八年级下第一次月考试题
2024年济南八年级下学期语文第一次月考试卷(3月份)(含答案)
八年级下学期语文月考试题(2024.03)(满分150分时间:120分钟)一.语言运用(16分)阅读下面语段,完成下面小题。
汉字,是中华先民的肌肤,温润丰盈;是中华文化的血脉,温馨情浓;是中华文明的河流,磅.磷浑厚。
眺望千古江流,邀远的繁华也好,萧瑟的春秋也罢,它们早已随着滔滔的江水向东逝去,唯有汉字里始终珍藏着星火(liáo yuán ) 的奋进、坚韧不拔的意志,还有丰富深邃的(rén qínɡshìɡù).....令人叹为观止。
汉字,永远屹.立于中华儿女的灵魂深处。
汉字,是祖先留给我们的幸运礼物,也是民族文化经过重重劫难.后留下来的宝贵薪火。
即使人类已经步入电子时代,科学技术日新月异,新的发明不断(yǒnɡxiàn ) ,依然发挥着不可或缺的作用。
在世界四大文明古国中,为什么只有中国永不衰竭?就是因为中华民族有悠久深邃的汉字承载,有儒道思想和龙的精神:"白强不息""厚德载.物"国的新时代拉开(wéi mù)1.下面加点字的注音完全正确的一项()(3分)A.磅.礴(pánɡ)屹.立(yì)劫.难(nàn)厚德载.物(zài)B.磅.礴(bánɡ)屹.立(qì)劫.难(nán)厚德载.物(zài)C.磅.礴(pánɡ)屹.立(yì)劫.难(nàn)厚德载.物(zǎi)D.磅.礴(bánɡ)屹.立(qì)劫.难(nán)厚德载.物(zǎi)2.在上面语段中依次填入横线上的词语,书写完全正确的一项是()(3分)A.燎原人情事故踊现帷幕B.缭原人情世故涌现维幕C.燎原人情世故涌现帷幕D.燎原人情事故踊现维幕3.下列加点成语使用恰当的一项是()(3分)A.初夏的济南将会柳绿荷红、草长莺飞....。
杭州市八年级下学期第一次月考英语试题与答案
杭州市八年级下学期第一次月考英语试题(本卷满分120分)第I卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答卷上。
第一节听短对话,回答问题(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which part did Cindy hurt?A. Her leg.B. Her arm.C. Her foot.2. Why did Jane drink lots of water?A. Because she liked it.B. Because she had a cold.C. Because she had a fever.3. What can Gina do?A. Help the old people.B. Help sick children.C. Help sick animals.4. What did the old people tell Jane?A. Some interesting stories.B. How things used to be.C. What they used to do.5. Why can’t the boy stay out late?A. Because he has much homework.B. Because he has to make his bed.C. Because he has a test tomorrow.第二节听长对话和独白,回答问题(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)听下面2段对话和1段独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
最新人教版八年级物理下册第一次月考试题及答案
人教版八年级物理下册第一次月考试题一、单项选择题(每小题3分,共21分)1.下列物品中,重约为1N的是()A. 一枚壹圆硬币B. 二只鸡蛋C. 三枚回形针D. 四张实验桌2.下图所示的实例中,为了减小摩擦的是()A. 旱冰鞋上的滑轮B. 运动鞋底上的花纹C. 浴室脚垫上的颗粒D. 雪天轮胎上绕的链条3.如图所示,一桌子静止在水平地面上,水平桌面上静止放一排球,下述的两个力是平衡力的是()A. 桌子的重力和排球对桌面的压力B. 排球的重力和地面对桌子的支持力C. 桌子的重力和地面对桌子的支持力D. 排球的重力和桌面对排球的支持力4.如图小车连杆顶端用细线悬挂一小球M,小车连同小球M沿着斜面匀速向下做直线运动,在忽略空气阻力时,小球M的情景是图中的()A. B. C. D. 5.图所示,弹簧秤和细线的重力及一切摩擦不计,物重G= 1N,则弹簧秤A和B的示数分别为()A. 1 N,0B. 0,1NC. 2N,1ND. 1N,1N二、填空题(每空1分,共23)6.小亮参加立定跳远考试,起跳时他用力向后蹬地,就能向前运动,一是利用了物体间力的作用是________ ,二是利用了力可以改变物体的________ 。
用力捏一下空易拉罐,易拉罐变扁了,这说明力可以使物体发生________。
7.如图所示弹簧测力计的量程是________,它的读数是________N。
物体在太空里处于失重状态,在太空里,________(选填“能”或“不能”)使用弹簧测力计测量拉力的。
8.一头质量为6×103kg的大象,每只脚掌面积为600cm2 ,它四脚着地时对地面的压强为________Pa(g取10N/kg)。
若大象抬起一条腿,它对地面的压力________,压强________(两空均选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”)。
9.小柯做了如图所示的“魔力转椅”实验.他坐在普通转椅上用力扇扇子,椅子不转;在普通转椅的立柱和底座金属筒之间装上滚动轴承和钢珠后,用力扇扇子,“魔力转椅”随即转动.“魔力转椅”是采用________的方法减小摩擦力的;扇子能扇转“魔力转椅”是利用了________原理;转椅的软座垫比硬座垫坐着舒服,是因为________.10.如图所示,物体重5N,当F=10N时,物体能沿竖直墙壁匀速下滑,这时物体受到的摩擦力是________N,方向是________;当F=20N时,物体在墙上静止不动,此时物体受到的摩擦力是________N。
八年级下第一次月考试题--英语(含答案) (7)
八年级下第一次月考试题--英语(含答案)一单选(20分)1. When did your uncle ____ there yesterday?A. arriveB. reachedC. get toD. arrive at2. Nither Tom nor I ____ late for school this morningA. wereB. wasC. isD. am3.When I was walking on the road, I saw some children __ kites.A. fliesB. flyingC. to flyD. fly4.During the Spring Festival the food’s prices usually ___A. riseB. risesC. raiseD. raises5.The moonlight goes ____ the window and makes the room bright.A. acrossB. throughC. overD. in6.The little boy closed the door___-.A. gentlyB. gentleC. carefulD. hardly7. These big animals will die __ a few days ____ enough food water.A. for; withoutB. in; withC. in; withoutD. about; with8.Where can you find ___ beautiful flowers and trees all year round?A. three hundreds ofB. hundreds ofC. three hundreds ofD. hundred of9.There isn’t ____ rain for the plants in the desert.A. manyB. lot ofC. a lotD. plenty of10.we won’t have dinner until my father ___ back.A. will comeB. comesC. cameD. comes11.It is cold at night. So you should ___ your young plants to keep them warm.A. coverB. fillC. carryD.water12.There is no food ____. I need to buy some.A. leaveB. to leaveC. leftD. leaving13.