物流管理双语复习题

Multiple Choice Questions
1.Logistics clearly contributes to ___________ and ___________ utility.
a.time; place
b.form; time
c.place; form
d.possession; time
2.“How well a company does what it says it’s going to do” represents
___________.
a.efficiency
b.productivity
c.leading edge logistics
d.effectiveness
3.Every customer getting the same type and levels of logistics service refers to
___________.
a.tailored logistics
b.mass logistics
c.effectiveness
d.efficiency
4.Which of the following is not a reason for the increased importance of logistics?
a.growing power of manufacturers
b.reduction in economic regulation
c.globalization of trade
d.technological advances
5.The four basic components of the marketing mix include all of the following
except:
a.price
b.production
c.product
d.place
6.__________ refers to one location where customers can purchase products from
two or more brand-name retailers.
a.Intensive distribution
b.Co-branding
c.Co-generation
d.Selective distribution
nded costs refer to:
a. a product that is shipped via surface transport
b. a product that is quoted cash on delivery (COD)
c. a prepaid shipment
d. a price that includes both the cost of the product plus transportation to the
buyer
8.Phantom freight refers to:
a.paying more for transportation than the actual cost
te shipments
c.shipments accepted by non-certified carriers
d.freight that “disappears” in transit
9.Freight absorption refers to:
a. a special rate to cover increasing fuel costs
b.rates that are higher than other carriers charge
c.the ability of cardboard to absorb moisture
d.transportation payments lower than the actual costs incurred to ship the
product
10. In FOB origin pricing, all of the following are true except:
a. prices quoted do no include transportation to the consignee
b. marketers can adopt uniform prices on a regional or national basis
c. consignees must arrange for the transportation of the purchased product
d. the seller always receives the same net from each sale
11. ___________ refers to a situation where the applicable charges are paid at the time a shipment is tendered to a carrier.
a.Freight prepaid
b.Freight absorption
c.Phantom freight
d.Freight collect
12. __________ refers to charges being paid at the time of shipment delivery.
a.Freight prepaid
b.Freight absorption
c.Phantom freight
d.Freight collect
13.A ____________ encompasses all activities associated with the flow and transformation of goods from the raw material stage, through to the end user, as well as the associated information flows.
a．supply chain management
b．supply chain
c．marketing channel
d．warehouse
14.Which of the following are not key attributes of supply chain management?
a.inventory control
b.leveraging technology
c.supplier power
d. a long-term orientation
15.Contemporary supply chains should be fast and ____________.
a．lean
b．agile
c．interactive
d．relevant
16. What is a perfect order?
a．simultaneous achievement of relevant customer metrics
b．an order that arrives on time
c．an order that arrives undamaged
d．an order that is easy for the receiver to fill
17.Which of the following is not associated with relational exchanges?
a.independence
b.trust
mitment
d.shared benefits
18. Positive, long-term relationships between supply chain participants refer to:
a.supply chain
b.tailored logistics
c.partnerships
d.supply chain management
19,.The two key factors that have sparked much of the technological change affecting supply chains are ____________ and ____________.
a.EDI; ERP
puting power; ERP
c.EDI; Internet
puting power; Internet
20.The bullwhip effect:
a．is an ineffective way to motivate warehouse employees
b．applies to rodeos and has nothing to do with supply chain management
c．refers to the “swaying” motion associated with triple trailers
d．refers to variability in demand orders among supply chain participants 21.Supply chain collaboration can be classified as transactional, strategic, or ____ in nature.
a.operational
b.superorganizational
c.managerial
d.tactical information sharing
22.Which of the following is not a barrier to supply chain management?
a. regulatory and political considerations
ck of top management commitment
c. inventory control
d. incompatible corporate cultures
23.Data mining:
a. is illegal in the United States
b. is synonymous with marginal analysis
c.looks for patterns and relationships in relevant data
d.can only be done by grocery stores
24.____ refers to “how we do things around here” and reflects an organization's vision, values, and strategic plans.
a. Supply chain management
anizational behavior
c. A mission statement
d. Corporate culture
25.There are three primary methods that organizations can pursue when attempting to integrate their supply chains. Which of the following is not one of them?
a. vertical integration
b.intensive distribution
