高中英语语法定语从句总结
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ、概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。
(3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。
关系词得作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用得关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。
常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、whe re(地点状语)可以修饰人得关系代词:that, who,whom,whose可以修饰事得关系代词:that, which, as,whose,The student who answered the question was John、Iknow thereasonwhy he wasso angry、The boy (whom) you are talkingto is mybrother、I'd like a roomwhose window facesthe sea、定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适得关系词。
Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法:●that:可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。
(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1、A letterthat/which is written in pencil is difficult to read、(主语)2、Do you know the gentleman that/whospoke just now?3、You can takeanything ( that)you like、(宾语)4、Whatis thequestion(that/which) they aretalking about?5、Hereis theman (who/whom/that) you want tosee、6、She's no longerthe girl( that) sheused to be before、(表语)7、Ourhometown isno longer theone (that)it usedto be、(=Our hometown isnot the same as it used tobe、= Our hometown is differentfrom what itusedtobe。
定语从句高一知识点总结
定语从句高一知识点总结定语从句是高中英语中一个重要的语法知识点。
它能够为主句提供修饰成分,使得句子更加准确、丰富。
下面是对定语从句的高中英语知识点总结:一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子,用来修饰一个名词或代词。
它提供了更多的描述和信息,以使主句更加明确。
定语从句可以用来修饰人或物,而且在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语。
二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that2.关系副词:when, where, why三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
四、关系代词的用法和例句1.用who或that代替修饰人的名词,作为定语从句的主语。
例句:The boy who is reading in the library is my brother.2.用whom或that代替修饰人的名词,作为定语从句的宾语。
例句:The girl whom you met yesterday is my best friend.3.用which或that代替修饰物的名词,作为定语从句的主语或宾语。
例句:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.4.用whose表示所修饰名词的所有关系。
例句:The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.五、关系副词的用法和例句1.用when表示时间,修饰修饰时间的名词,作为定语从句的状语。
例句:Yesterday was the day when we won the championship.2.用where表示地点,修饰修饰地点的名词,作为定语从句的状语。
例句:Do you remember the place where we had our first date?3.用why表示原因,修饰修饰原因的名词,作为定语从句的状语。
高中英语语法定语从句总结
定语从句总结先行词为人时:关系代词从句中缺主语时,who;that;不能省略从句缺宾语,who; that ;whom,可省略;(介词后只能跟whom)从句缺定语指代’s ,whose先行词为物时:关系代词从句缺主语时,which;that;不能省略从句缺宾语时,which;that;可省略;(介词后只能跟which)从句缺定语指代’s,whose先行词为时间:从句缺时间状语时,关系副词when(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时,which;that先行词为地点:从句缺地点状语时,关系副词where(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时,which;that先行词为reason:从句缺缘由状语时,why / for which从句缺主语宾语时,which;that非限制性定语从句(带,的定语从句)1.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.2.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.(which 指代前面这个事)3. He keeps a diary, which everybody knows.(which 指代know的宾语)(1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,which不行。
(2)as常带有“正如”的意思As we know , smoking is harmful to one's health. As is know n, smoking is harmful to one's health. It is known that smoking is harmful. (主语从句) (3)the same… as;such…as 中的as 是固定结构,I have got into the same trouble as he (has).特殊说明:1常考名词的定语从句:case,point,stage,situation;定语从句中主语宾语齐全用where;定语从句中缺主语宾语用which或that2 way做先行词,定语从句中的关系词用that; in which;不填3 用逗号隔开,起补充说明作用的非限制限制性定语从句,无论先行词是什么,都不用that4 众所周知:As is known(to all),…It is known (to all)that5 正如As was reported, (It was reported that)As was announced,As was expected,As we planned,As can be seen,只能用that, 不能用which引导定语从句的状况a)不定代词,如:anything,nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时Finally, the thief handed everythingthat he had stolen to the police.b) the only, the very, the just修饰先行词时He is the very man that helped thegirl out of the water.c)先行词为序数词(the first, the last)数词、形容词最高级时The first English book that heHad read was "Gone with the wind"d)先行词既有人,又有物时He talked about the teachers andschools that he visited.e)关系代词在从句中做表语He is not the man that he used to be.。
