(Press release)Mecel helps the automotive industry meet new safety standard

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数控系统常用英语

数控系统中常用的英语单词目前数控系统大多使用英语，为方便使用数控设备时查找,在下面列出了数控系统中比较常用的英文词汇。

其中的汉语解释只侧重于它们在数控系统中的含义,而对其它含义则予以忽略。

单词词义ｂｏａrｄn．板卡fiｎｅadｊ.精密的wｏｒd n.字ABS（ａｂsolutｅ) adｊ.绝对的absｏluｔe adｊ.绝对的ＡC n.交流ａｃｃeleｒate ｖ.加速accｅlｅｒａtｉｏn n.加速度active adj.有效的adapteｒn.适配器,插头adｄress ｎ.地址adｊust v.调整adjustmeｎt n．调整adｖancｅv.前进advａnced aｄj.高级的,增强的alａrｍn.报警ALＭ(ａlａrm) n.报警aｌtｅr v.修改amplｉfｉeｒn．放大器anｇｌe n.角度ＡPC n.绝对式脉冲编码器appendix n．附录,附属品aｒc ｎ．圆弧arguｍent n.字段,自变量arithｍetic ｎ．算术arrow n.箭头ＡＵTＯｎ．自动ａuｔomatic ａdj．自动的autoｍatｉｏn n.自动aｕｘｉliａｒy fｕnction 辅助功能aｘｅｓｎ.轴(复数）axis n.轴bacｋground n．背景，后台backlａsh ｎ．间隙baｃkspacｅｖ.退格ｂaｃｋｕp v．备份bar n.栏,条batｔeｒｙｎ.电池bauｄｒａte ｎ.波特率beaｒiｎg ｎ.轴承binａry ａｄj..二进制的bit n．位ｂlａnk n.空格bｌock ｎ.撞块,程序段blown v.熔断bore v.镗boｒinｇn.镗boｘn.箱体，框bｒacket n.括号buｆfer n.v.缓冲ｂｕs ｎ.总线bｕtｔon n．按钮ｃａbienｔｎ.箱体calｂe n．电缆ｃａｌｃｕlate v.计算calculａtｉon n.计算calｌv.调用CAN(ｃancｅl) ｖ．清除caｎceｌｖ.清除canｎed cycle 固定循环capaｃity ｎ.容量ｃard n.板卡ｃarriage ｎ.床鞍,工作台casｓette n．磁带ｃell ｎ.电池ＣＨ(chａnel) n．通道change v.变更，更换chａnnel n.通道cｈeck v.检查choｐｖ.錾削cｈopping ｎ.錾削circle n.圆circuit n.电路，回路ｃirｃular adj.圆弧的ｃlａｍp ｖ．夹紧ｃｌear ｖ.清除clip v.剪切clip boarｄn.剪贴板clock n．时钟clutch n.卡盘，离合器CMR ｎ．命令增益CNC 计算机数字控制codｅn.代码ｃodeｒn.编码器ｃoｍmand n，ｖ.命令ｃommｕniｃation n.通讯ｃoｍpensａｔioｎn.补偿compｕｔeｒｎ.计算机conditｉon n.条件conｆiguｒａtiｏn n.配置conｆigｕre v.配置cｏnnecｔv.连接cｏｎnectｉon n．连接connectoｒｎ．连接器consoｌe n．操作台ｃonstant n.常数,adj.恒定的contｏur n．轮廓control ｖ.控制convｅrsiｏn n.转换cool v.冷却coｏlaｎt n.冷却coｏrdinaｔe n.坐标ｃｏpｙv.拷贝ｃｏrｎer n.转角cｏrrect v.改正,adj．正确的correction n.修改cｏunt v.计数counter n．计数器ＣPU n．中央处理单元CＲn．回车cｒadle ｎ.摇架create ｖ.生成ＣRＴn.真空射线管CSB n.中央服务板cｕrreｎｔn.电流，当前的，缺省的curreｎt loop n.电流环ｃuｒsor n.光标ｃustom n.用户ｃｕt v.切削cuｔter n.(元盘形)刀具cｙcle n.循环cyliｎｄeｒn.圆柱体cylinｄricaｌadｊ.圆柱的daｔa n.数据（复数)date n.日期ｄａtum n.数据（单数)DC n.直流deceleratioｎn.减速ｄecimａl point n.小数点ｄecrｅaｓe ｖ．减少deep aｄj.深的dｅfｉｎe ｖ.定义dｅg. n.度dｅgｒeｅｎ．度DEL（deletｅ) ｖ.删除delay ｖ,ｎ.延时delete v.删除deｌetioｎｎ.删除ｄeｓcripｔion n．描述ｄetect v．检查ｄetecｔiｏn n.检查ｄｅvicｅn．装置DGN(diagnose) v.诊断ＤＩｎ.数字输入DIAG（ｄiaｇnoｓis) ｎ.诊断dｉaｇｎosis n.诊断diａmeｔer n．直径dｉamond ｎ.金刚石digｉt n.数字dimeｎsion n．尺寸，（坐标系的）维DＩR ｎ.目录ｄｉrection n.方向ｄirｅctｏrｙｎ.目录ｄｉsconｎecｔv.断开discｏnnectiｏｎn.断开ｄisk n．磁盘diskette n．磁盘disｐlay v,ｎ.显示distaｎｃｅｎ.距离ｄivｉde n,v除，v．划分DMR n.检测增益DNC 直接数据控制DＯｎ.数字输出dog swiｔｃh n.回参考点减速开关ＤＯS n.磁盘操作系统DＲAＭn.动态随机存储器drawｉnｇｎ.画图dress v．修整dresser n.修整器ｄrill v.钻孔dｒｉve v.驱动dｒiver n.驱动器dry ｒｕn 空运行dｕplｉｃate v．复制dupliｃatｉon n.复制dwell n,v.延时ediｔｖ.编辑EDT(ediｔ）v.编辑EIA n.美国电子工业协会标准electriｃal ａdj.电气的electｒoｎiｃaｄｊ．电子的ｅｍergeｎcy ｎ.紧急情况eｎabｌe v.使能encｏｄer n.编码器end v,n．结束enteｒn.回车,v.输入,进入entry ｎ.输入eqｕａl v．等于eqｕｉｐmenｔn.设备ｅｒase v.擦除errｏｒn.误差，错误，故障Esc=eｓcａpｅｖ.退出exacｔａdj．精确的ｅxamplｅn．例子exｃｈange v.更换execｕｔｅv.执行execｕtioｎｎ.执行exit v.退出exterｎａｌａdj．外部的faｉｌure n．故障ＦＡNUＣｎ．（日本)法那克faｕlt n.故障ｆeed ｖ.进给ｆeedback v.反馈fｅedrate n.进给率fiｇurｅn．数字ｆile n.文件fｉlt(filtrate) v.过滤ｆilteｒn.过滤器Ｆiｎ(ｆiｎisｈ）n.完成（应答信号）fｉne adj.精密的fixtｕrｅn.夹具FＬ（回参考点的)低速flａsh memory ｎ．闪存flexible adj．柔性的fｌoppｙaｄj．软的foreground n.前景,前台fｏrｍat n.格式,v.格式化ｆunction n.功能gaｉｎn．增益ＧE FAＮUＣGＥ法那克gear n.齿轮geneｒal adj．总的,通用的ｇenｅratoｒn.发生器geometｒy n.几何gｒaｄient n.倾斜度,梯度gｒaph n．图形graphｉc aｄj.图形的gｒｉｎd v.磨削group n.组gｕiｄancｅｎ.指南,指导guｉｄe v.指导halt ｎ,v．暂停,间断hanｄlｅn.手动,手摇轮hａndy aｄｊ.便携的hａｎdy file 便携式编程器haｒdware n.硬件ｈeliｃal adj．螺旋上升的help n，ｖ.帮助hｉstory ｎ.历史HNDL(haｎdle) n．手摇,手动hｏld v.保持ｈｏle n.孔hｏriｚontal a．水平的host ｎ.主机hｏuｒn.小时hｙｄraulｉc adj.液压的I／Ｏn.输入／输出iｌlｅgaｌａdj.非法的iｎaｃｔive ａdｊ.无效的iｎch n.英寸incrｅｍent n.增量increｍｅｎtal adj.增量的iｎdeｘ分度,索引initial adｊ.原始的initiaｌｉzaｔioｎｎ.C５23初始化ｉnｉｔialize v．初始化iｎput n.v.输入ＩＮS(insert) v.插入inseｒt v.插入ｉnstruｃｔiｏｎｎ.说明iｎｔerｆacｅｎ.接口ｉnｔeｒｎａｌadj.内部的interｐolate ｖ.插补iｎtｅrｐｏlatｉon n.插补interrｕｐｔｖ.中断inteｒruptｉｏn n.中断intervent n.间隔，间歇iｎvｏlｕte ｎ.渐开线IＳO ｎ．国际标准化组织jｏｇn.点动ｊuｍp v.跳转ｋey n.键keyboaｒd n．键盘ｌａbel n.标记,标号lａddeｒ diagrａｍ梯形图ｌａｎguage n．语言lathe n.车床LCＤｎ.液晶显示leasｔadj.最小的lｅngth ｎ.长度ＬIB(lｉbｒary) n．库libｒaｒy n.库life n．寿命ｌighｔn.灯limit n.极限limiｔｓwitch n.限位开关lｉｎｅn.直线liｎｅａr ａdｊ．线性的ｌinｅａr scａle n.直线式传感器link n,ｖ.连接list n，v.列表ｌｏad n.负荷，ｖ.