c. formal contracts
rmal agreements
26All of the following are factors that distinguish contemporary third-party logistics from earlier efforts except:
a. there tends to be a formal contract in contemporary 3PL
b.contemporary 3PL focuses on customized offerings
c.contemporary 3PL has a transactional focus
d. contemporary 3PL focuses on mutual benefits
27.What is a fourth-party logistics provider?
a. a fourth -party logistics provider that has been in existence for at least
25 years
b. a fourth -party logistics provider that has achieved ISO 9000 certification
c. a logistics intermediary that specializes in one logistics activity (e.g., transportation, warehousing)
d. a general contractor that coordinates the activities of third-party logistics providers
28.The most popular automatic identification system currently in use is ___________.
a. voice-data entry
b. radio frequency identification
c. magnetic strips
d. bar code scanners
29.Research suggests ____________ and ____________ to be the logistics functions with the highest degree of Internet usage.
A.transportation; order management
B.order management; inventory management
C.warehousing; inventory management
D.transportation; warehousing
30.Which of the following statements is false?
A.orders associated with online retailing tend to be for smaller
quantities than in-store retailing
B.online retailers are challenged by last mile considerations
C.online retailing and in-store retailing experience similar rates of
product return
D.online retailing is characterized by open-case, rather than full-case,
picking
31.Surveys and analog techniques are examples of ____ forecasting.
A.cause and effect
B.time series
C.exponential smoothing
D.judgmental
32.An underlying assumption of ____ forecasting is that future demand is dependent on past demand.
A.trial and error
B.time series
C.judgmental
D.cause and effect
33.Which forecasting techniques tends to be appropriate when there is little or no historical data?
A.exponential smoothing
B.judgmental
C.time series
D.cause and effect
34.The order cycle is:
A.the time that it takes for a check to clear
B.the time that it takes from when a customer places an order until
the selling firm receives the order
C.also called the replenishment cycle
D.also called the vendor cycle
35.The order cycle is composed of each of the following except:
A.order picking and assembly
B.order delivery
C.order retrieval
D.order transmittal
36.Order transmittal is:
A.the same thing as an order cycle
B.the series of events that occur between the time a customer places
an order and the time the seller receives the order
C.the series of events that occur between the time the customer
perceives the need for something and the time the seller receives
the order
D.the series of events between the time a customer places an order
and the time the order cycle begins
37.Which of the following is not a possible method of order transmittal?
A.in-person
B.mail
C.fax
D.letter
38.Ordering by ____ can be fast and convenient, but order errors are generally not detected until the order is delivered.
A.telephone
B.mail
C.fax
D.electronic
39.____ refers to the time from when the seller receives an order until an appropriate location is authorized to fill the order.
A.Order processing
B.order picking and assembly
C.order delivery
D.Order transmittal
40.Classifying orders according to pre-established guidelines so that a company can prioritize how orders are to be filled refers to ____.
A.order management
B.order processing
C.order triage
D.ABC analysis
41.The final phase of the order cycle is called order ____________.
A.picking and assembly
B.delivery
C.picking and assembly
D.processing
423.The time span within which an order must arrive refers to ____.
A.transit time
B.delivery window
C.order delivery
D.transit time reliability
43. ____ compares a customer’s actual experience with the expected experience.
a. customer satisfaction
b. customer service
c. customer loyalty
d. order management
44. The ability of logistics management to satisfy users in terms of time, dependability, communication, and convenience is the definition of:
a. customer satisfaction
b. the order cycle
c. perfect order
d. customer service
45.Which of the following is not a dimension of customer service?
a)time
b)convenience
c)distance
d)communication
46.____ refers to materials used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery, and presentation of goods.
a)Packaging
b) A box
c)Materials handling
d)Procurement
47.Which of the following is not a general function of packaging?
a)to promote
b)to protect
c)to facilitate product handling
d)to identify (label)
48.Which of the following is false?
a)package labeling is usually done at the end of the assembly line
b)code numbers are preferable to words for labeling a product