—Is the wine made ___ grapes?---yes . it is made __ France?A. of; inB. from;inC. from;byD. of;as14. There is a bird ___ the tree eating the fruit __ it.A. on;onB.in;inC. in;onD. on;in15. New shirt is the same _____ mine.A. toB. withC. asD. for16. My bike is made in Shanghai. _____A. So your bike isB. Your bike is soC. So is your bikeD. So your is bike17.Liu Mei runs as ____ as her friend.A. quickB. quickerC. fastD. faster18.The story is ___ . I want to read it once more.A. interested enoughB. enough interestedC. interesting enoughD. enough interesting19. We are ____ the news.A. surprising atB. surprising inC. surprised atD. surprised in19. ___ with Jenny made me happy.A. GardenB. GardensC. GardeningD. Gardened20._____ great picture! Who painted it?A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a二.完型填空(10分).Tom grows the nicest fruit and vegetables and the most beautiful flowers in the village. Plants grow in Tom's garden all through the21___ and they are much 22___.Tom cuts some flowers for his sitting room table, and eats some fruit and vegetables,but he 23___most of them in the market. His vegetables,fruit andflowers are so 24___ and beautiful that they sold much more 25___ in the market than those of other villagers.How does Tom grow these beautiful things? He is so 26 ____ that he just sits under his orange tree with his radio.He27___ music all day.That is quite true. Tom28 ____ summer,autumn and winter.After that he sits with his radio. And everything29___ . It is the music that does the work. Tom knows more clearly that musicmakes the biggest vegetables and the most beautifulfowers. Plants love 30__ as much as people.21. A.week B.month C.season D.year22. A.better B.worseint C.less ter23.A.buys B.sells C.lends D.borrows24.A.dear B.bad C.big D.small25.A.politely B.quickly C.slowly D.carefully26. A,angry B.busy C.tired DLlazy27.Alistens to B.hears C.watches D.speaks28.A.fills B,plants C.throws D,make29.A.does B.moves C.grows D.plays30.A.work B.rain C.stories D.musicAOnce upon a time,there was a poor farmer.He had a friend who was famous for the wonderful apples he grew.One day,the friend gave the farmer a young apple tree.| The farmer was glad to get the gift,"He thought over and over because he needed a secretplace to plant the young tree.Finally he planted it inhis wood where no one could see it.He took goodcare of it,but without sunlight and good soil,the tree soon died .Later the friend asked the farmer why he hadplanted the tree in such a poor place."What's the difference?”the farmer said angrily."If I had plantedthe tree near the road,strangers would have stolenthe fruit.IfI had planted the tree in one of my fields, my neighbours would have come at night and stolensome of the apples.IfI had planted it near my house,my own children would havetaken the fruit.“Yes," said the friend,"but at least someonecould have enjoyed the fruit.Now you not onlyhaven't got anything,but also have destroyed a good apple tree !”31.The farmer got the young apple tree from___A. another poor farmerB. a man who grew wonderful applesC.a strangerD.his neighbours' friend32.The farmer planted the tree in a secret placebecause____A. he wanted to make the young tree dieB. he didn't want others to share the beauty of the treeC.he didn't want others to share the fruit together with himD.he thought the wood could help the young tree grow better33.Why did the apple tree die soon?A.Because somebody else protected it.B.Because the farmer didn't look after it.C. Because the tree was too small to live.D.Because there wasn't sunlight and good soil.34. What does the underlined word"destroyed" mean?A,毁掉 B.照顾C.栽种 D.