U2I'll help to clean up the city parks Section B

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人教版英语初二下册 Unit 2 I`ll help to clean up the city park 知识讲解

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. clean upclean up意为“打扫”，up为副词，此短语是动副型短语，如果宾语为代词，应放在短语中间；如果宾语是名词，可放于短语之间或两词之后。

例如：Please clean up this street at once. 请马上把这条街打扫干净。

This street is dirty. Please clean it up. 这条街道太脏了，请把它打扫干净。

2. cheer upcheer up意为“变得高兴，振奋起来”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语。

cheer up既可作及物动词短语，也可作不及物动词短语。

例如：He cheered up at once when I agreed to help him. 我同意帮助他时，他马上高兴起来。

Cheer up! The news isn’t too bad. 振作起来！这消息不是太坏。

He took her to the cinema to cheer her up. 为了让她高兴，他带她去了电影院。

【拓展】(1) cheer作不及物动词，意为“欢呼；喝彩”。

例如：The girls cheered as the famous singer arrived. 当这位著名的歌手到达时，女孩子们大声欢呼。

(2) cheer作及物动词，意为“为……欢呼，高呼”。

例如：The whole village turned out to cheer the hero. 全村人都出来向那位英雄欢呼。

(3) cheer作可数名词，意为“欢呼声；喝彩声”。

例如：We can hear the cheers of students outside the gym. 我们在体育场外就能听到学生的欢呼声。

(4) cheer on意为“为……加油”。

例如：We will have a basketball game this afternoon. Would you like to come and cheer us on?我们今天下午有一场篮球比赛，你愿意来为我们加油吗？3. give outgive out意为“散发；分发”，相当于hand out，是“动词+ 副词”结构的短语动词。

U2-I'll-help-to-clean-up-the-city-parks.重点短语和句子

1.clean up the city parks 清扫城市公园2.visit the sick kids 看望生病的孩子们3.cheer sb up=cheer up sb （使某人）变得更高兴;振奋4.give out food at the food bank 在食品救助中心发放食物5.volunteer to do sth. 志愿/自愿做某事6.an after—school study program 课外学习活动（项目）e up with sth. = think up sth。

想出；提出8.put off doing sth 推迟；延迟做某事9.put up signs 张贴标示/标志10.make some notices 制作些公告牌11.hand sth. out = give sth. out 分发；散发；发给12.call up sb. = call sb. up 打电话；召集13.make a plan 制订计划14.help out with sth. 帮助解决困难ed to be/ do sth. 曾经… … ；过去_16.care for sb。

/ sth。

关心/ 照顾……17.give up several hours each week 每周腾出几个小时18.try out for sth。

报名参加选拔19.a strong feeling of satisfaction 一种强烈的满足感20.raise money for homeless people 为无家可归的人筹钱。

21.travel alone 独自旅行二．重点句型1。

Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. 清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间.2. Last year，she decided to try out for a volunteer after—school reading program.去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

八年级英语下册Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparksSectionA(

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. Section A (1a-2d)
Ⅰ. 将活动与图片匹配 A. call up B. put up signs C. hand out notices D. clean up the city parks E. visit sick children in the hospital
【归纳拓展】help的不同词性 (1)作及物动词, 意为“帮助; 援助; 促进; 对……有帮助”, 其常见用法如下:
后常跟名词、代词作宾语
Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
后常跟动词不定式
作宾语或宾语补足
语, 不定式符号__可
省略
to
Schools need volunteers to help children
(to) read. 学校需要义务工作者帮助儿童阅读。
用于某些固定结构中
help sb. ____ sth. “帮助某人做某事”;
h饮el料p 等__)_”_;w_ci_tahtno’.t
. . “自用, 自取(食物、 help _____ sth. “忍不住;
情不自on禁ese做lf某事”
doing
答案: 1. to teach 2. give out 3. volunteer
4. They can’t put off ________ the plan for the party. 5. As young adults, we should listen to the old people and ________ them. 答案: 4. making 5. care for
D. cheer her up

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks 课文讲解知识点练习

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parksSection A1. I’ll help to clean up the city parks。

我将要帮助打扫城市公园。

【解析1】I’ll=I will将来时的结构：will+dobe going to +dobe +doing(move/go/come/leave/fly…表示位移的词) there be的将来时结构：there will bethere is /are going to be【解析2】help v →helpful adj.1). help sb. (to) do sth. = help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。