c)some firms are moving from one dimensional to two dimensional
bar codes
d)batch numbers are frequently assigned to food and drug products
49.Which of the following is not a characteristic of plastic packaging? 重复
a)lack of versatility
b)takes a long time to biodegrade
c)plastic is dependent on petroleum
d)plastic litter can kill marine animals
50.The short distance movement of material between two or more points refers to:
a)warehousing
b)transportation
c)materials handling
d)materials management
51.A ____ is a uniform, sealed reusable metal box in which goods are shipped.
a)container
b)vessel
c)trailer
d)crate
52.____ is generally the fastest form of transportation for shipments exceeding 600 miles.
a)Less-than-truckload carriers
b)Air
c)Parcel carriers
d)Truckload carriers
53.Consignees are:
a)preferred suppliers
b)receivers of freight
c)shippers of freight
d)extremely large LTL carriers
54.Consignors are:
a)preferred suppliers
b)receivers of freight
c)shippers of freight
d)extremely large LTL carriers
55.The primary advantage for motor carriers is ____.
a)reliability
b)speed
c)capability
d)flexibility
56.Of the modes with vehicles, ____ offer the greatest capacity (volume that can be carried at one time).
a)railroads
b)water carriers
c)motor carriers
d)airlines
57.____ transportation occurs when two or more modes work closely together in an attempt to utilize the advantages of each mode while at the same time minimizing their disadvantages.
a)Multimodal
b)Intramodal
c)Intermodal
d)Collaborative
58.The primary advantage to land bridge service is ____.
a)less loss and damage
b)reduced transit time
c)lower transportation cost
d)improved reliability
59.The most important single transportation document is the:
a)bill of lading
b)freight bill
c)commercial invoice
d)certificate of origin
60.An order bill of lading is used:
a)for overseas shipments
b)when a shipment must be expedited
c)when a shipment is started before the buyer is
known
d)to guard against disruptions in transit
61.Demurrage charges are collected by which two modes of transportation?
a)truck; rail
b)pipeline; air
c)rail; water
d)truck; pipeline
62.____ occurs when a shipper notifies a carrier, prior to a shipment’s arrival in a destination city, of a change in destination.
a)Diversion
b)Reconsignment
c)Demurrage
d)Detention
63.____ occurs when a shipment’s destination is cha nged after it has arrived in the destination city.
a) Diversion
b)Demurrage
c)Reconsignment
d) Detention
64.A “brownfield” is:
a．term for where crushed boxes are kept before recycling
b．term that refers to a potential facility site that has no trees needing to be cleared before construction
c．location that contain chemicals or other types of industrial waste
d．an airport that lacks paved runways
65.The center-of-gravity approach to location analysis minimizes:
a)labor costs
b)warehousing costs
c)taxes
d)distance to existing facilities
66.How does the weighted center-of-gravity approach to location analysis differ from the center-of-gravity approach to location analysis?
a)the weighted approach considers taxes
b)the weighted approach is less complicated
c)the weighted approach considers shipment
volume
d)the weighted approach considers tapering
rates
67.____ stock refers to inventory that is held in addition to cycle stock to guard against uncertainty in demand and/or lead time.
a)Buffer
b)Base
c)Pipeline
d)Speculative
68.____ stock refers to inventory that is needed to satisfy normal demand during the course of an order cycle.
a)Psychic
b)Speculative
c)Base
d)Pipeline
69.____ stock refers to inventory that is en route between various nodes in a logistics system.
a)Base
b)Safety
c)Pipeline
d)Speculative
70.____ stock refers to inventory that is held for several reasons, to include seasonal demand, projected price increases, and potential shortages of product.
a)Base
b)Safety
c)Pipeline
d)Speculative
71.Each of the following is a component of inventory carrying cost except:
a)storage cost
b)accounting cost
c)shrinkage cost
d)interest cost
72.Which of the following situations is likely the most damaging (costly) with respect to a stockout?
a)the customer buys a substitute product that yields a higher profit for the seller
b)the customer buys a substitute product that yields a lower profit for the seller
c)the customer goes to a competitor for this purchase
d)the customer says “Call me when it’s in”
73.When marginal analysis is used with respect to safety stocks one is looking for:
a)the point where the costs of holding additional safety stock are equal to the
savings in stockout costs avoided
b)the point where the costs of holding additional safety stock are equal to the
carrying costs of the EOQ
c)the point at which 95% of possible demand situations can be covered
d)the point at which the marginal cost of one additional unit of safety stock is
nearly zero
