2018北京市学位英语真题及答案

2018北京市学士学位英语
考前押题
（考试时间120分钟）
PartⅠReading Comprehension(30%)
Directions:There are three passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5are based on the following passage.
There seems never to have been a civilization without toys,but when and how they developed is unknown.They probably came about just to give children something to do.
(76)In the ancient world,as in today,most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another.In societies where social roles are rigidly determined,boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers.This is true because boys and girls are being prepared,even in play to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same.The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship,mechanics and technology.It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing.In Egypt, the America,China,Japan and among the Arctic people,generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings.
(77)Nearly every civilization had dolls,little weapons,toy soldiers,tiny animals and vehicles.
Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form,they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use.The progress from the wheel to the ox cart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent(进步).The progress from a rattle(拨浪鼓)used by a baby in3,000B.C.to one used by an infant today,however,is not characterized by inventiveness.Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.
1.The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that.
［A］their social roles are rigidly determined
［B］most boys would like to follow their fathers'professions
［C］boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers
［D］they like challenging activities
2.One aspect of“the universality of toys”lies in the fact that.
［A］technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys
［B］the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities ［C］the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys
［D］the basic characteristics of toys are the same over the world
3.Which of the following is the author's view on the historical development of toys?
［A］The craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged.
［B］Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries.
［C］The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years.
［D］Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a child's character.
4.Regarded as a kind of art form,toys.
［A］follow a direct line of ascent
［B］also appeal greatly to adults
［C］are not characterized by technological progress
［D］reflect the pace of social progress
5.The author uses the example of a rattle to show that.
［A］in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materials
［B］even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology
［C］it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-making
［D］even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the times
Passage2
Questions6to10are based on the following passage.
On the night of May7,1942,during World WarⅡ,a plane took off from an Air Force base in England to stop German fighters over the English Channel.Pilot of the plane was Captain Thomas Nash.Looking eastward,Nash saw twelve orange lights in a row,moving at a fantastic rate of speed.As a sophisticated flyer,he had never seen anything like them.Thinking that they might be a new German weapon,he decided to chase them.(78)But when he swung the plane around and headed directly for the lights,they vanished.
Captain Nash may have been the first to see such orange lights but he wasn’t the last.His experience was repeated several times by pilots during World War II in Europe and the Far East. What were they?No one knows for sure,but there is an interesting theory to explain them. According to this theory,the orange lights are space animals—animals specially adapted to life in the upper atmosphere just as some creatures are adapted to life at the bottom of the sea.These space animals,the theory says,live so far up in the atmosphere that they are invisible from earth. They feed in part on the air and partly on energy from sunlight.Being almost pure energy themselves,they can adjust their bodies to glow at night.During the day they become invisible.
Before World War II,continues the theory,there was little radiated energy available on the earth’s surface.Then came the development of rockets,atomic reactors,and hydroelectric plants.
(79)The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy.At night when no energy emitted from sunlight,they go down into the lower levels to search a meal.They may even drift into the scope of human eyesight.This explains the fact that they have been sighted periodically from the earth since1942.
6.The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that.
［A］Captain Nash saw twelve orange lights moving at a fantastic rate of speed
［B］Captain Nash may have been the first to see lights in space
［C］According to an interesting theory,the orange lights are space animals
［D］The mysteries of nature can be completely explained
7.The strange orange lights were first seen.
［A］from the ground
［B］from a rocket ship
［C］during World War I
［D］during World WarⅡ
8.The theory says that during the daytime the space animals.
［A］glow brightly in the sky
［B］are invisible
［C］can be seen in the earth
