语法专项提升动词和动词短语
动词及动词短语(88张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
进入。故选C。
( A )2. — Would you please ______ your email address? I missed it just now. — No problem. It's fox@163com. A. repeat B. review C. record 【解析】 考查动词辨析。句意:——你可以再重复一下你的电子邮箱吗?我刚刚忘记了。——没问题 。是fox@163com。repeat重复;review复习;record记录。故选A。
动词的基本形式 1. 动词原形 2. 一般现在时的第三人称单数的变化规则
一般情况下直接加-s
read — reads write — writes
run — runs
以 ch, sh, s, x 或 o 结尾的词 加-es
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的 词变 y 为 i 再加-es, 但以 “元音字母+y”结尾的词 则直接加-s
The film has been on for
不 能 和 表 示 一 finish, arrive,
动词
ten minutes. 电 影 开 始 十
段 时 间 的 状 语 join,
go,
分钟了。(这里不能用 has
连用
come, catch
begun)
2.助动词 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整,不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓 语,以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外,还可以用来构成否定句、疑问句或强调句等句型。具体用法 见下表。
lie — lying tie — tying
初中阶段常见的需要双写最后一个辅音字母变动词ing形式的动词有: shop, stop, drop, run, get, sit, dig, put, begin, swim, chat, prefer等。 【闪记】 现在分词构成歌诀
初中英语2024届中考语法专项练习(动词和动词+形容词和副词+动词的语态+动词的时态)(附参考答案)
中考英语语法专项练习班级考号姓名总分一、动词和动词短语一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示写单词。
1.-What do you think of this piece of music?-It’s beautiful but a little sad.2.The students in our school will w traditional clothes to experience the Sichuan Opera next weekend.3.It's our duty to save energy.Please r to turn off lights and computers when you leave the office.4.They have already c Li Ping to be the team captain.5.-Could you tell me the way to the nearest cinema?- Well, I'm going there.Just me.6.I've finally realized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and tea sets.7.At yesterday's meeting,I the speed of speaking and made myself heard clearly.8.I've never the decision to work in West China.9.ManyZhuang people songs while walking, farming and doing housework.10.A Chinese tennis player Wu Yibing the Dallas Open on Feb.12,2023.二、单项选择。
高中英语语法总结:动词和动词短语
高中英语语法总结:动词和动词短语英语动词根据其意义和句法作用,可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。
实义动词又称行为动词,为表示动作或状态的动词,可以单独充当句子的谓语,实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。
英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成,在句中起动词的作用。
高考设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语词意的辨析及其理解和运用能力。
考向一 常用动词辨析1.advise,persuade,suggestadvise用作及物动词,表示"劝告,忠告,建议",强调提醒或引起注意;persuade表示"说服",强调劝说成功,主要搭配是:persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事(相当于persuade sb. into doing sth.);如表示劝说但不一定成功,则使用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。
suggest用作及物动词,意为"建议",后接名词、代词、动名词或从句,从句中的谓语用"should+动词原形",should可以省略。
2.bring,take,carry,fetchbring"带来,拿来,取来",强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。
take"拿走,带走",强调把人或物从说话者身边带走,方向与bring相反。
fetch"去拿来,去取来",强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后,又回到甲地,相当于go and bring。
carry"携带,搬运,运送",强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。
3.win,beat,defeatwin表示"赢得,战胜"时,宾语多是比赛项目等。
win sb.则指"赢得人心"。
beat/defeat意为"打败,击败",其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。
如:beat sb.打败某人;defeat their team/ the country/the enemy击败了他们的队/国家/敌人。
2023年中考英语语法---动词及动词短语专题复习及练习题(含答案)
2023年中考英语语法---动词及动词短语专题复习及练习题(含答案)一、动词的基本框架动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词:及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly.我们叫这只鸟Polly。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。
注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。
2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。
Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物动词)We study hard.我们努力学习。
(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
①动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。
此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。
②动词+副词+介词Let’s go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
动词与动词短语考点精讲
动词与动词短语考点精讲
一、动词分类
1. 及物动词:可以直接带宾语,例如“He gave me some advice on how to get rid of pets”。
2. 不及物动词:不可以直接带宾语,例如“He has achieved considerable success as an artist”。
二、动词短语
动词短语是由动词和其他词构成的固定搭配,主要有以下七种情况:
1. 动词+副词,例如“共青团员要发挥模范带头作用”。
2. 动词+介词,例如“他对我的批评很尖锐”。
3. 动词+副词+介词,例如“我们将在学校门口集合”。
4. 动词+名词,例如“他的发言充满了激情”。
5. 动词+形容词,例如“这孩子长得十分英俊”。
6. 动词+名词+介词,例如“老师在课堂上向我们介绍了一位新同学”。
7. 动词+介词+名词,例如“我们必须把这些问题提交给学校领导”。
在学习动词与动词短语时,需要注意动词的变化形式、及物动词或相当于及物的动词后面加宾语、间接宾语后置时介词for的用法以及带to和不带to的动词不定式等。
同时,可以通过阅读、写作等方式加强对动词和动词短语的理解和应用。
中考英语 语法专题突破 9 专题突破九 助动词、实义动词和动词短语 (3)
考点 1:助动词 助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语。助动词在句中与 实义动词或系动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气及否定、疑问或强调 结构。
【真题展示】
(2021·桂林)The zebra eats grass, but it ________eat meat.