高中英语语法定语从句总结
选校网高考频道专业大全历年分数线上万张大学图片大学视频院校库高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句用来说明主句中某一名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分)而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一.词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which that主语Whom which that宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)例1:This is the detective who came from London.例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.例3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.2.关系代词的用法(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。
例如:All the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which, who,或whom。
例如:(3) 非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。
例如:There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.(4) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。
英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结
英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
在高中英语学习中,掌握定语从句的使用方法和规则对于提高语言表达能力和理解能力非常关键。
本文将对高中英语定语从句的知识点进行归纳总结。
一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子,它修饰一个名词或代词,用来给出更多的信息,进一步描述或限定该名词或代词的特定内容。
定语从句可以用来修饰人、事、物、地点等。
它在句子中的作用是为主句提供更多的信息,使句子更具体、更有表达力。
二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:定语从句中常用的关系代词有:- 人:who,whom,whose- 物:which,that,whose- 人或物:as,where,when2.关系副词:定语从句中常用的关系副词有:- 地点:where- 时间:when- 原因:why三、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/副词 + 主句。
其中,关系代词或副词在定语从句中担任主语、宾语、表语或定语的作用。
四、定语从句的几个常见类型1.限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行进一步的限定,它的信息是先行词不可或缺的一部分。
限制性定语从句与主句之间没有逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词that,也可使用which或who。
例子:The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2.非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行附加说明,它的信息只是对先行词的附加补充,可以省略而不影响句子的整体意思。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词which,也可使用who。
例子:The weather, which was sunny and warm, made our picnic very enjoyable.天气晴朗温暖,使得我们的野餐非常愉快。
高中定语从句知识点
高中定语从句知识点在英语学习中,定语从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点。
掌握了定语从句的使用方法和注意事项,可以帮助我们更准确地表达和理解句子的含义。
下面将介绍一些高中常见的定语从句知识点。
一、定语从句的基本概念定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它像一个形容词,对先行词进行修饰和说明。
定语从句一般由关系代词(如that, which, who, whom, whose等)或关系副词(如where, when, why等)引导。
二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词a. that:常用于修饰人和物,在从句中作主语或宾语时均可使用。
例句:The book that you borrowed from the library is very interesting.b. which:常用于修饰事物,在从句中作主语或宾语时均可使用。
例句:I bought a new car, which is very expensive.c. who/whom:常用于修饰人,在从句中作主语或宾语时使用。
例句:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.2.关系副词a. where:表示地点。
例句:This is the school where I used to study.b. when:表示时间。
例句:The day when I met you was the happiest day of my life.c. why:表示原因。
例句:I don't know the reason why he left without saying goodbye.三、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在先行词之前或之后。
1. 先行词在定语从句之前时,用逗号将其与定语从句隔开。
例句:Jane, who is my best friend, is coming to visit me tomorrow.2. 先行词在定语从句之后时,不使用逗号。
高中英语定语从句总结
高中英语定语从句总结高中英语定语从句总结定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来对被修饰词进行进一步的说明或限定。
在高中英语中,定语从句是一个非常重要的语法知识点,掌握定语从句的使用方法对于正确理解和使用英语具有重要的作用。
下面是关于高中英语定语从句的总结。
一、定语从句的引导词定语从句通常由关系代词和关系副词引导。
常用的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;常用的关系副词有:when, where, why。
1. 关系代词:(a) that 用来修饰人或物,常可省略;用来引导非限制性定语从句时,前面要加逗号。
(b) which 用来修饰物,常可省略;用来引导非限制性定语从句时,前面要加逗号。
(c) who 用来修饰人,不可省略;用来引导非限制性定语从句时,前面要加逗号。
(d) whom 用来修饰人,作宾语时不可省略;用来引导非限制性定语从句时,前面要加逗号。
(e) whose 用来修饰人或物,不可省略;用来引导非限制性定语从句时,前面要加逗号。
(f) as 用来修饰人或物,引导非限制性定语从句时使用,相当于which。
2. 关系副词:(a) when 引导时间定语从句,相当于“at/in/on which”。
(b) where 引导地点定语从句,相当于“in/at/to which”。
(c) why 引导原因定语从句,相当于“for which”。
二、定语从句的种类定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句是对被修饰词起限定作用的从句,如果去掉定语从句,主句的意思会不完整或不明确。