2). help oneself（to）自用（食物等）；随便吃···3). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。

4). with the help of 在……帮助下。

5).Can’t help doing 情不自禁做....练习题：( )1.—Mary is so ________ — she comes to you whenever you’re in trouble.A. usefulB. carefulC. thankfulD. helpful( ) woman ___all of her money to charities____ the poor.A. gave off, to helpB. gave up, helpingC. gave away, to helpD. gave, helping( ) can't help _________ the house because she's busy making a cake.A. cleaningB. to cleanC. cleanedD. being cleaned( ) shopping, people sometimes can't help _________ into buying something they don't really need.A. to persuadeB. persuadingC. being persuadedD. be persuaded( )5 "Help___tosomechicken!"shesaidtomyguests.【解析3】clean up 把……打扫干净【up短语】cheer up (使)振作起来；give up放弃clean up 清除fix up修理set up建立put up张贴举起get up起床stay up (late)熬夜come up with想出；提出pick up捡起grow up成长wake up醒来make up编造cut up切碎turn up 调高调大（声音）look up查阅call up召集hurry up快点儿，赶快练习题：’s your turn ____________up the kitchen.(clean)( ) bedroom is too dirty, please _____.A. clean it upB. clean up itC. set it up( ) 3. If everyone pours less polluted water into Dianchi Lake, it will be _____.A. deeper and deeperB. cleaner and cleanerC. dirtier and dirtierD. wider and wider( )4 . —Diaoyu Island belongs to China.—Surely it does! We Chinese will never it up.A. cutB. fixC. giveD. set( ) looks sad .Let’s ___ him___.A. cheer , upB. put, upC. set upD. call, up( )6. — It's too hard for me to be a trailwalker.— Never ________. Believe in yourself!A. put upB. give upC. hurry upD. look up2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.重点单词：1.Sick 生病的,有病的; 可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定语a sick child【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。

Mary could not come because she is ill.2. cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.3. give out分发；散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.give sth. out to sb. 意为。

4. volunteer【名词】志愿者V.义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. ，The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.5. used to do sth. 过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。

There used to be a cinema here.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.6.alone adj独自一人的,无感情色彩; adv. 独自地，单独地：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.lonely adj.（感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。

The lonely boy is not lonely now.I am ________ , but I can’t feel ___ .7. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料……care n.小心，关心take care of=look after →v.care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事→adj. careful / careless →adv. carefully8. such“这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day /such an exciting matchsuch+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions such delicious food如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so修饰形容词或者副词。

Unit 2 I`ll help to clean up the city park 知识讲解

例如：Please clean up this street at once. 请马上把这条街打扫干净。

This street is dirty. Please clean it up. 这条街道太脏了，请把它打扫干净。

2. cheer upcheer up意为“变得高兴，振奋起来”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语。

cheer up既可作及物动词短语，也可作不及物动词短语。

例如：He cheered up at once when I agreed to help him. 我同意帮助他时，他马上高兴起来。

Cheer up! The news isn’t too bad. 振作起来！这消息不是太坏。

He took her to the cinema to cheer her up. 为了让她高兴，他带她去了电影院。

【拓展】(1) cheer作不及物动词，意为“欢呼；喝彩”。

例如：The girls cheered as the famous singer arrived. 当这位著名的歌手到达时，女孩子们大声欢呼。

(2) cheer作及物动词，意为“为……欢呼，高呼”。

例如：The whole village turned out to cheer the hero. 全村人都出来向那位英雄欢呼。

(3) cheer作可数名词，意为“欢呼声；喝彩声”。

例如：We can hear the cheers of students outside the gym. 我们在体育场外就能听到学生的欢呼声。

(4) cheer on意为“为……加油”。

八年级英语下册Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks短语、语法知识点汇

Un it 2 I' II help to clea n up the city parksSectio n A1. You could help to clean up the city parks. (P. 9)(1) ①help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事翻译：你能在家庭作业方面帮助我吗？________________________________________________②help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事翻译：他常常帮助他妈妈做家务。

____________________________________________________(2) clean up意为"打扫干净”翻译：Nancy, please clea n up your room. _______________________________2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up . (P. 9) cheer up意为"使开心，使振作、振奋"，代词用作宾语时，要当在cheer和up之间。

翻译：Cheer up! Everythi ng will be OK. __________________________________3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. (P. 9)give out 意为"分发、散发"，相当于hand out 。

翻译：这有一些书。

请把它们分发给同学们。

4. The girl could volunteer in an after-school study program to teach kids. (P. 9)volu nteer 用作动词，表示"义务做、自愿做”，后接不定式作宾语，volu nteer to do sth. "志愿做某事”；作名词，表示“志愿者”，为可数名词。

Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.