A.doesn't B.didn't
Qiubai many years ago.
8.(2022·预测)They practice pplalyainying(play) the violin in the club every
Saturday.
g
9.(2020·连云港) Many Chinese people had t_o_tco_acnancceell__(cancel) their
【真题展示】
(2020·怀化)Journey to the West is interesting.Both my father and my sister
______the book very much.
A.likes B.like
C.dislike
【解析】考查动词辨析及主谓一致。句意:《西游记》很有趣,我父亲和
2.(2021·临沂)The minute the alarm clock CC , I got up and took a quick shower. A.went by B.went out C.went off
3.(2021·抚顺改编)Junior high school days are over and it's hard to AAour dear teachers and friends. A.separate from B.deal with C.believe in
动词及动词短语(17张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
动
词
的
第 ①一般动词在词尾加-s。如:look-looks; get-gets
基
动 词 和
动本 词
形
三 ②以s, x, sh, ch结尾加-es。如:address-addresses; box-boxes; finish人 finishes; touch-touches
动
称 ③以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词,变y为i加-es。如:study-studies
动词
中考主要是在语境中对动词进行考查,常见命题角度: (1)实义动词辨析。 中考选择填空和完形填空中都常涉及对实义动词辨析的考查,做题时: ✓ 首先要明确动词的含义; ✓ 然后通过分析语境找出关键词,或根据前后的逻辑关系确定答案。
动词
常考的几组近义动词: ①divide与separate ②hear, listen与sound ③invent, discover, create与find ④cost, spend, pay与take
规 则 变 化
过去分词
不规则变 化
动
词
的
基
动 词 和 动 词
动本 词
形 式
①一般动词在词尾加-ing:go-going; look-looking ②以不发音的e结尾的词,去e加-ing:come-coming; use-using 现 ③以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母加-ing:begin在
类
sound, seem, feel, stay, turn, get, keep, remain
助动词 没有词义,不能单独作谓语:be, do/does/did, have/has/had, will, shall
高考英语语法词汇专项突破:01聚焦动词及动词短语八大考点+巩固训练答案解析(含高考真题)
高考英语语法词汇专项突破:聚焦动词及动词短语八大考点+巩固训练+答案与解析养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
【高考考例展示】【考题1】(2023新高考II卷)And who do they speak English ______?答案与解析:with。
考查动词短语中的“动词+介词”。
句意:他们和谁说英语?分析句子结构可知,这道题的语序可以看成they speak English who,句子中有主语they,speak后有宾语,而who 缺少一个介词,who做介词的宾语,又根据句意可推知,此处强调双向交流,应用固定搭配:speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。
故填with。
【考题2】(2022新高考全国I卷)Giant pandas also serve an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.答案与解析:as。
考查动词短语中的“动词+介词”。
分析句子可知,此处考查固定动词短语serve as,意为“充当”,故空处应填介词as。
故填as。
句意:大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色,为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。
【考题3】(2020浙江6月卷)Some time after 10,000 BC,people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ,through agriculture.答案与解析:考查动词短语中的“动词+介词”。
中考英语语法专项复习训练:专题8 动词和动词短语(有答案)
专题八动词和动词短语动词的基本形式和分类选择填空。
1.(2020百色二模)On Sunday,my father often ________ soccer games on TV.A.watch B.watchingC.watches D.watched2.(2020河北中考)It ________ dark.Shall I turn on the light?A.gets B.gotC.is getting D.was getting()3.—________ Jay Chou usually drink milk tea?—Yes,he ________.He likes it very much.A.Do;is B.Do;doC.Does;is D.Does;does()4.Linda is a helpful girl.She often ________ her classmates with study.A.help B.helpsC.helped D.helping()5.Yesterday afternoon,Tom and I ________ to a zoo.A.go B.wentC.going D.goes用所给单词的适当形式填空。
6.Mrs.Li came into the classroom,____(carry) a book under her arm.7.He was drunk and (lie) on the street.8.She sat there quietly ____(read) a novel.9.In the past,my grandparents____(live) in an old and small house.动词词义及动词短语辨析选择填空。
