whose引导定语从句可以指物吗
whose和whom引导的定语从句
whose和whom引导的定语从句一、whose引导的定语从句（一）基本用法1. 含义whose表示“……的”，它既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。
2. 结构示例（1）I know the girl whose mother is a doctor.（先行词是the girl，指人，关系词whose在从句中作定语修饰mother，表示“女孩的妈妈”）（2）The house whose windows are broken is mine.（先行词是the house，指物，关系词whose在从句中作定语修饰windows，表示“房子的窗户”）（二）使用要点1. 与所属关系的联系whose引导的定语从句强调先行词与从句中某个名词之间的所属关系。
例如在句子The boy whose father is a teacher studies hard.中，“男孩”和“父亲”之间存在所属关系，即“男孩的父亲”。
2. 转换形式（1）当先行词指人时，有时可以用“of whom”来替换whose。
例如：I know the boy whose sister is a nurse. = I know the boy of whom the sister is a nurse.（2）当先行词指物时，有时可以用“of which”来替换whose。
例如：The book whose cover is red is very interesting. = The book of which the cover is red is very interesting.二、whom引导的定语从句（一）基本用法1. 含义whom是宾格形式，在定语从句中只能指人，并且在从句中作宾语（包括动词的宾语和介词的宾语）。
2. 结构示例（1）The man whom I met yesterday is my teacher.（先行词是the man，关系词whom在从句中作met的宾语，即“我昨天遇见的那个人”）（2）The girl to whom I lent my book is my classmate.（先行词是the girl，关系词whom在从句中作介词to的宾语，即“我借书给她的那个女孩”）（二）使用要点1. 介词 + whom结构（1）当whom作介词宾语时，介词可以提前，也可以不提前。
whose和who在定语从句的用法
whose和who在定语从句的用法whose和who在定语从句的用法whose在从句中作定语,后面必须有名词；who作主语或宾语.The book （whose cover is blue） is mine.封皮是蓝色的那本书是我的.The man who is in white is my father.穿白色衣服的那个人是我爸爸.（主语）The man who/whom you talked to just now is my father.刚才跟你说话的那个人时我爸爸.（宾语）The man to whom you talked just now is my father.(句中whom不可用who,两个都可做宾语,但前面有介词时不能用who,只能用whom.）【拓展延伸】whose引导的定语从句的六大事项：一、whose为who的所有格，作“某(些)人的……”解，它所指代的先行词必须是人，其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词，同时它本身在从句中作定语。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
Mr Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn't been handed in.刘老师要跟那些没交家庭作业的.学生谈话。
二、whose也可作which的所有格，作“某(些)物的……”解，它所指代的先行词必须是物，其语**能同上。
The company whose name was Notco was in Australia.那个名叫诺特可的公司设在澳大利亚。
We live in a house whose windows open to the south.我们居住在一所窗户朝南开的房子里。
whose, of whom与of which的用法和区别
1.关系代词 whose，引导定语从句时，既可指人，又可指物，在从句中只能作定语;of whom 只能指人;of which 只能指物，有时 whose 可以与 of whom 和 of which 互换使用。
如：The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。
The house whose doors are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。
2.“介词 + whose +名词” 引导定语从句。
如：I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国，为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。
3.在下列情况下，一般只用 of whom 和 of which。
(1)定语从句的主语是 few, little, some, most, many, much等时，一般只用of whom和of which。
In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don't know. 房间里有很多人，很多人我不认识。
He has a lot of story-books, a few of which I have never read. 他有很多故事书，有几本故事书我还从未看过。
(2)定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时，一般只用of whom和of which。
如：The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager. 那个老人有三个小孩，其中两个是大学生，另一个是经理。
(3)定语从句的主语是all, none, both, neither, each等不定代词时，一般只用of whom和of which。
whose引导定语从句只能指人吗
01. Cohen, ______ contract expires next week, is likely to move to play for a European club.A. hisB. whoseC. of himD. with whom02. There was a picture in the paper of a man ______ leg had been blown off.A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. whose03. They meet in an old house, ______ basement has been converted into a chapel.A. whichB. of whichC. thatD. whose04. Fraud detectives are investigating the company, three of ______ senior executives have al ready been arrested.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these05. Solar energy is an idea ______ time has come.A. whatB. whichC. itsD. whose06. The police are investigating(调查) the company, three of ______ senior executives have a lready been arrested.A. whatB. theirC. whichD. whose07. Help is needed for families ______ houses were destroyed in the earthquake.A. thatB. whichC. theirD. whose08. The factory, ________ workers are all women, is closed for part of the school holidays.A. whatB. whenC. whichD. whose09. The woman _______ umbrella you took is very angry about it.A. whoB. whoseC. herD. which【答案与解析】01. B。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 whose引导的定语从句