装载loｃal adj.本地的locate ｖ.定位，插销loｃａtｉon n.定位,插销lock v.锁定logic ｎ.逻辑look ahead v.预，超前loｏp n.回路,环路ＬS n．限位开关LSI n．大规模集成电路ｍacｈine ｎ．机床,v.加工macｒo n.宏macro pｒｏgram n．宏程序magazｉnｅn.刀库magｎet n.磁体,磁magｎｅtｉc a.磁的main ｐrogram n.主程序mａinｔain v.维护maｉnteｎance n．维护MAN(manuaｌ）ｎ.手动manaｇｅmenｔn.管理manｕaｌｎ.手动masｔer adｊ.主要的max ａｄj.最大的，n.最大值ｍaximuｍａdj.最大的，n.最大值MDI ｎ．手动数据输入mｅａning n．意义measuｒemeｎt ｎ.测量ｍeｍｏｒｙn.存储器meｎu n．菜单mesｓａge n．信息ｍeter n．米metric adj.米制的ｍill n.铣床，v.铣削ｍin ａdj．最小的,n.最小值miｎimum adj.最小的,n.最小值minuｓv.减,aｄｊ.负的miｎute n.分钟mirｒｏr ｉmａgｅn.镜像miscelｌａnｅous functioｎn.辅助功能MＭＣn.人机通讯单元mｏdal adj.模态的modal G code n.模态G代码mode n.方式mｏdｅl n.型号moｄify v．修改moduｌe n．模块MOＮ(ｍoniｔｏr）v.监控moｎｉtｏr ｖ．监控moｎth n．月份mｏｔion n.运动motoｒn．电机mouse n．鼠标MOＶ(移动）v．移动ｍove ｖ．移动movement n.移动multｉpｌy v.乘Ｎ nuｍbｅｒｎ.程序段号Ｎ.M n．牛顿．米name n.名字NＣn．数字控制NCK ｎ．数字控制核心nｅgａｔive adj.负的ｎeｓt v,ｎ.嵌入,嵌套nop ｎ.空操作NUＬL ｎ.空numｂeｒn.号码ｎuｍeriｃadj.数字的O nｕmｂｅr n.程序号oｃtal aｄｊ．八进制的OEM n．原始设备制造商OFＦadｖ.断oｆfset n.补偿,偏移量ＯN adv.通ｏne ｓhot G ｃode 一次性G代码open ｖ.打开ｏpeｒate v.操作operaｔioｎｎ.操作OPＲT(ｏｐeraｔｉoｎ) n.操作oriｇin n.起源，由来oriｇinａｌadｊ.原始的ｏutput n,v．输出over ｔｒavel 超程over voltage 过电压ｏｖercuｒｒent 过电流oveｒflow v,n.溢出overｈeaｔn.过热overload ｎ.过负荷ｏverrｉde n.（速度等的）倍率paｇe ｎ.页ｐage down 下翻页pagｅｕp 上翻页pａnel n.面板PARA(ｐarameter) n.参数paｒabola ｎ.抛物线paralｌel adj．平行的,并行的,并联的parａmeter n.参数pａrity n.奇偶性pａrt n.工件，部分pａssword n．口令,密码paste v.粘贴pａｔh n.路径pattｅrn n．句型,式样pａｕse n.暂停PC ｎ.个人电脑PCB n．印刷电路板per pｒｅp.每个peｒcenｔn.百分数ｐｉtｃh ｎ.节距，螺距ｐlane n.平面PＬＣn.可编程序逻辑控制器plus ｎ．增益，prｅｐ.加,adj.正的PMC n.可编程序逻辑控制器pneuｍaｔic aｄｊ.空气的polar aｄｊ．两极的,ｎ.极线poｒtablｅadｊ．便携的ＰＯS（positioｎ) v,n.位置，定位positｉoｎv，n．位置,定位ｐoｓｉtion looｐn．位置环ｐoｓｉtiｖe adj．正的power ｎ.电源，能量,功率ｐoｗer sｏurce n.电源preｌoａd v.预负荷ｐreset v.予置pressuｒe n．压力pｒevieｗv．予览ＰRGＲM(pｒogram) ｖ.编程，n.程序prｉnt v.打印priｎtｅr n.打印机prior adｊ.优先的,基本的proceduｒe n.步骤profiｌe n.轮廓，剖面prｏgram ｖ.编程，ｎ.程序progｒammable adj．可编程的progrａmmer ｎ．编程器protｅｃt ｖ.保护protoｃol n.协议PSW(paｓｓｗｏｒd) n.密码,口令pulｓe ｎ.脉冲ｐｕmp n．泵punch v.穿孔ｐｕnchｅr n．穿孔机pusｈbuｔtｏｎn.按钮ＰWM n.脉宽调制querｙｎ.问题，疑问quｉｔv.退出ｒadius ｎ．半径ＲAM n.随机存储器rａｍp n.斜坡rａmp up v.（计算机系统）自举ｒangｅn．范围rapｉd aｄj.快速的ｒaｔｅn．比率,速度ｒatｉo n.比值ｒeａｄv．读ｒeady adj.有准备的ream ｖ.铰加工reaｍｅｒｎ.铰刀rｅcorｄv，n.记录REF（refereｎce）n．参考reｆｅrｅnce n．参考reｆerｅｎce point ｎ.参考点regｉster n.寄存器registｒａtioｎn.注册，登记relatiｖｅadj．相对的ｒelay v,n.中继rｅmedy n.解决方法remote adj.远程的reｐlace v.更换,代替ｒeset ｖ.复位ｒestaｒt v.重启动REＴ(return) v．返回retuｒｎv.返回ｒevoｌutｉｏn n.转ｒｅwinｄｖ.卷绕rigid ａdj.刚性的RISＣn．精简指令集计算机rｏｌl v.滚动roｌlｅr n.滚轮RＯM n．只读存储器ｒotate v.旋转rotation ｎ.旋转rｏｔoｒn.转子rouｇh adj．粗糙的ＲPＭn．转/分RＳＴＲ(restart) v．重启动ruｎｖ.运行sａmplｅn．样本,示例ｓａｖe v.存储save as 另存为scａｌe n.尺度,标度ｓcaliｎg n．缩放比例schｅdule n．时间表,清单scｒeen ｎ．屏幕ｓcrｅw n.丝杠,螺杆search v.搜索secｏnd n.秒segmenｔn.字段seｌect v.选择ｓelｅction n.选择ｓelｆ-ｄiagｎｏsｔiｃ自诊断sｅnｓor n.传感器ｓeqｕeｎce ｎ.顺序sequencｅnｕmｂｅr 顺序号sｅrieｓn.系列，adj.串行的ｓeｒies sｐindle n.数字主轴servo n．伺服set v.设置ｓettinｇｎ.设置ｓｈaｆt n．轴shape n.形状ｓhift v.移位ＳIEMENSE （德国）西门子公司sign n.符号,标记ｓigｎaｌn．信号skip v,ｎ．跳步slave adj.从属的SLＣn.小型逻辑控制器slｉｄe ｎ．滑台,v.滑动slot ｎ.槽sｌｏｗadj.慢soft kｅy ｎ.软键盘softｗａre ｎ．软件spaｃｅn.空格,空间SPＣn.增量式脉冲编码器sｐeed n.速度sｐindｌe ｎ.主轴ＳRAM n.静态随机存储器SRH(seａｒcｈ) ｖ.搜索ｓtａrt v.启动sｔatement n．语句stator n.定子ｓｔatus n．状态ｓtep ｎ.步stop v．停止,n.挡铁store v.储存stｒobe n.选通strokｅn.行程Ｓｕbprogram n.子程序sum n.总和ｓuｒface ｎ.表面SV(sｅｒvｏ) n.伺服sｗiｔch n.开关ｓwiｔch oｆf v.关断ｓwｉｔcｈ oｎv.接通symbol ｎ.符号，标记syｎｃｈronｏus aｄj.同步的SYS(syｓｔem) ｎ.系统system n.系统tab n.制表键table n．表格tail n.尾座tandｅm adv.一前一后，串联ｔaｎdｅm control n.纵排控制(加载预负荷的控制方式) tank ｎ．箱体tap n,v．攻丝tape n.磁带,纸带ｔape readeｒn.纸带阅读机tapｐing ｎ.攻丝teaｃh iｎ示教technｉquｅn．技术，工艺temperaｔure ｎ.温度test ｖ，n.测试ｔｈread ｎ.螺纹timｅｎ.时间，次数tolｅrancｅｎ.公差toｏl n.刀具，工具tool pot n.刀杯torｑuｅn.扭矩ｔｏwer ｎ.刀架，转塔traｃe n．轨迹，踪迹ｔrack n.轨迹,踪迹traｎｄuｃer n.传感器ｔｒansfｅｒv.传输，传送trａnsfoｒmeｒn.变压器tｒaversｅv．移动ｔrigger v.触发tｕrn v转动,n转,回合ｔurｎ ofｆv.关断turn on v.接通turnｉng n．转动,车削ｕｎｃlａmp v.松开unit n．单位,装置uｎｌoad n.卸载uｎlock v.解锁ＵPS n．不间断电源usｅr n.用户value ｎ.值variabｌｅn．变量，adｊ．可变的veｌoｃity n.速度ｖelocity loop n.速度环verify v．效验ｖerｓion n.版本veｒtical a．垂直的voｌｔage n.电压wａrning n.警告ｗaveｆｏrm n.波形wear n,v.磨损weiｇｈt n.重量,权重whｅeｌn.轮子，砂轮windoｗn.窗口，视窗workｐiece n.工件writｅv.写入wｒonｇn.错误,ａdj.错的yｅar n．年zero n.零,零位zonｅｎ.区域。

