2021届日照市实验学校高三英语三模试题及答案解析

2021届日照市实验学校高三英语三模试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
People in the Middle Ages did eat with their hands. Personal utensils (餐具) were mostly unheard of, especially forks. There were spoons to help serve, but only special guests would receive a knife from the host. Everyone else would be expected to bring their own. Of course, eating with one's hands can be quite a sticky situation, so towels were provided to help diners stay at least somewhat clean as they ate.
Still, dining was often a messy affair. At special occasions in the wealthiest households, women tended to dine alone, separate from the men. Women were expected to uphold a quality of grace. Eating greasy meat by hand would certainly not help! Once the men and women had finished their meals, they would come together to socialize.
Dietary scholars of the Middle Ages believed that the foods in a meal needed to be served and eaten in order of heaviness. The lightest and most easily digested foods, such as fruits and cheeses, were eaten first to help the digestive (消化) system get started. Once digestion was underway, greens and light meats, such as lettuce, cabbage and chicken, could be eaten. Last came the heavier vegetables and meats, such as carrots, beans, beef, pork, and mutton. This method was considered the most healthful way to eat.
The main and largest meal of the day was supper, and it was eaten at midday. Dinner was a light meal, and many of those in nobility (贵族) -the highest levels of the Middle Ages society-skipped breakfast altogether. Breakfast was considered unnecessary for those who did not perform physical work. Snacks and any other eating during the day were viewed the same way. Commoners, or the working class, were allowed to eat breakfast and small meals throughout the day.
1. What did people in the Middle Ages usually do at the dinner table?
A. They cleaned hands before meals.
B. They used personal utensils.
C. They had to use knives at dinner.
D. They ate mostly with hands.
2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The order of eating foods.
B. The weight of various foods.
C. The principles of digesting foods.
D. The list of healthy foods.
3. Why did the nobility avoid eating breakfast?
A. Breakfast was wasted for the nobility.
B. Breakfast was viewed as unnecessary.
C. Breakfast was considered as a light meal.
D. Breakfast was saved for commoners.
B
We are in lack of enough sleep, according to Arianna Huffington, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of The Huffington Post. And thishas great consequences on our health, our job performance, our relationships and our happiness. What is needed, she ly declares, is nothing short of a sleep revolution. Only by renewing our relationship with sleep can we take back control of our lives.
In her bestseller Thrive, Arianna wrote about our need to redefine success through wellbeing, wisdom, wonder, and giving. Her discussion of the importance of sleep as a gateway to this more fulfilling way of living struck such a powerful chord (弦) that she realized the mystery and transformative power of sleep called for a fuller investigation (调查).
The result is a scientifically sweeping and personal exploration of sleep from all angles, from the history of sleep, to the role of dreams in our lives, to the consequences of sleep deprivation (剥夺), and the new golden age of sleep science that is showing the vital role sleep plays in our every waking moment and every aspect of our health — from weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease to cancer and Alzheimer’s.
In The Sleep Revolution, Arianna shows how our cultural removal of sleep as time wasted damages our health and our decision-making and our work lives and shortens our personal lives. She explores all the latest science on what exactly is going on while we sleep and dream. She decides the dangerous sleeping pill industry, and all the ways of our addiction to technology disturb our sleep. She also offers a range of recommendations and tips from leading scientists on how we can get better and more restorative sleep.
In today’s fast-paced, always-connected and sleep-deprived world, our need for a good night’s sleep is more important than ever. The Sleep Revolution both sounds the alarm on our worldwide sleep crisis and provides a detailed road map to the great sleep awakening that can help transform our lives, our communities, and our world.
4. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The importance of sleep.
B. The necessity of improving sleep.
C. The way to improve our sleep.
D. The effect of sleep on health.
5. What can be inferred about Arianna’s attitude to success?
A. She thinks good sleep is more important.
B. She doesn’t think much of becoming successful.
C. She thinks it wrong to sacrifice health to success.
D. She is concerned about the nature of success.
6. What can be said about Arianna’s investigation?
A. It is really of great value.
B. It is scientific and historical.
C. It costs Arianna’s sleep in practice.
D. It covers all necessary aspects scientifically,
7. What influence does TheSleep Revolution have on society?
A. It helps to slow down the pace of modern life.
B. It warns people against taking sleeping pills.
C. It warns the harm of inadequate sleep of people.
D. It helps to stress the value of sleep to success.
C
Some of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.
Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.
Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.
In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming
and cooling in thePacific Ocean.
The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.
8. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?
A. Weather patterns.
B. Salt crystals.
C. Wet conditions.
D. Drought Periods.
9. Which of the following may researchers agree with?
A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.
B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.
C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.
D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.
10. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?
A. Worried.
B. Curious.
C. Doubtful.
D. Positive.
11. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?
A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.
B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.
C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.
D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.
D
Earthquake can disrupt whales’ hunting for food for up to a year,according to a new study.