Unit2I'll help to clean up the city parks.本单元单词：clean up打扫（或清除）干净cheer[tʃɪə(r)]v.欢呼；喝彩cheer up（使）变得更高兴；振奋起来give out分发；散发volunteer[ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)]v.义务做；自愿做；n.志愿者come up with想出；提出（主意、计划；回答等）put off推迟sign[saɪn]n.标志；信号notice[ˈnəʊtɪs]n.通知；通告；注意；v.注意到；意识到hand out散发call up打电话（给）某人；征召used to曾经…；过去…lonely[ˈləʊnli]adj.孤独的；寂寞的care for照顾；非常喜欢several[ˈsevrəl]pron.几个；数个；一些strong[strɒŋ]adj.强烈的；强壮的feeling[ˈfi:lɪŋ]n.感觉；感触satisfaction[ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn]n.满意；满足joy[dʒɔɪ]n.高兴；愉快owner[ˈəʊnə(r)]n.物主；主人try out参加…选拔；试用journey[ˈdʒɜ:ni]n.（尤指长途）旅行；行程raise[reɪz]v.募集；征集midnight[ˈmɪdnaɪt]n.午夜；子夜alone[əˈləʊn]adv.独自；单独repair[rɪˈpeə(r)]v.修理；修补fix[fɪks]v.修理；安装fix up修理；装饰give away赠送；捐赠take after（外貌或行为）像broken[ˈbrəʊkən]adj.破损的；残缺的wheel[wi:l]n.车轮；轮子letter[ˈletə(r)]n.信；函Miss[mɪs]n.女士；小姐set up建起；设立disabled[dɪsˈeɪbld]adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的make a difference影响；有作用blind[blaɪnd]adj.瞎的；失明的deaf[def]adj.聋的imagine[ɪˈmædʒɪn]v.想像；设想difficulty[ˈdɪfɪkəlti]n.困难难题open[ˈəʊpən]v.开；打开door[dɔ:(r)]n.门carry[ˈkæri]v.拿；提；扛train[treɪn]v.训练；培训excited[ɪkˈsaɪtɪd]adj.激动的；兴奋的training[ˈtreɪnɪŋ]n.训练；培训kindness[ˈkaɪndnəs]n.仁慈；善良clever[ˈklevə(r)]adj.聪明的；聪颖的understand[ˌʌndəˈstænd]v.理解；领会change[tʃeɪndʒ]v.&n.变化；改变interest[ˈɪntrəst]n.兴趣；关注v.使感兴趣；使关注sir[sɜ:(r)]n.先生（用于正式信函中对不知名的男性收信人的称呼时，写为Sir）madam[ˈmædəm]n.夫人；女士（用于正式信函中对不知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写为Madam）Mario['mærɪəʊ]马里奥（男名）Jimmy[ˈdʒɪmi]吉米（男名）重点单词详解：1.clean up意为“打扫（或清除）干净，是“动词+副词”结构的短语例句：He often helps his parents clean up their room on weekends.You room is diety.You should clean it up.注意：“动词+副词”结构的短语a.后跟名词作宾语时，名词可放在动词和副词之间，也可放在副词后；b.后跟人称代词作宾语时，人称代词要放在动词和副词之间；【拓展】clean-up用作名词，意为“打扫；清洁”例句：We must give our classroom a good clean-up.中考链接：Many volunteers will help to the city parks next Friday.A.give upB.pick upC.clean up2.cheer v.欢呼；喝彩3.cheer up“使变得更高兴；振奋起来”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语Tips：cheer up既可作及物动词短语，也可以作不及物动词短语；人称代词作宾语时，必须放在cheer与up之间例句：He cheered up at once when I agreed to help him.He took her to the cinama to cheer her up.中考连接：David failed in the singing competition.He's very sad now.Let's go to.A.wake him upB.cheer him upC.pick him upD.take him up4.give out意为“散发；分发”，相当于hand out，是“动词+副词”结构的短语；例句：We'll give out notices at the supermarket after school.【拓展】give out的其它含义：（1）意为发出（光、热、声音、气味等）例句：The sun gives out light and heat.（2）意为“用完；耗尽”例句：Our supplies are giving out.中考链接：—Would you please help me the invitations to all my friends.—Sure.You'd better let me know their phone number.A.make upB.clean outC.give out5.volunteer此处用作不及物动词，意为“自愿做；以为做”，后常跟介词in，for等例句：They volunteer for the work in the club.【拓展】（1）volunteer也可用作及物动词，意为“自愿做；义务做”；短语：volunteer to do sth.意为“自愿做某事”例句：Jenny volunteered to clean up the room after the party.（2）volunteer还可用作可数名词，意为“志愿者”例句：I want to be a volunteer in the city.e up with意为“想出、提出（主意、计划、回答等），相当于think up；例句：Can't you come up with a better idea?【拓展】come的其它常用短语有：come over过来；顺便来访；拜访come in进来come on快点；加油come out出来；开花；（书等）出版come up走近；走上前来come down下来come from来自come true实现中考链接：—I've made much progress in grammar.The ideas you worked out fine.A.came up withB.ran out ofC.look up to7.put off“推迟”，是“动词+副词”结构的短语，其后常跟名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作宾语；例句：They put off the match because of the heavy rain.Please don't put off doing your homework.