悍马 charging system 指示器操作指南说明书

If the Auto Idle Stop is active for an extended period,the chargingsystem indicator may come on.If it happens,start the engine.The charging system indicator may also come on if the Integrated Motor Assist (IMA)battery charge drops below a desired level and the engine starts to recharge the battery.This indicator may blink after you start the vehicle in the morningwhen the temperature is below 20°F (30°C).It will stop blinking when the IMA battery warms up.If the charging systemindicator comes on brightly when the engine is running,the 12volt battery is not being charged.Immediately turn off all electrical accessories.Try not to use other electrically operated controls such as the power windows and rear window defogger.Keep the engine running;starting the engine will discharge the battery rapidly.Go to a service station or garage where you can get technical assistance.Taking Care of the UnexpectedCharging System Indicator191If your vehicle battery has beendisconnected or gone dead, thesecodes are erased. It takes at leastthree days of driving under variousconditions to set the codes again.To check if they are set, turn theignition to ON (II), without startingthe engine. The MalfunctionIndicator Lamp will come on for 20seconds. If it then goes off, thereadiness codes are set. If it blinks 5times, the readiness codes are notset. If possible, do not take yourvehicle for a state emissions testuntil the readiness codes are set.Refer to State Emissions Testing formore information(see page).If the indicator comes on repeatedly,even though it may turn off as youcontinue driving,have the vehiclechecked by the dealer as soon aspossible.Your vehicle has certain‘‘readinesscodes’’that are part of the on-boarddiagnostics for the emissionssystems.In some states,part of theemissions testing is to make surethese codes are set.If they are notset,the test cannot be completed.If the indicator comes onwhile driving,it means oneof the engine’s emissioncontrol systems may have a problem.Even though you may feel nodifference in your vehicle’sperformance,it can reduce your fueleconomy and cause increasedemissions.Continued operation maycause serious damage.If you have recently refueled yourvehicle,the indicator coming oncould be a loose or missing fuel fillcap.Tighten the cap until it clicks atleast three times.Tightening the capwill not turn the indicator turn offimmediately;it takes at least threedays of normal driving.211 Taking Care of the UnexpectedMalfunction Indicator LampReadiness Code192NOTICE:If you keep driving with theMalf unction Indicator Lamp on,youcan damage your vehicle’s emissioncontrols and the engine.Those repairsmay not be covered by your vehicle’swarranties.The brake system indicator normally comes on when you turn the ignition switch ON (II) and as a reminderto check the parking brake.It will stay lit if you do not fully release the parking brake.If the brake system indicator comes on while driving, the brake fluid level is probably low. Press lightly on the brake pedal to see if it feels normal.If it does, check the brake fluid level the next time you stop at a service station (see page ).If the fluid level is low, take your vehicle to the dealer and have the brake system inspected for leaks or worn brake pads.However, if the brake pedal does not feel normal, you should take immediate action. A problem in one part of the system’s dual circuitdesign will still give you braking attwo wheels. You will feel the brake pedal go down much farther before the vehicle begins to slow down and you will have to press harder on the pedal.Slow down by shifting to a lower gear, and pull to the side of the road when it is safe. Because of the long distance needed to stop, it ishazardous to drive the vehicle.You should have it towed and repaired as soon as possible (see on page 199).If you must drive the vehicle a short distance in this condition,drive slowly and carefully.If the ABS indicator comes on with this indicator,have the vehicle inspected by your Honda dealer immediately.160On models equipped with ABSBrake System IndicatorTaking Care of the UnexpectedEmergency Towing 193The vehicle’s fuses are located in three fuse boxes.The interior fuse box is located underneath the steering column. To open it, turn the knobs as shown.The under-hood fuse box is located in the engine compartment on the driver’s side.The secondary fuse box is located in the engine compartment.FusesTaking Care of the Unexpected194If you cannot drive the vehiclewithout fixing the problem,and you do not have a spare fuse,take a fuse of the same rating or a lower rating from one of the other circuits.Make sure you can do without that circuit temporarily (such as the accessory power socket or radio).If you replace the blown fuse with a spare fuse that has a lower rating,it might blow out again.This does not indicate anything wrong.Replace the fuse with one of the correct rating as soon as you can.Turn the ignition switch to LOCK (0).Make sure the headlights and all other accessories are off.Remove the cover from the fuse box.Check each of the large fuses in the under-hood fuse box bylooking through the top at the wire inside.Remove the screws with a phillips-head screwdriver.1.2.3.FusesTaking Care of the Unexpected195NOTICE:Replacing a f use with one that has a higher rating greatlyincreases the chances of damaging the electrical system.If you do not have a replacement f use with the proper rating f or the circuit,install one with a lowerrating.If the radio fuse is removed, the audio system will disable itself. The next time you turn on the radio you will see ‘‘COdE’’ in the frequency display. Use the Preset buttons to enter the five-digit code (see page ).When the audio system is disabled,the clock setting in the audio system will be canceled.You will need to reset the clock according to the instructions in the audio system section on this owner’s manual.If the replacement fuse of the same rating blows in a short time,there is probably a seriouselectrical problem in your vehicle.Leave the blown fuse in that circuit and have your vehicle checked by a qualified mechanic.6.107FusesTaking Care of the Unexpected196No.Amps.Circuits ProtectedNo.Amps.Circuits Protected120ACooling Fan123456789101112131415161718192020A 10A 10A 20A 10A 15A 15A 20A 10A 40A 30A 40A 40A 40A 20A 20A 20A 60A 80A 50A Condenser Fan IMASmall Light Cooling Fan Hazard FI ECU Horn,Stop ABS F/S Back Up ABS Motor Rear Defroster Heater Motor Power Window OptionLeft Headlight Door LockRight Headlight EPS Battery Ignition 1Spare Fuses21257.5A 30ATaking Care of the UnexpectedFuse Locations197UNDER-HOOD AND SECONDARY FUSEBOXES1:On Canadian models 2:Optional Security SystemTaking Care of the UnexpectedFuse Locations198The tow truck uses two pivoting arms that go under the tires (front or rear)and lift them off the ground.The other two tires remain on the ground.If your vehicle needs to be towed,call a professional towing service or organization.Never tow your vehicle with just a rope or chain.It is very dangerous.The operatorloads your vehicle on the back of a truck.With the front wheels on the ground,it is best to tow the car no farther than 50miles (80km),and keep the speed below 35mph (55km/h).If your vehicle is equipped with a front spoiler,remove it before towing so it is not damaged.There are two ways to tow your vehicle.Wheel-lift Equipment Flat-bed Equipment This is an acceptable way to tow your Honda.This is the best way to trans-port your Honda.Emergency TowingTaking Care of the Unexpected199NOTICE:NOTICE:Improper towing preparation will damage the transmission.Follow the above procedure exactly.If you cannot shif t the transmission or start the engine (automatic transmission),your vehicle must be transported with the f ront wheels of f the ground.Trying to lif t or tow your vehicle by the bumpers will cause serious damage.The bumpers are not designed to support the vehicle’sweight.200。

自助办理业务的英语作文

自助办理业务的英语作文标题，Self-Service Transaction: Convenience and Efficiency。

In recent years, self-service transactions have become increasingly prevalent in various sectors, ranging from banking and transportation to retail and healthcare. This trend is driven by the desire for convenience, efficiency, and cost savings. In this essay, we will explore the benefits of self-service transactions, their impact on businesses and consumers, as well as potential challenges and solutions.Firstly, self-service transactions offer unparalleled convenience to consumers. Whether it's withdrawing cash from an ATM, purchasing tickets online, or checking in for a flight using a kiosk, self-service options empower individuals to complete transactions on their own schedule, without the need to wait in long lines or adhere to strict business hours. This convenience factor is particularlyappealing in today's fast-paced society, where time is a precious commodity.Moreover, self-service transactions contribute to increased efficiency for businesses. By automating routine tasks and minimizing the need for human intervention, companies can streamline their operations and allocate resources more effectively. For example, self-checkout counters in supermarkets reduce the need for cashier staff, allowing retailers to reallocate employees to other areas of the store where they can add more value, such as customer service or inventory management.Additionally, self-service transactions often result in cost savings for both businesses and consumers. For businesses, investing in self-service technologies can lead to lower labor costs and higher productivity. Meanwhile, consumers may benefit from lower prices or fees, as companies pass on their cost savings in the form of competitive pricing strategies. This win-win situation fosters a more efficient marketplace and enhances overall economic prosperity.Despite these benefits, self-service transactions also present challenges that need to be addressed. One concernis the potential for job displacement, as automation replaces human workers in certain roles. While self-service technologies create new opportunities in fields such as software development and technical support, they may eliminate traditional jobs that require repetitive tasks or minimal decision-making. To mitigate this challenge, policymakers and businesses must invest in retraining programs and support services to help displaced workers transition to new careers.Another challenge is ensuring accessibility for all individuals, including those with disabilities or limited technological literacy. While self-service kiosks and online platforms offer convenience for many, they can present barriers to those who are visually impaired, elderly, or unfamiliar with digital interfaces. To address this issue, companies should prioritize accessibility features in their self-service technologies, such as voice guidance, tactile buttons, and simplified user interfaces.Additionally, providing alternative channels for assistance, such as phone support or in-person help desks, can ensure that everyone can access the services they need.In conclusion, self-service transactions offer numerous benefits, including convenience, efficiency, and cost savings. However, they also pose challenges related to job displacement and accessibility. By addressing these challenges through proactive measures and innovative solutions, businesses and policymakers can harness the full potential of self-service technologies while ensuring inclusivity and social equity. Ultimately, self-service transactions have the power to revolutionize the way we interact with businesses and services, making transactions faster, easier, and more accessible for everyone.。

