人教版九年级英语 Unit 10 Section B 语法知识点精讲(含练习题及答案)

人教版九年级英语Unit 10 Section B 语法知识点精讲Section B单词
(1)empty/’empti/ adj. 空的，空洞的
典例feel empty （口语）觉得饿
empty stomach 空腹
empty talk 空话，空谈
反义full adj. 满的
拓展empty v.倒空，倾空
名言Better an empty purse than an empty head. 宁可钱袋瘪，不要脑袋空
(2)basic/’beisik/ adj.基本的，基础的
典例basic theory基础理论
The basic sevice here is free. 这里的基本服务是免费的
联想
basic adj.基本的
baseball n.棒球
basement n.地下室
basis n.基础
(3)exchange/iks’ʃteindʒ/ n.&v.交换
典例He gave me an apple in exchange of an orange. （名词）他用橙子和我交换了一个苹果May I exchange seats with you? （动词）我和你交换一下座位好吗?
短语in exchange for作为...的交换
(4)teenage/’ti:neidʒ/ adj. 十几岁的，青少年的
典例teenage hobbies青少年的爱好
My teenage daughter wants to go to the party. 我十几岁的女儿想去参加聚会
联想teenager n.青少年
(5)granddaughter/’grændɔ:tr/ n.（外）孙女
典例Tony’s granddaughter托尼的孙女
My granddaughter has started work and my grandson is at university. 我的孙女已经开始上班了，
我的孙子在念大学
(6)behave/bi’heiv/ v.表现，举止
典例They behave well at school. 他们在学校表现很好
If you behave like that, you’ll get yourself disliked. 如果你的行为举止是那样的话，你会让人厌恶的
短语behave oneself 举止规矩
behave well 表现好，举止得体，行为检点
联想behavior n.行为，举止
(7)except/ik’sept/ prep. 除...之外conj.除了，只是
典例They all went there except Lei Na.
He ate everything on the plate except the carrots. （介词）除胡萝卜外，他吃光了盘子里所有的东西
I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed some money. （连词）我什么都没有告诉他，只是说我需要些钱
短语except for除了...以外
(8)gradually/’grædʒuəli/
典例Gradually a smile appeared on her face. 她的脸上逐渐露出了笑容。

His interest in this subject gradually decreases. 他对这门学科的兴趣逐渐减退
(9)suggestion/sə’dʒestʃən/ n.建议
典例give me some suggestions 给我一些建议
辨析advice与suggestion
都可表示“建议”，advice为不可数名词，表示“一条建议”时，用a piece of advice.
Suggestion为可数名词，其复数形式是suggestions
短语make a suggestion 提出建议
take the suggestion 采纳建议
at sb’s suggestion... 在某人的建议下
Section B
●1.In Korea, the youngest person is expected to start eating first. 在韩国，最年幼的人应该先开始吃饭
➢starting doing sth. 开始做某事
start doing sth. 表示“开始做某事”，一般情况下可以和start to do sth. 互换
When did you start cleaning your room? 你是什么时候开始打扫你的房间的?
【易混辨析】start to do sth 与start doing sth
一般情况下两者可互换，但在下列情况中只能用start to do sth
(1)当主语是“物”而不是“人”时
The ice started to melt. 冰开始融化
(2)当start用于进行时
It’s starting to rain. 天开始下雨了
(3)当start后的非谓语动词指心理状态或精神活动（如think,realize,understand）时
She started to understand who had done it. 她开始明白是谁做了这件事
●2.point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用你的筷子指任何人
➢point at 指
point作动词，意为“指着，指”。

point at意为“指着”
It is rude to point at a person. 指着人是失礼的
【易混辨析】point to与point at
point to与point at都含有“指...”的含义，但二者侧重点不同。

point to侧重指的方向，意为“指向”，point at侧重指的对象，意为“指着”
“What’s his name?” she asked, pointing at the child. 她指着那个小孩问道：“他叫什么名字？”The sign points to the north. 这个标志指向北方
●3.Yes, I’m having a great time on my student exchange program in France. 是的，我在法国的交换生项目的生活很开心
➢have a great time 过得愉快，玩得高兴
have a great time意为“过得愉快，玩得高兴”。

