Lesson_4__THE_JURY_SYSTEM

I. THE ROLE OF THE JURY
The jury’s function during a trial is to decide the facts of the case.
陪审团在审判中的作用是对 案件事实进行判断。 案件事实进行判断。
It is the judge’s function, inter alia, judge’s to explain the law to the jury… The judge conducts the trial, 法官的职责之一就是向陪审 decides any legal issues that 团解释法律… 团解释法律… arise during the trial and controls the evidence the jury is 法官主持庭审， 法官主持庭审，裁断庭审中 allowed to hear.
III. TRIAL BY JURY
A jury trial is a trial of a lawsuit
or criminal prosecution in which the case is presented to a jury and the factual questions and the final judgment are determined by a jury. This is distinguished from a “court trial” trial” in which the judge decides factual as well as legal questions, and makes the final judgment.
A.陪审员审查 A.陪审员审查
陪审员名单上的全体陪审员 是随机选出的， 是随机选出的，任何诉讼方 都能对其进行审查， 都能对其进行审查，从而选 出陪审员。 出陪审员。
II. SELECTION OF THE JURY
Challenging Jury Membership Either party has the right to challenge the presence of a juror on three grounds: a. the juror is in fact not qualified; or b. the juror is biased; or c. the juror may be reasonably suspected of bias against the defendant. defendant.
Reading questions
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. How many laypersons are there in a jury? What does “layperson” mean? Who will face a jury trial according to U.K. law? How about in the U.S.? What is the role of the jury and the judge in a jury trial? Who is eligible for jury service? Who is ineligible? Which party can inspect the jury panel? What does “jury trial” mean, according to Part III of the text? How about “court trial”?
陪审团审是指，将民事或刑 陪审团审是指， 事案件提交给陪审团审理， 事案件提交给陪审团审理， 由其裁断案件事实和做出最 终裁决。 终裁决。
它跟法官审不同，法官审由 它跟法官审不同， 法官裁决事实问题和法律问 题并做出最终判决。 题并做出最终判决。
• The petit jury
Return a verdict of guilty or not guilty
大陪审团起诉书 indictment （陪审团）裁决 verdict 陪审召集令 Jury summon 大陪审团 The grand juror 小陪审团 The petit juror 陪审员名单中的全体陪审员 panel 外行人士’ Layman/layperson 证人 witness (刑事)被告 刑事) The accused 陪审员 jury 律师 attorney
出现的任何法律问题，并控 出现的任何法律问题， 制陪审团能够听取的证据。 制陪审团能够听取的证据。
II. SELECTION OF THE JURY
Anyone who is listed on the electoral register between the age of 18 and 70 is eligible for jury service. Ineligible persons are members of the judiciary and others involved in the justice system, e.g. barristers and solicitors, the clergy ,the mentally ill.
Precondition for a jury
• Not guilty in indictment • Plea is not accepted by prosecution • Punishment exceed six months’ imprisonment • Defendant is an adult
Lesson 4 THE JURY SYSTEM
Glossary
• • • • • • • • • • • layperson deliberation witness jury trial guilty indictment plea the accused imprisonment prosecute verdict • • • • • • • • • • • instruct acquit retire convict acquittal judiciary vetting panel challenge jury summon juror • • • • attorney court trial grand jury petit jury
• The grand jury
Hear evidence Determine whether there is probable cause written statement-indictment statementsword/shield
Exercises
Translate the following terms into Engl B.申请陪审员回避（对陪审 申请陪审员回避 员资格提出异议） 员资格提出异议） 诉讼双方均有权就以下三个 理由要求某一陪审员回避： 理由要求某一陪审员回避： a.陪审员在事实上不合格； a.陪审员在事实上不合格； 陪审员在事实上不合格 或者 b.陪审员存有偏见； b.陪审员存有偏见；或者 陪审员存有偏见 c.有合理理由怀疑陪审员可 c.有合理理由怀疑陪审员可 能对被告存在偏见。 能对被告存在偏见。
司法系统 Judicial system 陪审 deliberation 召集令 Jury summon 彻底审查 vetting 监禁 imprisonment
提起公诉 Conduct the trial （法官）指示 instruct 宣判… 宣判…无罪 acquit 宣判… 宣判…有罪 convict （陪审团）退庭 retire 申请（陪审员）回避 challenge
Summary
• How many laypersons are there in a jury? • Who is entitled to jury trial in U.S.? • The role of the jury and the judge in a jury trial • People eligible and ineligible for jury • Grounds on which jurors may be challenged • Definitions of “jury trial” and “court trial”
TEXT
陪审团） 它（陪审团）征募一组仅仅 It recruits a group of no 12个人的非法律专业人 有12个人的非法律专业人 more than 12 laypersons… laypersons… 士… …an accused in the United States is entitled to a trial by jury whenever the case is originally brought into federal 在美国， 在美国，任何联邦法院初审 案件， court and involves an offense for 案件，只要被告人可能被判 处六个月以上监禁的刑罚而 which the punishment may 且被告人是成年人的话， exceed six months’ imprisonment 且被告人是成年人的话，此 人就有权获得陪审团审判。 人就有权获得陪审团审判。 and in which the defendant is prosecuted as an adult.
•
Notices mailed out to potential jurors (notices are sent to people chosen at random from the voter registration forms). Notice demands that the person appear before the court for an interview (for example 200 people may show up to be interviewed for the jury). Appearance before the court is mandatory (required by law). Lawyers then question the jurors to discover any possible biases (relationship with anyone involved in the case). If bias is discovered the lawyers will exercise right to exclude that person from the jury. A number of alternate jurors who will be used if a juror is unable to continue his duties. Jurors receive compensation of $25/day plus housing and meals. No knowledge required to be jury
任何年龄在18 70岁的注册 任何年龄在18至70岁的注册 18至 选民都具有担任陪审员的合 法资格。 法资格。
不具有合法资格的人包括司 法系统的人员和其他有关人 员，例如出庭律师和事务律 师、神职人员和心智有缺陷 的人。 的人。
II. SELECTION OF THE JURY
A.
Jury Vetting The panel is selected at random and any party to the proceedings can inspect the panel from which the jurors will be chosen.