74.Inventory flow diagrams illustrate that safety stock can prevent two problem areas, ____ and ____.
a)increased rate of demand; longer-than-normal replenishment
b)decreased rate of demand; shorter-than-normal replenishment
c)increased rate of demand; shorter-than-normal replenishment
d)decreased rate of demand; longer-than-normal replenishment
75.____ recognizes that all inventories are not of equal value to a firm and thus all inventories should not be managed in the same way.
a)Vendor-managed inventory
b)Suboptimization
c)Marginal analysis
d)ABC analysis
76.Under ____, the size and timing of replenishment orders are the responsibility of the manufacturer.
a)Quick Response
b)Supply Chain Management
c)Vendor-Managed Inventory
d)Efficient Consumer Response
77____ items refer to those that are used or distributed together.
a)Me-too
b)Substitute
c)Co-branded
d)Complementary
78.____ products refer to products that customers view as being able to fill the same need or want as another product.
a)Copycat
b)Cannibalized
c)Substitute
d)Complementary
79.Warehouses emphasize ____ and their primary purpose is to maximize____.
a.product storage; throughput
b.product storage; usage of available storage space
c.rapid movement of product; throughput
d.rapid movement of product; usage of available storage space
80. Distribution centers emphasize ____ and their primary purpose is to maximize____.
e.product storage; throughput
f.product storage; usage of available storage space
g.rapid movement of product; throughput
h.rapid movement of product; usage of available storage space
a.
81.Which of the following is not a characteristic of public warehousing?
a.requires no capital investment from user
er receives a regular bill for space used
c.good for companies dealing with large volumes of inventory
ck of control by user
e.all are characteristics
82.All are characteristics of private warehousing, except:
a)owned or occupied on a long-term lease by the firm using them
b)feasible when demand patterns are regular
c)users have a great deal of control
d)may reduce an organization’s flexibility
83. 101.Multi-client warehousing mixes attributes of ____ and ____ warehousing.
a)public; contract
b)public; common
c)common; private
d)private; contract
84. Procurement and ____ are viewed as synonymous terms.
a)materials management
b)supply management
c)purchasing
d)inbound logistics
85.____ benefits focus on the savings that come from adherence to established procurement policies.
a)Transactional
b)Compliance
c)Management information
d)Price
86.Which of the following is false?
a)Electronic procurement has facilitated online reverse auctions.
b)Buyers like reverse auctions because they aim to generate low
procurement prices.
c)In reverse auctions a buyer invites bids from multiple sellers.
d)The low(est) bid must be accepted in reverse auctions.
87.The text suggests that ____ often represents the best opportunity to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of an order cycle.
a)order transmittal
b)order delivery
c)order processing
d)order picking and assembly
88.Freight forwarders: D
A.are the same as shippers’ associations
B.consolidate the shipments of several carriers
C.represent the consignees’ interests
D.consolidate the shipments of several shippers
89. ____ refers to rapidly moving a shipment through a carrier’s system. A
A.Expediting
B.Routing
C.Tracing
D.Cross-docking
90．The ____principle of materials handling reminds us that the shortest distance between two points is a straight line. D
A.ergonomic
B.system
C.standardization
D.work
91. The order cycle is: B
E.the time that it takes for a check to clear
F.the time that it takes from when a
customer places an order until the selling
firm receives the order
G.also called the replenishment cycle
H.also called the vendor cycle
92. What is regarded as the key development in intermodal transportation over the past 30 years? C
A. economic deregulation
B.improved rail access
C.the container
D.the Internet
93.Shippers’ associations:
a)are the same as a freight forwarder
b)function in a manner similar to freight forwarders
c)specialize in truckload shipments
d)are used only for agricultural products
94.A transportation broker:
a)looks to match a shipper’s freight with a carrier to transport it
b)deals only with agricultural products
c)is the same as a freight forwarder
d)tends to be spun off from carriers or management consulting
firms
95.Each of the following statements about free trade zones are false, except:
a)they must be located adjacent to ports or
airports
b)they cannot be used for processing or
manufacturing
c)they require duties to be paid prior to
leaving the trade zone
d)they have become less popular in recent
years
96.____ refers to stocks of goods and materials that are maintained for many purposes, the most common being to satisfy normal demand patterns.