汽车专业用语中英文翻译对照

2009-12-16 11:50发动机 engine内燃机 intenal combusiton engine动力机装置 power unit汽油机 gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机 gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机 spark ignition engine压燃式发动机 compression ignition engine往复式内燃机 reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机 carburetor engine柴油机 diesel engine转子发动机 rotary engine旋轮线转子发动机 rotary trochoidal engine二冲程发动机 two-stroke engine四冲程发动机 four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机 direct injection engine间接喷射式柴油机 indirect injection engine增压式发动机 supercharged engine风冷式发动机 air-cooled engine油冷式发动机 oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机 water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机 naturally aspirated engine煤气机 gas engine液化石油气发动机 liquified petroleum gas engine柴油煤气机 diesel gas engine多种燃料发动机 multifuel engine石油发动机 hydrocarbon engine双燃料发动机 duel fuel engine热球式发动机 hot bulb engine多气缸发动机 multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机 opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机 opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机 cross head engine直列式发动机 in-line engine星型发动机 radial engine筒状活塞发动机 trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机 stirling engine套阀式发动机 knight engine气孔扫气式发动机 port-scavenged engine倾斜式发动机 slant engine前置式发动机 front-engine后置式发动机 rear-engine中置式发动机 central engine左侧发动机 left-hand engine右侧发动机 right-hand engine短冲程发动机 oversquare engine长冲程发动机 undersquare engine等径程发动机 square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机 overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机 dual overhead camshaft engine V形发动机 V-engine顶置气门发动机 valve in-head engine侧置气门发动机 side valve engine无气门发动机 valveless engine多气门发动机 multi-valve engine卧式发动机 horizontal engine斜置式发动机 inclined engine立式发动机 vertical engine二冲程循环 two-stroke cycle四冲程循环 four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环 diesel cycle奥托循环 otto cycle混合循环 mixed cycle定容循环 constant volume cycle工作循环 working cycle等压循环 constant pressure cycle理想循环 ideal cycle热力循环 thermodynamic cycle冲程 stroke活塞行程piston stroke长行程 long stroke上行程 up stroke下行程 down stroke进气行程intake stroke充气行程charging stroke压缩行程compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke动力行程 power stroke排气行程exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程 expansion-exchange stroke换气压缩行程 exchange-compression stroke止点dead center止点 dead center上止点 top dead center(upper dead center)下止点 lower dead center(bottom dead center)上止点前 budc(before upper dead center)上止点后 atdc(after top dead cetner)下止点前 bbdc(before bottom dead center)下止点后 abdc(after bottom dead center)缸径 cylinder bore缸径与行程 bore and stroke空气室energy chamber气缸余隙容积 cylinder clearance volume燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume气缸最大容积 maximum cylinder volume压缩室 compression chamber排气量displacement发动机排量 engine displacement活塞排量 piston swept volume气缸容量 cylinder capacity单室容量 single-chamber capacity容积法 volumetry压缩比compression ratio临界压缩比critical compression ratio膨胀比 expansion ratio面容比 surface to volume ratio行程缸径比 stroke-bore ratio混合比 mixture ratio压缩压力 compression pressure制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure(bmep) 空燃比 air fuel ratio燃空比 fuel air ratio燃料当量比 fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque单缸功率power per cylinder升功率power per liter升扭矩 torque per liter升质量 mass per liter减额功率 derating power输出马力shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时 horsepower-hour总马力 gross horse power总功率 gross power净功率 net power燃油消耗量 fuel consumption比燃料消耗率 specific fuel consumption空气消耗率 air consumption汽车英文术语A ／C Air Conditioning 空调A ／T Automatic Transaxle (Transmission) 自动变速器ACC Air Condition Clutch 空调离合器ACT Air Charge Temperature 进气温度AFC Air Flow control 空气流量控制AFS Air Flow Sensor 空气流量传感器AI Air Injection 二次空气喷射ACL AirCleaner 空气滤清器AIV Air Injection Valve 空气喷射阀ALCl Assembly Line Communication Link 总装线测试插座ALDl Assembly lne Diagnostic Link 总装线诊断插座ALT Alternator 交流发电机APS Absolute Pressure Sensor 绝对压力传感器ATS Air Temperature Sensor 空气温度传感器AP Accelerator Pedal 加速踏板ABS Anti-lock Brake System 防抱死刹车系统ATF Automatic Transmission Fluid 自动变速箱油液A ／F Air Fuel Ratio 空气燃料混合比AMP Ampere(S) 安培( 电流强度) APPROX Approximately 大约，近似ATDC After Top Dead Center 上止点后AUTO Automatic 自动ATT Attachment 附件ALR Automatic Lock Return 自动馈回缩器B+ Battery Positive Voltage 蓄电池正极BARO Barometric Pressure 大气压力BARO Sensor Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器BP Barometric Pressure Sensor 大气压力传感器BAT Battery 电瓶BTDC Before Top Dead Center 上死点前BDC Bottom Dead Center 下死点CMP Camshaft Position 凸轮轴位置CARB Carburetor 化油器CCC Converter Clutch Control 转换离合器控制CDI Capacitive Discharge Ignition 电容放电式点火CMFI Central Multiport Fuel lnjectoion 中央多点燃油喷射CES Clutch Engage Switch 离合器接合开关CFI Central Fuel lnjection 中央燃油喷射CFI Continous Fuel Injection 连续燃油喷射CID Cylinder Identification Sensor 汽缸传感器CIS Continous Fuel lnjection 连续燃油喷射CKP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CKP Sensor Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CL Closed Loop 闭环控制CP Crank shaft Position 曲轴位置CPP Clutch Pedal Position 离合器踏板位置CPS Camshaft Position Sensor 凸轮轴位置传感器CPS Crank shaft Position Sensor 曲轴位置传感器CTP Closed Throttle Position ，节气门关闭位置CTS Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 发动机水温传感器CYP Cylinder Position 汽缸位置CAT Catalytic Converter 触酶转换器CO Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳CYL Cylinder 汽缸CPC Clutch Pressure Control 离合器压力控制CARB Carburetor 汽化器，化油器CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器CHG Charge 充电D —Jetronic Multiport Fuel Injection D 型多点燃油喷射DLC Data Link Connector 数据传递插接器DFI Direct Fuel Injection 直接燃油喷射DI Direct lnjecton 直接喷射DI Distributor lgnition 分电器点火DID Direct lnjection —Diesel 柴油直接喷射DTM Diagnostic Test Mode 诊断测试模式DTC Diagnostic Trouble Code 诊断故障码DLI Distributorless Ignitioo 无分电器点火DS Detonation Sensor 爆震传感器DIFF Differential 差速器DOHC DoubleOverhe~IdCamshaft 顶置双凸轮轴DPI Dual Point lnjection 两点喷射DRL Daytime Running Light 白天行驶灯E2PROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory 可以擦写的只读存储器EATX Electronic Automatic Transmission ／Transaxle 电控自动变速器EC Engine Control 发动机控制ECA Electronic Control Assembly 电子控制总成ECM Engine Control Module 发动机控制模块ECT Engine Coolant Temperature 发动机冷却水温EDIS Electronic Distributorless lgnition System 电子无分电器点火系统EEC Electronic Engine Control 电子发动机控制EEPROM Electrially Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory 可电擦写的只读存储器EFI Electronic Fuel lnjection 电控燃油喷射EGOS Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor 氧传感器EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation 废气再循环EGRV ExhaustGasRecirculationvalve 废气再循环阀EGS Exhaust Gas Sensor 氧传感器EPROM Erasable PrOgrammable Read Only Menory 可擦写的只读存储器ESA Electronic Spark Advance 点火提前ESAC Electronic Spark Advance Control 点火提前控制EST Electronic Spark Timing 点火正时EVAP Evaporative Emission 蒸发排放污染EX Exhaust 排气ELD Electrical Load Detector 电子负载检测器EPS Electrical Power Steering 电子动力转向FC Fan Control 风扇控制FP Fuel Pump 燃油泵FWD Front Wheel Drive 前轮驱动FR Front Right 右前FSR Fail SafeRelay 失效安全继电器FIA Fuel lnjection Air 燃油喷射进气GEN Generator 交流发电机GND Ground 搭铁GALGallon 加仑H ／B Hatchback 掀背式H02S Heated Oxygen Sensor 加热型氧气传感器HC Hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物lA Intake Air 进气IAT Intake Air Temperature 进气温度IATS Intake Air Temperature Sensor 进气温度传感器lAC Idle Air Control 怠速控制IACV Idle Air control Valve 怠速空气控制阀ICM Ignition Control Module 点火控制模块ISC Idle Speed Control 怠速控制lAB Intake Air Bypass 进气歧管IAR Intake Air Resonator 进气共鸣器IMA IdleMixtureAdjustment 怠速混合比调整IMPS Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor 进气歧管压力传感器IN Intake 进气IG or IGN Ignition 点火燃烧ID Identification 辨证，识别ID or I ．D ．Inside Diameter 内径KAM Keep Alive Memory 磨损修正系数存储器K —Jetronic Continous Fuel lnjection 机械式连续喷射KE — Jetromc Continous Fuel lnjection 机电结合式连续喷射KS Knock Sensor 爆震传感器KOEO KEY —ONEngine —OFF 点火开关ON 发动机不启动KOER KEY —ONEngine —Running 点火开关ON 发动机运转L —Jetronic MultiportFuellnjeetion L 型多点燃油喷射LH —Jetronic MultiportFuel lnjection LH 型多点燃油喷射LHD Left Handle Drive 左侧驾驶L ／C Lock — up Clutch 锁定离合器LF Left Front 左前LSD Limited Slip Differential 防滑差速器LR Left Rear 左后L 一 4 In —Line Four Cylinder(engine) 直列式4 汽缸( 发动机) LED Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管M ／C Mixturure Control 混合气控制MAF Mass Air Flow 质量空气流量MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure 歧管绝对压力MAT Manifold AirTemperature 歧管空气温度MCS Mixture Control Solenoid 混合气控制电磁线圈MCU Microprocessor Control Unit 微处理器控制单元MFI Muhipoint Fuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射MFE MultipointFuel lnjection 多点燃油喷射Mil Malfunction lndicator Lamp 故障指示灯M ／S Manual Steering 手( 机械式) 转向MAF Mass Air Flow Sensor 空气流量计M ／T Manual Transmission 手动变速箱MCK Motor Check 马达检示MAX Maximum 极大值MIN Minimum 极小值MPI Multi Point lnjection 多点喷射NPS Neutral Position Switch 空挡开关N Neutral 空转位置( 空挡) NOX Nitrogen Oxides of 氮氧化合物02S Oxygen Sensor 含氧传感器P ／N Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置P ／S Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向压力开关PCM Power train Control Module 动力控制模块PCV Positive Crankcase Ventilation 曲轴箱强制通风PFI Port Fuel lnjection 进气门口燃油喷射PIP Position lndicator Pulse 曲轴位置传感器PNP Park ／Neutral Position 停车／空挡位置PROM Programmable Read Only Memory 可编程只读存储器PSP Power Steering Pressure 动力转向压力PSPS Power Steering Pressure Switch 动力转向油压开关p Park 停车PSAI Pulsed Secondary Air lnjection 脉动式二次空气喷射PGM —FI Programmed — fuel lnjection 程式控制燃料喷射PGM — IG Programmed lgnition 程式化点火PMR Pump Motor Relay 由泵马达继电器PSW Pressure Switch 压力开关PSF Power Steering Fluid 动力转向油Qty Quantity 数量RAM Random Access Memory 随机存储器RM Relay Module 继电器模块ROM Read Only Memory 只读存储器RR Rear Right 右后RHD Right Handle Drive 右侧驾驶REF Reference 参考RL Rear Left 左后SBEC Single Board Engine Control 单板发动机控制SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel lnjection 次序电控燃油喷射SFI Sequential Fuel lnjection 次序燃油喷射' SMEC Single Module Engine Control 单片发动机控制SPI Single Point lnjection 单点喷射SAE Society of Automotive Engineers 美国汽车工程师学会SOHC Single Overhead Camshaft 顶置单凸轮轴SOI Solenoid 线圈SPEC Specification 规格S ／R Sun Roof 遮阳板SRS Supplemental Restrgint System 安全气囊STD Standard 标准SW Switch 切换开关SCS Service Check Signal 维修检示信号SEC Second 秒、第二TB Throttle Body 节流阀体TBI Throttle Body Fuel lnjectlon 节流阀体燃油喷射TC Turbocharger 涡轮增压器TCM Transmission Control Module 变速器控制模块TP ThrottlePosition 节气门位置TPS Throttle Position Sensor 节气门位置传感器TPS Throttle Position Switch 节气门位置开关TPI Tuned Port lnjection 进气口喷射TWC Three Way Catalytic Converter 三元催化反应器T Torque 扭力TDC Top Dead Center 上死点TDCL Test Diagnostic Communication Link 自诊接头T ／N Tool Number 工具编号TCC Torque Convertor Clutch 变扭器离合器TRC Traction Control 牵引控制VAF Volume Air Flow 体积空气流量VAT Vane AirTemperature 进气温度VCC Viscous Converter Clutch 变扭离合器VSS Vehicle Speed Sensor 车速传感器VSV Vacuum Solenoid Valve 真空电磁阀VTEC Variable Valve Timing Valve Lift 可变式气门正时VC Viscous Coupling 粘性偶和VIN Vehicle ldentification Number 车身号码( 出厂号码) VVIS Variable Volume Intake System 可变进气系统全部词汇下载汽车术语中英文对照（引擎系统）1、引擎系统(Automotive Engine System)燃烧室(Combustion Chamber) 活塞到达上死点后其顶部与汽缸盖之间的空间，燃料即在此室燃烧。