同义短语有：have a good/wonderful time, enjoy oneself, have fun等
We had a great/good/wonderful time in the park last night. 昨晚我们在公园里玩得很高兴
Did you enjoy yourselves in Hainan Island? 你们在海南岛玩得高兴吗?
【知识拓展】
have a good/wonderful time的其他用法
have a good/wonderful time也可用于对别人的出行、旅游、工作等表示美好的祝福
—I’m going to Qingdao to spend my summer holidays with my parents. 我要和父母一起去青岛过暑假
—Have a good/wonderful time! 祝你们玩得高兴
【即时演练】
1.Maybe there is something wrong with my car. I can’t it.
A.move
B.begin
C.start
D.work
2.The girl is pointing the toy on the desk.
A.at
B.to
C.for
D.out
3.—I’ll go to Japan for a trip next month.
—Great!
A.Good luck!
B.Have a good time
C.Best wishes!
D.Glad to see you again.
4.—Tomorrow my parents will take me to HongKong Disneyland.
—
A.Best wishes to you!
B.It’s a good idea.
C.Have a good day!
D.Good luck to you!
参考答案
1-4 : CABC
●4.They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们竭力使我感觉像在自己家里一样
➢go out of one’s way 特别努力地...
go out of one’s way后常接to do sth, 表示“特别努力地做某事，竭力做某事”
Our parents went out of their way to help us. 我们的父母竭力帮助我们
My best friend always goes out of his way to help me when I am in trouble. 当我陷入困境时，我最好的朋友总是竭力帮助我
If you want to succeed in the end, I am afraid you have to go out of your way to do it. 如果你想要取得最后的成功，恐怕你必须竭尽全力去做这件事
➢make sb feel at home 使某人感觉宾至如归
make sb feel at home意为“使某人感觉宾至如归”。

make 在此是使役动词，在主动语态中，后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中，动词不定式符号to不能省略Please sit down and make yourself feel at home. 请坐，别拘束。

The girl’s smile made every guest feel at home. 这个女孩的微笑使每个客人都感觉宾至如归。

The teachers tried to make the new students feel at home in school. 老师们尽力使这些新学生在
学校感觉和家里一样。

●5.So she actually learned how to make Chinese food! 因此实际上她学习如何做中国食物！
➢“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构
how to make意为“怎么做”，属于“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作learn的宾语。

后常跟“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构的动词有：know, ask, tell, show等。

He will tell us how to go there. 他将要告诉我们怎样去那里。

I want to know what to say at that moment. 我想知道在那一刻该说什么
We don’t know when to have the meeting. 我们不知道什么时候开会
【即时演练】
5.My pen friend in America always goes out of way to help me with everything.
A.his
B.she
C.hers
D.he
6.Miss Liu is very kind. She always goes out of her way her students.
A.help
B.to help
C.helping
D.helped
7.The hotel is very comfortable. It makes customers .
A.feel at home
B.feeling good
C.to feel at home
D.feels good
8.The math problem is so hard. I really don’t know .
A.how to do it
B.how to do
C.what to do it
D.when to do
参考答案
5.A 解答本题可运用固定结构判断法。

go out of one’s way中的one’s是名词所有格或形容词性物主代词，选项中只有his符合要求。

6.B 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

go out of one’s way后跟动词不定式作目的状语，故选B
7.A 解答本题可运用固定结构判断法。

make sb feel at home是固定结构，意为“使某人感觉宾至如归”。

故选A
8.A 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

how后跟的动词不定式中的动词要带宾语，排除B，what 可作不定式中动词的宾语，排除C,D项不符合题意，所以排除D项。

故选A
●6.She always talks to me in French to help me practice. 她总是和我说法语来帮我练习。

➢help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
help作动词，意为“帮助”，后可接动词不定式作宾补，不定式符号to可省略。

help sb (to) do sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”，也可用help sb with sth. 来替代
Can you help me to learn English?
=Can you help me with my English? 你能帮助我学英语吗？
I can’t help you to lift this stone.
=I can’t help you with this stone. 我不能帮你抬这块石头。

●7.You wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that. 你简直都想不到就因为这样我的法语提高得有多快。

➢because of 因为，由于
because of意为“因为，由于”，后接名词（短语）、代词、动名词，在句中一般作原因状语，可置于句首或句末。

Because of illness, the boy didn’t go to school. 因为生病，这个男孩没有去上学。

She had to stay at home because of the heavy rain. 因为这场大雨，她不得不待在家里。

【易混辨析】because of与because
because of : 后接名词（短语）、代词、动名词或其他名词性短语，不可接从句
because : 后面一般接从句，且不可和so连用
The student won’t come to the party because he has too much homework to do.
=Because of too much homework, the student won’t come to the party. 这位学生不会来参加这个聚会，因为他有太多的家庭作业要做。