1.(2020黔东南州中考)Sam ________ a computer from me yesterday.A.sold B.borrowedC.lent D.returned2.(2020温州中考)Jim is going to join the Art Club because he likes ________.A.cooking B.drawingC.running D.reading3.(2020泰州中考)Sandy seldom goes out at weekends because reading ________ most of her free time. A.takes up B.takes onC.takes off D.takes out4.(2020盐城中考)These activities at bedtime can get kids excited and make it hard for them to ________ and sleep. A.come down B.break downC.calm down D.sit down5.(2020凉山州中考)A lot of schools across China ________ starting classes because of COVID19.A.put up B.put offC.put on D.put away6.(2020襄阳中考)—How does the banana milk shake ________?—Delicious.I'd like to have another glass.A.look B.smellC.taste D.sound7.(2020江西中考)The performer ________ because there was too much noise coming from the crowd. A.continued B.relaxedC.stopped D.won8.(2020铜仁中考)—Fangfang,shall we go to see a film on Saturday?—Sorry.I'll have to ________ my younger brother because my mother is out.A.look at B.look forC.look up D.look after9.(2020贵港中考)—Look! There is a girl under the tree.—She is Susan's daughter.She is only six years old,but she can ________ stories in English.A.say B.speakC.tell D.talk10.(2020武威中考)I ________ sleep very well,but then I started doing yoga and it really helps.A.didn't use to B.used toC.was used to D.wasn't used to11.(2020贺州八步区三模)You'd better ________your coat.It's hot inside the house.A.take out B.take offC.take up D.take away12.(2020南宁三中三模)You can ________ your pictures on the wall to give your room a fresh look.A.grow up B.wake upC.put up D.set up13.(2020天津中考)Lang Ping is a symbol of courage and success,and we ________ her.A.come from B.stand forC.take pride in D.get ready for动词拼写用所给单词的适当形式填空。
英语语法复习:动词及动词短语
英语语法复习:动词和动词短语动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词之一,在历年高考题中所占比例也最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。
主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。
要求考生构建以下比较完整的知识网络。
I.动词的分类根据意义和句法作用,英语动词可分为四类:1.行为动词(实义动词)①及物动词:带宾语的动词②不及物动词:不带宾语的动词③状态动词(相对静止):contain, exist, own, prefer, belong④动作动词:延续性(work, stay);非延续性(marry, go, come)2.系动词①表示人或事物的特征和状态:be, feel, look, seem, taste, appear, sound②表示状态的变化:turn, go, become, get, fall, grow③表示某种状态的延续或持续:remain, keep, stay3.助动词(与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语):be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall4.情态动词:can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)等等She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。
②如果宾语是人称代词,只能放在动词和副词之间。
She gave them away.她送掉了它们。
③同一动词和不同副词搭配时,意义上有很大的差异。
ring back回电话, ring off挂断电话, ring up打电话put away放好, put on穿,上演, put up挂起,举起。
2.动词+介词(及物)I'm looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼镜。
2020届中考英语语法专练 8动词和动词短语(含答案)
(八)动词和动词短语Ⅰ.词汇运用。
A)根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
1.Scott waited(等待) one hour for his friend at school yesterday.2.They are working hard to improve(改善) their lives.3.—Why did you shout?—I felt something hit(击中) me on the head.4.Danny invited(邀请) his friends to his birthday party last week.5.If you could invent(发明) something new,what product would you develop?6.Jim wants to buy a new mobile phone.It will cost(花费) him more than 5,000 yuan.7.Many stars raise(筹集) money for homeless children nowadays.They are so kind.8.Rome was not built(建造) in a day,so you should work hard to make progress.9.I like the suit,but the jacket doesn't fit(合身) me.B)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