砍伐35.Which of the following is NOT TRUE accordingto the passage?A.The farmer' s friend could grow apples well.B.The farmer's friend was unhappy when he knew what happened.C.If the farmer had planted tree near his house, his children would have taken the fruit.D.No matter where the farmer planted the tree , he couldn' t have chance to enjoy the fruit.BLondon is the capital of England.England is an island country.London is in the southeast of England. It's such a wonderful city.It is very large.The Thames River runs through the city from west toeast,y The city has two parts: the South and the North. In the Norh there are imporant buldins, shops,big parks and interesting places.The weather in London is god.In spring,thedas ane very long and it is ofen windy But it often rains.When summer comes,it is not too hot.It's very cool. It's very comfortable for people to go for a walk. In winter it is not very cold.Sometimes it rains and sometimes it snows heavily,and it also has fog and frost.The two worst months in England are January and February.In summer it is not very hot because the city is near the sea.People say that London is a foggy city and it often rains,because the west wind often blows over England to make it rain all the year.People often take raincoats with them when they go out.It is true.36.The capital of England isA.WashingtonB.ParisC.LondonD.MOSCOW37.___ is in London.A.The Mississippi RiverB.The Amazon RiverC.The Thames RiverD.The Seine River38 .The weather is very __ in summer in London.A.warmB.hotC.coldD.cool39 .London is called the city of_A.rainB.snown C,wind D.fog40.It often____ in London according to the pssage.A.rainsB.snowsC.rainyD.windyCI have never forgotten the experience of babyitting my cousin Simon.That was the first timeI was a babysitter. But it made me very embarrassed. Three years ago,I was a high school student. After my hockey practice,I went to babysit my three-year-old cousin Simon.After my aunt told me how to look after a kid,she left.At that time,Simon was sitting at the dining table and drawing something.To take good care of him,I sat opposite him.Then I started playing games on my phone.I didn't realize there was a small piece of cookie on my chair. But my aunt's pet dog could smell it. Soon the dog came under the table and tried eating the cookie,but it only pushed the cookie deeper into my crotch( 裤裆). The dog became more aggressive( 好斗的). It triedpushing its head away,but it didn't work at all. Simon saw what happened and he laughed happily. Then he began to draw a picture of me and the dog! You can't imagine how embarrassedI was! Was this the worst babysitting experience?41.How old is Simon now?A.6 years old.B.8 years old.C.10 years old.D.12 years old.42.Where did the story happen?A.In the bedroom.B.In the bathroom.C.In the hall.D.In the dining room.43.What was on the writer'schair?A .cookie. B.Fish. C. A donut D.Beef.44.When Simon saw what happened to his cousin,what did he do?A.He caught the dog.B.He helped his cousin.C.He laughed happilyD.He walked away.45.What did the writer think of his experience of being a babyitter?A.Tiring.B.Wonderful.C.Embarrassing.D.Boring.四. 任务型阅读There are lots of great outdoor activities foryou when spring comes.Let's take a look at the list below.Go for a walk through your neighbourhood –in spring,everything is green and blooming.A good way toenjoyitis to take a walk around the block,and your dog will love you more for the time outside.Go for a bike ride- Cycling is great exercise that gives you a way to get around.Ride your bike to your favourite restaurant for lunch,and then cycle around for a leisurely( 悠闲的) afternoon.Visit a farm- Lots of local farms have Farm Days when you and your family can explore the farm, watch the animals and learn about local agriculture(农业).Sit out in the sun- Sometimes there is nothing better than sitting outside with a cup of hot tea. It is enjoyable, isn't it?46题完成句子; 47、48题简略回答问题; 49题找出并写下全文的主题句; 50题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