小议whose引导的定语从句（要点精讲）whose引导的定语从句是语法重点，也是高考中经常考查的语法内容之一。
要学好whose引导的定语从句的用法，应注意以下方面。
一、whose为who的所有格，作“某（些）人的……”解，它所指代的先行词必须是人，其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词，同时它本身在从句中作定语。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. 这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
Mr. Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 刘老师要跟那些没交家庭作业的学生谈话。
二、whose也可作which的所有格，作”某（些）物的……“解，它所指代的先行词必须是物，其语法功能同上。
The company whose name was Notco was in Australia. 那个名叫诺特可的公司设在澳大利亚。
We live in a house whose windows open to the south. 我们居住在一所窗户朝南开的房子里。
三、whose可修饰定语从句中的主语、宾语、介词宾语等不同成分。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. 金先生的腿受了重伤，很快就被送往医院。
（whose修饰定语从句中的主语legs）We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I've just told you. 关于金女士的情况，我刚才已经告诉你们了，我们得对她的事情作出决定。
（whose修饰定语从句中的宾语story）四、whose 在定语从句中，有“所属”含义，其本身就是一个限定词，相当于one’s（如my，his，her，its，our，your，their等），故不可再与其它限定词并列使用。
whose非限制定语从句
whose非限制定语从句The boss in whose department MrKing worked called at the hospital。
金先生工作单位的老板到医院来探视。
(限制性定语从句)由于whose具有兼作who和 which的所有格的双重功能，故在指人时可用of whom代替whose，指物时可用of which代替whose。
This kind of book is for childrenwhose native language(=the native language of whom)is Chinese。
这种书是给母语是汉语的儿童看的。
I live in a room whose window(=the window of which)opens to the south。
我住在一间窗户朝南开的屋子里。
按英语习惯用法，下列情况中的whose和of whom或ofwhich切不可混用：1、凡是ofwhom或of which同数词或代词(如some，many，little 等)连用表示部分与整体关系时，通常不可用 whose。
There are 45 students in ourclass，35of whom are League members。
我们班有45名学生，其中35名是团员。
Mr White wrote many articles，some of which were translated into Chinese。
怀特先生写了不少文章，其中一些译成了中文。
2、凡是of whom或of which修饰定语从句中的主语，是表示同位关系的代词both，all等时，切不可用whose。
I have two sons，both of whom serve in the army。
我有两个儿子，都在部队服役。
He has some novels，all of which are written in Russian。
英语关系代词和关系副词
英语关系代词和关系副词一、英语关系代词英语关系代词，即用来引导定语从句的代词。
它们连接名词和定语从句，起到连接作用。
英语中的关系代词包括that、who、whom、whose和which。
1. thatthat代词既可以指人，也可以指物。
在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。
2. whowho代词只能指人，在定语从句中作主语或表语，一般用于非限定性定语从句。
此外，在口语中也常用作宾语。
例如：The man who is standing over there is my uncle.那个站在那里的人是我的叔叔。
3. whomwhom代词也只能指人，在定语从句中作宾语，作为介词的宾语时挪到介词前面，一般用于正式文体。
例如：The woman whom I met yesterday is a doctor.我昨天遇见的那个女人是个医生。
4. whosewhose代词用来表示所属关系，指人或物。
它一般在定语从句中修饰名词或代词，作用相当于“……的”。
例如：The boy whose father is a doctor is my classmate.那个父亲是医生的男孩是我的同学。
5. whichwhich代词只能指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如：The computer which I bought yesterday is very expensive.我昨天买的那台电脑很贵。
二、英语关系副词英语中的关系副词包括when、where和why。
1. whenwhen代词用来引导时间状语从句，在从句中作时间状语，表示某个时间点或时间段。
例如：The day when I first met you was the happiest day in my life.我第一次遇见你的那一天是我一生中最幸福的日子。
whose 定语从句
whose定语从句
1. whose是who的所有格形式;既可以指人也可以指物;在定语从句中充当定译为“……的”。
2．在“先行词+whose＋名词”结构中,先行词与关系词whose之后的名词间具有所属关系，whose常用来指代its,her,his, their,my等形容词性物主代词。
例如：Mr Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn`t been handed in．刘老师要跟那些没交作业的学生谈话。
whose可修饰定语从句中的主语、宾语、介词宾语等不同成分。
例如：Mr King，whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly taken to hospital．金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快被送往医院。
3、whose既可引导限制性定语从句，亦可引导非限制性定语从句。
例如：The policemen were sure the murder was the man whose gun was found lying beside the dead body．警察确信凶手就是那个人，他的枪就在死者的旁边。
定语从句的八种类型
