2024年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考三模英语试题

2024年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考三模英语试题
一、单项选择
1．The picture on the right warns the drivers to pay attention to their cars’ ________.
A．speed B．weight C．size D．height
2．Putin visited China ________ the 16th. of May.
A．in B．on C．at D．of
3．—How long have you learned Chinese?
—________ about 9 years.
A．In B．From C．After D．For
4．Mark moved to China with ________ family five years ago.
A．he B．his C．him D．himself
5．Three Shenzhou XVIII heroes have been in the space ________ 25th of April, 2024.
A．on B．from C．since D．at
6．The Confucius Temple is ________ place of interest in Nanjing.
A．the most popular B．more popular C．popular D．less popular 7．—Nanjing is a historic city with many historical figures.
—So I think Nanjing is more monumental (具有纪念意义的) than ________ city in Jiangsu.
A．other B．any other C．any D．others
8．Many young people like to learn about Nanjing online because the phones or the computers are ________ to use.
A．difficult B．lively C．convenient D．special
9．The plane will ________ if he ________ the guiding lights.
A．take back；will turn on B．take off；will turn on C．take off；turns on D．take on；turns off
10．Once a term, there ________ a parents’ meeting and a reading day in our school.
A．is B．are C．have D．were 11．English is my favorite subject ________ it’s very interesting.
A．if B．though C．whether D．as
12．My best friend always ________ me writing homework when our teachers are speaking.
A．advises B．suggests C．considers D．prevents
13．The temperature will quickly ________ zero when winter is coming.
A．drop below B．drop down C．down to D．down after 14．Children ________ the age of 6 are not allowed to get into the zoo.
A．after B．above C．below D．under 15．—Mr. Green, did I get the award of The Most Hard-working Student last term?
—________. I’ll check the award’s list later if I have spare time.
A．Actually no.B．I’ve had something come up.C．With pleasure.
D．My pleasure.
二、完形填空
Sai Weng Shi Ma, Yan Zhi Fei Fu is a popular Chinese idiom that comes from Huai Nan Zi, Ren Jian Xun by Liu An (179—122 BC), which can be literally (直接地) 16 as “a blessing in disguise” in English.
In this blog, we want to 17 with you both the Chinese and the English retelling of the original story behind Sai Weng Shi Ma, Yan Zhi Fei Fu, what it means, as 18 as how to use it in a sentence.
Once upon a time, an old stableman was living around the Great Wall. One day, his horse ran off on its own towards the Hu people, a tribe inhabiting northern China. Everyone was consoling (安慰) the old stableman. He said: “Why are you so sure this is not going to bring me 19 ?”
After a few months, his horse returned from the Hu people with one of their steeds, and everyone was 20 the old stableman. He said again: “Why are you so sure this is not the 21 of a calamity (霉运)?”
He now had a wealthy home with a noble steed. His son loved riding the horse, but one day
he fell off the horse and broke his leg. Everyone was comforting the old stableman, and he said again: “Why are you so sure that this not going to bring me luck?”
A year passed, and a 22 troop of Hu people invaded (入侵) the Great Wall area. These strongmen waved their bows and arrows enticing the other side to start a war. 23 the people from the Great Wall area who fought, nine out of ten died, and the survivors were left with severe injuries. But because of the stableman’s son’s broken leg, he was 24 from the fight, and the father and son were safe.
This idiom tells us that even 25 you might run into hardship or misfortune, there still might be a silver lining. It also means in some cases, setbacks can become a good thing. 16．A．called B．translated C．described D．considered 17．A．play B．ride C．learn D．share 18．A．easy B．well C．special D．different 19．A．luck B．mysteries C．accident D．story 20．A．fighting B．hitting C．laughing D．congratulating 21．A．reason B．end C．start D．way 22．A．small B．big C．large D．better 23．A．From B．Among C．At D．Between 24．A．died B．kept C．spared D．killed
25．A．in B．from C．though D．after
三、阅读理解
Calming the Waves
Su Shi (translated by Xu yuanchong)
Listen not to the rain beating against the trees.