［D］visit the earth’s surface
9.If the space animal theory is true,the creatures go down to the lower regions in order to.［A］escape detection
［B］arouse curiosity
［C］search for food
［D］make contact with man
10.The space animal theory would seem to indicate that.
［A］living creatures are extremely adaptable
［B］life in space is impossible for man
［C］the fittest creatures always survive
［D］life can not exist in the depth of the sea
Passage3
Questions11to15are based on the following passage.
In many businesses,computers have largely replaced paperwork,because they are fast, flexible,and do not make mistakes.As one banker said,“Unlike humans,computers never have a bad day.”And they are honest.Many banks advertise that their transactions are“untouched by human hands”and therefore safe from human temptation.Obviously,computers have no reason to steal money.But they also have no conscience,and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal.
Computer criminals don't use guns.And even if they are caught,it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence.(80)A computer cannot remember who used it,it simply does what it is told.The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years.No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another.Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account,the teller claimed a computer error,then replaced the missing money from someone else's account.This man was caught only because he was a gambler.When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation,his name was in the records.
Some employees use the computer's power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair. Recently,a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life.She was given thirty days'notice.In those thirty days, she erased all the company's computerized records.
Most computer criminals have been minor employees.Now police wonder if this is“the tip of the iceberg”.As one official says,“I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching.What we are seeing now is all so poorly done.I wonder what the real experts are doing—the ones who really know how a computer works.”
11.The passage is mainly about.
［A］computer crimes
［B］banking via computer
［C］computer errors
［D］computer businesses
12.Why are the transactions in many banks claimed to be safe?
［A］Because they are handled by computers.
［B］Because humans are not allowed to operate computers.
［C］Because there are no mistakes what so ever.
［D］Because computers do not steal money.
13.The head teller covered up his theft by.
［A］replacing the money with what he had gained at the gambling house
［B］saying sorry to the customer
［C］putting the money back
［D］moving the money back from another account
14.Thirty days after the librarian was given the notice,she had to.
［A］take her revenge on the company
［B］leave her job
［C］erase all the company's records
［D］admit her mistake
15.What can we infer from the passage?
［A］Minor employers are more likely to commit crimes.
［B］Crimes committed by computer experts are difficult to detect.
［C］Computer criminals are usually from the cold regions.
［D］There are too many criminals for the police to catch.
PartⅡVocabulary and Structure(30%)
Directions:In this part there are30incomplete sentences.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
16.If you buy more than ten，they knock20pence off________.
A.a price
B.price
C.the price
D.prices
17.The manager,_________his factory’s products were poor in quality,decided to give his workers further training.
A.knowing
B.known
C.to know
D.being known
18.Mary has never been_________a ship.
A.abroad
B.aboard
C.above
D.absorb
19.In fact,there is no_________liberty in any country.
A.adequate
B.absolute
C.private
D.practical
20.A driver should_________on the road when driving.
A.connect
B.flat
C.fill
D.concentrate
21.________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
A.Exposed
B.Having exposed
C.Being exposed
D.After being exposed
22.She has an_________for learning history.
A.appendix
B.appeal
C.appetite
D.applause
23.One learns a language by making mistakes and___________them.
A.correct
B.correcting
C.corrects
D.to correct
24._________for his help,we couldn’t have overcome the difficulties.
A.Weren’t it
B.Hadn’t it been
C.Had it not been
D.Without it
25.Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication__________to follow other pursuits.
A.it was possible for humans
B.was it possible for humans
C.were humans possible
D.possible for humans it was
26.The manager of the hotel requests that their guests___________after11:00p.m.
A.not to play loud music
B.don’t play loud music
C.shouldn’t play loud music
D.couldn’t play loud music
27.We desire that the tour leader__________us immediately of any change in plans.
rm
rmed
rms
D.has informed
28.I wish I___________longer this morning，but I had to get up and come to class.
A.could have slept
B.might have slept
C.slept
D.have slept
29.My sister’s professor had her__________paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee.
A.re written
B.to rewrite
C.rewrite
D.rewriting
30.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios_______after11o’clock at night.
A.were not played
B.not be played
C.not to play
D.did not play
31.As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces,I have directed that all measures_______for our defense.