The boy didn’t go to school because of his illness. =The boy didn’t go to school because he was ill. 那个男孩因为生病没去上学
●8.As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home. 正如你想象的，（这些）事情和国内的很不一样。

➢be different from 与...不同
be different from意为“与...不同”，反义短语为the same as...（与...一样）。

Different作形容词，意为“不同的”，可以作表语或定语。

Life in the country is different from that in the city. 乡村生活不同于城市生活。

Jane and I are in different schools. 我和简在不同的学校。

【知识拓展】
difference的含义
difference是different的名词形式，是可数名词，意为“不同之处”
There are five differences in the picture. Can you see them? 这幅画中有五处不同。

你能看出来
吗？
【即时演练】
9.Healthy food and exercise help to study better.
B.we
C.ours
D.our
10.Ann often helps me math after school.
A.for
B.with
C.on
D.by
11.He had to retire(退休)early poor health.
A.as a result
B.because
C.so
D.because of
12.高中和初中的教学方式是不同的。

（根据汉语意思完成句子）
The ways of teaching in senior school are those in junior school.
13.Lucy and I are twins, but we’re different each other in many ways.
A.for
B.in
C.of
D.from
14.这所学校和其他的不同。

它有很多课外活动。

（根据汉语意思完成句子）
This school others. It has many out-of-class activities.
参考答案
9.A 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

help后跟人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，选项中只有us是宾格形式。

10.B 解答本题可运用固定结构判断法。

根据句意“安放学后经常帮助我学习数学”可知选B。

help sb with sth意为“帮助某人某事”
11.D 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

because与because of都表示原因，但because后须接句子，而because of后跟名词（短语）、代词或动名词。

故选D
12.different from
13.D 解答本题可运用固定短语法。

be different from意为“与...不同”，为固定短语。

故选D
14.is different from
●9.Another example is you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是除了面包，你不应该用双手吃任何东西，甚至水果也不行。

➢except 除了...之外
except作介词，意为“除...之外”，其后可接名词、代词、介词短语、副词等，表示把某人或某物从某一范围内排除掉，即不包含在内。

常与always，never，everyone，everything等词连用。

We all visited the Great Wall except Tom. 除汤姆外，我们都参观了万里长城。

Everybody understood except me. 除了我之外，人人都懂。

【知识拓展】
except作连词的用法
except作连词，意为“除了，只是”，后常接从句。

Our dresses were the same, except mine was red. 我们的连衣裙是一样的，只是我的那件事红色的
except : 除...之外（没有），不包含except后面的内容
except for : 除...以外，用于叙述整个情况后，在细节上加以修正或补充，含有惋惜、美中不足之意
besides : 除...以外（还有），强调besides后面的内容被包含在内
I usually go to school by bike except when it rains. 我经常骑车去上学，下雨天除外
The article is very good except for two spelling mistakes. 除了两处拼写错误，这篇文章很好。

She is also good at singing besides dancing. 除跳舞外她还擅长唱歌。

【即时演练】
15.—All the workers went home yesterday Mr. White. Why?
—Because he was on duty.
A.except
B.besides
C.except for
D.beside
16.—Is Jack good at basketball?
—Yes. basketball he is also good at table tennis.
A.Except
B.Besides
C.Since
D.Beside
17.All the students in our class are over 15 besides LiLei. He’s only 14.(改错)
参考答案
15.A 解答本题可运用语境分析法和词语辨析法。