a)Logistics
b)Supply chain management
c)Inventory
d)Production
97.____ refers to the raw materials, component parts, and supplies bought from outside organizations to support a company’s operations.
a)Inbound logistics
b)Procurement
c)Materials management
d)Supply management
98.A focus on satisfying internal customers is associated with which procurement objective?
a)managing the supply base
b)supporting organizational goals and objectives
c)managing the purchasing process effectively and efficiently
d)supporting operational requirements
99. ____ systems consider the reverse flow of products, their reuse, and the marketing and distribution of recovered products.
a)Eco-
b)Open-loop
c)Retro-movement
d)Closed-loop
100. According to the text, ____________ has been at the center of the changes taking place that affect the supply chain.
e)logistics
f)warehousing
g)technology
h)customer power
True-False Questions
1.Logistics is only concerned with forward flows, that is, those directed
towards the point of consumption..
2.The finance department tends to measure inventory in terms of units while
logistics tends to measure inventory in terms of its cost /
value.
3.As a general rule, marketers prefer FOB origin pricing rather than FOB
destination pricing.
4.Stockouts refer to a situation where a company is out of an item at the
same time that there is demand for that item.
5.Because customer needs and wants change relatively quickly, supply
chains should be fast and lean.
6.Relational exchanges cannot be successful without information sharing
among various participants.
7.The Internet has been referred to as the greatest force of commodization
known to man, for both goods and services.
8.One cause of the bullwhip effect is asymmetrical information among
supply chain participants.
9.Although customer loyalty programs (e.g., frequent shopper cards) can
provide highly detailed data to companies, there are some
who believe that these programs potentially violate a
customer’s right to privacy.
10.Today, computer hardware is a larger barrier than computer software to
interorganizational collaboration.
11. A best-of-breed approach chooses the best software application for a
particular function.
12.Vertical integration is one of the methods that organizations can pursue
when attempting to integrate their supply chains.
13.In make-to-order situations, finished goods are produced after receiving a
customer order.
14.One method of order transmittal relies on bar codes and scanners.
15.Pick-to-light technology is an order picking technique that has grown in
popularity in recent years. .
16.When new products or new packaging techniques are about to be
introduced, it is somewhat advisable to have the packages
pre-tested.
17.As a general rule, picker-to-part systems are preferable to part-to-picker
systems.
18. A commonly used metric for measuring container volumes is the TEU
(twenty-foot equivalent unit).
19.The largest U.S. transportation company by revenues is FedEx.
20.From a transportation manager’s perspective, small shipments are costly to
transport and often receive poor service from transportation
carriers.
21.Zoning classifications can be changed in an effort to encourage or
discourage business activity.
22.The idea behind a weighted center-of-gravity approach is that a
prospective warehousing facility will be located closer to the
existing sites with the greatest current demand.
23.Inventory shrinkage refers to the fact that products lose value through
time.
24.Not having enough items can be as bad as, and sometimes worse than,
having too many items.
25.The higher the average cost of a stockout, the more likely a company is
going to want to hold some amount of inventory (safety
stock) to protect against stockouts.
26.The promotional and protective functions of packaging sometimes
conflict.
27.Because companies have different strategies, goals, and objectives, there is
no “correct” mix of publ ic, private, and contract
warehousing.
28.First and foremost, procurement’s objectives must manage the purchasing
process effectively and efficiently.
29.One way of evaluating electronic procurement is by categorizing benefits
as hard, soft, or intangible.
30.One concern is that electronic procurement can be impersonal in the sense
that human interaction is replaced by computer transactions.
What is a free trade zone? What functions might be performed in it?
Free trade zones refer to highly specialized sites where a company can locate
without being subjected to duties and quotas until the goods or their products
enter the customs territory of the zone country. Functions that might be
performed include storing, processing, exhibiting, and/or manufacturing. CASE 5-1 LET THERE BE LIGHT LAMP SHADE COMPANY
在20实际60年代学生运动平息后，位于美国威斯康星州麦迪逊的某灯罩公司在国内业务市场的业务范围不断扩大。