10.He weighs(weight) only 70 kilos now after taking a balanced diet.11.I can still speak some French now,for I taught(teach) Chinese in France several years ago.12.Thank you very much for giving(give) me a hand.13.If it rains(rain) tomorrow,we won't go for a picnic.14.The TV program Super Brain(《最强大脑》) is so fantastic that it is well worth watching(watch).15.Shi Yuqi,a badminton player(play) from Jiangsu,helped China win the 2018 Thomas Cup.16.I've learned/learnt(learn) a lot about Chinese history since I worked in China.17.Jim lent(lend) me two English books,but neither of them was easy enough for me.18.I met(meet) a primary schoolmate when I went back to my hometown last week.19.It was blowing(blow) hard at this time yesterday.20.When learning new English words,you should remember the spelling(spell) of these words.21.Everyone grows(grow) up with laughter and tears,and maybe this is the truth of life.22.We chose(choose) the house as our home as soon as we saw it.23.All the students in our class want to take part in the English speech competition(compete).24.Peter had an argument(argue) with his parents last night,which made him very sad.25.The director(direct) of this movie is really famous.He has won several prizes.C)根据句意及首字母提示填写单词26.The kind boy was happy to share his food with the hungry man.27.By reading 30 minutes a day,you can learn more words and improve your writing.28.Everyone knows that there is always something unpleasant to come in life.29.Please call this number if you require our goods.30.I am really tired.I need to lie down and have a rest.Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子。
专题03 动词和动词短语【课件】-2023年中考英语考前冲刺语法图解过关
【答案】B 【解析】句意:寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系,而不是冷色系。 考查动词辨析。protect保护;prefer更喜欢;pronounce发音;practise练习。 根据“People in cold areas...warm colours to calm colours”以及常识可知寒冷 地区的人更喜欢暖色系,prefer...to“与……相比,更喜欢……”。故选B。
【答案】B
【解析】句意:用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的。考查动词短语辨
析。look at看;point at指着;arrive at到达。根据“It’s impolite
to…anyone with your chopsticks.”可知,此处指用筷子指着别人,
故选B。
【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我们星期天去看电影好吗?——抱歉。我得照顾我的 妹妹。考查动词短语辨析。look after照顾;look for寻找;look up查询。根 据“I’ll have to … my younger sister”可知,此处指不得不照顾妹妹,故选A。
满分秘籍
易失分点
巧学妙记
不规 则变 化
语法图解
动
词
的
动 词
动 词
基
①一般动词在词尾加-ing:go-going; look-looking
和
本 现 ②以不发音的e结尾的词,去e加-ing:come-
动 词
形 在 coming; use-using
短
式 分 ③以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音
语动 词
词 字母加-ing:begin-beginning;run-running
和
本 人 box-boxes; finish-finishes; touch-touches
高考英语语法专项训练 第5讲 动词及动词短语
3. call
• • • • • • • call for call off call on call up call at call in call back 需要;要求;邀请 取消;停止 拜访(某人);看望;号召 打电话;使人想起;召集 访问(某地) 请来;召集 回电话;召回
e • come across • come along • come into effect • come on • come out
come through come to come up against come up with come back come true come about
经历;获得成功 苏醒;达到;总数为 碰到(困难) 赶上;提出 回来;反驳 变为现实 发生
6. give
• give away • give out (vi) • give off • give up • give in 赠送;颁发;泄露;告发;失去 分发;公布;公开;用完耗尽 发出;放出 放弃 屈服;投降;让步;上交;呈交
他给我带了一本好杂志。
(2)双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词
book(预订),buy(购买),choose(选择),cook(煮
),draw(画),fetch(去取),find(找到),fix(安装),
get(取得,带来),make(做),order(订购), prepare(准备),save(节省),sing(唱), spare(留出 ) My father bought me a new bicycle. =My father bought a new bicycle for me.