人教版2021-2022学年八年级数学下册第一次月考测试题(附答案)
2021-2022学年八年级数学下册第一次月考测试题(附答案)一、选择题(共30分)1.下列二次根式中是最简二次根式的是()A.B.C.D.2.下列计算正确的是()A.4•=4B.5•5=5C.4•2=6D.4•=4 3.若代数式在实数范围内有意义,则x的取值范围是()A.x<3B.x≤3C.x>3D.x≥34.若的整数部分为x,小数部分为y,则的值是()A.B.C.1D.35.如图,已知点E在正方形ABCD内,满足∠AEB=90°,AE=6,BE=8,则阴影部分的面积是()A.48B.60C.76D.806.如图,在△ABC中,AB=AC,AD是BC边上的高.已知AB=5,BC=8,则AD的长为()A.6B.5C.4D.37.如图,四边形ABCD是矩形,BC=1,则点M表示的数是()A.2B.C.D.8.已知△ABC的三边分别长为a、b、c,且满足(a﹣17)2+|b﹣15|+c2﹣16c+64=0,则△ABC是()A.以a为斜边的直角三角形B.以b为斜边的直角三角形C.以c为斜边的直角三角形D.不是直角三角形9.若直角三角形的两条直角边各扩大一倍,则斜边()A.不变B.扩大一倍C.扩大两倍D.扩大四倍10.如图,已知1号,4号两个正方形的面积和为7,2号,3号两个正方形的面积和为4,则a,b,c三个方形的面积和为()A.10B.13C.15D.22二、填空题(共24分)11.在,,中与可以合并的二次根式是.12.已知直角三角形的两边长为3、2,则另一条边长是.13.如果=1﹣2a,则a的取值范围是.14.如图,在△ABC中,AB=5,AC=13,BC边上的中线AD=6,则△ABD的面积是.15.如图,一只蚂蚁从长、宽都是6,高是16的长方体纸箱的A点沿纸箱爬到B点,那么它所爬行的最短路线的长为.16.如图,四边形ABCD的对角线AC与BD互相垂直,若AB=3,BC=4,CD=5,则AD 的长为.三、解答题(共66分)17.计算:(1);(2).18.分别在以下网格中画出图形.(1)在网格中画出一个腰长为,面积为3的等腰三角形.(2)在网格中画出一个腰长为的等腰直角三角形.19.先化简,后求值:÷(1﹣),其中x=2+1.20.如图,Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AD平分∠CAB,DE⊥AB于E,若AC=6,BC=8,CD=3.(1)求DE的长;(2)求△ADB的面积.21.已知x=2+,y=2﹣,求下列各式的值:(1)x2+xy+y2;(2).22.[阅读材料]我国南宋时期数学家秦九韶曾提出利用三角形的三边求面积的公式,为三角形和多边形的面积计算提供了新的方法和思路,在知道三角形三边的长而不知道高的情况下使用秦九韶公式可以更简便地求出面积,比如说在测量土地的面积的时候,不用测三角形的高,只需测两点间的距离,就可以方便地求出答案,即三角形的三边长分别为a、b、c,则其面积S=(秦九韶公式),此公式与古希腊几何学家海伦提出的公式如出一辙,即三角形的三边长分别为a、b、c,记p=,则其面积S =(海伦公式),虽然这两个公式形式上有所不同,但它们本质是等价的,计算各有优劣,它填补了中国数学史中的一个空白,从中可以看出中国古代已经具有很高的数学水平.[解决问题](1)当三角形的三边a=7,b=8,c=9时,请你从上面两个公式里,选择合适的公式计算出三角形的面积.(2)当三角形的三边a=,b=2,c=3时,请你从上面两个公式里,选择合适的公式计算出三角形的面积.23.《九章算术》是古代东方数学代表作,书中记载:今有开门去阃(门槛)一尺,不合四寸,问门广几何?其大意:如图,推开双门(大小相同),双门间隙CD=4寸,点C、点D与门槛AB的距离CE=DF=1尺(1尺=10寸),求AB的长.24.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AC=BC,在Rt△ABD中,∠D=90°,AD与BC 交于点E,且∠DBE=∠DAB.求证:(1)∠CAE=∠DBC;(2)AC2+CE2=4BD2.25.今年第6号台风“烟花”登录我国沿海地区,风力强,累计降雨量大,影响范围大,有极强的破坏力.如图,台风“烟花”中心沿东西方向AB由A向B移动,已知点C为一海港,在A处测得C港在北偏东45°方向上,在B处测得C港在北偏西60°方向上,且AB=(400+400)千米,以台风中心为圆心,周围600千米以内为受影响区域.(1)海港C受台风影响吗?为什么?(2)若台风中心的移动速度为20千米/时,则台风影响该海港持续的时间有多长?(结果保留整数,参考数据≈1.41,≈1.73,≈2.24)参考答案一、选择题(共30分)1.解:A、被开方数含开得尽的因数或因式,故A不符合题意;B、被开方数含开得尽的因数或因式,故B不符合题意;C、被开方数不含分母,被开方数不含开得尽的因数或因式,故C符合题意;D、被开方数含开得尽的因数或因式,故D不符合题意;故选:C.2.解:A、4•=4×3=12,错误;B、5•5=5×5×=25,错误;C、4•2=4×2×=8,错误;D、正确.故选:D.3.解:由题意得,3﹣x≥0,解得,x≤3,故选:B.4.解:∵的整数部分为1,小数部分为﹣1,∴x=1,y=﹣1,∴=﹣(﹣1)=1.故选:C.5.解:∵∠AEB=90°,AE=6,BE=8,∴AB===10,∵四边形ABCD是正方形,∴S正方形ABCD=AB2=102=100,∵S△AEB=AE•BE=×6×8=24,∴S阴影=S正方形ABCD﹣S△AEB=100﹣24=76,∴阴影部分的面积是76,故选:C.6.解:在△ABC中,AB=AC,AD⊥BC,BC=8,则BD=CD=BC=4.在直角△ABD中,AB=5,BD=4,由勾股定理,得AD===3.故选:D.7.解:AC==,AM=AC=,点M表示的数是﹣1.故选:D.8.解:∵(a﹣17)2+|b﹣15|+c2﹣16c+64=0,∴(a﹣17)2+|b﹣15|+(c﹣8)2=0,∴a﹣17=0,b﹣15=0,c﹣8=0,∴a=17,b=15,c=8,∵82+152=172,∴△ABC是以a为斜边的直角三角形;故选:A.9.解:设一直角三角形直角边为a、b,斜边为c,则a2+b2=c2;扩大2倍后,直角三角形直角边为2a、2b,则根据勾股定理知斜边为:=2c.即直角三角形两直角边同时扩大到原来的2倍,则斜边扩大到原来的2倍.故选:C.10.解:利用勾股定理可得S a=S1+S2,S b=S2+S3,S c=S3+S4,∴S a+S b+S c=S a=S1+S2+S2+S3+S3+S4=7+4+4=15.故选:C.二、填空题(共24分)11.解:=2,=2,=3,则与可以合并的二次根式是,故答案为:12.解:①长为2的边是直角边,长为3的边是斜边时:第三边的长为:=;②长为2、3的边都是直角边时:第三边的长为:=,所以第三边的长为:或,故答案为:或.13.解:∵=|2a﹣1|,∴|2a﹣1|=1﹣2a,∴2a﹣1≤0,∴a≤.故答案为a≤.14.解:延长AD到点E,使DE=AD=6,连接CE,∵AD是BC边上的中线,∴BD=CD,在△ABD和△CED中,,∴△ABD≌△ECD(SAS),∴CE=AB=5,∠BAD=∠E,∵AE=2AD=12,CE=5,AC=13,∴CE2+AE2=AC2,∴∠E=90°,∴∠BAD=90°,即△ABD为直角三角形,∴△ABD的面积=AD•AB=15,故答案为:15.AB==2;如图(2)所示:AB==20.由于2>20,所以最短路径为20cm.故答案为:20cm.16.解:在Rt△AOB中,AO2=AB2﹣BO2;Rt△DOC中可得:DO2=DC2﹣CO2;∴可得AD2=AO2+DO2=AB2﹣BO2+DC2﹣CO2=18,即可得AD==3.故答案为:3.三、解答题(共66分)17.解:(1)原式=10﹣6+4=20﹣9+4=15;(2)原式=+﹣2=4+﹣2=4﹣.(2)如图2所示:19.解:原式====,当时,原式==.20.解:(1)∵AD平分∠CAB,DE⊥AB,∠C=90°,∴CD=DE,∵CD=3,∴DE=3;(2)在Rt△ABC中,由勾股定理得:AB===10,∴△ADB的面积为S△ADB=AB•DE=×10×3=15.21.解:∵x=2+,y=2﹣,∴x+y=4,xy=1,∴(1)x2+xy+y2=(x+y)2﹣xy=42﹣1=15;(2)===4.22.解:(1)∵p==12,∴由海伦公式得:S===12;(2)由秦九韶公式得:S====.23.解:设AE=BF=x寸,则AC=(x+2)寸,∵AE2+CE2=AC2,∴x2+102=(x+2)2,解得:x=24,则AB=24+24+4=52(寸),答:AB的长为52寸.24.证明:(1)∵∠ACB=∠D=90°,∴∠CEA+∠CAE=∠BED+∠CBD=90°,∴∠CEA=∠BED,∴∠CAE=∠DBC;(2)延长BD交AC延长线于点F,∵∠DBE=∠DAB,∴∠DAB=∠CAE,在△ADB和△ADF中,,∴△ADB≌△ADF(ASA),∴BD=DF,∴BF=2BD,在△ACE和△BCF中,,∴△ACE≌△BCF(ASA),∴AE=BF,∴AE=2BD,在Rt△ACE中,AC2+CE2=AE2,∴AC2+CE2=(2BD)2=4BD2.25.解:(1)海港C受台风影响,理由:过C作CD⊥AB于D,∴∠ADC=∠BDC=90°,∵∠CAD=45°,∴∠ACD=45°,∴AD=CD,∵∠DBC=30°,∴BD=CD,∵AB=(400+400)千米,∴AB=AD+BD=CD+CD=400+400,∴CD=400千米,∵以台风中心为圆心,周围600千米以内为受影响区域,∴海港C受台风影响;(2)当EC=600km,FC=600km时,正好影响C港口,∵ED==200(km),∴EF=400km,∵台风的速度为20千米/小时,∴400÷20≈45(小时).答:台风影响该海港持续的时间大约为45小时.。