【拓展】put的常用短语还有：put up张贴；搭建；举起put back放回原处；把钟拨慢put out熄灭put down放下put one's hear into全神贯注于put on穿上；上演；发胖put away收起来；放好中考链接：—Let's go out for dinner.—Great！But Clean-Up Day is two weeks from now.We can't making a plan.A.take offB.see offC.put offD.cut off8.notice用作可数名词，意为“通知；通告；布告”例句：There is a notice on the wall,saying“No Parking”.I'll put up a notice about the meeting.【拓展】notice做动词，意为“注意到；意识到”，其常见用法有：（1）notice sb.do/doing sth.注意到某人做了/正在做某事；例句：I noticed Jim get into the teacher's office.I noticed some sutudents getting off the bus when I walked past the school.（2）notice+that从句“注意到…”例句：She noticed that the old man had trouble breathing.ed to在此表示过去一度存在但现在已经消失的某一特定的情形used to作这一用法讲时，常与be，have，live，stay，like，love等词连用，表示“曾；曾经”；例如：He used to be a climber.I used to live in Hangzhou.【拓展】used to还可用来表示“过去常常”做某事，但现在不那样做了，后接动词原形；例句：We used to take risks when we were children.注意：used to的否定结构通常是“didn't use to”；在英式英语中也常用“used not to”缩写形式为“usedn't”；例句：You didn't use to eat chips when you were young.He used not to smoke.中考链接：—I remember there a lot of fish in Yang-lan Lake.Now it has been polluted.—What a pity!I think we should pay a role in protecting the environment.A.are used to haveB.are used to beed to haveed to be10.lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的指心灵上的孤独，具有伤感色彩；例句：He felt very lonely without his friends.【拓展】lonely作形容词，还可意为“偏僻的；人迹罕至的”例句：The cabin was built in a lonely spot.11.care for意为“照顾；照料”，其同义短语为“look after”或“take care of”例句：Thanks for caring for me when I was sick last week.【拓展】（1）care for还可意为“非常喜欢”，通常用于否定句或疑问句；例句：I don't care for basketball.（2）care about意为“关心；注意”例句：We should care about the lonely old people.中考链接：—My mum is ill.I have to stay at home and her.—I'm sorry to hear that.I hope she can get better soon.A.look atB.look forC.care for12.several此处用作形容词，意为“几个；数个；一些”，修饰可数名词复数；例句：Several volunteers are trying to cheer up the sick kids in the hospital.【拓展】several作代词，意为“几个；数个”例句：Several of us went there.13.strong为形容词，意为“（能力）强的；擅长的”短语：be strong in=be good at=do well in“擅长…”，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语例句：He is strong in science.【拓展】strong的其它含义：（1）强壮的；强健的例句：He exercises every day,so he is strong.（2）坚固的；结实的例句：The runner needs a strong pair of shoes.（3）强烈的；厉害的例句：a strong feeling14.feeling n.感觉；感触；情感（可数）表示人的喜、怒、哀、乐或冷、热、累、痛等感受或感觉；例句：I've got a bad feeling.It was a great feeling when I won first prize.助记：feel（v.感受；觉得）+-ing feeling（n.感觉；感触）15.satisfaction用作不可数名词，意为“满意；满足”例句：She smiled in satisfaction.助记：satisfy（v.使满意）去y+action satisfaction（n.满意；满足）16.joy此处用作不可数名词，意为“高兴；愉快”例句：He jumped up with joy.17.owner用作可数名词，意为“物主；主人”短语：the owner of…意为“…的主人”例句：He is the owner of the car.【拓展】（1）own用作形容词，意为“自己的”，一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后，以加强语气；例句：I saw it with my own eyes.（2）own用作及物动词，意为“有；拥有”，相当于have；例句：He owns a big house.（3）of one's own意为“属于某人自己的”；on one's own意为“单独地；独自地”，相当于alone；例句：At last I got a big house of my own.He wants to finish the work on his own.18.try out意为“参加…选拔；试用”，当意为“参加…选拔”时常与介词for连用；例句：Over sixty boys came to try out for the basketball team.I'm trying out a new computer.19.journey可数名词，意为“旅行；行程”，一般指长途旅行；例句：Life is a long journey from birth to death.20.raise用作及物动词，意为“募集；征集”常用于短语：raise money for，意为“为…筹钱”；例句：They want to raise enough money for building a school.【拓展】raise 用作及物动词，还可意为“举起；抬起；提高；养育”；例句：Please raise your right hand .Don't raise your voice at me .He raised a large family .21.alone 用作副词，意为“单独；独自”，在句中作状语。