定语从句的八种类型定语从句的八种类型：which引导的非限制性定语从句；as引导的非限制性定语从句；由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句；由where，when，why引导的定语从句；•由where，when，why引导的定语从句；由whose引导的定语从句；分隔式定语从句以及关系词省略的限制性定语从句。
第一种类型：which引导的非限制性定语从句which指代整个主句的内容，它引导的定语从句一般位于主句的后面，它的意思是“这(那)件事……”，在这些从句中which作主语或宾语。
第二种类型：as引导的非限制性定语从句as也可指代整个主句的内容，但不同于which的是，它引导的定语从句既可以位于主句的前面，也可以位于主句的后面。
它的意思是“正如”，在这些从句中as作主语或宾语。
第三种类型：由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which(指物)和whom(指人)。
在这种结构中，介词的选择非常关键，可以遵循以下四个原则：(1)根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词与介词搭配，构成动词短语。
(2)根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。
(3)根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。
当“介词＋关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用when,where,why替换。
(4)根据句子的意思确定介词。
有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。
第四种类型：由where,when,why引导的定语从句关系副词where,when,why引导定语从句时，它们分别在从句中充当地点时间、原因状语。
第五种类型：whose引导的定语从句此时要注意三点：(1)whose引导的定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成“whose+名词”；(2)whose引导的定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物；(3)whose引导的定语从句指物时，可用of which代替whose，但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+of which。
2020年高考英语之高频考点解密十 定语从句(含答案)
解密10定语从句考点详解【考点解读】定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。
纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括：1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。
如: that, which和where, when的区分; that, which和why的区分等。
2. 考查whose的使用。
whose可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。
指物时, whose＋名词＝名词＋of which ＝of which＋名词。
如：The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor.3. 考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。
尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。
4. 考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。
如：I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.5. 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。
关系代词作定语时也可用whose。
如：The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.6. 考查一些特殊的先行词。
如: 当situation, point, case, activity, scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析; 作主语、宾语和表语时, 用关系代词that/which; 作状语时, 用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”, 表示在某种特定的情形下。
定语从句中whose的用法
定语从句中whose的用法定语从句中whose的用法whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词,表" …… 的"之意；它可以指"人的",也可以指"物的"；既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句.以下是店铺为大家整理分享的定语从句中whose的用法，欢迎阅读参考。
定语从句中whose的用法whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词,表" …… 的"之意；它可以指"人的",也可以指"物的"；既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句.〖思维一〗whose + n .可作主语,宾语,功能与which ,whom (who )相同.如：Mr King ,whose legs were badly hurt ,was quickly taken to hospital .The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident .〖思维二〗whose 既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句.如：My uncle whose office we have just passed ,is a lawyer .我的叔叔是个律师,刚才我们经过他的办公室 .Once there was a wise king whose name was Alfred .从前有一个叫阿尔弗雷德的英国国王.〖思维三〗whose 代指"……的",既可以指人,也可以指物.如：Look at the building ,whose roof is white .看那栋楼,楼顶的颜色是白的.The girl lives in the house ,whose windows face south .那个女孩住在这所房子里,房子的窗户是朝南开的.〖思维四〗whose 表所属关系指物时,可与 of which 转换,词序一般是：名词+ of whichLook at the building ,the roof of which ( = whose roof )is white .The girl lives in the house ,the windows of which ( = whose windows )face south .〖思维五〗whose 不可与 of which (whom )转换的'情况.当 of 不具有"所属"含义时,（如在 hear of ,be proud of ,be fond of ,be full of 等短语中,of 均不表"所属"关系）,只能用of which (whom) 或which (whom ,who )… of ,切不可盲目用 whose .如：Mary has been married to a scientist of whom you may have heard .(… < who / whom > you may have heard of … .) 玛丽嫁给了一位科学家,你可能听说过这个人.She has a clever boy of whom she is proud .她有一个为之骄傲的聪明儿子.〖思维六〗whose 在定语从句中,有"所属"含义,一般不再与其它限定词罗列使用.当whose 表"所属"含义时,其本身就是一个限定词,相当于one's （具体讲是：my ,his ,her ,its ,our ,your ,their …）,而限定词不可罗列在一起使用,whose 也不例外.如：John ,of whom my aunt is a distant cousin by marriage ,comes to see us sometimes .约翰有时来看看我们,他是我姑姑的一个远房亲戚.WHOSE也可以引导定语从句，它相当于前面说的关系代词的所有格形式。