A.had been taken
B.be taken
C.would be taken
D.to be taken
32.The hours______the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.
A.in which
B.on which
C.when
D.that
33.Beforethe first non-stop flight made in1949,it__________necessary for all planes to land for refueling.
A.would be
B.has been
C.had been
D.would have been
34.We___________our breakfast when an old man came to the door.
A.just have had
B.have just had
C.just had
D.had just had
35.It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory_______by about 10%.
A.will have risen
B.has risen
C.will be rising
D.has been rising
36.Although Americans have different views on many issues,they tend to agree one subject: taxes are too high.
A.on
B.to
C.with
D.at
37.His sickness,with terrible weather,has completely ruined this long-expected trip.
bing
bined
C.to combine
D.to be combined
38.After seemed to be an endless wait,it was finally his turn to have the interview.
A.that
B.when
C.what
D.which
39.The demand made by the workers is that their salaries to cover the increased cost of living.
A.increased
B.be increased
C.be increasing
D.were increased
40.He is,by far,and will be for a time,the best basketball player in the history of the game.
ing
B.to come
C.to have come
D.to be coming
41.When we arrived at the airport,we were told our flight.
A.cancelled
B.had cancelled
C.has been cancelled
D.had been cancelled
42.After careful investigation we find that one of the statements to be untrue.
A.is turned out
B.have been turned out
C.has turned out
D.have turned out
43.Without the sun’s light the earth’s surface,no life could exist on the earth.
A.warms
B.warmed
C.warming
D.to warm
44.How close parents are to their children a strong influence on the character of their children.
A.have
B.has
C.having
D.had
45.It is high time that the international community together to fight against terrorism.
A.work
B.works
C.worked
D.working
PartⅢIdentification(10%)
Directions:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D. Identify the one that is not correct.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 46.Neither John and his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.
Under we shall the we have
A B C D
52.If you had come to the party last night,you have known the fact.
A B C D
The next morning my brother and me did for a walk
A B C D
Part IV Cloze(10%)
Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage,and for each blank there are4choices marked A,B,C and D at the end of the passage.You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Animals have been kept as pets by people in all parts of the world for thousands of years.The most56pets are dogs,cats,birds and fish.But many people57unusual pets,58 snakes,crocodiles and monkeys.Many Japanese children59mice and teach60to dance 61music.The people of India62pets of snakes.
Pets can make interesting,playful63.People enjoy teaching them to do64and to 65commands.Pets owners often66their pet to be a member of the family.Many children spend more time with their pets than they do with adults.67caring for pets,children learn responsibility.They must68that their pets have food,exercise,and a proper place to live in. Most children like69to and even telling secrets to their pets.
Pets also can70to a person's general well-being.Research shows that71with animals can improve a person's morale,and that the presence of pets can lower72blood pressure.Many people look and feel more relaxed73with their pets.Many people living 74in nursing homes or in hospitals enjoy community programs that bring pets to visit.Today, many such institutions keep cats,birds,fish and other pets for their75.
56.［A］ordinary［B］familiar［C］usual［D］common
57.［A］take［B］keep［C］adopt［D］feed
58.［A］such as［B］like［C］example［D］for instance
59.［A］training［B］calm［C］tame［D］domesticated
60.［A］them［B］it［C］that［D］what
61.［A］for［B］after［C］with［D］go
62.［A］keep［B］bring［C］let［D］make
63.［A］company［B］camp［C］colony［D］companions
64.［A］games［B］tricks［C］play［D］the game
65.［A］obey［B］comply［C］submit［D］carry
66.［A］consider［B］reflect［C］think［D］bear in mind
67.［A］Through［B］With［C］By［D］Without
68.［A］think［B］sure［C］see［D］assure
69.［A］chatting［B］talking［C］discussing［D］expressing
70.［A］promote［B］supply［C］donate［D］contribute
71.［A］is［B］is being［C］being［D］are
72.［A］its［B］someone's［C］their［D］one's
73.［A］during［B］by［C］at the time［D］while
74.［A］alone［B］lonely［C］aloneness［D］assisted
75.［A］tenants［B］residents［C］citizens［D］residency
PartⅤTranslation(20%)
Section A
Directions:In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese.These sentences are all taken from the3passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension.You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context.
76.In the ancient world,as in today,most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another.
77.Nearly every civilization had dolls,little weapons,toy soldiers,tiny animals and vehicles.
78.But when he swung the plane around and headed directly for the lights,they vanished.
79.The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy.
80.A computer cannot remember who used it,it simply does what it is told.
Section B
Directions:In this part there are five sentences in Chinese.You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.
81.我们的城市发生了很大的变化。