偶遇;碰到;讲清楚 进展;成功;一道走 生效
快点;走吧;有进展 出来;结果是出版
动词及动词短语知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) (1)
动词及动词短语知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)考点一动词的分类及用法【拓展迁移】1. 动词后面直接跟宾语的就是及物动词, 不直接跟宾语就是不及物动词。
如: He works very hard. (vi. )He studies English very hard. (vt. )2. 助动词do/did可以代替前面出现的动词, 以避免重复。
如:—Who cleaned the window?—Jim did.考点二动词的形式1. 动词第三人称单数的构成规律2. 现在分词的构成规律3. 动词的过去式及过去分词的构成规律(1)规则动词过去式构成规则注意: 规则动词的过去分词与过去式一样。
(2)不规则动词归纳①ABB型不规则动词(A代表动词原形, BB代表过去式过去分词相同)①ABC型不规则动词①AAA型不规则动词击中、受伤、让、吐痰、去掉、花费、读、放、砍。
(hit)(hurt)(let) (spit)(rid)(cost) (read)(put)(cut)【特别提示1】巧记动词加-s或-es动词有三单, 词尾常把-s添。
词尾若是s, ch, sh, 直接加上-es。
词尾有字母x或o, 加上-es不用愁。
辅音字母加y, 要把y变i。
【特别提示2】现在分词构成歌诀现在分词用途多, 进行时态不可缺。
它的构成很好记, 动词后缀-ing。
词尾若有哑音e, 去e再加没问题。
一辅重读闭音节, 这个字母要双写。
还有一点要注意, 改ie为y再加-ing。
【特别提示3】规则动词过去式构成口诀过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加-ed。
如果词尾有个e,直接加-d就可以。
“辅音字母+y”,先变y为i。
“一辅重闭”作尾巴,双写之后-ed加。
【图解】ABB型【图解】ABC型【图解】AAA型考点三常用动词短语的构成及用法1. 动词+ 介词break into破门而入; come from来自; deal with处理、对付; depend on依靠; get over 克服; laugh at 嘲笑; look after 照顾; look for 寻找; hear from收到……来信; take after与……相像; stand for 代表; send for派人去请; wait for等候2. 动词+ 副词come up 提出; cheer up使振奋、高兴; clean up打扫干净; fix up修理; give in 屈服; give away 赠送, 分发; hold on坚持、等一会; put up建立、发布; think over仔细考虑; wake up 醒来3. 动词+ 副词+ 介词add up to合计达; catch up with赶上; come up with 提出; get away from 逃离; keep away from远离; keep on with继续做; look down upon/on 蔑视; look forward to 期盼4. 动词+名词+介词make contributions to对……做出贡献; make friends with与……交朋友; make fun of 取笑; make progress in在……上取得进步; take care of照顾; take part in参加; take pride in以……为骄傲; pay attention to注意5. 动词+名词lose heart 灰心; make faces做鬼脸; make friends交朋友6. be+形容词+介词be fond of喜欢; be afraid of害怕; be famous for以……出名; be good at擅长;be ready for 为……做准备; be proud of 以……为自豪【拓展迁移】1. “动介词组”其后需要带宾语。
2012届英语:语法专项提升动词和动词短语课件
4.接现在分词作宾补的15个常用动词 .接现在分词作宾补的 个常用动词 catch(碰上;撞上),discover(发现 ,feel(感觉 ,find(发现 , 碰上;撞上 , 发现), 感觉), 发现), 碰上 发现 感觉 发现 get(让,使),have(使),hear(听见 ,keep(使),listen to(听),look at(看), 让 , 使, 听见), 使, 听, 看, 听见 notice(注意到 ,observe(观察 ,see(看见 ,start(使),watch(观察 注意到), 观察), 看见), 观察) 注意到 观察 看见 使, 观察 She observed a man walking in the street. 她看到ight burning all night long. 他让灯着了整整一个晚上。 他让灯着了整整一个晚上。
6. 接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的 个动词 接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的12个动词 like(喜欢 ,love(喜爱 ,hate(讨厌 ,prefer(宁愿 ,begin(开始 , 喜欢), 喜爱), 讨厌), 宁愿), 开始), 喜欢 喜爱 讨厌 宁愿 开始 start(开始 ,continue(继续 ,can’t bear(不能忍受 ,bother(费心 , 开始), 继续), 不能忍受), 费心), 开始 继续 不能忍受 费心 intend(想要 ,attempt(试图 想要), 试图) 想要 试图 Having talked to him for a while I started to like him. 和他聊了一会儿,我开始喜欢他了。 和他聊了一会儿,我开始喜欢他了。 They have already started planning for it. 他们早已开始计划此事了。 他们早已开始计划此事了。
高三英语语法专题复习 七、动词与动词短语 试题(共16页)
七、动词(dòngcí)与短语动词〔一〕知识重点归纳并记忆常见动词短语搭配和意义。
〔二〕知识呈现短语动词通常以动词为中心,通常由动词加副词或者介词构成。
英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来断定其释义,很多时候应根据详细语境判断它们的意义。
有的短语动词相当于及物动词,有的那么相当于不及物动词。