Rostra Cruise Control Self-Diagnostic Procedures说明

Global Cruise TroubleshootingCondition: Cruise control inoperable.Solution: With a helper, perform cruise control Self-DiagnosticProcedure. Begin by removing the black rubber grommet on the topof the cruise control module (ﬁgure 1). It should lift up and swivel toreveal the diagnostic LED near the programming switches within themodule. Your helper will need to be watching the reaction of thisLED to the steps outlined in the guide below.ﬁgure 1Carefully follow the procedures below to enter your cruise control into Self-Diagnostic Mode.Step 1: Turn the cruise control switch OFF.Step 2: Turn the vehicles ignition switch to the OFF position.Step 3 (Closed Circuit Control Switch): Press and hold the cruise control switch’s RESUME/ACCEL button while turning the vehicle’s ignition switch to the ON position without starting the engine to illuminate the LED inside the cruise control module. Releasing the RESUME/ACCEL button should turn the LED OFF.Step 3 (Open Circuit Control Switch): Turn vehicle’s ignition switch to the ON position without starting the engine. Press and hold the cruise control switch’s RESUME/ACCEL button and then press and release the switch’s ON/OFF button. Continue pressing the RESUME/ACCEL button until the switch’s LED illuminates. Releasing the RESUME/ACCEL button should turn the LED OFF.Step 4: Verify the diagnostic LED inside the cruise control module (ﬁgure 1 above) is OFF. The cruise control unit is now in Self-Diagnostic Mode.Step 5: Press and release the SET/COAST button. The LED inside the cruise control module should illuminate each time the button is pressed, and go out when it is released. If so, continue to Step 6. If not, continue to Steps 5a-5d.a)Re-start your Self-Diagnostic testing at Step 1.b)Verify the position of Programming Switch #12 within the cruise control module (ﬁgure 1 above). It shouldbe set to ON for a Normally Closed Circuit Switch, and OFF for a Normally Open Circuit Switch. If the programming switch is set incorrectly, reposition it and re-enter Self-Diagnostic Mode.c)Check to make sure the Cruise Control Module is receiving power if no diagnostic commands arefunctioning.d)Follow Control Switch Testing Procedure on page 23 of installation manual Form #4565.Step 6: Press and release the RESUME/ACCEL button. The LED inside the cruise control module should illuminate each time the button is pressed, and go out when it is released. If so, continue to Step 7. If not, continue to Steps 6a-6c.a)Re-start your Self-Diagnostic testing at Step 1.b)Check to make sure the Cruise Control Module is receiving power if no diagnostic commands arefunctioning.c)Follow Control Switch Testing Procedure on page 23 of installation manual Form #4565.Step 7: Press and release the vehicle’s Brake Pedal. The LED inside the cruise control module should illuminate each time the brake pedal is pressed, and go out when it is released. If not, make sure that the Violet Wire at the cruise control module is resting at ground without the brake pedal depressed, and then shows +12-volts with the brake pedal pressed down.Step 8: Roll the vehicle at least 2 meters* forwards or backwards. If the LED ﬂashes and continues to ﬂash at the same rate, testing is complete. If not:a)Re-start your Self-Diagnostic testing at Step 1.b)Verify the position of Programming Switch #10 within the cruise control module. It should be set to ON forSquare Wave Signal Input, or set to OFF for Sine Wave Signal Input. If the programming switch is set incorrectly, reposition it and re-enter Self-Diagnostic Mode.* Some vehicles will need to be rolled forwards or backwards more than the recommended 2 meters. In such a case, raise one of the vehicle’s drive wheels (both drive wheels on a limited slip differential) and block the non drive wheels from moving. Use support stands for safety. Rotate the drive wheel(s) by hand as fast as possible. The LED inside the cruise control module should ﬂash and continue to ﬂash at the same rate. If not, re-check the connection to the Vehicle Speed Signal (VSS) if using a signal generator or acquiring from a vehicle’s computer.Global Cruise TroubleshootingCondition: The LED inside the cruise control module remains illuminated during Self-Diagnostic Procedure.Solution: If the The LED inside the cruise control module remains illuminated during Self-Diagnostic Procedure, one of three conditions could be present:a)Poor ground connection on the cruise control module’s Black Wire (main ground of unit).b)The Violet Wire connected to the cold side of the vehicle’s brake switch does not see a groundconnection through the vehicle’s brake light system.c)Programming Switch #12 within the cruise control module is set to ON or OFF incorrectly. Condition: The LED inside the cruise control module will not illuminate during Self-Diagnostic Procedure.Solution: If the LED inside the cruise control module will not illuminate during Self-Diagnostic Procedure, the installer should suspect a power-related problem. Verify that the Red Wire connected to the positive (hot) side of the brake switch shows +12-volts constantly. Also verify that the Brown Wire shows +12-volts when the vehicle’s ignition is set to the ON position. Also verify ground resistance is less than 5 Ohms.Condition: Aftermarket LED taillights have been installed on the vehicle and the cruise control unit no longer works, or the Violet Wire of the cruise control module is showing a high resistance to ground causing the diagnostic LED to remain illuminated.Solution: When using LED taillights on a vehicle, the Violet Wire of the cruise control will no longer read a ground signal through the vehicle’s braking electrical system. A ﬁve-function automotive relay will be required to provide the necessary ground signal to the Violet Wire of cruise control module when the brake pedal is depressed. Connect the relay to the selected terminals as listed below:85 to brake switch cold86 to ground87 not used87A to Violet Wire30 to groundPlease visit our website at to access all of our technical support offerings.。

Volvo I-Shift 自动变速箱操作手册说明书

I-Shift drive modes and software functionsThe I-Shift gearboxʼs functions are optimized with specially adapted drive modes, which make the gearbox even more practical and economical by adapting the gearshift functional-ity to the current transport conditionsThe driving mode is selected with a button on the gear se-lector. Fuel saving functions are adjusted according to the se-lected drive mode. I-See (optional) speed limits and strategy are adjusted according to the selected drive mode.Drive modes•Economy: Focus on lowering fuel consumption, some re-duction in power. Using I-See function.•Standard: Reasonable fuel consumption without compro-mising drivability. Using I-See function.•Performance: Full power, with less focus on fuel consump-tion.•Off-road: Agility is prioritised.•Heavy duty: Optimised for drivability and comfort at high loads (Heavy Equipment Transport).Sales variantsDrive modeDRM-E I-Shift drive mode economyDRM-BE I-Shift drive mode balanced economyAMT vocation optionAVO-BAS Basic I-Shift softwareAVO-ENH Enhanced I-Shift software including construc-tion and off-road applicationsAVO-HD Enhanced I-Shift software including heavy du-ty, construction and off-road applicationsTransmission performance modeTPM-AUTR Transmission performance mode auto return TPM-MAN Transmission performance mode manual UTPM Without drive mode performance in DRM-BEAMT manual shift optionsAMSO-BAS Basic I-Shift gear shiftingAMSO-AUT I-Shift manual gear shift available in automatic mode incl kickdown functionAMT PTO functionsAPF-BAS Basic I-Shift PTO functionsAPF-ENH Enhanced I-Shift PTO functions (Auto Neu-tral/ Reverse Inhibit / Split Box Connection)FEATURES AND BENEFITS•Optimized drivability.•Reduce fuel consumption.•Reduce CO2 footprint.•Simplify selection of drive modes.FACT SHEETI-Shift drive modesI-Shift drive modes icons in instrument cluster.I-Shift drive modes and software functions● Standard, ○ Option, — Not available1Note! Choice of UTPM gives no Performance drive mode.DRM-E+AVO-BAS is designed for long haul transport to secure a good fuel economy.DRM-BE+AVO-BAS is the versatile offer for the majority of the transport segments.DRM-BE+AVO-ENH is adapted for construction operations.DRM-BE+AVO-HD is specially tailored for heavier transport operations.FACT SHEETI-Shift drive modesI-Shift software functions● Standard, ○ Option, — Not available2Only AT2612, ATO2612, ATO3112 and ATO3512.3For Volvo FH16 or for a Volvo with driven front axle.FACT SHEETI-Shift drive modesI-Shift Drive Mode Economy (DRM-E)DRM-E is optimized for fleet usage were driver influence is limited. To access I-See functionality, PVT-MAP needs to be added.This drive mode restricts the possibility to alter among the drive modes. The DRM-E will be locked in Economy mode. I-Shift Drive Mode Balanced Economy (DRM-BE)This is the base which giving ideal selection for most all ap-plications. To optimize further toward a particular vocation, DRM-BE is selected with AVO-BAS, AVO-ENH or AVO-HD. For customer usages with frequent start and stop like garbage collection, a potential to save fuel is to remove the possibility to access performance driving mode. That variant exist for DRM-BE and is called UTPM.For DRM-BE with UTPM, the performance drive mode is removed and consequently also the option with TPM-AUTR. Other options in DRM-BE with UTPM are available like AVO-ENH/AMSO-AUT/APF-ENH.Basic Vocational Functions (AVO-BAS)Allows the driver to choose between the Economy, Standard and Performance driving modes.Enhanced Performance – Bad Roads (AVO-ENH)This optional package is specially adapted to the specific con-ditions of the construction and timber transport segments. The Off-road mode includes various functions that adapt gearshifts and gear selection to poor driving surfaces and hilly gradients. It also includes functions that facilitate starting from standstill in poor driving conditions.Off-road mode is designed to minimise the number of gearshifts required. This is useful during off-road driving. It prevents wheels from spinning out when torque is increased after a gearshift, and prevents missed gearshifts, for example if the road gradient changes sharply. High engine power (high revs) is often required when driving uphill.The driver can also influence the maximum number of down shifts. This is very useful when you shift to a lower gear on a very steep uphill gradient and only want to shift once to a gear strong enough to take you all the way up. Economy, Standard, Performance and Off-road driving modes are available. Summary of the functions in the package:•Engine revs are increased as necessary to provide extra torque when starting off from standstill.•Larger margins before upshifts ensure safer driving if the gradient changes.•Gear selection is adapted to minimise the number of gearshifts and run at slightly higher revs.•Functions that make it easier to keep the same gear when the accelerator pedal position and road gradient change.•The package enables multiple downshifts. This facilitates gearshifts when driving up steep slopes.•Includes a function that speeds up clutch release and makes it easier to rock the vehicle out of trouble if it gets stuck on a soft surface.•When moving the gear lever, the driver can choose the gear that provides the highest possible engine speed. Enhanced Performance – Heavy duty (AVO-HD)AVO-HD optimizes I-Shift for heavy duty transport with high gross combination weights (>85 tonnes). Regardless of the gross combination weight, the driver can always optimize dri-vability by selecting or deactivating the Heavy Duty mode, and activating the long haul mode. The functions in the software package also offer benefits for trucks hauling multiple trailers. AVO-HD also includes AVO-ENH functions (Off-road mode)but the functions in Off-road are only active when the Heavy Duty mode is inactive.Change DirectionEnables fast change of driving direction in for instance maneuvering situations by change direction functionality. Change direction is to select reverse gear at lower vehicle speed and use the accelerator pedal to brake the vehicle and start reversing without letting the foot of the accelerator pedal. Vice versa applies, i.e. reversing the vehicle and thenFACT SHEETI-Shift drive modespush the gear selector into A/M and use accelerator pedal to come into forward driving. Pressing the accelerator pedal more makes the event of changing driving direction to occur faster. Change Direction is activated up to 30 km/h.Note! Change Direction requires AVO-ENH or AVO-HD. Terrain BrakeTerrain brake gives improved off-road agility for Volvo FH16 or for a Volvo with driven front axle.With this function, the driver controlling the vehicle better. For instance, rolling off a stone in terrain, is made in a con-trolled manor by the driver activation.Terrain brake means that the brake is applied when the ac-celerator pedal is released and consequently holds the truck in the position inhibiting free rolling. Terrain brake can be en-gaged below 4 km/h, i.e. at low speeds. Applied terrain brake force is controlled by the retarder brake lever position on the steering column.Note! Terrain Brake requires AVO-ENH or AVO-HD. Transmission Performance Mode Auto Return (TPM-AUTR)Transmission performance mode AUTR. Auto return to drive mode Economy.Enable manual switch (TPM-MAN)Transmission performance mode MAN. Enable manual switch between Economy and Performance mode.Basic Gear Selection Adjustment (AMSO-BAS) Allows the driver to adjust gear selection with the gear lever buttons during engine braking in Automatic mode (gear selec-tor position A).Enhanced Gear Selection Adjustment,incl. Kickdown (AMSO-AUT)This function allows both the automatically selected starting gear and the driving gear in Automatic mode to be adjusted by activating the plus/minus button on the gear lever.The kickdown function selects a gear for maximum acceler-ation. When the kickdown switch on the accelerator pedal is engaged, the system changes the gearshift strategy to max-imise vehicle acceleration. When suitable (e.g. depending on engine speed), this leads to a downshift.Basic PTO Functions (APF-BAS)Facilitates power take-off operation. Pre-defined splitter gear positions determine which splitter gear is used when one or two gearbox power take-offs are engaged.Because gear selection is matched to the engine speed lim-it, it is possible to set parameters for the software. The gear selection is then adapted to any engine speed limits imposed by body-builder functions.Enhanced PTO Functions (APF-ENH)Several functions that aid power take-off operation. I-Shiftʼs power take-off functions make it possible to activate the prop-erties listed below by having the software parameters adjust-ed at an authorised workshop.•Auto Neutral: On command, the driveline is disconnected from the bodybuilder control unit, regardless of the gear leverʼs position, when Auto Neutral is activated.•Reverse Inhibit: When the bodybuilder control unit is-sues the Reverse Inhibit command, the reverse gears are blocked by the transmission system.•Connection of splitter box: Allows connection of a splitter box for operation of high-capacity power take-offs. Direct gear is activated when the bodybuilder module is put in splitter box mode. It is also possible to use all high range gears. Please look into the body builder instructions. Performance ShiftGives faster, gentler shifts through intelligent utilisation of the engineʼs compression brake (VEB brakes), the vehicleʼs clutch and a special gearbox brake.Automatic selection of correct starting gear (1st – 6th gear)is included. The choice of starting gear is determined by gross vehicle weight and road gradient.Gearbox Oil Temperature MonitorContinuously shows the gearbox oil temperature in the infor-mation display.Heavy Start EngagementFor start-up with high revs in Performance mode in 1st gear,resulting in higher starting torque. This function raises the revs to facilitate heavy starts. This is useful, for instance, if the truck is stuck in soft ground.I-RollAutomatic activation and deactivation of a freewheel function in order to cut fuel consumption, which can be reduced by up to several percent. I-Roll is used when neither engine power nor engine braking is needed, for instance on flat roads. When driving with cruise control, I-Roll runs at roughly 1–3 km/h be-low the pre-set speed, which saves fuel. The longer the vehi-FACT SHEETI-Shift drive modescle drives using I-Roll, the more fuel is saved.Smart Cruise ControlInteracts with the vehicleʼs Brake Cruise and ensures that the auxiliary brakes are not activated unnecessarily. The auxiliary brakes are deactivated on downhill stretches to save fuel. This allows increased use of the freewheel function, resulting in improved fuel efficiency.Downhill Cruise ControlDownhill Cruise Control sets a maximum speed to control the vehicle speed in a down-hill.Downhill Cruise Control primarily uses the auxiliary brakes such as the Volvo Engine Brake or the retarder to make sure that the selected speed is not exceeded. Only when required, the wheel brakes are applied.The driver can still use the brake pedal to further lower the speed without deactivating the system.Launch ControlOptimizes gear selection and EBS functions when manoeu-vring at low speeds. Manoeuvring is facilitated because the EBS brakes are automatically engaged when the truck changes direction. This also ensures that the Auto Hold func-tion is activated.It is possible to drive the vehicle forward with the idle regu-lator. This saves unnecessary downshifts and makes it easier to adjust the vehicleʼs speed, for instance when driving in traf-fic queues.Enhanced Shift Strategy4By interacting with EBS 5 and ECS 6, both starting and ma-noeuvring are made easier.This brake mode maximises VEB/VEB+/retarder braking effects by automatically selecting the appropriate gear so the engine runs at high revs. This function compensates for the engine brake when changing gears in brake mode.When changing gears during engine braking, the wheel brakes are activated to compensate for braking moment. This raises braking power and provides smoother gearshifts. Interaction with the braking systems increases safety by preventing the truck from accelerating during gearshifts on steep slopes when braking mode is activated.Heavy Duty GCW Control7Optimizes gear selection for high gross combination weights(according to heavy haulage document). This function improves drivability and fuel economy in the heavy duty trans-port segment. Heavy Duty GCW Control gives the driver ac-cess to the HD (Heavy Duty) driving mode.In HD mode, 1st gear is used as the starting gear and gear selection is adapted to heavier gross combination weights. The gearshifts generally occur at higher revs. HD is activat-ed and deactivated by pressing and holding the modes button on the gear selector for about 3 seconds. The chosen driving mode remains selected when the engine is turned off. Among other things, the DRM-BE-AVO-HD function se-lects the starting gear to suit the gross combination weight, thereby saving the clutch. The entire gear range is utilised, and the gears are changed consistently at high revs to maintain torque and driving comfort.When driving with low gross combination weights or with-out a load, it is easy to deactivate the HD driving mode and return to Economy mode. After this, the driver can switch be-tween available drive modes. This ensures comfortable and fuel efficient driving.Heavy ModeHeavy mode function for trucks with I-Shift - having rear axle RTH3815 - regardless of emission class is as follows:•For driving without load all drive modes can be used.•For driving with load all drive modes - except Economy -can be used. When driving downhill with load - the gear-box shifts down, corresponding to retarder lever position 3. The purpose of downshift is to raise the engine speed to provide more engine braking power to the truck.4 Full functionality requires EBS-MED.5 EBS = Disc Brakes with Electronically controlled Brake System (EBS-STD / EBS-MED)6 ECS = Electronically Controlled Suspension (SUSPL-EC).7 Available only with certain engine/gearbox combinations.Volvo Tech ToolI-Shiftʼs software packages can easily be installed and changed with the help of Volvoʼs analysis and programming tool, Volvo Tech Tool. This is done by authorised dealers and workshops,where the software packages can be further cus-tomised with optional functions and customer parameters. Customer parametersI-Shift also has many options for setting customer parame-ters that optimize the vehicleʼs driving properties in specialFACT SHEETI-Shift drive modesapplications and special transport segments. For instance,the starting gear can be optimized according to the transport conditions. Power take-off operation can also be customised.Customised settings and reprogramming of I-Shift are car-ried out at authorised workshops using the Volvo Tech Tool.FACT SHEETI-Shift drive modes。

