一些食品包装材料的测试要求

一些食品包装材料的测试要求（翻译不好）
随着食品供应和包装技术的不断发展，我们的日常生活与食品包装接触可作为食品包装材料丰富的纸张，玻璃，塑料薄膜，金属和复合材料种类繁多，令人印象深刻的描述，包装已形状主要杯，瓶，袋，袋，房屋形状，罐等。

食品包装材料的性能要求，保证食品质量具有非常重要的作用，在一些食品包介绍了传统的测试要求，材料的性能。

1。

食品包装材料的基本性能测试：
1。

抗拉伸强度，断裂伸长率测试：
最基本的食品包装的功能是作为承载食品的容器，它要求材料具有一定的实力，以防止意外的破裂。

包抗材料的抗拉强度，断裂伸长是最基本的性能要求，我们可以使用定速拉伸试验万能试验机获得的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。

2。

作为工业生产和包装材料产品，其厚度和宽度的尺寸偏差应符合一定的程序要求，我们需要使用复杂的厚度，采用φ16mm的接触面，测量压力50.37千帕，以示0.5μm测量精度测量薄膜或片材厚度。

3。

密封性能：
食品包装的大量稳定的高温，高压和时间下，密封，在测试的密封效果超出使用标准热封仪进行标准热封闭使用，然后万能试验机热的密封强度测试密封。

4。

摩擦系数测试：
瓶装饮料常用热收缩膜，热收缩膜之间的摩擦系数瓶标签是非常重要的，过多的摩擦，不容易套膜或会小睡;及摩擦太小， 1瓶体，容易脱离从膜收缩。

同时，在包装，运输和储存过程中包装材料的生产，因为摩擦系数会导致许多问题，所以需要使用的摩擦系数测试仪专用。

二。

在食品包装材料安全测试要求：
从包装容器的基本功能，除了最大的作用是保护环境的影响，从粮食流通，以确保食品的安全质量的规定仍然有效，这已成为消费者最关注的，国家的政策是明确的包装材料，以便强制检验，逐步实施。

1。

卫生材料包装标准：
对包装材料的有害成分的检测，如汞，砷，苯和其他内容的分析。

2。

包屏障材料测试：
氧气和水蒸汽环境中，通过包装材料来影响食品的保质期，过量的氧气将食物(如奶制品，肉类，果汁等)酸败的恶化，使味道碳酸饮料的变化，以及过度的水蒸汽将饼干，膨化等潮湿，霉变的食物，影响食品安全。

因此要求食品包装应具有良好的阻隔效果。

随着多层共挤复合膜，聚偏二氯乙烯薄膜涂层和薄膜材料，如高阻隔应用，目前国内标准和法律(透气)和压差法(空气)和使用的杯食品企业其他测试其灵敏度和测量范围传统的测试方法已无法准确量化的高阻隔材料测试。

例如，需要为烹饪，透气性复合膜透
氧率和国家标准率比0.5cc/m2day和0.5g/m2day不多，一些水蒸汽渗透率的粮食生产所需的知名跨国公司小于0.15g/m2day。

在了ASTM D3985(氧气)，美国ASTM F1249线使用(透湿)标准要求的最先进的检测设备，如压力的方法，我们可以测量到的最高灵敏度0.005cc/m2day和0.005g/m2day，远远超过上述规定;连同试验样品的温度和湿度控制，以更好地测试EVOH的，尼龙和其他亲水性材料。

除薄膜材料的测试，我们也应进行一次全面的渗透测试包，原因袋边缘的影响密封，包装，灌瓶膜材料及线，且非常靠近，将违反阻隔性能。

例如，酸奶杯用料都非常良好的阻隔片材和复合膜，但是由于在杯子上边缘到硬盘身体没有形成，这将导致与盖和软密封的封装测试问题更准确地预测食品的保质期。

目前，只有压缩方法，如设备，以测试包的渗透性。

3。

包装密封性测试：
的微型孔和密封包装包装材料会破坏一方面印章的质量，它会影响到包装的阻隔性能的压力，食物时，另一个方面的原因(特别是液体)渗出包装，其他食品和环境的污染。

我们必须密封测试仪输入压缩空气压力产生积极的包装，或真空包装产生的负面压力，压力将包装达到一定的静压，然后观察包装压力减少的速度，以确定值得的紧张。

4。

包顶空空气分析：
一些牛奶，咖啡，薯片等氮的包装，或果汁和碳酸饮料，以检查在包装内气体成分变化的工厂或在安全质量，我们需要使用快速的顶空空气分析仪的氧气和二氧化碳含量的分析包装，进行以确保储存期，以确保食品安全包装。

插入探头，以便一硬包装罐硬型，而且还与必要的专门工具和工作平台。

5。

包装材料不透明：
的有机食品，是一项很敏感，紫外线，因为紫外线辐射引起的氧化，因此，包装有一定的要求透明度来阻挡光线，但有很多很好的包装透光率要求显示内部产品(如保鲜膜)。