U2 I will help to clean up the city parks

U2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.一．短语1.clean (it) up 打扫clean-up 大扫除2. cheer (them) up （使）振奋，（使）高兴起来e up with 想起或提出（答案、办法等）= think of ；赶上= catch up with4.a group of students 一组学生5. make some notices 做传单6.raise money 筹钱7.a strong feeling of satisfaction 强烈的满足感8. the look of joy 高兴的神情9.one’s dream come true = achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想10.fix up 整理，维修11. give away 捐赠；泄露12. make a difference 对……产生重大影响13. help …out …帮……克服困难，帮……分担工作14. be excited about …对……兴奋15. write a letter to sb. 给某人写信二．句子1. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. （不定式表目的）2. She could read by herself at the age of four. 她四岁时就能自己阅读了。

3. I’d like to help homeless people.4. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.5. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.6. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.7. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.8. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.9. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.对我来说，有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有Lucky.It是形式宾语，possible是宾语补足语，动词不定式to have Lucky 是真正的宾语三．辨析take after & look liketake after “长得像，行为、性格等像”，尤其是像自己的长辈，可解释为be similar to look like 可用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像e.g. Mary really takes after her mother. 玛丽的确长得像她的妈妈The man looks like our headmaster. 那个男子看起来像我们的校长四．动词短语1. give out 分发，发放give away 赠送give in 屈服，投降give up 放弃give off 发出（气味、光、热等）2. run away 逃走run after 追赶run down 撞倒run into difficulties 遇到困难run sb. home 用汽车把某人送到家3. take up 从事take down 拿下take off 脱下，起飞take place 发生take back 收回take one’s time 不着急take care 小心，当心take care of 照顾take out 取出，拿出take …for …把……当作……take …for example 以……为例4. set up 创办，建立，摆放好set out 动身，开始（做某事）set off 出发，引起，激发五．语法A. 动词不定式非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留动词的某些特征的动词形式．非谓语动词主要有不定式，动词-ing形式，动词-ed形式三类．它们没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语，状语等．动词不定式是指在句中无人称和数的限制，并在句中起着名词，形容词或副词作用的成分．不定式有两种形式，一种是带有不定式符号to的不定式，一种是不带有不定式符号to 的不定式，后者又称动词原形．１，不定式的语法功能⑴作主语：不定式在句中作主语，相当于名词或代词的作用eg: To learn an art is very hard .To master a foreign language calls for a great deal of memory work .掌握一门外语需要大量的记忆性工作．Ｎ：不定式作主语往往用形式主语it替代，然后将不定式置于句尾．eg: It is very hard to learn an art .⑵作表语：不定式作表语表示主语的＂职业，职责或性质＂等eg: Our duty is to help the young children to grow better .⑶作宾语：不定式可以作某些动词的宾语eg: I really like to watch football matches .How I wish to see my old friends again .必背：常用不定式作宾语的动词有：want 、wish 、hope 、offer 、decide 、help 、long 、arrange 、learn 、ask 、refuse 、promise 、pretend 、expect 、dare 、afford 、plan 、manage 、agree 、prepare 、determine⑷不定式作补足语：有的动词需要运用带符号to的不定式作宾语补足语，有的需要运用不带符号to的不定式作宾语补足语eg: I told Jeff to join the club , but he wouldn’t listen .These pictures made me think of my childhood .必背：①带符号to的不定式作宾语补足语的常用动词或词组有：ask 、want 、order 、like 、tell 、help 、persuade 、advise 、permit 、teach 、beg 、allow 、warn 、encourage 、forbid 、get 、force 、invite 、cause 、require 、wish 、wait for 、call on 拜访call for要求②不带符号to 的不定式作宾语补足语的常用动词有（但在这些动词的被动形式下，需要带to ）：see 、watch 、hear 、feel 、notice 、observe 、look at 、listento 、have 、make 、let 、discoverThe boss made the workers work over ten hours a day in the past.= The workers were made to work over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.老板过去让工人们每天工作10多个小时动词help接不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to可省略也可不省略He often comes to help us (to) do some farm work. 他经常来帮我们干些农活（5）独立成分这种不定式独立于句子之外，表示说话者的态度、语气等，又称评论性状语。