英语语法定语从句：关系代词whose的用法
1. whose⽤作关系代词时，它并不表⽰“谁的”，⽽是表⽰“……的……”，在具体语境需要灵活处理。
如： He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的⼈。
The boys whose names were called stood up. 叫到名字的男孩们站了起来。
You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 你是惟⼀可能使他听从劝告的⼈。
2. 不要以为whose引导定语从句时，其先⾏词⼀定是指⼈的名词，其实也可以是指事物(包括动物)的名词。
如： It was an island whose name I have forgotten. 这是⼀座岛，名字我忘了。
Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon cooperation. 狼是⾼度群体化的动物，它们的成功依赖于合作。
3. whose 不仅可以引导限制性定语从句，也可引导⾮限制性定语从句。
如： My bitch, whose temper is very uncertain, often bites the judges at dog shows. 我的母狗脾⽓不稳定，常常在狗展上咬裁判。
One of the Britons, whose identity has not been revealed, was taken to hospital. 其中⼀位英国⼈被送往医院。
他的⾝份还没有透露。
Now was not the time to start thinking of mother, whose death had so distressed me. 现在还不是开始想念母亲的时候。
她的逝世曾令我极度痛苦。
4. 引导定语从句的“whose+名词”，有时可换成其他结构，注意词序的变化。
定语从句whose是一个表示所属关系的词
定语从句whose 是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于my ，his ，her ，its ，their 等修饰人或物。
of which 可以代替whose 指物，词序一般是名词＋of which 或of which ＋名词。
of whom 可以代替whose 指人，词序是名词＋of whom 。
(2009・安徽卷)Many children ，whose parents are away working in big cities ，are taken good care of in the village. 父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。
(2010・江苏卷)The newly-built cafe ，the walls of which are painted light green ，is really a peaceful place for us ，especially after hard work. 这家新建的墙体被涂成浅绿色的咖啡厅对我们而言确实是个安静场所，尤其是在辛苦工作之后。
1.(2010・北京卷)Children who are not active or________diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A ．whatB ．whoseC ．WhichD ．that 解析：句意为：一些不是很活跃，或者他们的饮食中热量太高的孩子会很快长胖。
本题考查定语从句。
先行词为children ，or 连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个定语从句的引导词为who ，第二个引导词为考查点，先行词children 在第二个定语从句中与从句中的主语diet 形成所属关系：children’s d iet ，故选择B项。
答案： B 2．(2010・陕西卷)The old temple________roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. A ．where B ．which C ．its D ．whose 解析：句意为：那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修当中。
定语从句中关系词的使用
定语从句中关系词的使用▼关系词：关系代词：who, whom, that, which, whose关系副词：where, when, why▼关系代词的使用：一、who/ whom的用法二者都可指人，who在定语从句中作主语、宾语，whom在定语从句中作宾语→In this accident, the number of people who died reached as many as 25. 在这次事故中死亡人数多达25人。
→I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. 我要寄给很多朋友贺卡。
注意：①在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词whom也可用who代替，非限制性定语从句中，whom不可用who代替；②但介词提前作宾语时不可以用who，只能用“介词+whom”。
例：→The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li.二、whose的用法Whose一般指人，有时也指物，在定语从句中作定语→You’re the only one whose advice he might listen to.只有你的建议他可能会听。
（whose在定语从句中作advice的定语）→I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。
（whose在从句中作window的定语）三、which的用法Which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，偶尔也作定语。
Which 在指人时往往指婴儿或指人的品质→The river which runs through the center of the city was polluted seriously.穿过市中心的那条河遭到了严重的污染。
（which在从句中作主语）→They stayed with me for three weeks during which time they drunk all thewine I had.他们和我一起待了三周，这期间他们喝光了我所有的酒。
定语从句知识总结(最新9篇)
定语从句知识总结（最新9篇）英语的定语从句总结篇一一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。
Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。