1.短语动词的构成〔1〕动词+副词clear away去除掉put away收起die away消失call back回look back回忆walk back走回break down坏了calm down平静下来get down 咽下come up上来blow up爆炸turn up出现show off夸耀 give off散发take off脱下break out发生blow out吹灭run out 用完〔2〕动词+介词bring about引起 look about 环顾四周 seek for寻找burst into 闯入 turn into使变成 look into调查see to 处理 devote to奉献给 deal with处理glance at匆匆(cōngcōng)一瞥 work at干……aim at向…瞄准differ from与…不同 result from由于 insist on坚持rely on依靠 bring in引进 hope for希望得到combine with结合 lead to导致,通向 set about 着手(3) 动词+副词+介词add up to总计 keep away from不靠近look down on轻视keep up with赶上 make up for弥补 get on with 相处get close to接近 get out of逃避,防止 do away with废除do well in在…干得好 put up with忍受catch up with赶上look up to 仰望,尊敬 run out of用完 look forward togo on with 继续 get down to认真开场break away from2.短语动词使用时须注意的几点(1)在短语动词中,副词可以放在动词宾语前或者后。
动词及动词短语知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) (7)
动词及动词短语知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)动词的分类实义动词1.believe词组believe in 确信,信任,信仰,主张make believe 假装(pretend to do sth.)seeing is believing 眼见为实2.blow词组blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走blow off 吹掉,吹散,吹灭blow out吹灭,走气blow up,放大(照片),吹大(气球),爆炸,发脾气3.break词组break away 摆脱,脱离break down 出故障,中止,分解、抛锚、破坏,粉碎;瓦解;衰弱,损坏;(健康等)垮掉,累垮;崩溃break in 打断,插话,闯入,强行进入,使顺服break into …闯入……,破门而入,突然开始,把(sth.)分成break (sth) off (使某物)折断,中断某事物,突然停止,打断,断绝break out (战争、火灾)突然发生,爆发,准备使用;起锚break up vt. 分解,分裂,拆散,碎开,开垦,vi.结束4.bring词组bring back 拿(送)回来,使恢复,使回忆bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼,使……苏醒bring down 使……降低,减少,使……倒下,使……落下,浓缩,收缩,击落bring in 引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入),吸收bring out 拿出,公布,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出5.build词组build ... into 把...建设成,把...装入build up 增加,增进,建成,振兴build up to 增加6.call词组call away 叫走,把(注意力)转移开call at (sp) 访问(某地),拜访(某地),停泊在call back 回电话call for 提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人,迎,取call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来,召集,来访,打电话,引入call off 取消,下令停止call on / upon 号召call on (sb) 拜访(某人),访问(某人)call out 大声呼喊,叫喊,唤起call up 给……打电话,使人想起,号召,召集7.catch词组catch /take fire 着火catch on 挂住,明白,理解,受欢迎catch out 发觉,抓住某人的错处8.check词组check in 报到,登记,投宿旅馆check off 检验,清点check on 检查,调查check out 查明,结帐,付款而离开旅馆check up 核对,检查,检验check with 商议,符合,核对无误e词组come about 发生,产生,(风,帆)改变方向come across 偶然相遇,想起;越过;偿付come along 一道来,随同,进展,出现come at …向……袭击,达到,求得,得到;扑向,袭击come back 回来,想起来,复原come down 下来,下落,倒下,降落;跌落;病倒come down to…到达,从一处来到另一处come for…来拿,来取come from…来自,出生于,起源于come in 进来,进入,流行起来;获名次come into being 形成,产生,出现come out 露出,出来,出现,出版,发(芽),(花)开,出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露come to an end 结束,终止come to know 逐渐地知道come true 变为现实,成为事实,证实come up with …提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上come upon (偶然)遇见,突然发生10.cut词组cut down 砍倒,砍下,削减,缩短cut in 插嘴,加塞,插入cut off 切断(线路),中断(供应),剪下,关掉cut sth. open 切开,切伤cut out 删除,剪下来,切下cut sth.short 缩减,截短cut through 凿通,挖通,贯穿cut up 切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉,割裂,歼灭11.fall词组fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默fall back撤退,后退fall behind 落后,落伍,落在后面fall down 倒下,落下,掉下,病倒,失败fall in love with...爱上(某人)12.get词组get across 度过,通过,横过;说服,使被理解get along 前进,进步;同意;离去,相处get around 走动,传播,影响,说服get away 移走,逃离(from),出发,开始度假get back 回来,取回,找回,退还,报复get behind 落后;识破get close to 接近get down vt.咽下;写下;使沮丧,使倒下vi.下来get in 进入,收获,达到,陷入;牵涉get in a word 插话get into 进入,陷入,养成get sb into…使某人陷入get it 接(电话),应(门),理解,懂得get off 下车,脱下(衣服等),送走,动身get on 上车,过活,穿上;进步,使前进;成功;相处get on / along with…进展,与……相处get out vi. 