I had better walk slowly while chanting at ease.
Better than a saddle I like sandals and cane.
I’d fain,
In a straw cloak, spend my life in mist and rain.
Drunken, I am sobered by the vernal wind shrill
And rather chill.
In front, I see the slanting sun atop the hill;
Turning my head, I see the dreary beaten track.
Let me go ▲ !
Impervious (不受影响的) to rain or shine, I’ll have my own will.
26．Which word is the most suitable for ▲ ?
A．neck B．back C．attack D．fight
27．The poet made this poem in the weather of ________.
A．sunny B．windy C．rainy D．snowy 28．Which personality is the most suitable for Su Shi?
A．upbeat.B．downbeat.C．helpful.D．careful.
Emperor Taizong of Tang (January 23, 599—July 10, 649), personal name Li Shimin, was the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty of China, ruling from 626 to 649. As he encouraged his father, Li Yuan (later Emperor Gaozu) to rise against Sui Dynasty rule at Taiyuan in 617 and subsequently defeated several of his most important rivals, he was ceremonially regarded as a cofounder of the dynasty along with Emperor Gaozu.
He is typically considered one of the greatest, if not the greatest, emperor in all of Chinese history. Throughout the rest of Chinese history, Emperor Taizong’s reign was regarded as the exemplary model against which all other emperors were measured, and his “Reign of Zhen Guan” (贞观之治) was considered a golden age of Chinese history and required study for future crown princes. During his reign, Tang China flourished economically and militarily. For more than a century after his death, Tang China enjoyed peace and prosperity.
In 630, Emperor Taizong sent his general Li Jing against Eastern Tujue—to which Tang had once submitted—defeating and capturing its Jiali Khan Ashina Duobi and destroying Eastern Tujue power. This made Tang the dominant power in East and Central Asia, and Emperor Taizong
subsequently took the title of Tian Kehan (“Heavenly Khan”).
Emperor Taizong was, in opposition to nobility of the time, a frank rationalist, openly laughing of superstitions and heaven's claimed signs, and modifying important rites in order to ease agricultural labour. The modern Chinese historian Bo Yang opined that Emperor Taizong achieved greatness by accepting criticism that others would find difficult to accept and trying hard not to abuse his absolute power (using Emperor Yang of Sui as a negative example), as well as employing capable chancellors Fang Xuanling, Du Ruhui, and Wei Zheng. Emperor Taizong’s wife Empress Zhangsun served as a capable assistant to him as well.
29．What was the age of Li Shimin when he was dead?
A．48B．50C．52D．23
30．What was the influence of “Reign of Zhen Guan”?
A．Tang dynasty got poorer.B．Many of literatus (士大夫) were killed.
C．Tang Dynasty was established (建立).D．Tang dynasty was peace and prosperity. 31．Which of the following is true?
A．Li Shimin is Li Yuan’s Father.B．The Tujue defeated Li Jing in 630.
C．Wei Zheng helped Li Shimin a lot.D．Zhangsun was Li Shimin’s sister.
Why Visit Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum (Zhongshan Ling)
Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is the mausoleum for our “Father of Modern China” and the “Forerunner of the Revolution”—Sun Yat-sen. With a great and inspiring design, this mausoleum was started in 1926 and completed in 1929 with an area of 80, 000 sq. m. (about 20 acres), located at the south slope of the Purple Mountain facing with fertile plain and leaning against a green mountain, close to Xiaoling Mausoleum to the west and Linggu Temple to the east. It is also Sun Yat-sen’s wish to be buried near Purple Mountain.
Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum was listed as “National AAAAA Tourist Attraction” in 2006 and “Architectural Heritage in the 20th Century in China” in 2016.
Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is a must-see in Nanjing no matter you want to pay respect to this great people or appreciate the beautiful surroundings.
Below are some recommended Nanjing tour packages:
☛ 2 Days Ancient Nanjing Tour
☛ 3 Days Best of Nanjing Highlights Tour
About Dr. Sun Yat-sen
To have a better visit to Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, you should have a further understanding of this great person in China—Sun Yat-sen.