（1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语）（2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that 在从句中作宾语）（3）The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师（4）he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：（1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语）（2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语）注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing ，none等不定代词时；b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；d)先行词中既有人又有物时；e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；f)当先行词为物并作表语时；g)先行词为one时；h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day whenI first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。
whose引导定语从句可以指物吗
生态环境审计的实训内容
生态环境审计是一种评估和监测企业、政府机构或其他组织对环境影响的方法。
它旨在帮助组织更好地了解、管理和改善其环境绩效，以实现可持续发展目标。
以下是生态环境审计的实训内容：
1. 数据收集与分析：实训将涉及收集和分析与组织环境影响相关的数据。
这包括监测大气、水和土壤质量、噪音水平、废弃物管理等方面的数据。
学生将学习如何使用各种仪器和工具来收集这些数据，并使用统计分析方法来解读和评估数据。
2. 环境政策和法规研究：学生将研究和了解与环境保护相关的政策和法规。
他们将学习如何解读和应用这些法规，以确保组织的环境行为符合规定。
3. 环境风险评估：学生将学习如何评估组织的环境风险。
这包括识别潜在的环境污染源、评估环境风险的概率和影响，并提出风险管理措施。
4. 环境管理系统审核：学生将学习如何评估和审查组织的环境管理系统。
他们将学习如何检查系统的有效性和合规性，并提出改进建议。
5. 环境绩效评估：学生将学习如何评估组织的环境绩效。
他们将学
习如何制定环境指标和目标，并使用评估工具和方法来评估组织的环境绩效。
6. 编写审计报告：学生将学习如何撰写生态环境审计报告。
这包括
总结审计结果、提出问题和建议，并为组织提供改进方向和战略。
通过这些实训内容，学生将能够全面了解生态环境审计的过程和方法，并获得实践经验。
这将有助于他们将理论知识应用于实际情况，并为组织的环境管理和决策提供有价值的建议。
who引导的定语从句举例
who引导的定语从句举例who引导的定语从句举例关于who引导的定语从句大家了解过多少呢？可能很多人都不是很清楚，下面就是店铺分享的who引导的定语从句举例，一起来看一下吧。
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种.（一）限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when 引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导（二）非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处.I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反.We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了.3. 有时as也可用作关系代词4. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物.一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等.关系词常有3个作用：1,引导定语从句.2,代替先行词.3,在定语从句中担当一个成分.二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略.(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如:He is the man whom/who I talk to.如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如:He is the man who has an English book.4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom；指物时,相当于which.在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略.(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who 或者that；指物时用which,不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(F)3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.四．关系副词引导的定语从句1. when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,不能删除是对先行词的补充说明,删除后意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语,“…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上 A．做宾语时可省略 B.可用thatC．可用who代替whom A．不可省 B.不用thatC.不用who代替whom限制性定语从句举例：(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.(2) China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例：(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.要注意区分以下几个句子的不同(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学.（他还有其他的哥哥）(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.他的哥哥是当医生的,常鼓励他要考上大学.（他只有一个哥哥）六、判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的.谓语动词.及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词.例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.判断改错（注：先显示题,再显示答案,横线；用不同的颜色表示出.）（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.（对）I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起.此两题错在关系词的误用上.方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one答案：例1 D,例2 A例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D.而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语.而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A.关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) .介词+关系词1）介词后面的关系词不能省略.2）that前不能有介词.3）某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换.This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?Do you remember the day when you joined our club?