3。

食品包装材料的印刷性能测试外观：
1。

印刷表面粗糙度测试：
成品包装上的产品将有明确的标志图案印刷。

但是，我们也发现在一些材料(特别是纸或层压纸)包装印刷模糊，有些是和油墨质量，色彩的过程，但大多数是和印刷表面粗糙度。

一般油墨的只有几十微米的厚度，如果印刷表面粗糙度大花，那么将纳入印刷材料嵌入墨层深，使表面墨层厚度不均匀会导致头发粘贴白色的现象。

我们应该印刷表面粗糙度测试，通过模拟的条件进行从对印刷材料的影响程度平滑微观角度印刷表面粗糙度的测量，可以根据粗糙度的结果，按照2〜2.5次调整墨层的厚度。

2。

油墨摩擦测试：
有时候，我们在食品包装联系，我们会遇到油墨污水的手，或油墨脱落的现象被发现，而消费者的购买意欲将有很大的影响。

为了了解在基材粘接性能油墨，但我们有墨水摩擦测试，使用标准的镇流器，使两个相互通过设置摩擦速度，看到了印刷油墨稳定的性能的其他材料。

根据不同的实际使用情况，分做摩擦，湿摩擦，湿转让，湿，热污损的摩擦型。

3。

条码印刷质量测试：
每一种商品，将有条形码标签，其中包括生产，质量，运输和许多其他信息，条码印刷质量是好是坏的严重影响产品销售和流通。

中国出口产品因条码印刷的质量事件已经归还并非偶然。

不同的条码扫描器，条码按照质量与岑/ ANSI和标准检测/东区走廊15416和传统分析，类似的规定，可以重现评级的质量，给多组数据，显示该问题(如对比度，缺陷，偏差的大小等等)。

值得一提的是，条码质量检测需要固定的角度和距离的测试孔径和波长校准和环境条件的统一定义，以确保结果的重复性。

4。

食品包装其他一些测试要求：
食品在食品包装近距离保护，我们还必须考虑到许多人为因素，以方便消费者使用，例如：a.包装覆盖层的结合强度：如酸奶杯，方便乞求取消上限。