最全的美国驾照路考常用英文

此文档下载后即可编辑最全的美国驾照路考常用英文（中英文对照）一．路考内容与细节：路考考试前考官会检查你的汽车是否一切正常，考官发指令你就照做。

（首先考官一定会检查看你的汽车保险，驾照PERMIT 和路考预约单）（考官也会查看车玻璃上的Inspection Sticker 和Regislation Sticker 不能过期）保持輕鬆，不要緊張。

監考官極為注意安全觀念，開車技術則為次要。

新手可不必太過擔心技術問題。

1．确保前座位的两个人都系上安全带后才可以启动车。

调整左右外侧后视镜，车内后视镜，教官让你按喇叭丶车头灯丶高灯丶左转弯灯丶右转弯灯丶刹车丶雨刷丶Emergency Flashers丶除雾丶手势（左转丶右转丶停车）。

测试“平行停车”，倒车控车，90 度倒转弯车，紧急刹车；2．上路考试，左转，右转丶过十字路口丶斜坡停车丶车速控制丶换路线、路边停车等等。

3．注意事项：看到stop sign停车路标时候一定要停稳，確实停止3-5 秒。

动作一定要明显，左看右看前后看，要考官看到你的明显动作。

要注意小细节，不妨把工作做的夸张些，各項動作須碓實操作，不可馬虎。

例如：上车是否系安全带，发动车时是否环顾了四周，看了后视镜，转弯是否打转弯灯，左右換線時頭必須轉向觀察。

见到行人是否远远就刹车。

Parking 時须記得要拉手煞4．通过考试，当天可以拿驾照，不用带照片，在DMV 拍照即时制作驾照，Learner Permit 同时被收回。

二．路考过程注意事项：1. 坐上车后，先系好安全带。

2. 考官会要求你把车钥匙转到ON ，但是不启动车，检查你的刹车丶转向灯丶雨刷丶除雾器丶大灯丶喇叭等。

如果你的车上有的部件不能正常工作的话，考官是不会让你路考的。

13. 路考前，把座位调大点空间，美国人比较胖，让考官坐得舒服了，考试时也会心情好些。

考官坐上车后，等他发指令你再启动车。

4.Stop sign一定要確实停3-5秒，full stop后数 4 下。

车上控制器中英文对照

ABS 防抱死刹车系统（Antilock Brake System）AP 加速踏板（Accelerator Pedal）AC 空调（Air Condition）ACC 自适应巡航控制（Adaptive Cruise Control）AEBS 高级紧急刹车系统（Advanced Emergency Braking System）ADAS 高级驾驶辅助系统（Advanced Driver Assistant System）ASR 驱动防滑系统（Acceleration Slip Regulation）BCM 车身控制器（Body Control Module）CAN 控制器局域网（CAN Controller Area）DCM 车门控制器（Door Control Module）EBS 电子控制刹车系统（Electric Braking System）ECAS 电子控制空气悬架（Electronic Controlled Air Suspension）EMS 发动机管理系统（Engine Management System）EPB 电子驻车系统（Electrical Parking Brake）ESCL 电子转向柱锁（Electrical Steering Colum Lock）ESP 电子稳定程序（Electronic Stability Program）FM 车队管理模块（Fleet Management）Handle 换挡手柄IC 组合仪表（Instrument Cluster）LDW 车道偏离预警（Lane Departure Warning）LIN 局域互联网络（Local Interconnect Network）Master 主节点MSW 多功能方向盘（Multifunction steering wheel）NOx 氮氧传感器PS 智能起动控制单元（Passive Start）Retarder 缓速器Slave 从节点Tester 诊断仪TCO 行驶记录仪（Tachograph）TCU 变速箱控制器（Transmission Control Unit）TPMS 胎压监测系统（Tire Pressure Monitoring System）UDS 统一诊断服务（Unified Diagnostic Services）VCU 整车控制器（Vehicle Control Unit）VIST 车载信息服务终端（Vehicle information service terminal）TSC 扭矩/速度控制（Torque/Speed Control）OBD 车载诊断系统(On-Board Diagnostic)DTC 诊断故障码（Diagnostic Trouble Code）FAS-Cam 前视摄像头（Forward View Camera）DSM 驾驶状态检测（Driver Status Monitoring）SAS 方向盘转角传感器（Steering wheel Angle Sensor）TCM 自动变速器控制模块（Transmission Control Module）ICM 点火控制模块（Ignition Control Module）EEC 发动机电子控制器（Electronic Engine Controller）。

2000年以后新款奔驰电子控制模块中英文对照

ME2-SFI 引擎控制模块
ABS，ASR，ETS，ESP 防抱死刹车，牵引力，车身稳定，动力转向控制模块ETC 变速箱控制模块
ESM 电子排挡控制模块
DTR 车距控制模块
AIR MATIC。

ABC 空气悬挂控制模块
TPS 胎压控制模块
SRS 气囊控制模块
EIS 电子点火开关控制模块
OCP 车顶控制模块
UCP 上控制台控制模块
SAM-FL 左前保险丝，继电器，车身控制模块
SAM-FR 右前保险丝，继电器车身控制模块
R-SAM 后保险丝，车身控制模块
AHE 拖车监控模块
KG 无钥匙进入控制模块
SVMCM 特殊车辆控制模块
PSE 中控真空泵控制模块
HRA 头灯调整控制模块
DCM-FL 左前门控制模块
DCM-FR 右前门控制模块
DCM-RL 右后门车身控制模块
DCM-RR 右后门控制模块
ESA-R 右前电动座椅
ESA 电动座椅
OSB-FL 左前座椅充气椅背控制模块
OSB-FR 右前座椅充气椅背控制模块
OSB-R 后座椅充气椅背控制模块
ICM 仪表控制模组
SCM 方向盘控制模组
D2B 光纤控制模组
CDC CD换片机控制模组
VCS 语言控制模组
CTEL1 行动电话控制模组1
CTEL2 行动电话控制模组2
SOUND 音响控制模组
PTS 倒车雷达控制模组
TELE AID 紧急求救控制模组
TV 电视调频控制模组
DN 卫星定位控制模组
AAC 冷气空调控制模组
REAR-AC 后冷气控制模组
STH 暖气加热控制模组。