先行词和关系词二合一1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)as, which 非限定性定语从句由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that.As一般放在句首,which在句中.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.典型例题1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A. itB. thatC. whichD. he答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用that修饰,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接.况且选he句意不通.2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it答案B.which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可.That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通.3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A. thatB. whichC. asD. it答案B.as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语.但不同之处主要有两点：(1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可.(2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which..在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B.As 的用法例1. the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样…….I have got into the same trouble as he (has).例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是关系代词.例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式.关系代词that 的用法1）不用that的情况a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时.(错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b) 介词后不能用.We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which.b) 在不定代词,如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which.c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时,只用that.d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that..e) 先行词既有人,又有物时.举例：All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油问题.Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察.难点分析（一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3) All that can be done has been done.(4) There is little that I can do for you.注意：当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.2. 当先行词被序数词修饰(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时(1) This is the best film that I have seen.4. 当形容词被the very, the only 修饰时(1) This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy,(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时(1) Who is the man that is standing there?(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6. 当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?（二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句,有相同之处也有不同之处.具体情况是：1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,代表前面整个句子.(1) He married her, as/which was natural.(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.2. as 引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前,或者主句之后,甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后.另外,as有“正如……,正像……”的意思(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时,常用which(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.3. 当先行次受such, the same修饰时,常用as(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.注意：当先行次由the same修饰时,偶尔也用that引导定语从句,但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子.(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子.（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导,而且通常可以省略.(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.(四) but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句(1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don’t )(五) 区分定语从句和同位语从句1．定语从句修饰先行词,它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容,是补充说明的关系(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位于从句2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导,关系词在句中充当成分,有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导,在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导,充当成分(1) The news he told me is true.(2) The news that he has just died is true.(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子,而定语从句不可以(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all.(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.【拓展内容】as引导的定语从句在一些习惯用法上，as能兼作关系代词、关系副词，经常引导定语从句。
