农村3-6岁幼儿语言认知发展的现状及对策

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题目：农村3-6岁幼儿语言认知发展的现状及对策

——以安康市为例

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农村3-6岁幼儿语言认知发展现状

——以安康市为例

（安康学院教育科学系，陕西安康725000）

摘要：3-6岁是语言发展的关键期，是儿童通过言语这个“外壳”来形成思维的最佳期，因此3-6岁幼儿语言认知的发展也成为《幼儿教育指导纲要》中强调的重要目标和内容。关于儿童语言习得的研究证明，尽管人类自身具备了学习和掌握语言的这一异常复杂符号的基本潜能，但是其最终语言发展的水平却取决很多的影响因素。大家所熟知的“狼孩”的研究也启示我们，如果错过了婴幼儿这一语言发展的关键期，其后的语言教育很难弥补个体语言认知能力上的缺陷。早期语言认知发展的匮乏，无疑将深刻的影响个体今后的语言发展和思维发展水平。

近几年来，农村随着居住环境的城镇化，同时也由于儿童抚养的隔代化，幼儿不仅与同伴语言交往的机会大为减少，与年迈抚养者的语言交流机会也呈现出下降趋势。农村幼儿的语言能力与城市幼儿相差甚远。具体表现在：词语贫乏，语言的完整性、连贯性、流畅性非常不够。

关键字：语言；农村环境；认知发展

The status quo of language cognition development of 3-6 years

old in rural areas

-- Taking Ankang as an example

Wang Cong

(Department of Education Science, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000) Abstract: 3-6 years old is the critical period of language development, children through the words, the "shell" to form the thinking of the best period, so 3-6 years old children's language and cognitive development has become highlighted in the "guidelines for kindergarten education" an important goal and content. Research on children's language acquisition to prove that although human beings have the learning and mastering the language of this very complex symbols of the basic potential, but the final level of language development but depends on a number of factors. Known as "wolf cub," the study also tells us that if we miss the critical period of language development of infants and young children, the later language education is difficult to make up for the defects of the cognitive ability of the individual language. The lack of early language cognition development will undoubtedly have a profound impact on the language development and the level of thinking in the future..

In recent years, rural with urban living environment and because of child rearing inter generational change, children not only opportunities for interaction with fellow language is greatly reduced and the and who support elderly the language exchange opportunities also showed a downward trend. The language ability of the rural children and the difference between the urban children. The concrete manifestation is: the words lack, the language integrity, the coherence, the fluency is not enough.

Keywords: language, rural environment, cognitive development