该公司设计和制造定制灯罩和灯泡。

在80年代中期，一批曾经在斯普林格林附近某公司工作过得设计师被委托设计亚洲地区的几座大型公共建筑物灯具。

这些建筑物中大约需要安装5400个灯具。

该公司希望投标这项工程。

销售条款中将包括把货物直接运送到国外的港口，再由顾客接收货物。

运输成本是一个棘手的问题。

在最初的设计中，灯罩是高度和直径均为11英寸圆柱体，然后被包装入边长为12英寸的正方体盒子中。

我们把这种灯罩称为A型灯罩。

每个灯罩的包装成本为60美分，包装每个重1磅。

每个灯罩的制造成本为4美元，重九磅，包装后重为10磅。

灯罩将被运往奥克兰港。

到奥克兰的公路运费是美40英尺的集装箱收费1000美元。

运费与货物重量无关。

但是由于受公路载重量限制的要求，每个集装箱装载的重量不能超过4.4万磅。

联运集装箱内部结构为宽8英尺，高8.5英尺，长40英尺。

除了海运会议使用容积吨的概念（即对于散装货物，按每40立方英尺相当于1吨计算运费），从奥克兰到海外港口的海运运费一般是每吨（2000磅）22美元。

保险费按在奥克兰准备装船运往海外的货物价值的2%来计算。

因为订货量较大，灯罩公司认识到它可以改圆柱形设计为圆锥形设计。

这种圆锥形设计的好处就是灯罩可以套放在一起。

在灯罩之间放置一些垫料，而且套放的灯罩也可以相互起到保护作用。

但是，制成锥形而裁去的材料导致了一些浪费，因此生产成本会有所上升。

为此提出了两种锥形的灯罩设计方案，B型灯罩和C型灯罩。

每个B型灯罩的制造成本是5美元，可以6个套放后进行运输。

包装尺寸是12英寸*12英寸*48英寸。

装有6个灯罩后的包装总重62磅。

每个包装成本是2美元，其中包括了灯罩之间的垫料。

每个C型灯罩的制造成本是6美元，可以10个套放后再运输。

其包装尺寸为12英寸*12英寸*50英寸。

装有10个灯罩后的包装总重2为101磅，每个包装费用是3美元，其中也包括了灯罩之间的垫料。

Question 1: How many style A shades can be loaded into an intermodal container?
The intermodal container holds 2,720 cubic feet, however, the top six inches is of no use. It will hold 2,560 style A shades.
Question 2: How many style B shades can be loaded into an intermodal container?
Style B shades could be stacked two packages high with the square foot on the bottom. Each column would hold 12 shades. There would be 8 x 40, or 320
columns of 12, yielding 3,840 lamp shades, and would weigh less than 40,000 pounds.
Question 3: How many style C shades can be loaded into an intermodal container?
Style C shades could be stacked the same way as style B and a container
would hold 320 columns of 20, yielding 6,400 lamp shades. However, this
would exceed the 44,000 pound weight limit. Each shade weighs 10.1 pounds;
dividing that into 44,000 pounds yields approximately 4,350 lamp shades. Question 4: What are the total costs of delivering the style A shades to the port of importation?
Question 5: What are the total costs of delivering the style B shades to the port of importation?
Question 6: What are the total costs of delivering the style C shades to the port of importation?
Question 7: Which style would you recommend? Why?
From the relevant data, style A is least expensive.。