whose的定语从句用法
whose的定语从句用法
whose引导的定语从句的用法如下：
1.whose是who的所有格，既可指人，也可指物，相当于the+名词+of which 或of whom。
2.whose在定语从句中作定语，指物时相当于the+名词+of which，指人时相当于of whom。
3.whose还可用来引导让步状语从句，相当于the+名词+of which或of whom。
1.whose引导的定语从句可以修饰名词、代词、短语等，其作用相当于一个形容词。
例如，“The book whose cover is red is mine.”这句话中的“whose”修饰了名词“book”，表示“书”是红色的。
2.whose也可以引导限定性定语从句，修饰名词、代词等，表示所属关系。
例如，“The girl whose name is Alice is my friend.”这句话中的“whose”修饰了名词“girl”，表示“Alice”是“我的朋友”的姓名。
3.whose还可以引导非限定性定语从句，修饰整个主句，表示对主句的补充说明。
例如，“The building, whose construction was completed last year, is now open to the public.”这句话中的“whose”引导了一个非限定性定语从句，修饰了整个主句，表示“这座建筑去年已经完工，现在对公众开放”。
非限制性定语从句引导词
非限制性定语从句引导词1.非限制性定语从句不可用that引导，在非限制性定语从句中用who(作主语)/whom(作宾语)指人，用which(作主语/宾语)指物，用whose作定语(指人/物)。
2.关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略，若指人时，只用whom，不用who。
3.非限制性定语从句不可用why引导，需用forwhich替代why。
非限制性定语从句选择引导词的五个不能一、非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。
如：1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday．我喜欢这本书，这是昨买的。
2. I like the book which/that was bought yesterday．我喜欢昨天买的那本书。
二、非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。
要用for which代替why．如：1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting．我把理由告诉了他们，为此我不用去开会。
2. I had told them the reason why/for wh ich I didn’t attend the meeting．我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。
（限制性定语从句“the reason why…”是常见搭配。
）三、非限制性定语从句置于主句前时，不能用which引导；关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。
如：1. As I expected, he didn’t believe me．正如我所预料的，他不相信我。
2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth．她听到一个可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。
四、非限制性定语从句由“介词+关系代词”引导时，其中的关系代词不能用as，如：1. He bought the car for more than $20000, with which his father was angry．他花2万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。
如何选择定语从句的引导词
如何选择定语从句的引导词 引导语：选择定语从句的引导词是定语从句的难点。
以下⼝诀可帮助们化难为易。
⼀看指⼈还是物，⼆看介词在何处；三看句中作何⽤，四看是否属特殊。
下⾯是店铺为你带来的如何选择定语从句的引导词，希望对你有所帮助。
现将四句⼝诀分述如下： “⼀看指⼈还是物”：指⼈时⽤who，whom；whose和that既可指⼈⼜可指物；which只能指物。
that和which在句中作主语或宾语；在⾮正式⽂体中，作宾语的whom，which或that可省略。
【⾼考链接】 The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other.A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that 答案：D。
解析：分析句⼦结构可知，空格处及后⾯部分为定语从句，先⾏词small houses为物，故⽤that引导定语从句，that在定语从句中作主语。
“⼆看介词在何处”：介词置于从句之⾸还是置于从句的地⽅，引导词的使⽤有区别。
当介词置于从句之⾸时，若指⼈，介词之后只能⽤whom ⽽不能⽤who和that；若指物，则只能⽤which⽽不能⽤that。
【经典例析】 试⽐较以下两句： 1. Do you know the woman with whom I shook hands at the school gate? 2. Do you know the woman whom I shook hands with at the school gate? 第⼀句中介词with置于定语从句之⾸，其后的whom不可以替换成who或that，也不能省略；第⼆句中的'引导词whom作介词with的宾语，可替换为who或that，也可省略。
“三看句中作何⽤”：如何选⽤定语从句中的引导词，关键是要看引导词在从句中充当成分。
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请看下面这道题：
I saw some trees __________ leaves were black C. his D. the
但是如果 whose所修饰的名词中心词之前有数词或其他限定词，则不用 whose，而用of which：
There I saw a large table，two legs of which were broken. 在那里我看见有一张大桌子，其中有两条腿断了。
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■窗户破了的那座房子是空的。
正：The house whose windows are broken is empty.
正：The house the windows of which are broken is empty.
正：The house of which the windows are broken is empty.
Can you see the mountain whose top is covered with snow? 你看得见山顶上覆盖着雪的那座山吗?
Here is a word whose meaning escapes me. 这里有一个词，我一下想不起它是什么意思了。
当先行词为物时，其后引导定语从句的 whose＋n. 也可换成 the＋n. ＋of which / of which＋the＋n.：
分析：此题应选B。容易误选A。许多考生认为，关系代词whose和who，whom一样，只能指人，不能指物。
事实上，用作关系代词的 whose 与 who，whom不一样，它不仅可以指人也可以指物(用作定语)：
There are some students whose questions I can’t answer. 有些学生的问题我不能回答。