82.我们要充分利用我们现有的资源。

83.天太冷了，不能去游泳。

84.下次你应该早点儿来这儿。

85.这从前曾经有很多大树。

参考答案及解析
第一部分阅读理解
1.A【解析】选项A是本问题的根本原因，而选项B只是选项A的结果；选项C，D在文中未曾提及。

2.D【解析】文中第三段提到，在埃及、中国等国，一般来说都有同类的玩具出现，这是“玩具的一致性”的一个方面。

3.B【解析】参见文中第三段第一句话。

4.C【解析】第四段第一句话明确指出“玩具并不完全取决于技术的飞跃”。

5.D【解析】见文中最后一句话，举拨浪鼓的例子是为了说明即使最简单的玩具也能反映出它所处的时代的艺术品味。

6.C【解析】本文介绍了一种理论，该理论认为大气层中的桔色灯是一种空间生物。

7.D【解析】文中第二段第一句话提到Nash有可能是看到这种桔色灯的第一人，他的这次经历发生在二战期间。

8.B【解析】参见第二段最后一句话。

9.C【解析】参见第三段第三句话，这种生物下降到较低的层面是为了寻找饭食”。

10.A【解析】根据第二段第五句可以看出，空间动物具有极强的适应性。

11.A【解析】本文主要是关于计算机犯罪的。

12.A【解析】参见文中第一段的“their transactions are‘untouched by human hands’and therefore safe from human temptation”。

13.D【解析】参见文中第二段的“No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another”。

14.B【解析】她被“fired”了，fire意为“解雇”。

15.B【解析】参见文中最后一段的“there is more crime out there than we are catching...a computer works”。

第二部分词汇与语法
16.C【解析】本题考察冠词的应用。

knock…off the price特指原价原价基础上的“减价”，the price即指所购物品的原价。

17.A【解析】本题考查分词结构作定语。

本句变为定语从句应为“The manager，who knew his factor’s products were poor in quality."”。

The manager与know之间应为主动关系，定语从句变为短语结构应把动词改为现在分词knowing。

故选A。

18.B【解析】本题考查词义辨析abroad是副词，指“往国外，海外”。

aboard是副词或介词，指“在船(飞机/车）上或上船”。

above指“在上面”。

absorb指“吸收，吸引”。

本句意为:玛丽从来没有坐过船。

故选B。

19.B【解析】本题考查词语辨析。

adequate指“足够的，适当的”。

absolute指“绝对的”。

private 指“私人的，私有的”。

practical指“实际的，实用的”。

本句意为：事实上，任何国家都没有绝对的自由。

故本句应选B。

20.D【解析】本题考查词义辨析。

connect指“连接，联合”。

flat指“使变平”。

fill指“装，填充”。

concentrate指“集中（注意力），浓缩”，常与on连用，表示集中精神/注意力。

本句意为：开车时驾驶员的注意力要集中在路上。

故选D。

21.C【解析】本题考查非谓语动词作主语的用法。

动词作主语，必须改为非谓语动词的形式，可用动名词或不定式。

选项A、B构成分词短语，选项D构成介词短语，均不能充当主语。

本句意为：在阳光下晒太长时间对人的皮肤有坏处。

expose与one’s skin是动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动式being exposed，故选C。

22.C【解析】本题考查词组搭配。

have an appetite for表7K“喜欢，爱好”，是固定搭配。

appendix 指“附录”。

appeal作名词时指“请求，上诉”。

applause指“鼓掌欢迎”，常用于give sb.applause for表示“称赞某人的.，因.而夸奖某人”。

根据句意，应取“喜欢”之意，故选C。

23.B【解析】本题考查动词形式的一致性。

本句考查的动词是在介词by后，应接动词的动名词形式，另外用and连接两个并列成分的非谓语动词，形式要一致。

故选B。

24.C【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。

根据主句的虚拟时态，这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式，故从句用had+动词完成时。

在条件从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have，可把if省略掉，但要把助动词、情态动词、be动词或have放在主语前面，其他照序，故选C。