初二英语八下Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks

cheer sb.up : 使某人高兴，振奋后面不接宾语时，通常用在祈使句中。 Cheer up，boys and girls!
2 on.
3.
give out “分发” Eg. Look the books on the desk. Let’s give them out. give out sth. to sb. 向某人分发什么 Eg. We will give out these free roses to women today.
hand out 分发，把什么拿出来，施舍 give out，help out 帮· · · 摆脱困难 come up with 提出建议，想法，计划 He expected to come up with some useful advice.
5.
lonely, alone lonely 孤独的，寂寞的，adj. 可作表语，定语。带有感情色彩，强调主观感受。 alone 独自，单独。adj.& adv. 可作表语，后置定语或状语。不带有感情色彩。侧重强调独自一人。相当于on one’s own, by oneself.
9. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。强调抽象行为，表示已经知道的事实或经验。 Eg. Riding a bike can make a man smart. 不定式作主语，强调具体行为，通常表示一种意愿，目的或未完成的事情。 Eg. To complete the program needs much effort. come true 实现主语通常是梦想，某人说的话，后不能接宾语，只能用于主动语态中。 I wish what you said would come true.

八年级英语下册Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks附答案在后面.

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.一、重点短语：clean up 打扫give out分发used to曾经cheer up（使）变得高兴volunteer to do义务做某事Clean-Up Day大打扫日come up with想出主意（办法）have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难二、Grammareach和every1) 从语义上看，each强调个性，着眼于整体中的个体:Each man has his own name.每个人都有自己的名字。

every强调共性，着眼于整体。

I get sick every time I eat seafood. 每次我吃海鲜都会生病。

2) 从语法上看，each可用形容词和代词，而every只用作形容词：He gave two to each (person).We have every reason to believe that the operation will be a success.我们完全有理由相信手术会取得成功。

every和each用于主语时，谓语均要求单数匹配:Each student was asked the same question.每个学生都被问了同样的问题。

Every child was dressed in a costume.所有的孩子都穿了演出服。

3) 两种不可使用each的情况：切勿将each和almost, nearly及not搭配使用，应用every:Almost every cake was sold. 几乎所有的蛋糕都卖完了。

Not every student went on holiday. 并非每个学生都去度假了。

切勿在否定结构中使用each, 应用none:None of the books are mine. 没有一本书是我的。

Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks

Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.Section B【要点讲解】要点1. I take after my mother. 我像我的妈妈。

take after意为＂（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像＂。

其同义短语为：be similar to＂与……相似＂。

Steve takes after his father. They are both creative. 史蒂夫像他父亲。

他们都富有创造力。

She was a smart, brave woman. You take after her. 她是一名聪明、勇敢的女子。

你像她。

【知识拓展】要点2. I fixed it up. 我把它修理好了。

fix up意为＂修理；修补＂，是由＂动词+副词＂构成的短语动词，名词作宾语可放在短语中间或短语后面。

代词作宾语时应置于fix与up之间。

The computer doesn’t work. Can you fix it up? 这台电脑坏了，你会修理吗?【易混辨析】要点3. set up建立；设立Many volunteers would like to set up an organization to help poor people. 许多志愿者想设立一个机构来帮助穷人。