限制性定语从句使用关系代词that, which, who等引导。
关系代词在定语从句中可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语。
例句:This is the book that I bought yesterday.这是我昨天买的书。
2. 非限制性定语从句则是对被修饰词进行进一步补充说明,如果去掉定语从句,主句的意思仍然是完整的。
高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句
高中英语语法知识总结:定语从句易错点1 关系代词与关系副词的混用1.定语从句相当于一个形容词,起定词作用,修饰名词或代词2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词,决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when,是地点名词就用where。
易错点2 关系代词who、whom、whose的误用对于定语从句关系词的考查,首先要确定从句是什么类型的从句,然后再分析关系词在从句中的成分,最后选择正确的词。
要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力,和理解能力。
如果缺少主宾表,要用that或which,缺少状语用关系副词when,where,why,缺少定语用whose。
易错点3 关系代词that和which的误用只用which,不能用that的情况(1) 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成"介词+关系代词"结构来修饰表事物的先行词时,关系代词必须用which.如:☞The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意:如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首, which就可换为that,如:☞This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
(2) 先行词为"those+表事物的复数名词"时,关系代词通常只用which 而不用that。
如:☞Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior.学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。
高中英语语法之定语从句
高中英语语法之定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法定语从句是英语中常见的一种从句。
它用来对主句中的名词或代词进行修饰和限定,使语言更加精确和具体。
本文将对高中英语中关于定语从句的用法进行归纳总结。
一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一个以关系词引导的从句,修饰或限定前面的名词或代词,起到进一步解释、补充信息的作用。
关系词包括:who、whom、which、whose、that等。
二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词who指代人,whom在从句中做宾语,which指代物,可以指代整个主句或从句中的一个成分,that既可以指人也可以指物。
2. 关系副词where表示地点,when表示时间,why表示原因。
三、定语从句的位置1. 当修饰主句中的主语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。
例句:The boy who is playing football is my brother.(正在踢足球的那个男孩是我弟弟。
)2. 当修饰主句中的宾语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。
例句:I bought a book which was written by J.K. Rowling.(我买了一本J.K.罗琳写的书。
)3. 当修饰主句中的宾语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之前。
例句:I saw the girl whom I met yesterday.(我看到了昨天遇到的那个女孩。
)四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句用来对名词进行修饰和限定,如果去掉不影响主句的完整性。
被从句修饰的名词不能省略。
例句:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(昨天我买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 非限制性定语从句用来对名词进行陈述和补充说明,去掉会影响句子的意思和完整性。
被从句修饰的名词可以省略。
例句:Tom, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.(汤姆是个医生,在一家医院工作。
高中英语语法:定语从句知识点
高中英语语法:定语从句知识点在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词,用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that 和关系副词when、where、why等。
一、关系代词和关系副词的功能关系代词和关系副词功能有三个:1)用来引导定语从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。
2)关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。
关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语;关系副词可作状语。
3)关系代词和关系副词在从句中代替在他前面的先行词。
1、作主语关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词一致。
All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需要的是大量的油。
(引导词that在句中作主语)The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 昨天到我班来访的外国人来自加拿大。
(引导词who在句中作主语)2、作宾语在定语从句里作宾语的关系代词在口语中常被省去The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 我煮的面条美味可口。
(引导词that,可省略)The fish (which) we bought wes not fresh. 我们买的鱼不新鲜。
(引导词which,可省略)3、作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。
This is the boy whose mother is our Chinese teacher. 这就是那个男孩,他母亲是我们的语文老师。
注意:关系代词whose在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语时,可以跟介词放在主语和从句之间。
The boss in whose company Mr. Kang worked called at the hospital. 老板到医院拜访了康先生,康先生在他的公司里工作。
高中英语语法定语从句小结