新人教版八年级英语下册第一次月考试题 姓名
新人教版英语八年级下册第一次月考试题姓名一、单项选择:(15分)( )1.Could you please_____ the piano so louldly? Your brother is having a rest now.A.not to playB. not playC. don’t playD. to not play( )9. ---I am not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.----__ _. I have to clean up my bedroom.A. So am IB. Neither am IC.neither I amD. so I am( )6.Would you mind _______ here?----I'm sorryabout that. I'll go somewhere else.A.no smokingB. not smokingC.no smokeD.not smoke( )2.Guo Tao’s son, boy Shi Tou is very helpful in Where’s Father Going?.A. a svven-years-oldB.an eighth-year-oldC. a seven-year-oldD. an eight-years- old( )3.Could you help me put up the maps on the wall?----_______________.A. No problem.B. I hope so.C. That's all right.D. That's a good idea.( )4. You shouldn’t eat food before you see the doctor.A. someB. somethingC. anythingD. any( )5. To my , the square was so clean after the big meeting.A. surprise B surprised C. surprising D. surprises( )6. My brother used to , but now he is helpful to others.A.get troubleB. get into troubleC. getting into troubleD. getting trouble( )7. of them like to sing the song “ Where is the time going?”.A. EachB. EveryoneC. EveryD. Both( )8. He even notices at the supermarket to ask for old bikes.A. put upB.hand outC. open upD. hand up( )9.My sister is very clever. She at the age of four.A. can read by herselfB. could read by herselfC. is able to read by herselfD. was able to read herself( )10. Thank you very much for your birthday party.A.invite me toB. inviting me toC. inviting me forD. invite me at( )11. Can you _______ me your bike?---With pleasure. But you musn’t ____ it to others.A. lend, borrowB.borrow, lendC. lend, lendD. borrow, borrow( )12. kids learn to be independent, it is for their future.A. Earlier; betterB. The earlier; the betterC. The earliest; the bestD. The early; the good( )13.Aron Ralston wrote a book Between a Rock and a Hard PlaceA. calledB. is calledC.was calledD. call( )14.Volunteering our time to help people a good way to our free time.A. be; spendB. are; costC. is; spendD. will; cost( )15. Do you know _______ _ ?---At 8:45 on March 8th,2014.A.what time did the plane from Malaysia to Beijing lose connecting(失联)B. what time the plane from Malaysia to Beijing lose connectingC. what time does the plane from Malaysia to Beijing lose connectingD. what time the plane from Malaysia to Beijing lost connecting二、完型填空.(10分)Do teenagers in small villages __1____at home?_____2___ the teenagers in the big cities? We make a ____3_____last month. We asked 4,000 teenagers in China several questions. Half of them come from big cities ____4____ Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. ____5______are from small villages. We made a diagram of the result of our survey. Let's _____6_______ it.We found out that teenagers in small villages do ___7_____chores than those in big cities. Maybe it is____8_____ they live a harder life. We should give our _____9___ to parents in big cities. We think parents should give their children some chores ____10_____because it's a good chance for teenagers to learn how to take care of themselves.