若if省略，则将助动词had置于句首，否定形式中的否定词置后。

25.B【解析】本题考查倒装句型。

句首状语若以“only+从句”，“only+副词”，“only+介词短语”构成，则部分倒装。

26.C【解析】某些动词后的宾语从句中要求用虚拟语气结构，用来表示建议、命令、要求等，其形式为should+v。

27.A【解析】desire后引导的从句结构可用“主+(Should)+v.(原形）”结构，故选A。

28.A【解析】根据句意，他早上没睡与事实相反，故要用could+have+p.p，表不对过去的虚拟。

29.C【解析】have sb.do sth.让某人做某事。

30.B【解析】request引导的句子，后面从句的结构应用that+主+(should)+be结构，否定在be前面加not。

故选B。

31.B【解析】对过去应做但没做的事情可使用should be结构,should可省略。

32.D【解析】spend+时间+in sth，所以修饰先行词the hour时不能在which前加介词，故排除A与B，C翻译不通。

故选D。

33.C【解析】过去的过去，在1949年前。

故选C。

34.D【解析】just...when一……就……；是固定搭配，其次此处的吃饭在进门之前就发生了。

所以用过去完成时，故选D。

35.A【解析】本句前半部分有by the end of，所以后面要用将来完成时。

36.A【解析】本题考点是agree后面的介词。

“agree”常与with和on两个介词连用;与某个人意见一致用with,大家在一件事情上意见一致用on,因此A是答案。

37.B【解析】combine表达“一个事物和另一个事物联合起来”，通常用主动语态,只有表达“多个事物联合起来”时才有不及物的用法。

本题是前者,因此可排除表主动的选项A和C。

选项D是不定式，因含将要发生的意义,不合题意。

因此bined是答案。

38.C【解析】分析后可看出，空格后的小句需要一个主语,且能兼任关系代词从而引导一个名词从句。

when不能作主语，可先行排除;that可作主语，但不能同时兼任关系代词，即that 引导的句子不能搁在after的后面;which也可以作主语，但意思不通。

只有what可以兼二任，因此是答案。

what用于名词从句的意思是the thing which/that，类似情形如能通过这一解释，往往就可做好。

39.B【解析】本题考的是要求、命令、建议等后面的同位语从句中用虚拟语气的情况，也考进对increase的用法。

在这些同位语从句中，动词用原形，如be。

选项A和D可先行排除。

此外,“工资增加”的意义是被动的,选项C可以排除，因此B.be increased是答案。

40.B【解析】表达“将来的某一时段”，英语用for a time to come。

不定式往往指向未来。

本题需要的是简单的不定式，选项A可排除，选项C表完成,也可排除。

选项D有“正在到来”的含义，没必要。

因此B是答案。

41.D【解析】在描述或报道过去的事情时,有时需要向前追溯，即讲述“过去的过去”，这时就要用过去完成时。

句中“我们的航班（our flight)被取消”发生在“被告知”（were told)之前，因此要用过去完成时,因此选项D是答案。

42.C【解析】we find(“我们发现”）后的从句后面需要一个表达“结果显现”(turn out)的谓语。

“结果显现”是一个过程,现在“结果”有了，过程结束，应该用现在完成时表述过程和结果与“现在”的关联，因此C是答案。

43.C【解析】本题的考的是介词后带主语的动名词短语。

前半句without短语设想一种情景，主句表示这种情景下的结果。

全句的意思是“没有阳光温暖地球的表面,没有生命能在地球上存活。

”答案是选项C.warming。

44.B【解析】本题考的是how作为关系副词的用法。

考生如知道空格前How引导的小句是全句的主语，就可确定需用单数的动词has,因此选项B是答案。

全句的意思是“父母与孩子有多亲密对孩子性格（的形成)有很大的影响。

”how在本句中修饰形容词close。

45.C【解析】本题是语法题,考查一种特殊的句型It is(high)time that…。

英语中把“是该做……的时候了”看作是一种假设，that从句中使用过去时的动词。

因此C.worked是答案。

第三部分挑错
46.A【解析】答案为A.neither…nor…既不…也不…，是固定搭配。

47.C【解析】答案为which.应该改为what.About后面的是一个宾语从句，引导词不用which。