自动控制在生活中的应用英语作文

自动控制在生活中的应用英语作文With the rapid development of technology, automatic control has become an integral part of our daily lives. From household appliances to transportation systems, automatic control plays a crucial role in ensuring efficiency, safety, and convenience. In this essay, we will explore the various applications of automatic control in our daily lives.One of the most common examples of automatic control in our daily lives is in our homes. Household appliances such as washing machines, dishwashers, refrigerators, and air conditioners are all equipped with automatic control systems. These systems allow the appliances to operate efficiently and effectively without constant human intervention. For example, a washing machine automatically adjusts the water level and cycle duration based on the selected settings, while a dishwasher determines the optimal water temperature and detergent amount for each load. These automatic control systems not only save time and effort but also improve the overall performance of the appliances.In addition to household appliances, automatic control is also widely used in the transportation industry. From self-driving cars to automatic subway systems, automatic control technologyhas revolutionized the way we travel. Self-driving cars use sensors and algorithms to navigate roads, detect obstacles, and make driving decisions without human input. This not only reduces the risk of accidents but also improves traffic flow and fuel efficiency. Automatic subway systems rely on computer programs to control train movement, door opening and closing, and emergency responses. This ensures smooth and safe operation of the system, even during peak hours.Furthermore, automatic control is essential in industrial processes and manufacturing. Automated production lines use sensors, actuators, and control algorithms to optimize manufacturing processes and improve product quality. For example, a robotic arm can precisely assemble components in a car factory, while a programmable logic controller (PLC) can control the flow of materials in a packaging plant. These automatic systems increase productivity, reduce human error, and enhance workplace safety.Moreover, automatic control is increasingly being integrated into smart home systems and wearable devices. Smart home systems, such as Amazon Alexa and Google Home, use voice recognition technology and artificial intelligence to control lighting, heating, security cameras, and other home devices.Wearable devices, such as fitness trackers and smartwatches, use sensors and algorithms to monitor heart rate, track physical activity, and send notifications. These automatic control systems enhance comfort, convenience, and personal health monitoring.In conclusion, automatic control has become an indispensable part of our daily lives, transforming the way we live, work, and travel. From household appliances to transportation systems to industrial processes, automatic control technology has brought efficiency, safety, and convenience to various aspects of our lives. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative applications of automatic control in the future.。

汽车专业英语知到章节答案智慧树2023年武汉科技大学

汽车专业英语知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新武汉科技大学第一章测试1.The heart of automobile is ( )参考答案:engine2.( ) holds all the main components and parts together.参考答案:chassis3.( ) is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck builtinto it.参考答案:body4.Automobile have many kind of structure and shape, but their basic structureis different each other.（）参考答案:错5.Any automobile is composed of the section such as engine, chassis, body,electric system. （）参考答案:对第二章测试1.The ( ) stores liquid fuel and delivers it to the engines.参考答案:fuel system2.The ( ) circuits coolant through the engine and the walls of the engine blockand head参考答案:water pump3.As the crankshaft nears the its second complete revolution, the piston againapproaches the ( )position.参考答案:TDC4.After circulating through the engine, the oil drops back to the oil pan.（）参考答案:对5.The exhaust system can not reduce the noise of the burned gases leaving theengine cylinders. （）参考答案:错第三章测试1.The ( ) in the cylinder is connected to the top of a connecting rod.参考答案:piston2. A crankshaft’s job in an engine is to ( )参考答案:change linear motion into rotational motion3.The crank connecting rod mechanism consists of three parts—( ).参考答案:crankshaft and flywheel group;engine block group;piston and connecting rod group4.Crank-connecting rod mechanism is the main working mechanism ofreciprocating internal combustion engine.（）参考答案:对5.The top of the cylinder block is covered with the cylinder head. （）参考答案:对第四章测试1.An average air/fuel ratio for good combustion is about ( ) by weight.参考答案:15:12. A valve consists of a( )and ( )stem. （）参考答案:stem;head3.The ( )provides the force necessary to close the valve and hold it tightlyagainst its seat.参考答案:valve spring4.The inlet valve is opened before TDC and closed after BDC.（）参考答案:对5.Camshaft's function is to deliver spark positively and timely in a definitesequence. （）参考答案:错第五章测试1.The ( ) that the injector is open, the more fuel is injected.参考答案:longer2.Most vehicles today use ( ) injector per cylinder.参考答案:13.The （）on the fuel tank is used to keep the fuel from splashing out, releasethe vacuum created by the fuel removing, and prevent vapors from escaping directly into the atmosphere.参考答案:fuel cap4.For a diesel fuel goes to the carburetor, then to the fuel nozzles.（）参考答案:错5.The fuel system supplies gasoline or diesel fuel to the oil pan. （）参考答案:错第六章测试1.What is the cooling agent in the liquid cooling system? ( )参考答案:coolant2.The water pump uses ( ) to send fluid to the outside while it spins, causingfluid to be drawn from the center continuously.参考答案:centrifugal force3.The cooling system of a water-cooled engine consists of the engine’s waterjacket, a（）and radiator cap, a cooling fan (electric or belt-driven), hoses, and usually an expansion (overflow) tank.参考答案:water pump;radiator;thermostat4.The cooling system is designed to work all the time when the engine isrunning.（）参考答案:错5.Some engines are coated the inside of the top of the cylinder head with a thinlayer of ceramic to reduce the amount of heat that is transferred from thecombustion chamber to the metal parts of the engine. （）参考答案:对第七章测试1. 1.For an engine to make the best use of the fuel, the spark should occurbefore the piston reaches the top of（）。

潍柴汽车产品说明书

CONTINUED
I
INDEX
v w
Main Menu
Index
Changing Oil How to......................................... 147 When to...................................Байду номын сангаас... 135
Charging System Indicator .... 46, 186 Checklist, Before Driving............. 123 Child Safety ...................................... 29
Booster Seats ............................... 38 Child Seats.................................... 34 Important Safety Reminders ...... 32 Larger Children ........................... 37 Risk with Airbags ........................ 30 Small Children.............................. 33 Child Seats........................................ 34 Cleaning Seat Belts........................ 160 Clock.................................................. 54 Clutch Fluid.................................... 154 CO in the Exhaust ......................... 207 Cold Weather, Starting in ............. 124 Compact Spare Tire....................... 174 Consumer Informationˎ................ 212 Controls, Instruments and.............. 43 Convertible Top ............................... 70 Convertible Top Cover................ 72 Lowering the Convertible Top... 70 Maintenance................................. 74 Raising the Convertible Top ...... 73

智能入门系统未装置的自动门锁设置自定义说明书

VEHICLE CONTROLSn Customizing Door Lock/Unlock SettingsCustomize the auto door-lock settings to your preference. Begin with the vehicle in Park (CVT models) or with the parking brake set (manual transmission models).OffDrive Lock Mode1*1:Default setting*2:Models without smart entry system*3:Models with smart entry systemApply the parking brake.2Move the shift lever to P.Open the driver’s door.3The driver’s door must be closed at this stage.4—5Move the shift lever out of P with the brake pedal depressed.Turn the ignition switch to ON .Push the ENGINE START/STOP button twice without depressing the brake pedal.6—Move the shift lever to P.Press and hold the front of the master door lock switch on the driver’s door. You will hear a click more than ve seconds elapsed.Release the switch.7Turn the ignition switch to OFFwithin 20 seconds.Push the ENGINE START/STOPbutton once without depressing the brake pedal.Customization is completed.All doors unlock and all turn signals blink three times.Off1Park Unlock ModeDriver Door Open Unlock ModeApply the parking brake.2Move the shift lever to P.3Open the driver’s door.The driver’s door must be closed at this stage.—4Move the shift lever out of P with thebrake pedal depressed.5Turn the ignition switch to ON .Push the ENGINE START/STOP button twice without depressing the brake pedal.6—Move the shift lever to P.Press and hold the rear of the master door lock switch on the driver’s door. You will hear a click more than ve seconds elapsed.Release the switch.7Customization is completed.All doors lock and all turn signals blink three times.Turn the ignition switch to OFF within 20 seconds.Push the ENGINE START/STOP button once without depressing the brake pedal.*1:Default setting*2:Models without smart entry system*3:Models with smart entry systemCustomizing lock settings (models with color audio)Customizing unlock settings (models with color audio)VEHICLE CONTROLSWalk Away Auto Lock*When you walk away from the vehicle while carrying the remote transmitter, the doors can automatically lock if the following conditions are met:•The remote transmitter is within a range of 5 feet (1.5 m). •All doors and the tailgate are closed.•There is not an additional remote transmitter inside the vehicle.Follow these steps (see diagram):1.Exit the vehicle, close the door and stay near it. Listen for a beep. The system is activated.2.Walk at least 5 feet (1.5 m) away.3.Listen for a beep and look for the lights to flash. The doors lock.To turn on this feature, follow the steps below. The vehicle must be in Park (P).:1.From the HOME screen, select Vehicle Settings.2.Select Door Setup.3.Select Walk Away Auto Lock.4.Select On.5.Select BACK to exit the menus.*if equippedu Models with Display AudioVEHICLE CONTROLSDoor OperationUse several methods to lock or unlock the doors. Using the Lock TabTo unlock: Pull the lock tab rearward. When you unlock the door using the lock tab on the driver’s door, only the driver’s door unlocks.To lock: Push the lock tab forward. When you lock the door using the lock tab on the driver’s door, all other doors and the tailgate lock. Using the Front Door Inner HandleWhen you pull either front door inner handle, the door unlocks and opens.Unlocking and opening the driver’s door from the inner handle unlocks all the other doors.Using the Master Door Lock SwitchTo unlock: Press the unlock side of the switch to unlock all doors and the tailgate.To lock: Press the lock side of the switch to lock all doors and the tailgate.You can use the master door lock switch to customize the door lock and unlock settings. See the Owner’s Manual at for instructions.Childproof Door LocksThe childproof door locks prevent the rear doors from being opened from the inside, regardless of the position of the lock tab.Slide the lever in the rear door to the lock position and close the door.Open the door using the outer door handle.To lock To unlockMaster doorlock switchVEHICLE CONTROLS Tailgate OperationUse these methods to operate the tailgate.Opening the TailgateModels without smart entry systemPull up the tailgate outer handle and lift up thetailgate to open it.Models with smart entry systemPress the tailgate release button and lift up thetailgate to open it.Closing the TailgateGrab the inner handle and pull the tailgate down. Push it closed from the outside.Tailgate release button Tailgate outer handle Inner handle。