定语从句1.限制性定语从句①关系代词(who,whom,whose,which,that,as)A.从句中谓语动词的人称和数与先行词一致one of +动词复数-------He is one of the students who have been to Shanghaithe only one +动词单数-------He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai*not only one of=one ofB.who/whom介词放在句尾,二者都可用------This is the girl (who/whom) we have been looking for.C.whose=of whichThe classroom whose windows are broken is unoccupied.The classroom of which the windows are broken is unoccupied.D.介词+关系代词⑴v.+prep. He found a job for which he had been preparing⑵n.+prep.They are still living in the little house in which they’ve been living for 15 years⑶adj.+prep.The woker with whom the boss is not happy will be fired for her inefficiencyE.只用that⑴.先行词是最高级、序数词⑵.先行词是all,some/any/no/every+thing ,none或only,any,few,little,no,all,none of,the very+先行词⑶.先行词既有人又有物⑷.who/which…….that…..?⑸…… which…….that……②关系副词(when,where,why)A.when=on which先行词:occasionB.where=in which先行词:case,point,situation,condition,stageC.why=for which先行词:reason2.非限制性定语从句A.when=and then where=and thereB.a s/which(1)as在句前、句中、句后------which在句后(2)非限制性定语从句放在主句之后,用as定语从句是否定句或表示否定时,用which---He came here very late, which was unexpected (3)As anybody can seeAs we had expectedAs often happensAs has been said beforeAs is mentioned aboveAs I understandAs appears(4)As+被动语态------Which+主动语态。
高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。
(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。
(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
xx定语从句详解Ⅰ. 概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。
(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。
常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、where(地点状语)可以修饰人的关系代词:that, who, whom, whose可以修饰事的关系代词:that, which, as, whose,The student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window faces the sea.定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。
Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法:●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。
(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?3. You can take anything ( that) you like. (宾语)4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.(表语)7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.(= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法及常见引导词
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法及常见引导词定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要部分,它能够用来修饰名词或代词。
本文将对定语从句的用法及常见引导词进行系统的归纳和总结。
一、定语从句的概念和作用定语从句由一个句子引导另一个句子,它的作用是为主句中的名词或代词提供限定信息,进一步描述或解释主句中的内容。
定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词:关系代词用于引导定语从句,并在从句中充当主语、宾语或介词宾语。
常见的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that等。
例如:The boy who is standing over there is my brother.(那个站在那边的男孩是我弟弟。
)2. 关系副词:关系副词用于引导定语从句,修饰地点、时间或原因等。
常见的关系副词有:where、when、why等。
例如:This is the place where we met last time.(这是上次我们见面的地方。
)三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行限定,如果去掉它,主句的意思就不完整,从句不能省略。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行补充或说明,如果去掉它,主句的意思仍然完整,从句用逗号隔开。
例如:Tom, who is my best friend, will come to my birthday party.(汤姆,我的好朋友,会来参加我的生日派对。
)四、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,可以放在句首、句中或句末。
例如:The woman who is talking to the teacher is my mother.(正在和那个老师谈话的女人是我妈妈。
高中英语:定语从句语法总结
高中英语:定语从句语法总结定语从句必备知识1.定语从句在复合句中,修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫作定语从句。
定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
(定语从句作后置定语)2.先行词被定语从句所修饰的词或句子叫先行词,作先行词的可以是:(1)一个词(通常是名词,也可以是代词)This is the place which is worth visiting.这是值得参观的地方。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。
(2)一个短语Many life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题,是现在的大家庭无力解决的。
(3)一个分句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people have realized how diverse languages could be.希腊人认为,语言结构和思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
(4)一个完整的句子I found an old man lying on the ground and I took him to hospital in a taxi immediately, which was why I was late that morning.我发现一个老人躺在马路上,我立即乘出租车把他送到了医院,这就是那天上午我迟到的原因。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的结构与用法
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的结构与用法定语从句是英语中非常重要的一种句子成分,用来修饰名词或代词,并且对于语法的正确使用以及理解句子的意思都起到了至关重要的作用。
下面是有关定语从句的结构与用法的归纳。