Sun (1866.11.12—1925.3.12) was a Chinese revolutionary, physician, first president and founding father of the Republic of China (ROC). He is considered to be the “Father of Modern China” (中华民国国父) and the “Forerunner of Democratic Revolution” in the People’s Republic of China. He played a crucial role in the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty (1644—1912) and over 2000 years’ Monarchy during the years leading up to the Xinhai Revolution. Sun was appointed to serve as Provisional President of the Republic of China when it was founded in 1912 and he later co-founded Kuomingtang(国民党) and served as its first leader. His political life was with constant struggle and frequent exile. He was exiled to Japan, Europe, the United States, and Canada, but he always supported the revolutionary party and uprising in China. Sun’s chief legacy resides in his development of the political philosophy known as “Three Principles of the People”—Nationalism (民族), People’s Rights (民权) and People’s Livelihood (民生). 32．How many years was Sun Yat-sen lives for?
A．50.B．59.C．63.D．69.
33．Where is the Zhongshan Ling from the passage?
A．At the south slope of the Purple Mountain facing.B．Far away from the Xiaoling
Mausoleum.
C．Near the Nanjing museum.D．In the center of Nanjing.
34．What’s the “Three Principles of the People” mean?
A．People are the most important thing for a country.
B．A great leader can make the country stronger.
C．The world must be united by Kuomingtang.
D．Other nations are the enemies to China.
35．Where may be the passage from?
A．A magazine.B．A story book.C．The film.D．The website.
Long ago, China was divided into kingdoms (战国). The kingdoms were often at war, so good military leaders were important. One such leader was Tian Ji, a general in the State of Qi.
Tian Ji’s best friend was Sun Bin. Sun Bin had been a military official in the State of Wei. After he was unfairly fired from his job, he moved to the State of Qi. Sun Bin taught Tian Ji a lot about military strategy.
At that time, horse racing was the most popular entertainment for the rich. People bet money on the races. Tian Ji was a fan of horse racing, but he wasn’t very good at betting.
One day, Tian Ji again lost money at the races. He went home feeling sorry for himself. When Sun Bin saw how sad Tian Ji was, he said, “Take me with you next time. Maybe I can help you win!”
A week later, Tian Ji did just that. Sun Bin learned how the races worked very quickly. He saw that the horses were divided into three types according to speed. First-class horses were the fastest, and third-class horses were the slowest. Each type had their own race and people bet on each race. In order to win the overall bet, a person only needed to win two of the three races. Sun Bin also noticed that each type had a different saddle color. This was to tell the different horses apart. Soon, Sun Bin developed a strategy to help Tian Ji.
“Trust me,” he told Tian Ji. “I know exactly how you can win!”
Tian Ji got so excited he challenged the king to a race.
Tian Ji did everything that Sun Bin told him to do. For the first race, he put the first-class saddle on his third-class horse. The king’s first-class horse easily beat Tian Ji’s third-class horse.
For the second race, Sun Bin told Tian Ji to put the second-class saddle on his first-class horse. And sure enough, Tian Ji won the second race. His first-class horse was better than the king’s second-class horse.
Finally, for the third race, Tian Ji used his second-class horse. Once again, he won. This time it was against the king’s third-class horse. The king was shocked. Tian Ji was the overall winner.
The king congratulated Tian Ji, but he was curious.
“Tian Ji, where did you get such good horses?” he asked.
“Your Majesty,” Tian Ji replied, “I did not win because I found great horses. I won because of the strategy I used. It was Sun Bin’s strategy, and it worked!”
“Really?” said the king. “What exactly was this strategy?”
Tian Ji told the king all about how he switched horses. He explained how Sun Bin knew that even when two opponents were unevenly matched, a strategy could be used to minimize losses. In this case, losing only once meant that Tian Ji was still the overall winner.
Hearing this, the king immediately made Sun Bin the military adviser for the whole army. Sun Bin’s strategies and Tian Ji’s leadership led the State of Qi to many military victories. 36．What’s “kingdom” mean?