( )16.A. do the dishes B.make the bed C.fold the clothes D.do chores( )17.A.How B.What C.What about D.How often( )18. A.plan B.survey C.program D.reciepe( )19 A.like B.as C.of D.from( )20.The other B.The others C.Another D.others( )21.A.look at B.have a look C.look for D.look up( )22.A.much B.many C.more D.most( )23.A. advice B.advices C.resolution D.resolutions( )24. A.everything B.anybody C.nothing D.anything( )25. A.do B.make C.todo D.to make三、阅读理解(40分) ABruce and his other two friends, Bruno and Dick lived in the same city in England. They were free in their summer holiday. So they came to a village by a large lake. They liked fishing very much. Then the next day after they got there, they got to a boat and went fishing in the lake. They boated farther and farther. They came to an out-of-way place. They were very happy because there were a lot of fish. When it was time for them to go home, Bruce said to his friends: “We’d better make a mark here so that we will easily find the place tomorrow.”“You’re right.” Bruno said happily .“Let me do that.”“How foolish,” said Bruce. “If it rains tonight, the rain wate r will wash the line off, and how can we find the mark tomorrow. You must cut a line with your knife.”Dick came up to them and said angrily. “ Neither of you is clever. How can we find the place if we have another boat tomorrow? We should not go back toni ght.”( )26. The three boys _______.A. were all too young to go to school . B . came from the cityC. were from the workers familiesD. liked eating fish very much( )27. The boys wanted to go to the place again tomorrow because ______A. it was a good placeB. they got a lot of fish thereC. there was a mark on the side of the boatD. they were good at fishing( )28. Bruno was ready to(准备) make a mark because _______A. he was older than his friendsB. he had a pencil in his handC .he was the cleverest of the threeD . he had the same idea as Bruce’s( )29. The line they drew was not _______A. thickB. uselessC. easyD. useful( )30. They should make a mark ______A. thicker and color it redB. on the fishC. in the lakeD. on every boat(B)Have you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot, and there are pains all over your body. You don’t want to work, you stay in bed, feeling very sad.What makes us ill? It is germs (细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope. They are very very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.Germs aren’t found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut (割开处), some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.( )31. Which of the following is true?A. If things are very very small, they are germs.B. If things can’t be seen, they must be germs.C. Germs are only in dirty water.D. Germs are everywhere around us.( )32. What is a microscope used for?A. Making very very small things look much bigger.B. Making very big things look much smaller.C. Helping you read some newspapers.D. Helping you if you can’t see things clearly.( )33. Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water?A. You haven’t looked at it carefully.B. Water can’t be drunk in this way.C. There must be lots of germs in it.D. Water will make you ill.( )34. Which of the following is not true?A. Germs can be found both in water and in the air.B. Germs can go into your finger if it is cut.C. If your temperature is not OK, there must be germs in your body.D. If your finger isn’t cut, there aren’t any germs on it.( )35. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Germs may make us ill.B. Germs are in dirty water.C. Don’t drink dirty water.D. Take care of your fingers.CAmericans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van(住房汽车).A small car can hold four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded(拥挤).A van can hold seven persons easily, so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all travel together.Mr. Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and buy a van. Their children are usually asked to sit in the back seats behind them. The sixth and the seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family offive must carry many suitcase(箱子) when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents’ home, the suitcases are brought into the home and the two seats can then carry the grandparents.Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor home.( )36. From the passage, a van is also called ________.A. a motor carB. a motor homeC. a motorbikeD. a big truck( )37. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they ________.A. sold their old houseB. moved to their grandparents’ houseC. built a new place for a vanD. sold their second car( )38. A motor home is usually owned by a family with _______.A. a babyB. much moneyC. more than two childrenD. interest in van( )39. Americans usually use motor homes_________.A. to travel with all the family members on holiday.B. to do some shopping with all the family membersC. to visit their grandparents at weekends.D. To drive their children to school every day.( )40. Motor homes have become popular because_______.A. they can take people to another city when people are free.B. They can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidaysC. Some people think that motor homes are cheap.D. Big families can put more things in motor homes.DIn China ,more and more middle school students are getting shorter sleeping time than before. 41. _________ because they have much homework to do. Some homework is given by their teachers and some by their parents. Also,42_________.They are not careful enough while they do their homework, 43_________.Some students spend too much time watching TV or playing computer games. They stay up very late. Some student have to get up early every morning on weekdays to get to school on time by bus or by bike. 44. _________.Schools and parents should cut down some of the homework so that children can enjoy more than nine hours of sleep every night for their health. For children, we should make best use of our time. 45._________,we will find it much better for both our study and health.A. Some homework is too difficultB. Most students sleep less than nine hours every night.C. When we have enough time for sleepingD. It can be a long way from home to schoolE. so it takes them a lot of timeF. s ome students don’t know how to save time.G. Some students like to stay up late41. ________ 42. _______ 43. ________44. _________45. ________五、词语运用(10小题,每小题1分,共10分)阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。
最新人教版八年级地理下册第一次月考试题及参考答案
八年级地理下册第一次月考试题一、单项选择题(每小题3分,共60分)1.我国的某山脉,山北以旱地为主,山南以水田为主,山北的耕作制度是两年三熟,山南是一年两熟,这条山脉是()A.天山B.阴山C.秦岭D.南岭2.我国地大物博,分为四大区域,对四大区域的有关叙述正确的是()A.甲区域与两个国家接壤B.乙区域大部分地区农作物一年一熟C.丙区域位于地势的第一级阶梯D.丁区域是亚洲许多大河的发源地3.地理位置分为绝对位置和相对位置,下列关于区域地理位置特点的描述,错误的是()A.香港特别行政区位于珠江口的东侧,毗邻广东省的深圳市B.北京市位于中纬度,北温带,东临渤海,西倚太行山C.台湾省四面临海,位于低纬度D.新疆维吾尔自治区深居内陆,是我国陆上邻国最多的省级行政区域单位4.某中学小明、小睿、小玲、小芳四位同学学习了“四大地理区域”后,他们各自谈了学习体会,你认为他们哪位说的是错误的?()A.划分秦岭﹣淮河线是以气候为主导因素来划分的B.划分秦岭﹣淮河线是以年降水量划分的C.西北地区和北方地区界线是以季风为主导因素划分的D.青藏地区与其他三大地理区域界线的主导因素是地形5.小明与小晨在QQ上聊起我国各地的风土人情,其中错误的描述是()A.天山南北龙舟竞赛真热闹B.内蒙古那达慕大会场面大C.拉萨藏民敬献哈达迎宾客D.哈尔滨冰雕世界巧夺天工6.读我国主要种植业区及四大地理区域分布图,叙述正确的是()A.种植业区与非种植业区的界线大致与800毫米年等降水量线一致B.从干湿状况看,我国种植业区主要分布在湿润地区和半湿润地区C.我国的林业、畜牧业主要分布在②、③地区D.④地区主要种植水稻、棉花、苹果7.受地理环境的影响,我国南、北方地区形成了具有地域特色的人文风情,有关这种地域差异的描述,不符合实际情况的是()A.民间体育﹣﹣南赛马北滑雪B.饮食习惯﹣﹣南米北面C.民居风格﹣﹣南尖顶北平顶D.传统交通﹣﹣南船北马8.广西壮族自治区属于哪种类型的地理区域()A.自然区域B.经济特区C.行政区D.农业区9.如图的山脉是秦岭,下列说法错误的是()A.山脉与我国1月份0℃等温线分布大致一致B.山脉与我国400mm等降水量线分布大致一致C.山脉以南是亚热带,以北是暖温带D.山脉以南是湿润地区,以北是半湿润地区10.在我国,下列活动与地区搭配不正确的是()A.北方地区﹣﹣滑冰B.南方﹣﹣游泳C.西北地区﹣﹣赛龙舟D.青藏地区﹣﹣赛牦牛11.关于图中省区地形的说法,错误的是()A.①省区位于我国地势第三阶梯内,北有南岭B.②省区东部为平原,西有巫山山脉C.③省区东部地表崎岖,北为四川盆地D.④省区位于华北平原12我国划分为四个区域,划分的主要依据是()A.地形特征B.气候差异C.经济发展水平D.地理位置、自然和人文地理因素13.从我国四大地理区域来看,华北平原属于()A.北方地区B.南方地区C.西北地区D.青藏地区14.我国牧区与农耕区的分界线是()A.400mm等降水量线B.200mm等降水量线C.50mm等降水量线D.800mm等降水量线15.我国秦岭﹣淮河一线大致相当于()A.800毫米等降水量线B.0℃等温线C.半湿润与半干旱的分界线D.热带和亚热带的分界16.下列省级行政单位属于秦岭山脉分布区的是()A .B .C .D .17.下列关于如图a、b两地的说法中,正确的是()A.a地的年降水量一般在800mm以上B.a、b两地均受季风气候影响C.由于受秦岭阻挡,a地几乎不受寒潮影响D.b地一月平均气温一般在0℃以下18.秦岭﹣淮河一线大致同哪些界线相一致()①1月0℃等温线②400毫米年等降水量线③800毫米年等降水量线④热带与亚热带的分界线⑤湿润区与半湿润区的分界线.A.①②③B.②④⑥C.①③⑤D.①④⑤19.俗话说“一方水土养一方人”,下列自然景观或人文活动与我国南方地区相符的是()A.传统民居屋顶坡度平缓,墙体厚,窗户较小B.代表性植被为温带落叶阔叶林C.摔跤、滑冰是人们喜爱的传统体育活动D.以种植水稻、油菜为主20.下列省区中,没有被秦岭﹣﹣淮河线穿过的省份是()A.安徽B.江苏C.甘肃D.山西二、综合题(40分)21.(5分)读我国四大区域图,完成下列问题。