一、定语从句的结构:1.关系代词引导的定语从句:关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose例如:The book that is on the table is mine. (关系代词that引导的定语从句) The dog which is barking is irritating. (关系代词which引导的定语从句)2.关系副词引导的定语从句:关系副词有:where, when, why例如:I visited the school where my mother works. (关系副词where引导的定语从句)He still remembers the day when he met his best friend. (关系副词when 引导的定语从句)二、定语从句的用法:1.修饰名词的定语从句:定语从句可以用来修饰名词,进一步说明名词的性质、特征或者限定范围。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.2.指代前面提到的特定事物或者人:定语从句可以用来指代前面提到的特定事物或者人,避免重复使用名词。
例如:I met the man who helped me yesterday.This is the city where I grew up.3.表示原因、目的、方式等:定语从句可以用来表示原因、目的、方式等,进一步说明句子的意思。
例如:He didn't go to work today because he missed the bus.I brought my laptop so that I could work on the project.4.引导非限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句是对名词进行限定,而非限制性定语从句不会改变句子的主要意思,只是起到进一步补充说明的作用,并且用逗号将它与主句分开。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词和句型
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的引导词和句型定语从句是高中英语中非常重要的语法知识点之一。
在句子中,定语从句用于修饰名词或代词,进一步说明或限定其前面的名词或代词。
在定语从句中,引导词起到连接主句和从句的作用。
熟练掌握定语从句的引导词和句型对于理解和运用英语句子的结构非常关键。
下面将对定语从句的引导词和句型进行归纳:一、引导定语从句的关系代词:1. 关系代词“that”:- 用于修饰人和物,常出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“which”代替。
2. 关系代词“which”:- 用于修饰物,常出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“which”代替。
3. 关系代词“who”:- 用于修饰人,在从句中作主语,出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“whom”代替。
4. 关系代词“whom”:- 用于修饰人,在从句中作宾语,出现在被修饰词前面。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“who”代替。
5. 关系代词“whose”:- 用于修饰人和物,表示所属关系。
二、引导定语从句的关系副词:1. 关系副词“where”:- 用于修饰地点,在从句中作地点状语。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“in/at which”代替。
2. 关系副词“when”:- 用于修饰时间,在从句中作时间状语。
- 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用“at which”代替。
三、定语从句的句型:1. “介词+关系代词/关系副词”:- 介词可以是“in”,“on”,“with”等等,关系代词或关系副词用来引导定语从句。
2. “先行词+关系代词+不定式”:- 先行词常为不定代词,如“something”,“anything”,“nothing”等等,关系代词用来引导定语从句。
3. “as”的使用:- 当先行词是“such”,“the same”,“so”等修饰词时,可以用“as”作为关系词引导定语从句。
以上是定语从句的引导词和句型的归纳总结。
高中英语语法:定语从句考点总结
高中英语语法:定语从句考点总结定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略)2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one 等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。
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定语从句总结
先行词为人时:
关系代词
从句中缺主语时,who;that;不能省略
从句缺宾语,who; that ;whom,可省略;
(介词后只能跟whom
从句缺定语指代’s ,whose
先行词为物时:
关系代词
从句缺主语时,which;that;不能省略
从句缺宾语时,which;that;可省略;(介词后只能跟which
从句缺定语指代’s,whose
先行词为时间:
从句缺时间状语时,关系副词when(也可prep+which
从句缺主语宾语时,which;that
先行词为地点:从句缺地点状语时,关系副词where(也可prep+which 从句缺主语宾语时,which;that
先行词为reason:从句缺原因状语时,why / for which
从句缺主语宾语时,which;that
非限制性定语从句(带,的定语从句
1.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
2.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park. (which 指代前面这个事
3. He keeps a diary, which everybody knows.
(which 指代know的宾语
(1as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,
which不可。
(2as常带有“正如”的意思
As we know , smoking is harmful to one's health.
As is know n, smoking is harmful to one's health.
It is known that smoking is harmful. (主语从句
(3the same… as;such…as 中的as 是固定结构,
I have got into the same trouble as he (has.
特别说明:
1常考名词的定语从句:case,point,
stage,situation;定语从句中主语
宾语齐全用where;定语从句中缺
主语宾语用which或that
2 way做先行词,定语从句中的
关系词用that; in which;不填
3 用逗号隔开,起补充说明作用的
非限制限制性定语从句,无论
先行词是什么,都不用that
4 众所周知:
As is known(to all,…
It is known (to allthat
5 正如
As was reported, (It was reported that
As was announced,
As was expected,
As we planned,
As can be seen,
只能用that, 不能用which引导定语从句的情况
a不定代词,如:anything,
nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时Finally, the thief handed everything
that he had stolen to the police.
b the only, the very, the just修饰
先行词时
He is the very man that helped the
girl out of the water.
c先行词为序数词(the first, the last
数词、形容词最高级时
The first English book that he
Had read was "Gone with the wind"
d先行词既有人,又有物时
He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited. e关系代词在从句中做表语
He is not the man that he used to be.。