【易混辨析】 set up与build【一语辨异】They set up an organization to help the poor build houses. 他们设立了一个组织来帮助穷人建造房子。

【知识拓展】要点4. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 你帮助我, 使我能够拥有Lucky。

（1）句中make是使役动词，意为＂使；使成为＂，后常跟复合结构，即＂make+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词)＂。

I'll help to clean up the city parks 知识点详解及练习人教八下册

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.1. clean up打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打1.My bike is broken. I have to _________it_______ today.2.I want to _______________ a stamp collectors club. I need to know more persons who like collecting stamps.3.The man ______us_______, but we were not at home.4.He seems very sad. Let’s _______him________.5.The room is very dirty. You must _______it ________now.打打打打打打1.fix; up 2. set up 3. called; up 4. cheer up 5. clean up2. give out打打打打打;打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打1.The teacher came into the classroom and ______________ the papers as quickly as possible.2.Because his family is very poor, he had to ______________studying in the school.3.He _______most of his money and went back to his hometown.打打打打打打gave out; give up; gave away3. put off打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打1.The bus station is not safe, please____________your mobile phone .2.Don’t ____________ pictures on the wall.3.She ___________ the plan with excuse that she had too much to do.打打打打打打1. put away 2. put up 3. put off4. help out打打……打打打打1.The man was unlucky, he ____________________ his money and had to beg in the street.2.We ____________________ time in the game and had to stop.3.His brother decides to ____________________ for the football team.4.I have a big difficulty and I don’t know who can _________me________.打打打打打打1. ran out of 2. ran out of 3.try out 4.help; out5. care for打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打1.He feels blue and____________________ nothing today.2.Her parents are not home and his grandma ____________________of her.打打打打打打1. cares for 2. takes care6. come true打打1. To my surprise, their dream ________.A. come trueB. realizeC. came trueD. realized2. To my surprise, they ________their dream.A. comes trueB. realizesC. came trueD. realized打打打打打打1. C 2. D7.take after…(打打打打打)打1. He ________his grandpa more than grandma.A. takes placeB. takes afterC. takes offD. takes away2. The design of the hat ________mine.A. takes afterB. is similar toC. is similarD. takes after to打打打打打打1. B 2. B8.decide to do sth打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打1.We ____________________ finish all the homework today and hand it in tomorrow.2.She ____________________ choose this job because it is near her home.3.We ____________________ go shopping together after work, but now we are too busy.打打打打打打1. need to 2. decides to ed to9.help sb(to)do sth打打打打打打打1. He ________his grandpa do the housework every weekend.A. helpB. askC. helpsD. asks2. The boy is very hungry and ________me to give him some food.A. helpB. askC. helpsD. asks3. The son was dying and the mother asked the doctor ________her son.A. to give upB. not to give upC. giving upD. not giving up打打打打打打1. C 2. D 3.Be up with打打打打打打打打打打打打We need to come up with a good plan.打打打打打打打打打打打打打打1.One of the group members_________ their suggestions.2.Nobody can _________useful opinions of the problem.打打打打打打1. came up with 2. come up with11. make a difference to打……打打打打打打打打1.This method makes ________to my grades.2.She makes ________ to study English every day.打打打打打打1. a difference 2. plans语法打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打 1. 打打+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打 away, out, off, up, down, back, in, along 打打打打cheer up, clean up, put up, fix up, give away, hand in 打打打练习：call up, put up, set up, hand out, work outTo let students know the V olunteer Day, I come up with some ideas. First, 1_______some signs telling people about the day. Then, we’ll 2_______notices after school. Also, we can 3_______our friends and ask them to come. Finally, we can 4_______ a call-in center for volunteer. All these strategies will 5.________ fine.打打打打打打1. put up 2.hand out 3.call up 4.set up 5.work out2. 打打+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打 for, about, of, after, from, into, to, with, at 打打打打 take after, care for, worry about 打打打练习：take after, care for, worry about1.He ________his grandpa more than grandma.2.He _____________the final exam.3.He feels blue and____________ nothing today.打打打打打打1. takes after 2.worries about 3.cares for3.打打+打打+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打run out of, catch up with,look forward to 打打练习：run out of; come up with; catch up with1.One of the group members_________ their suggestions.2.The car _____________ oil and stopped in the street.3.He slept in the class and couldn’t_________ his classmates.