阿尔法拉瓦尔燃料条件调节模块氢化氢燃料低燃点燃料供应系统说明书

hazardous fuel.Benefits•Proven technology and efficiency, in use on methanolcarriers since 2015•Designed to maximize uptime and energy efficiency, while minimizing maintenance costs•Simplifies safety routines and security by automatingcontrol of the fuel conditioning process•Supported by an Alfa Laval service network trained towork with methanol•Spare parts readily available from Alfa Laval distributioncentresOperation and controlThe FCM Methanol is designed for fully automatic operation. Its automation handles all necessary fuel routines, ensuring that the methanol is conditioned and ready for a start signal from the engine control system (ECS). Upon a stop signal from the ECS, the system safely returns to stand-by. Operators can issue commands, adjust settings or view status and logs from the touchscreen of the FCM Methanol control cabinet. Using a Modbus serial link, the FCM Methanol can also be connected to the vessel’s automation system, which enables control and monitoring from remote locations. If needed, advanced troubleshooting can be performed in manual mode from any control location. Operators can check the status and test the operation of all valves, pumps and other key components. This means that any function or setting can be fine-tuned without entering the hazardous zone.Since the FCM Methanol control software is modular and developed by Alfa Laval, the functions and automation can easily be tailored to meet specific customer requirements. DesignThe FCM Methanol is a dual-stage, pressurized system that supplies methanol safely and automatically. Each stage is protected by a pressure relief valve and is equipped with transmitters and indicators for pressure and temperature. The low-pressure stage is designed to prevent the cavitation of the high-pressure pump. The high-pressure stage is designed to maintain the specified fuel parameters.The FCM Methanol can be arranged to simultaneously feed multiple fuel lines with different process parameters, thereby meeting the needs of multiple engines and boilers.To prevent leakage, the methanol pumps are equipped with magnetic couplings as standard. The heat exchangers that control the fuel’s temperature are fed by a built-in glycol water circuit, which safely segregates the methanol from the vessel’s heating and cooling media. The 10-micron, double block-and-bleed duplex filter allows maintenance to be performed safely on one filter chamber while the other remains in operation.The FCM Methanol complies with IGC Code, IGF Code and DNV Pt.6, Ch.2, Sec.6, and it comes complete with a nitrogen-based gas inerting system. When maintenance is required, an automatic purging sequence flushes the system,with drain valves and pumps returning the methanol to the service tank. Double block-and-bleed insulation prevents any accidental fuel exposure.The FCM Methanol control cabinet contains the PLC, the starters for the pump motors and an HMI in the form of a 15”touchscreen. The cabinet is installed in a safe zone, which allows the system to be controlled without risk of fuel contact.Dimensional drawingDimensional drawing for an FCM Methanol system serving a two-stroke main engine (no four-stroke engine or boiler)Technical data ** Data shown for an FCM Methanol system serving only a two-stroke main engine (other configurations will differ)This document and its contents are subject to copyrights and other intellectual property rights owned by Alfa Laval AB (publ) or any of its affiliates (jointly “Alfa Laval”). No part of this document may be copied, re-produced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or for any purpose, without Alfa Laval’s prior express written permission. Information and services provided in this document are made as a benefit and service to the user, and no representations or warranties are made about the accuracy or suitability of this information and these services for any purpose.All rights are reserved.200009848-1-EN-GB© Alfa LavalHow to contact Alfa LavalUp-to-date Alfa Laval contact details for all countries are always available on our website at 。

数控技术应用专业英语LS1-1

数控技术应用专业英语 ponents of the CNC Lathe
High spindle speed with wide variable speed ranges， low noise. 主轴转速高，调速范围宽，整机噪音低。 Flexible control panel enables convenient tool setting. 柔性控制面板便于操作者对刀。 Vertical 4 -position turret， horizontal 6 -position turret and quick change tool post etc. are available for your selection. 刀架有立式四工位、卧式六工位、快换刀架等多种形式供选择。 FANUC， SIEMENS， FAGOR etc. control systems can be appointed.
数控技术应用专业英语 3. The Hydraulic Control of Chuck / Tailstock
Tailstock尾座： Running smoothly and speed adjustable are the features of the hydraulic tailstock which usually has forward, backward and stop functions. 液压尾座通常运行平稳，速度可调,具有前进、后退、停止功能。 In order to ensure safety, the action of tailstock quill is interlocked with the spindle. When the spindle is rotating, pressing the exit button of tailstock quill, the sleeve does not operate, only when the spindle is stopped, the tailstock quill can be quit. 为保证安全，尾座套筒的动作与主轴互锁，即在主轴转动时，按动尾座套筒退出按钮，套筒不动作，只有在主轴停止状态下，尾座套筒才能退出。

科雷傲中英文对照

雷诺*科雷傲英汉信息对照表，打印一份放车上。

（红字是补充的）雷诺*科雷傲英汉信息对照表，打印一份放车上。

（红字是补充的）警示信息中英对照表(英文字母排序)英文显示中文含义4WD unavailable四轮驱动无法利用air bag安全气囊apply parking brake拉起驻车制动automatic door locking activated自动门锁已启用automatic door locking deactivated自动门锁已停用Autonomie剩余燃油估计可行驶里程Battery recharging fault表示车辆蓄电池充电电路有故障Braking system fault表示制动系统中出现故障Carburant燃油消耗量card absent - long press智能卡缺失--长按Card battery low表示智能卡电池电量太低card not detected未探测到只能卡Check 4WD表示车辆四轮驱动传动系统中有故障Check ABS检查ABScheck air bag表示安全气囊系统中有故障Check antipollution检查避免污染Check emission control表示车辆微粒滤清器系统中有故障Check ESP检查ESPcheck gearbox检查变速箱Check parking brake表示驻车制动中有故障check parking distance control检查驻车距离控制Check steering表示助力转向系统有故障Check tyre pressure检查轮胎气压Check tyre sensor检查轮胎传感器Check vehicle表示踏板传感器、蓄电池管理系统或机油油位传感器中有一个存在故障Clean diesel filter表示柴油滤清器中含水，请尽快联系维修商cruise control巡航控制depress brake + start踩下制动+起动depress clutch + start踩下聚散+起动Disengage clutch + start要启动发动机，先踩下聚散器踏板，然后按下发动机“启动/停止”按钮Distance行驶里程door open车门未关Engine overheating表示发动机过热ESP deactivated ESP已停用gearbox overheating变速箱过热HDC activated HDC 已启用HDCdeactivated HDC 已停用HDCoperational HDC 运行Immobilise the vehicle表示电子驻车制动有故障。

ElectronicEngineControl（EEC）！

ElectronicEngineControl（EEC）！愿你经历再多，都不忘初心；愿你难过再多，都不忘微笑；愿你能披荆斩棘，做到自己想要做到的事Each engine has a full authority digital EEC. Each EEC has two independent control channels, with automatic channel transfer if the operating channel fails. With each engine start or start attempt, the EEC alternates between control channels. The EEC uses thrust lever inputs to automatically control forward and reverse thrust. N1 is used by the EEC to set thrust in two control modes: normal and alternate. Manual selection of the control mode can be made with the EEC switches on engine panel.每一个发动机都有一个全数字化的电子发动机控制系统，每个EEC有两个独立的控制通道，这些通道之间在有故障时可以自动转换，在每一个发动机起动或者尝试起动时，EEC在控制通道之间互为备用。

EEC使用推力杆输入自动控制正向和反向推力。

E1使用N1在两种控制模式下设置推力：正常和备用方式，可以通过发动机面板上的EEC 开关手动选择控制模式。

一、EEC Normal ModeIn the normal mode, the EEC uses sensed flight conditions and bleed air demand to calculate N1 thrust ratings. The EEC compares commanded N1 to actual N1 and adjusts fuel flow to achieve the commanded N1.The full rated takeoff thrust for the installed engine is available at a thrust lever position less than the forward stop. Fixed or assumed temperature derated takeoff thrust ratings are set at thrust lever positions less than full rated takeoff. The maximum rated thrust is available at the forward stop. The EEC limits the maximum thrust according to the airplane model asfollows:· 737-700 – CFM56-7B24 rating· 737-800 – CFM56-7B27 ratingEEC 正常方式在正常方式下，EEC 用感应到的飞行状态和引气需求计算出N1 推力额定值。

Lascare Electronics EL-Mote帮助指南说明书

Forced Connection and TransmissionIt’s possible to get the EL-Mote to reconnect to a network and upload any unsent readingsto the EasyLog Cloud. To do this hold down the button on the front of the EL-Mote and itwill beep once. Keep the button pressed until the EL-Mote beeps again then release thebutton. This will force a connection and transmission.Signal StrengthThe EL-Mote reports its current signal strength to the EasyLog cloud every time itcommunicates. It is possible to get real time signal strength from the EL-Mote to aidinstallation issues. To do this hold down the button on the front the EL-Mote and it willbeep once. Keep the button pressed until the EL-Mote beeps two more times, then release the button. The EL-Mote will start beeping in relation to the signal strength. Fast beeping is a good signal, slow beeping is a poor signal. In addition the LED on the button will flash green indicating a good signal, orange indicating a medium signal and red for a poor signal. Press the button once more to end signal test. Signal strength will only work if the EL-Mote has been set up to talk to the EasyLog cloud. Signal strength test will automatically end after 1 minute.Factory ResetTo perform a factory reset on the EL-Mote, remove the battery cover to reveal the ‘RESET’ button. Using a paper clip or similar object press the black ‘RESET’ button. The EL-Mote will beep once when pressed. Keep the reset button held down for 10 seconds until the EL-Mote beeps again.LED & Buzzer Patterns During Normal OperationLED & Buzzer Patterns During SetupDownloading Unsent ReadingsIf for any reason the EL-Mote is unable to send log readings to the EasyLog cloud then it is possible to download any readings that have not been sent. To do this press the ‘SETUP’ button in the battery compartment. Using a PC change the connected WiFi to one starting with MOTE-xxxxxx (Where xxxxxx is the last 6 digits of the MAC address). In the example below the MAC address of the EL-Mote is 98:8B:AD:28:01:C4Using the browser go to the following web pagehttp://config.elmote.local/advanced.htmThen click on the following.If there are any unsent readings a CSV file will be downloaded containing the readings. Note: the time and date stamp of any readings are in UTC/GMT. Any time zone or daylight savings offset will need to be applied separately.Download Error LogTo help support staff in diagnosing problems it maybe required to download the Error Log from the EL-Mote. To do this connect the EL-Mote to a PC via WiFi as described in “Download Unsent Readings”. Using the browser go to the following web page http://config.elmote.local/advanced.htmlThen click on the followingThis will download a CSV to your PC.Network ConnectionsThe EL-Mote needs unrestricted access to the internet to allow it to communicate with the EasyLog Cloud. The EL-Mote requires access to which currently resides at address 134.213.3.2. It uses TCP ports 443 and 14354 only. The EL-Mote will use a DNS server to resolve the EasylogCloud URL.NFCThe EL-Mote has an NFC interface to allow for quick display of current status. This feature is only available on Android devices. The NFC antenna is located at the bottom right corner of the EL-Mote. The App will verify that the EL-Mote is joined to the signed in EasyLog Cloud account before showing any information. This is a security feature to prevent anybody with an App reading any EL-Mote. When the EL-Mote detects the NFC from the device it will beep once.。