except，besides和except for均表示“除...之外”。

besides强调“除...之外还有”，except强调“除...之外（没有其他）”，except for前后指代的事物是不同类的，且含有惋惜、美中不足之意。

根据句意“为什么除了怀特先生所有的供人昨天都回家了？”“因为他要值班”可知是强调“除...之外（没有其他）”。

故选A
16.B 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

句意为：“杰克擅长篮球吗？”“是的，除了篮球外他也擅长乒乓球。

”besides意为“除...之外还有”，即包括后面所指的内容。

故选B
17.besides→except 句意为：“除了李磊之外，我们班所有的学生都在15岁以上。

李磊才14岁。

”故把李磊排除在外。

except表示“除...之外（不包括在内）”，而besides表示“除...之外（还有）”。

●10.You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. 你必须把它切碎，用叉子吃。

➢cut up 切开，切碎
cut up是由“动词+副词”构成的短语，意为“切开，切碎”。

后接名词时，名词可放在cut与up 之间或之后，后接代词时，代词必须放在cut与up之间。

The angry man cut the table up/cut up the table. 这个愤怒的男人把桌子劈开了。

Can you cut it up with a knife? 你能用刀把它切开吗？
同类归纳
cut down砍倒，降低，缩减
cut off切掉，打断
cut in插嘴
cut one’s hair理发
cut out戒除，删除，剪出
cut...into pieces 把...切碎
cut back 削减，减少
cut across 走近路
●11.I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it. 我不得不说，我发现记住所有的这些事情很难，但是我正在逐渐地习惯。

➢find it+adj. to do sth 发现做某事是...的
在“find it+adj. to do sth”结构中，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式短语，形容词作宾语补足语
You’ll find it useful to study English well after you leave school. 毕业后你会发现学好英语很有用。

Tom found it hard to work out the difficult problem by himself. 汤姆发现他独自做出这道题很困难。

➢get used to 习惯于
get used to 相当于be used to, 表示“习惯于”，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语
Once I lived in the country, but now I am/get used to the life in the city. 我曾经住在乡村，但是现在我习惯了城市的生活。

The traffic rules in France are different from those in China. I am get used to it. 法国的交通规则和中国的（交通规则）不同。

（但是）我习惯了。

My parents are/get used to taking a walk after supper. 我的父母习惯于晚饭后去散步。

【易混辨析】be/get used to, used to与be used to
be/get used to : 习惯于后接名词、代词、动名词
used to : 过去常常... 后接动词原形
be used to : 被用来... 后接动词原形
【即时演练】
18.—Alice, could you help me the meat? I want to make some dumplings for dinner.—OK. I’ll do it right away.
A.put up
B.give up
e up
D.cut up
19.I find difficult to finish the work on time. We only have three hours left.
A.it
B.that
C.its
D.this
20.She found it difficult some good friends in a new place.
A.makes
B.to make
C.to made
D.making
21.Young people today posting wonderful articles and beautiful photos onto the micromessage （微信）to share with friends.
A.are afraid of
B.are used to
C.are worried about
22.You will gradually get used to (live)here with the lovely children. （用所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】
18.D 解答本题可运用语境暗示法。

问句句意为：“艾丽斯，你能帮我把这些肉切碎吗？晚饭我想包饺子。

”put up意为“张贴、举起”，give up意为“放弃”use up意为“用尽”cut up意为“切碎”。

由句意可知选D
19.A 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

句中to finish the work on time是动词不定式短语作真正的宾语，选项中只有it可作形式宾语。

故选A
20.B 解答本题可运用固定结构判断法。

“find it+adj. to do sth”是固定结构，it为形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，故选B
21.B 解答本题可运用语境暗示法和词语辨析法。

be afraid of意为“害怕”，be used to意为“习惯于”，be worried about意为“为...而担忧”，句意为：“现在的年轻人在微信上发表好的文章和漂亮的图片来和朋友们分享。

” 结合句意可知选B
22.living
●12.Have a safe trip, and I forward to meeting you soon! 一路顺风，我期待早点见到你！
➢look forward to 盼望，期待
look forward to是固定短语，意为“盼望，期待（通常以愉快的心情）”。

短语中，to为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

We look forward to her success. 我们期待着她的成功
My grandpa will give me a birthday present. I am looking forward to it. 我爷爷将会给我一个生日礼物。

我很期待。

I’m looking forward to seeing/meeting my new friend. 我期待看到我的新朋友。

【即时演练】
23.I am looking forward to the West Lake.
A.visit
B.visiting
C.visits
D.visited
24.—Hello! Mum. Long time no see!
—Hello! Mary. Are you busy these days? I’m looking forward your phone.
A.to answer
B.answering
C.to answering
D.answer
25.We look forward to (hear from) you soon. （用所给词组的适当形式填空）参考答案
23.B 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

look forward to后接名词或动名词作宾语。

故选B
24.C 解答本题可运用语法判定法。

look forward to后接动词-ing形式。

故选C
25.hearing from
第11页共11。