湾第扭矩的要求。

长的泡罩包装优势：如酸奶杯，砖式千斤顶等包装。

就需要这些测试项目，食品生产和食品包装材料生产商提供准确的测试和测量设备的使用，按照健全质量控制的国家和行业标准，高质量的食品，以满足消费者的需求。

Some of the food package material testing requirements
With the food supply and the continuous development of packaging technology, our daily lives come into contact with food packaging can be described as varied and impressive types of food packaging materials rich paper, glass, plastic film, metal and composite materials, packaging has the shape of the main cup, bottles, bags, bags, house-shaped, cans and so on. Food packaging materials performance requirements to protect food quality has a very important role, where some food packets introduce the performance of conventional materials testing requirements.
1. food package materials basic performance test:
1. anti-tensile strength, elongation at break test:
most basic function of food packaging are as bearer food containers, which requires the material to have a certain strength to prevent rupture of the accident. Package of anti-material tensile strength, elongation at break is the most basic performance requirements, we can use universal testing machine for tensile test with constant speed to get the tensile strength and elongation at break.
2. as industrial production and application of the package material products, its thickness and width of the size of deviation should meet certain requirements, we need to use sophisticated thickness, using the contact surface φ16mm, measuring the pressure of 50.37< br> kPa, to 0.5μm measurement accuracy for measuring thin film or sheet thickness.
3. sealing performance:
a lot of food packaging is the use of stable high-temperature, high pressure and time under the sealing, the sealing effect of the test is carried out using standard heat sealing instrument standard hot closure, and then universal testing machine for heat sealing of the seal strength testing.
4. friction coefficient test:
bottled beverages tags commonly used heat shrinkable film, heat shrinkable film and bottles between the friction coefficient is very important, too much friction, it is not easy sets of membrane or will have nap; and friction is too small, a bottle body and easy detachment from the membrane contraction. At the same time, the production of packaging materials in packaging, transportation and storage process, because the friction coefficient will lead to many problems, so it is necessary to use the exclusive use of coefficient of friction tester for testing.
II. the safety of food packaging materials testing requirements:
packaging apart from the basic functions of the container, the biggest role is to protect the flow of food from environmental impacts, to ensure the validity of food in the provisions of the quality of security, which has become the consumers are most concerned about, national policy has been clear, for the mandatory inspection of package material order are gradually implemented.
1. sanitary material package standards:
on the package material harmful ingredients detection, such as mercury, arsenic, benzene and other content analysis.
2. packet barrier materials testing:
environment of oxygen and water vapor through the packaging material to influence the shelf life of food, excess oxygen will food (such as dairy products , meat, fruit juice, etc.)rancidity deterioration, so that the taste of carbonated drinks variation; and excessive water vapor will make biscuits, puffed food, such as damp and moldy, affecting food safety. Therefore requested the food packaging should have a good barrier effect. With the multi-layer co-extruded composite films, PVDC coated films and film materials, such as high-barrier applications, the current domestic standards and food enterprises of the cup used by law (breathable)and the differential pressure method (air)and other traditional test method of testing their sensitivity and measurement range has been unable to accurately quantify the high-barrier materials testing. For example, for cooking-resistant composite membrane breathable oxygen permeation rate and the rate of National standards require that not more than 0.5cc/m2day and 0.5g/m2day, some well-known transnational corporations in food production requirements of water vapor permeability rate of less than 0.15g/m2day.
use in line with the ASTM D3985 (oxygen), ASTM F1249 (breathable)standards require the most advanced testing equipment such as pressure method, we can measure up to the maximum sensitivity 0.005cc/m2day and 0.005g/m2day , far exceeding the above requirements; together with the test sample temperature and humidity control, to better test EVOH, NYLON and other hydrophilic materials.
except for the thin film materials testing, we should also conduct an overall package of the permeability test, the reasons bags are the effects of edge sealing, packaging, bottle filling film material and thread, and so close, would violate the barrier properties. For example, yogurt cup the materials used are very good barrier sheet and composite membranes, but due to the hard body at the top edge of the cup is not formed, this will result in between the lid and soft-sealing problem of package test can more accurately predict the shelf life of food. At present, only compression method, such as equipment in order to test the permeability of packages.
3. packing tightness test:
package material on the micro-holes and sealed packaging would undermine the quality of the seal, on the one hand, it will affect the packaging barrier properties, another aspects of food in the pressure when the cause (especially liquid)exudative packaging, the pollution of other foods and the environment. We need to seal tester to input compressed air to generate positive pressure packing, or packaging of vacuum generated negative pressure, the pressure will be packing up to a certain static pressure, and then observe the packing pressure of reduced speed, in order to determine the merits of tightness.
4. package headspace air analysis:
for some milk, coffee, potato chips, etc. Nitrogen-based packaging, or fruit juice and carbonated beverage, in order to inspect the factory or in the security quality during the gas composition inside the packaging changes, we need to use fast headspace air analyzer, on the packaging of oxygen and carbon dioxide content analysis carried out in order to ensure that the packing of the storage period to ensure food safety. Insert the probe in order to be a hard type of hard-packed cans, but also with the necessary specialized tools and working platforms.
5. packaging materials opacity:
a lot of organic food is very sensitive to ultraviolet light, because ultraviolet radiation caused by oxidation, so the packaging has a certain required opacity to block out light; but there are many Packaging very good light transmission rate required to display the internal products (such as cling film).
three. food packaging materials printed appearance of performance testing:
1. printing surface roughness testing:
finished product on the packaging will be printed with clear patterns and logo. However, we also found in some materials (especially paper or laminating
paper)packaging printing fuzzy, some are and ink quality, color process, but most are and printing on the surface roughness. General printing ink layer thickness of only a few dozen microns, if the printing surface roughness Spend big, then the printing will be embedded into the material墨层deep, making the surface uneven thickness墨层could lead to hair paste white phenomenon. We should be printing surface roughness testing, by simulating the conditions to carry out printing surface roughness measurement, from the micro perspective of the degree of smoothing material impact on the printing may be based on the results of roughness, in accordance with the 2 ~ 2.5 times to adjust墨层thickness.
2. ink rubbing test:
Sometimes we in contact with food packaging, we will encounter sewage hands ink, or ink shedding phenomenon was found, which consumers desire to purchase will have a great influence. In order to understand the printing ink in the substrate adhesion properties, but we do have ink rubbing test, using a standard ballast so that two materials with each other by setting the speed of friction, see the solid performance of printing ink. According to the actual use of the different situations, sub-do friction, wet friction, wet transfer, wet and hot defaced friction type.
3. bar code print quality test:
each commodity, there will be a bar code label, which includes production, quality, transportation and many other information, bar code print quality will be good or bad serious impact on product sales and circulation. China’s export products due to bar code print quality of the incident has been returned is not accidental. Different bar-code scanners, bar code quality detector in accordance with the CEN / ANSI, ISO / IEC 15416 and the traditional analysis, the provision of comparable and can reproduce the quality of ratings, and give multiple sets of data, suggesting that the problem (such as contrast, defects, the size of deviation, etc.). It is worth noting that, barcode quality test required a fixed angle and distance, a uniform definition of the test aperture and wavelength calibration and environmental conditions to ensure repeatability of results.
four. food packaging a number of other testing requirements:
food packaging in the close protection of food, we must also consider the many human factors to facilitate consumer use, such as: a. packaging tectum of the bonding strength: such as yogurt cup to facilitate hand bowl lift cap.
b. cap torque requirements.
C. Packaging of the bubble cap edge: such as yogurt cup, brick-style jack, such as packaging.
As far as these test items, food production and food packaging materials manufacturer required the use of accurate measurement and testing equipment, in accordance with national and industry standards for sound quality control, to high-quality food products to meet consumer needs.。