A．People are fighting in the war.B．Rulers are killing people.
C．Cultures are becoming different from others.D．Several countries are divided and
confronted (对峙).
37．Which of the following is true?
A．Sun Bin was Tian Ji’s friend.
B．Tian Ji was fighting with the King.
C．Tian Ji won the horses’ race.
D．The King hated Tian Ji because of the failure of the race.
38．If the first-class horse was ☛, the second was ☛, the third was ☛, which one was Tian Ji’s order?
A．☛☛☛B．☛☛☛C．☛☛☛D．☛☛☛
39．Tian Ji was ▲ . Which word is the best for ▲?
A．silly B．careful C．selfish D．forgetful 40．What is the story tells us?
A．We should be careful to every detail so that we can succeed.
B．We should be glib that the enemy may be confused.
C．We should be deterrent that makes the enemy afraid.
D．We should invite others to help us so that we can have a rest.
四、单词拼写
41．Mark is (clever) student in our class. Nobody is smarter than him.
42．He made the mistake so (careful)!
43．The Internet build a bridge for me to (connection) my life with the whole world. 44．The class is so (alive) because our English teacher is humorous.
45．It was she that stole the box. Look, she was (lie) to everyone!
46．(科技) has change our lives a lot.
47．Because of the new international situations, we should (保卫，防范) against any possible danger.
48．Mr. White was stopped to (清理, 清洁) his office.
49．The police (证实) that he was the suspect.
50．Many musicians dream music without (国界).
五、选词填空
用方框内所给的词填空。

Isaac Newton (1643 (Gregorian calendar) Jan 4—March 31, 1727) Sir, president of the Royal Society, the 51 British physicist, encyclopedia-style “all-rounder”, the “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”, “optics”. In 1687, he 52 the essay “Natural Law”, the gravitation and the three laws of motion are described. These descriptions lay the scientific point of view the three centuries since then the physical world, and became the basis for modern engineering. He Kepler laws of planetary motion by demonstrating the consistency between his theory of gravity, showing the movement of ground objects and other heavenly bodies have followed the same laws of nature; for the heliocentric theory 53 a strong support, and to promote the Scientific Revolution. In mechanics, Newton clarifies the principle of conservation of momentum and angular momentum, Newton’s laws of motion put forward. In optics, he invented the reflecting telescope, and will 54 a prism of white light into the visible spectrum divergence observed, developed a theory of color. He also systematically 55 the
law of cooling and studied the speed of sound. In mathematics, Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz developed calculus to share the school’s honor. He also demonstrated the generalized binomial theorem, proposed the “Newton’s Law” to function closer to zero, and for the study of power series to make a contribution. In economics, Newton made the gold standard.
六、任务型阅读
The British Industrial Revolution (1760—1840) brought innovative mechanisation and deep social change. The process saw the invention of steam-powered machines, which were used in factories in ever-growing urban centres. Agriculture remained important, but cotton textiles became Britain’s top export, capital replaced land as an indicator of wealth, and the labour force diversified to include many more women and children.
The Steam Engine
Water, wind, and muscle power had long been harnessed for heavy machinery such as windmills and waterwheels. These early machines allowed business owners to replace the old cottage industry model, where, for example, skilled weavers worked in their own homes, with a factory system where a number of unskilled workers lived on the premises and operated the machines. The catalyst for even greater change was the invention of the steam engine. Steam power was first developed so that pumps could drain mine shafts and allow deeper mining. The steam pump was patented in 1698 by Thomas Savery (1650—1715). In 1710, Thomas Newcomen (1664—1729) adjusted Savery’s design and made the machine more efficient. Newcomen’s machine could suck 5,000 gallons (22.7 K litres) every hour out of a 153-foot (46.6 metres) deep mine shaft. The problem was the amount of fuel needed for the machine. In 1769, the Watt steam engine, designed by James Watt (1736—1819) with developments added by Matthew Boulton (1728—1809), answered the market’s demand for a powerful engine that could be used anywhere. By 1800, Britain boasted over 2,500 steam engines, most of them used in mines, cotton mills, and factories. This compares to 200 engines in France and fewer than 10 in the USA．Other inventors came along and added to the power capabilities of the steam engine so that, by the 1830s, they could be used to drive trains and steamships.