摆脱,出去,下车,泄露,离开get over 克服,恢复,原谅,越过,痊愈;克服,完成get up 起床,起身,研究,钻研;致力于;安排get through 接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(议案、考试等),到达get ready for 为……做准备13.give词组give about 分配;传播give away 赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发,牺牲,颁发give back 归还,送回give back 归还,反射give forth 发出,放出;发表give in 投降,让步,屈服give off 释放,发出,放出 (烟、光、热、气味等)give out vt.分发,公布,发出,使筋疲力尽 vi.用完,用完,耗尽14.keep词组keep away from 避开,别靠近keep company with...和...结交keep out of …不进入…y词组lay down 放下,使躺下,放弃,牺牲lay off (暂时)解雇,放弃,停止lay out 花费,投资,不置,打昏16.look词组look at 看着,注视,检查,着眼于look after 照顾,照料,照看look around / about 四处看看,四下环顾look back 回首,回忆,回顾过去look back on/upon…回顾……,回忆……look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望,期盼某事物/做某事look for 寻找,期望look out 向外看;注意,当心,提防,警惕look through 看透,仔细查看,浏览,翻阅,温习17.make词组make into 制成,作成(后面跟产品,制成品)be made in 在……生产/制造be made of 由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(物理变化)(能看出) made from 由……组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(化学变化)(看不出) be made up of = consist of 由……组成,由……构成]make out 理解,看清楚make up 化妆,打扮,和解,配制,编造,虚构,构成,组成made up one’s mind 下决心make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺,保证18.pass词组pass away 去世,(时间)过去pass by 通过,从旁边经过,(时间)过去pass into 变成,化为pass down 传下来,流传,使世代相传,一代一代传下去19.pick词组pick off 摘下,逐个地射死pick on 挑选,挑剔,惹恼pick out 挑选,认出pick up 开车接(某人),接收,获得,搭载,恢复,爬起,捡起,学会,认识,购买(便宜商品)pick up with...结识,与...交朋友20.put词组put away 将某物收拾起来,存钱,储存,存起来put down 扑灭,平息,镇压,记下,记下;削减;降落put forward 提出,建议,推荐,拨快,提倡put in 驶入,进入put off 延期,拖延,消除;推脱,脱下put on (戏)上演,放(唱片),穿戴,增加,拨快(钟表),推荐put out 扑灭,熄灭,使……停止燃烧,伸出,出版,生产,拿出,制造,刺杀put through 完成,(电话用语)拨通,使穿过put up 挂起,张贴,举起,抬起,搭起,建立,提名,推荐;陈列21.take词组be taken aback 吃惊take after 与某人相像,仿效take away 拿走,使离开。
高考英语总复习 语法专项提升动词和动词短语课件
答案: A
1.常用短语 (1)base...on...把……建立在……基础上 (2)care about 在乎,计较,介意(常用于否定句和疑问句) (3)cheer up高兴起来,振作起来 (4)carry out 实施,完成 (5)catch up with 赶上 (6)date back to/from 追溯至,始于…… (7)hold back 阻挡,忍住,保留,隐瞒 (8)knock down 撞倒,击倒 (9)lay aside 把……搁置一旁,储存 (10)work out 算出,制定出
place,accommodation,etc.),buy(a ticket,etc.)in advance预订(位子,
膳宿等),预购(票等);arrange安排,布置;take 拿走,取走。
答案: D
4 . ( 2 0 1 0 ·江 西 卷 ) P a re n t s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m u c h i m p o r t a n c e t o
A3演示文稿设计与制作 信息技术2.0 高考英语总复习 语法专项提升动词和动词短语课件
微能力认证作业
动词和动词短语
1.接不定式(不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词 afford(买得起;有能力做),agree(同意),arrange(安排),ask(要 求;让),beg(请求),fail(失败),choose(选择),decide(决定), demand(要求),determine(决定),expect(期待),fear(害怕),help(帮助), hope(希望),learn(学习),manage(设法),offer(提出),plan(计划), prepare(准备),pretend(假装),promise(许诺),refuse(拒绝),want(想 要),wish(希望) It is a very important exam so I can’t afford to fail it. 这是非常重要的考试,我不可以失败。 My neighbour offered to help me when I was in trouble. 当我困难时,邻居主动提出帮我忙。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
1.(2011·山东淄博模拟)The headmaster will________a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon.
A.deliver B.address
C.announce D.declare
解析:句意为:今天下午校长将要对来访的外宾发表讲话。
deliver 发表,deliver a speech 发表演讲。
address sb.对某人讲话,对某人发表演说;announce 宣布,通告;declare 宣告,声明。
答案: A
2.(2011·东北三校模拟)—I think I should wear a dress instead of this jeans.
—It’s just a small informal party,so you don’t have to________.
A.warm up B.put up
C.dress up D.keep up
解析:句意为:——我觉得我应该穿礼服不能穿牛仔服。
——这只是一个不太正式的小聚会,因此,你不必刻意打扮。
dress up 穿上特殊服装,乔装,化妆。
答案: C
3.(2011·山东临沂)If you keep practising your son in football,he ________to make a famous player.