48.B【解析】答案为were，改为was.A good pair of glasses做主语，动词应为单数，和pair 呼应。

49.C【解析】答案为have difficulty，应改为have had difficulty.因为ever since引导句子的时候，从句用过去时，主句要用现在完成时。

50.C【解析】答案为to enjoy,应改为：enjoy.因为enjoy和return并列，都跟在had better后面，要用动词的原形。

51.B【解析】答案为B,应改为shall we.因为前面是否定词组under no circumstances放在句首，后面的主谓要倒装。

52.C【解析】have known应改为would have known，因为根据前半句的意思得知这是对过去事情的虚拟，所以后半句的形式应改为would have known.
53.D【解析】此句中nothing是错的。

前半句还在夸历史学教授知识渊博，到了后半句突然变得不学无术了。

nothing应改成anything.
54.D【解析】没有enjoy to do这种用法，应该是enjoy doing，所以答案选择D，把to meet改为meeting.
55.B【解析】在my brother and me did这个宾语从句中，my brother and me是做主语，me不能用宾格形式，应该改为my brother and I，答案选择B。

第四部分完形填空
56.C【解析】ordinary意为“正常的”；familiar意为“熟悉的”；common意为“普通的，常见的”;usual意为“常见的”，后面有unusual pets与之对应，故选C。

57.B【解析】take没有“饲养”的意思；keep在这里意为“喂养”；adopt意为“采用，收养”；feed 常为短暂性动词。

只有B最符合题意，故选B。

58.A【解析】such as意为“例如”；介词like意为“像…一样”；example意为“例子”；for instance 等同于for example。

59.C【解析】tame在此是动词，意为“驯养”。

文中说驯养老鼠使之随着音乐跳舞。

60.A【解析】mice是mouse(老鼠)的复数形式。

61.C【解析】dance with意为“随着…而跳舞”。

62.A【解析】keep pets of snakes意为“把蛇作为宠物来饲养”。

63.D【解析】company当“朋友时为伴侣”讲时是不可数名词；camp意为“野营”；colony意为“殖民地”；companion指“朋友”时为可数名词。

64.A【解析】do games意为“做游戏”。

65.A【解析】“服从命令”常用obey commands来表示。

66.A【解析】consider...to be...为固定搭配，意为“把…当成…”。

67.C【解析】by意为“通过…的方式”。

68.D【解析】assure意为“确保，保证”。

69.B【解析】chatting意为“谈天”，常与with搭配，只有talk(与…对话)最符合题意。

70.D【解析】contribute to为固定搭配，意为“有助于”。

71.C【解析】介词短语being with animals做主语，应用be的动名词形式。

72.D【解析】前面有improve a person's morale。

73.D【解析】本句为省略句，while为连词，意为“当…的时候”，后面省略了they are。

74.A【解析】alone意为“单独地”；lonely意为“孤独的，荒凉的”；C，D不合题意。

75.B【解析】文中的such institutions对应nursing homes or hospitals，只有residents最符合题意。

第五部分翻译
76.在古代，就像今天一样，大多数男孩玩某种玩具，而大多数女孩玩另一种。

77.几乎每个文明都有玩具娃娃、小武器、玩具士兵、小动物和汽车。

78.但是，当他操作好飞机，直奔灯光而去时，他们就消失了。

79.太空生物被这些能源所吸引。

80.电脑不记得是谁用它的，它只是按照别人的指令的去做。

81.Great changes have taken place in our city.
82.We must make good use of the resources we have now.
83.It’s too cold to go swimming.
84.Next time,you should come here earlier.
85.There used to be a lot of big trees here.。