On November 14, 2016, the Kaikoura earthquake struck New Zealand’s South Island, causing a destructive tsunami. Under the surface, the earthquake caused strong currents that swept away and mostly killed off diverse ecosystems of creatures living along the Kaikoura underwater canyon.
As a result, whales had to dive deeper and longer to find food—“a major shift” in their behavior, says co-author Liz Slooten, a marine biologist at the University of Otago in New Zealand.
The impact earthquakes have on land animals has been well documented, but scientists know ly little about what happens underwater. Such research is important for government agencies, which may need to take recent earthquakes into consideration when considering fishing quotas（限额）, notes Rochelle Constantine, a marine
mammal ecologist at the University of Auckland.
The canyon’s upper reaches are rich in creatures, supplying food for the fish that make up the whales’ diet. So when these smaller life forms were washed away, it had “severe consequences for the community around there”, says study co-author Will Rayment. “That effect flowed all the way through the food chain.”
As part of their ongoing study, the scientists were tracking 42 individual whales. After the earthquake, in all, the team managed to record data on 40 whales, showing that the abundance of whales in the general area didn’t change after the earthquake. However, the whales changed how they used their habitat.
A year after the earthquake, the researchers observed the whales returning to their previous surface-breathing intervals. This could have been because the communities of animals that make up the whales’ food began to recover. “It gives you an idea of how resilient（有复原力的）these deep-sea communities are,” says Rayment.
But he and his colleagues will continue long-term monitoring to see if there are effects they missed. Whale activity in the area had already been declining, though it’s unknown whether it is due to natural changes in food abundance, whale-watching tourism, fishing, or warming ocean temperatures. “There is something going on in Kaikoura,” says Rayment.
12. What happened after the Kaikoura earthquake in the Kaikoura canyon?
A. Several destructive tsunamis struck the area.
B. Whales had to swim to other oceans to find food.
C. Nearly all marine creatures in Kaikoura were killed off.
D. Strong currents washed away many smaller creatures.
13. Which is one of the findings of the study?
A. Earthquakes can make it easier for whales to find food.
B. The whales changed their habitat after the earthquake.
C. It usually takes whales a year to adapt to their new diet.
D. The number of whales in the area dropped sharply after the quake.
14. What does Rochelle Constantine think of the study?
A. It can help government agencies to make some decisions about fishing.
B. It can help government agencies to solve problems in the fishing industry.
C. It is a breakthrough in research on what happens underwater after an earthquake.
D. It offers a detailed description of the impact earthquake have on marine mammals.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Something is affecting the whale activity in Kaikoura.
B. Fishing quotas have been increasing in recent years.
C. The team missed some effects in the research process.
D. The scientists will continue studying earthquakes.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Many years ago，I was a college graduate with a degree but no job. My substitute teaching work ended and I got desperate.I had a family to feed. ____16____While I was grateful，my first day there was quite a blow to my ego(自尊). The job at the local wood mill paid less but was hard and back-breaking. It was full of bending，lifting，and carrying heavy wood for eight hours aday.___17___
When winter arrived my gloves tore and my fingers split and bled in the cold air. I found myself using more band aids than I ever thought I would just to keep my hands working.____18____At the end of two years only four other people had worked there longer than I had. Every morning I pulled myself out of bed and went to work knowing it was going to be another difficult day.
I tried my best to keep my spirits up but many times during those years I asked，"Why me? Why am I having to go through this? Why has my life not turned out the way I dreamed it would?" ____19____I think maybe in a way I needed those tough times. I needed them to shrink my ego. I needed them to become more caring，sympathetic，andloving.
___20___It is these times that make us mature. If you are going through some "Why Me?" times，don’t give up. Use them to become stronger，kinder and more loving.
A. Fortunately，my brother got me a job.
B. Now many years later I got the answer.
C.Every day I went home aching and tired.
D. The resigning rate at the mill became very high.
E. Maybe no one knew when the tough times would end.
F. Day after day，I wondered when I could realize my dream.
G. I think it is the "Why Me?" times of our livesthat make us grow the most.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Comfortfood is something everyone can appreciate.___21___simply for our bodies, comfort food nourishes(滋养) the soul and spirit. Now, Spencer is taking the___22___to a new level. She is beginning to___23___comfort food to those in need.
A flood has brought stress and food___24___to tables where it's never been felt before, but it's also___25___the opportunity to be able to give back in ways that are immediate and meaningful. Last week Spencer___26___generous donation(捐赠) on his son Bill's 7th birthday. It___27___his birthday celebration from “doubtful” to “great”. Spencer had an idea to___28___that kindness further.
Immediately the mother of three___29___$600 buying food for eight strange people. “I just wanted to bring people____30____,”Spencer said. Not being____31____, she was in position both to give and receive. However, from her mom's positive example Bill learned to____32____what he received. “We've been on both sides of the range,” she said. “It's not good____33____when you don't know where to get food for your kids and where your next____34____is.”