A.wants B.hopes
C.promises D.wishes
解析:句意为:如果你坚持对你儿子进行足球训练,他有希望成为一个著名的球员。
promise 有前途,有……的可能。
答案: C
4.(2011·山东烟台模拟)Newly-developed materials for spaceships can________extreme weather conditions.
A.hold B.support
C.stand D.compete
解析:句意为:新研发的航空材料能经受极端天气条件的考验。
stand 抵抗,抵御,经受,符合语境。
答案: C
5.(2011·杭州模拟)Everyone in the village hoped that he would________after a few days’ treatment.
A.pick up B.come up
C.keep up D.make up
解析:句意为:村里的每一个人都希望他能在几天的治疗后康复。
pick up 好转,恢
复;come up 走上前来,发芽,发生;keep up 保持;make up 编造,弥补,化装,构成。
答案: A
6.(2011·山东枣庄调研)He didn’t ________what I said because his mind was on something else.
A.hold on B.hang on
C.take in D.get over
解析:句意为:他没有理解我说的话,因为他刚才想别的呢。
take in理解,领会;hold on 不挂断;hang on 坚持,不挂断,靠着,渴望;get over 爬过,克服,熬过,恢复。
答案: C
7.(2010·3月济南模拟)Stella was disappointed to find her new plan________and fell into great depression.
A.put away B.carried out
C.turned down D.left out
解析:考查动词短语辨析。
句意为:Stella 看到她的计划被拒绝非常失望,难以振作。
put away 收起来,放好;carry out 完成;turn down 拒绝;leave out 漏掉,忽略。
答案: C
8.(2010·4月济南模拟)What the young man can’t________is that his mum always treats him like a baby.
A.support B.undertake
C.hold D.bear
解析:考查动词辨析。
bear 此处表示“忍受”;support 表示“支持”;undertake 表示“从事”;hold 则表示“容纳”。
根据语意“那个年轻人无法容忍的是……”,选D项。
答案: D
9.(2010·4月济南模拟)Internet shopping is really________when people are sure of its safety.
A.taking off B.taking up
C.setting off D.setting up
解析:考查动词词组辨析。
句意为:当人们确认了它的安全性之后,网络购物真的迅速流行起来。
take off 表示“迅速流行”;take up 表示“从事,占据”;set off 表示“出发”;set up 表示“建造,建立”。
根据语意选A项。
答案: A
10.(2011·黑龙江检测)The girl nodded with a smile as if she had ________his mind.
A.read B.found
C.watched D.noticed
解析:考查动词词义辨析。
read one’s mind 是固定搭配,表示“读懂某人的心思”。
答案: A
11.(2011·福建龙岩检测)She is working hard all day long,which will surely________her success in her future work.
A.result from B.contribute to
C.benefit from D.stick to
解析:考查动词词组辨析。
语意表示“她整天努力工作,这肯定会有助于她未来工作的成功”。
这里contribute to 表示“导致,有助于”;result from 表示“因……发生”;benefit from表示“从……中获益”;stick to 则表示“坚持”。
根据句意,选B项。
答案: B
12.(2010·3月济南模拟)Thanks to the success of the business,we can________a flat this year.
A.make B.devote
C.remove D.afford
解析:考查动词辨析。
句意为:由于生意很好,今年我们能买得起房子了。
afford 买得起,负担得起。
答案: D
13.(2010·黑龙江检测)I didn’t like the soap opera at first,but when I started watching one,I immediately became ________it.
A.accustomed to B.addicted to
C.opposed to D.allergic to
解析:考查动词词组辨析。
句意为:我起初不喜欢肥皂剧,但看了一个后我马上就上瘾了。
这里用become addicted to 表示“对……上瘾/入迷”;become accustomed to 表示“习惯于……”;become opposed to 表示“反对……”;become allergic to 则表示“对……过敏”。
根据语意选B项。
答案: B
14.(2010·海南五校联考)—Have you been________?
—Yeah.As a matter of fact,I’ve been going to the gym for half a year now.
A.carrying out B.turning out
C.making out D.working out
解析:考查动词短语。
——你一直健身吗?——是的,事实上,我去健身房已有半年了。
work out 有“(定期)锻炼,健身”的意思,符合题意。
make out 应付,过;carry out 实施,执行;turn out 出席,在场。
答案: D
15.(2010·南京第三次模拟)The idea of travelling abroad really________a lot of Chinese people.That’s why every year witnesses more people applying for passports.
A.takes to B.caters to
C.attends to D.appeals to
解析:本题考查动词短语。
根据题中的后一句可知,出国游吸引了很多中国人,因此选择appeal to(吸引)。
cater to迎合,满足某人的要求;attend to 照看,处理;take to 开始喜欢。
答案: D。