.
A.hardly…hard
B.hardly…hardly
C.hard…hardly
D.hard…hard
答案C。

rain在句中是动词，作谓语，后面用副词修饰，hard作副词，是―猛烈地‖的意思，hardly 是―几乎不‖的意思。

转贴于：初中升学考试_考试大。