Transportation
The steam-powered railways revolutionised travel and Britain itself. On 27 September 1825, the Locomotion 1 train invented by George Stephenson (1781—1848) transported the first railway passengers from Stockton to Darlington in the northeast of England. In 1829, George Stephenson’s son, Robert Stephenson (1803—1859), created the Rocket, and he entered it in the Rainhill Trials. The Trials were competitions designed to find the best locomotive for use on the railway line connecting Manchester to Liverpool, which opened in 1830. In 1838, Birmingham was connected to London; in 1841, passengers could take the Great Western Railway line from the capital to Bristol. By 1845, there was a line from Manchester to London, which took eight hours of travel (the old stagecoaches would have taken 80 hours). The railways were booming. By the 1870s, there were over 15,000 miles (24,000 km) of rail lines, with trains carrying over 300 million passengers and over 150 million tonnes of goods each year.
七、短文填空
V oltaire (1694-1778) was a French author, historian, and philosopher whose thoughts on religious toleration and moderation of authoritarian power were influential d 67 the Enlightenment (启蒙运动时期). His most famous work today is the satirical Candide, which p 68 Voltaire’s critical thoughts on other philosophers, the Catholic Church, and the French state
in order to highlight the need for real solutions to everyday problems.
E69 Life
François-Marie Arouet, better known by his chosen pseudonym V oltaire, was born in Paris on 21 November 1694. Françoise-Marie’s father was a notary who sent him to the highly esteemed Louis-le-Grand college, then run by Jesuits. Going on to study law, Françoise-Marie’s real interest was literature, and he was soon writing his own poems and plays. These early offerings were the b 70 of what would turn out to be a momentous catalogue of works of all kinds by the end of V oltaire's long career.
In 1718, Voltaire’s first play, Oedipus, was s 71 staged, and he had his first poem, La Henriade, published to great acclaim in 1723. V oltaire might have had literary aspirations, but his fledgling career took a nosedive in 1726 when, after an argument with the Chevalier de Rohan, he was confined in the infamous Bastille prison. When he got out, V oltaire decided to broaden his horizons, and he visited first the Netherlands and then England, where he lived until 1729.
Philosophical(哲学的) Ideas
V oltaire’s three years in England saw him embark on a more philosophical approach to literature. He wrote his Letters on England(aka Philosophical Letters) b 72 on his experiences in that country. The Letters was published in 1734 and favourably compared the relative openness and liberalism present in England compared to France. Voltaire argues that d 73 denominations of Christianity should be tolerated in the same society. This is based on his belief that toleration springs from no s 74 group being able to claim absolute truth. He proposes that the best form of government is a monarchy l 75 in its power by a parliament and constitution. V oltaire believes that because humans are rational and act with reasonable self-interest, they should be given more liberty than current authoritarian government systems allow. He also gives biographies of four l 76 thinkers who influenced the later Enlightenment: Francis Bacon (1561-1626), John Locke (1632-1704), Isaac Newton (1642-1727), and René Descartes (1596-1650). In summary, V oltaire argues that the greater freedom and toleration he has witnessed in England c 77 to France is also the reason why that country is more prosperous and its citizens happier. The French Parlement did not take kindly to this assessment, and Letters on England was condemned.
八、书面表达
78．Just as the saying goes, “Books are the ladder (阶梯) of human progress”. Reading is important for students.
Your friend Mark is worry about the books because he can’t choose a favorite book for himself in many good books.
So he wants to ask you to give some suggestions to him in order to help him enjoy reading books instead of being stopped reading by choosing a book. Also, he wants you to introduce a book you have already read for him so that he can understand the gist (主旨) more easily.
Dear Mark,
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
Your friend
2024.6.1。