打打打打打打1. comes up with 2.ran out of 3.catch up with4. 打打+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打 have, take, give, make 打打打打have a rest, make mistakes, take place 打打练习：1. This contest ________last week and many people saw it in the television..A. takes placeB. takes afterC. took offD. took place2. I _____________ again and felt shy and stupid in front of my parents.A. made a differenceB. made the mistakeC. made a planD. make plans打打打打打打1.D 2.B5. 打打+打打+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打have a look at, make friends with, make fun of 打打练习：take care of ; have a look at, make friends with,1.Her parents are not home and his grandma _____________ her.2.When the baby was born, his father ____________her and felt very happy.3.His parents want him to ______________excellent students.打打打打打打1. takes care of 2.had a look at 3.make friends with6. be+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打be late for; be busy with; be fond of; be strict with; be different from 打打练习：be late for; be busy with; be different from1. He_____________ class again and the teacher was very angry.2.October 1st is the holiday, but he was still____________ his work because he liked his job very much.3.They are twins, but are_______________ each other completely.打打打打打打1. was late for 2. busy with3. different from打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打“to+打打打打”打打打打打打打 to 打打打打打打打打打 to 打+not打打“not to do”打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打二、打打1.打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打want, hope, begin, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, expect, agree, refuse, wish, plan, afford, choose, would like, need, start 打打Eg:He began to learn English at the age of four.打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打+打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打 it 打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打I find it useful to learn English well.练习：need to, begin to, decide to1.We ____________________ finish all the homework today.2.She ____________________ choose this job because it is near her home.3.The teacher ____________________teach after all the students were in the classroom.打打打打打打1. need to 2. decides to 3. began to2.打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打ask, tell, want, expect, like, wish, would like 打打打打He asked me to talk about English study.练习：ask, tell, want, would like1.The boy is very hungry and ________me to give him some food.2.My friend ________me to find job in the website of 58 city.3.Her family ________her to study history in the university, but she doesn’t like it.4.________you________ to go out to play with me?打打打打打打1. asks 2. told 3. wants 4.Would;like3. 打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打To master a language is not an easy thing.打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打 it 打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打It’s necessary to find the witness.练习：important; dangerous; interesting1. It is______to swim in the river.2. It is_______to study English well and we can use it in many fields.3. It is_______for me to talk with my foreign friends in the computer and I like it very much.打打打打打打1. dangerous 2. important 3. interesting4.打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打I have nothing to say on this question.练习：live in; write with; worry about1.Everything is OK and there is nothing to______.2. I want a pen to________.3.He is looking for a room to_______.打打打打打打1. worry about 2. write with 3. live in5.打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打打He got up early to catch the train.(打打打) I’m sorry to hear that.(打打打)He is too young to understand all that.(打打打)练习：find nothing; hear the news; earn money1.He worked day and night to_______.2.They were very sad to______of his death.打打打打打打1. earn money 2. hear the news6.打打打打打 to 打打打打打打打打打打打had better 打打打打had better do sth.打打打打打had better not do sth. 打打You had better go home now打打打打打打 let, make, have 打打打打打 see, feel, watch, notice, hear 打打打打打打打打打打打打打 to I made them give me the money back.打打打打打打打打 why not 打打Why not take a holiday?=Why don’t you take a holiday?打打打打打打打 help 打打打打打打打打打打打 to 打打打打 to.Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box?练习：had better do sth.; make sb. do sth.; help sb. do sth.; Why not1. I have a rabbit and______ my father feed them every day, I enjoy the time with the rabbit.2._______go out to take a walk? The scenery is very beautiful outside.3. He_____his daughter do housework with him every night, but shedoesn’t want to do it.打打打打打打1. help 2. Why not 3. makes7. 打打打打打打打打打打打打打打 what, which, when, where, how 打打打打打打 I don’t know what to do next.。