Spencer's acts of kindness were____35____by the public because a sharp-eyed store employee____36____the good deeds and posted them to social media. This week Spencer will further____37____the love by supplying holiday meals to two families in need in her community but she isn't____38____there. She says she also plans to____39____her kind acts when she can, and hopes that others who see her story will be____40____to do the same.
21. A. More than B. Instead of C. Above all D. As to
22. A. opportunity B. comfort C. sale D. idea
23. A. recommend B. supply C. push D. introduce
24. A. advertisement B. quality C. anxiety D. relief
25. A. awaited B. chosen C. enjoyed D. heightened
26. A. received B. needed C. sought D. promised
27. A. took B. turned C. answered D. gave
28. A. ignore B. appreciate C. rely on D. carry on
29. A. saved B. borrowed C. collected D. spent
30. A. smiles B. fortune C. honor D. stories
31. A. generous B. wealthy C. optimistic D. considerate
32. A. turn down B. pay off C. give back D. figure out
33. A. holiday B. excuse C. feeling D. thought
34. A. opportunity B. goal C. job D. meal
35. A. disturbed B. noticed C. buried D. paid
36. A. recorded B. admitted C. performed D. followed
37. A. earn B. find C. spread D. witness
38. A. stopping B. working C. wandering D. sighing
39. A. start B. continue C. complete D. announce
40. A. persuaded B. requested C. inspired D. honored
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Cheung Chau, a tiny territory___41.___(shape) like a dumbbell inHong Kong, is famous for the Cheung Chau Bun Festival. It usually falls in April or May.
Though Cheung Chau is___42.___quiet fishing village, thousands of people visit it during festival time. They come___43.___(celebrate) and to eat the island's famous buns, which are all stamped in red___44.___the Chinese character that means “peace”.
The real highlight of the festival, the Bun Scrambling Competition(抢包山), happens at the stroke of midnight. Several contestants climb up the towers___45.___are built in the center of the island and are covered with plastic buns as fast as possible and throw as many buns as they can over their___46.___(shoulder).” This is one of the biggest___47.___(tradition) celebrations inHong Kong,” says Mason Hung, a Hong Kong Tourism Board senior manager. "It has been so well preserved. "However, the contest paused from 1978 to 2005, because one of the towers___48.___(fall) down. Now there are new rules: the structures need to be made of steel instead of bamboo. And only twelve carefully___49.___(choose)participants can join in. They should____50.____(train) in the basics of safe climbing though.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)画掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Yesterday our club held an English speech contest, which theme is “Challenge Myself”. A large number of students attended to the contest and showed their wonderful performances. In the stage, though face great pressure, the speakers bravely overcame it and challenged them to achieve great success. What’s more, they impressed us deep with their unusual confidences and performances.
Through such activity, we know a lot more about our students. But we have gained much, such as self-confidence and honor. Besides, our club was growing stronger.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Johnson lived alone in a small town, Salem. Once he suffered a minor stroke (中风). He didn't usually go outside of his home unless it was to get his favorite food: pizza. He only ordered from Domino’s Pizza, and due to him frequently ordering, the staff was well familiar with his name.
Although Johnson was a loyal customer, the staff had never heard his voice or seen is face. It was only the delivery drivers who caught a glance of the man. Many neighbors went on to say that he just liked to keep to himself.
The manager of Johnson’s local Domino’s Pizza, Mary, said that he was always so polite to the delivery staff. Throughout the seven years of him placing orders at and supporting the particular Domino’s store, there had never been a problem.
And so none of the employees at Johnson's local Domino’s seemed to notice anything unusual the first couple of days. However, this quickly changed when Mary realized that they hadn't had an order from Johnson in a while. Johnson was considered to be one of the branch's most loyal customers. It was unusual that Johnson hadn't ordered anything for more than 12 days. They felt something might be off. A member of the staff, Tom, was sent to Johnson’s house to see if they could notice anything unusual.
As Tom approached Johnson’s house, he was relieved to see that the lights were on. Johnson wasn't answering the door, even though the lights and TV were on in his room. Tom decided to knock once again and called him on his phone, but there was no answer. There was a horrible feeling in the pit of his stomach. Tom decided to call the police. After hearing the situation, the police arrived quickly. They knocked on the door just as Tom had, but there was no answer once again. Just then one of the officers heard a faint voice coming from inside of the home.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The voice was calling out for help.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _
In the hospital, Johnson was getting better after the stroke.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _
参考答案
1. D
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. C
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B
12. D 13. B 14. A 15. A
16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. G
文章为记叙文，主要介绍了作者经历挫折坚持不放弃的人生感悟。

21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32.
C 33. C 34.
D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C
41. shaped
42. a 43. to celebrate
44. with 45. which##that
46. shoulders
47. traditional
48. fell 49. chosen
50. be trained
51.(1). which → whose
(2). 删除attended后的to
(3). In → On
(4). face → facing
(5). them → themselves
(6). deep → deeply
(7). confidences → confidence
(8). such后加an
(9). But → And
(10). was → is 52.略。