八下语文第一次月考试题及答案 部编人教版八年级下册
八下语文第一次月考试题及答案部编人教版八年级下册2015——2016学年第二学期八年级语文第一次月考试卷第一部分:基础(24分)1、默写古诗文。
(10分)(1)冰霜正惨凄,。
(《赠从弟》刘桢)(2)念天地之悠悠,(《登幽州台歌》陈子昂)(3)海内存知己,。
(《送杜少府之任蜀州》王勃)(4) ,病树前头万木春。
(《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》刘禹锡)(5) ,月有阴晴圆缺。
(《水调歌头明月几时有》苏轼)(6) ,自将磨洗认前朝。
(《赤壁》杜牧)(7)《终南别业》诗中以行云流水来表现诗人悠闲超然的诗句:_________,。
(8)《五柳先生传》文中引用黔娄之妻的话以表明心志的句子是:___________,。
2、根据拼音,写汉字。
(4分)(1)有几个和我熟识的同学也很不平,一同去jiézé()干事托辞检查的无礼。
(2)这张脸平淡无奇,障碍重重,没法弥补,不是传播智慧的庙堂,而是jìngù()思想的囚牢。
(3)如果我能kuānshù()人,体谅人——我都得感谢我的慈母。
(4)有的从图拉驾车赶来,在客厅里zhèngjīnwēizuò()地等待这位大师的接见。
3、下列语句中没有语病的一项是()(3分)A、截至3月31日,浙江共查处酒后驾驶事件1100起,较去年同期下降了一倍多。
B、中国在未来10年中能否继续快速发展,关键在于加速培养大批各行各业的拔尖人才。
C、最近,西方国家以防止不让叙利亚发生人道主义灾难为幌子,开始谋划制裁叙利亚。
D、端午节的赛龙舟、吃粽子、佩香囊、插艾蒲、采百草等习俗在温州民间广为流传。
4、下列各句中加点的成语使用正确的一项是()(3分)A.张大爷是个通情达理的人,对儿子因车祸致残这件痛心疾首的事,他已经想好了办法。
B.在自然科学发展史上,这种由假说发展成定律、原理的情况,真是俯拾皆是。
C.病人的脉搏越来越弱,手术已迫在眉睫。
2022学年八年级下学期第一次月考英语试题含答案
听力部分第一节:听对话选图片。
(每小题1分,共5分)现在请听5段短对话。
每段对话后有一个问题,请从A、B、C三个选项中选出符合对话内容的图片。
每段对话仅读一遍。
( ▲) 1. What does Chen Dong do?A. B. C.( ▲) 2. Which competition did the boy join in?A. .B.C.( ▲) 3. How did David feel about the football match?A. B. C. ( ▲) 4. Why didn’t Jane go to school yesterday?A.B.C.( ▲) 5. Where did Tom go last Sunday?A.B.C.第二节:听较长对话,选择答案。
(每小题1分,满分5分)现在请听两段对话。
第一段对话后有两个小题,第二段对话后有三个小题,请从每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出问题的答案。
每段对话仅读一遍。
听下面一段长对话,回答第6至7小题。
( ▲) 6. Where did Mary visit in Shanghai?A. The space museum.B. The art museum.C. The science museum.( ▲) 7. When did she go back?A. On December 15th.B. On December 16th.C. On December 17th.听下面一段长对话回答第8至10小题。
( ▲) 8. What’s the matter with the girl?A. She catches a cold.B. She has a toothache.C. She hasa fever.( ▲) 9. How often should the girl take the medicine?A. Once a day.B. Twice a day.C. Three times a day.( ▲) 10. What didn’t the doctor advise the girl to do?A. Drink more water.B. Get some exercise.C. Have a rest.第三节:听独白,完成信息记录表。
八年级月考试题及答案
八年级月考试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 下列哪个选项是正确的?A. 地球是太阳系中最大的行星B. 地球是太阳系中唯一有液态水的行星C. 地球是太阳系中最小的行星D. 地球是太阳系中唯一有生命的行星答案:B2. 以下哪个是光合作用的产物?A. 水B. 氧气C. 二氧化碳D. 甲烷答案:B3. 以下哪个是化学变化?A. 水的沸腾B. 铁的生锈C. 水的蒸发D. 冰的融化答案:B4. 以下哪个是物理变化?A. 木材燃烧B. 铁的生锈C. 木材雕刻D. 铁的氧化答案:C5. 下列哪个是正确的力的定义?A. 力是物体运动的原因B. 力是物体运动的结果C. 力是物体运动的阻碍D. 力是物体运动的维持答案:A6. 以下哪个是正确的能量转换?A. 电能转换为热能B. 热能转换为电能C. 热能转换为光能D. 光能转换为热能答案:A7. 下列哪个是正确的速度计算公式?A. v = s/tB. v = t/sC. s = v*tD. s = t/v答案:A8. 以下哪个是正确的密度定义?A. 密度 = 质量 / 体积B. 密度 = 体积 / 质量C. 密度 = 质量 * 体积D. 密度 = 体积 * 质量答案:A9. 以下哪个是正确的光的传播方式?A. 光只能直线传播B. 光只能曲线传播C. 光可以直线和曲线传播D. 光只能反射传播答案:A10. 以下哪个是正确的电流定义?A. 电流 = 电压 / 电阻B. 电流 = 电压 * 电阻C. 电流 = 电阻 / 电压D. 电流 = 电压 + 电阻答案:B二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1. 牛顿第一定律也被称为______定律。
答案:惯性2. 光年是光在一年内通过的距离,其单位是______。
答案:长度3. 物质的三态包括固态、液态和______。
答案:气态4. 化学方程式中,反应物和生成物的总质量______。
答案:相等5. 电流的单位是______。
重庆市八年级语文下册第一次月考试题(附答案)
重庆市八年级语文下册第一次月考试题(附答案)一、语文知识及运用(30分)1.下面词语中加点字注音无误..的一项是( )(3分)A.阔绰.(chuò)贮.蓄(zhù)玷.污(zhān )浑身解.数(xiè)B.迸.溅(bèng )枯涸.(hé)挑衅.(xìn )锲.而不舍(qì)C.倔强.(jiàng )禁锢.(gù)污秽.(suì)颔.首低眉(hàn)D.荒谬.(miù)畸.形(jī)滞.留(zhì)粗制滥.造(làn )2.下列词语书写无误..的一项是( )(3分)A.仰慕凛冽鞠躬尽瘁正襟危座B.狼籍嬉闹眼花缭乱无动于衷C.取缔笼罩重峦叠障抑扬顿挫D.迁徙羁绊藏污纳垢油光可鉴3.下列文学常识说法有误..的一项是( )(3分)A.《与朱元思书》是一篇精美的山水小品文,作者吴均是南朝梁文学家。
B.《五柳先生传》是陶渊明托言为“五柳先生”所写的传记,塑造了一位独立于世俗之外的隐士形象。
C.《马说》运用托物寓意的写法,以千里马不遇伯乐,比喻贤才难遇明主。
D.《山坡羊潼关怀古》中“山坡羊”是词牌名,“潼关怀古”是标题。
4.给下列句子排序,最恰当的一项是( )(3分)①我常站在波涛翻卷的狮泉河旁边发呆,心想,水的力量和生命是多么伟大啊。
②看不到伤痕,更没有皱纹和白发,永远年轻地喧嚣着,如同新生的一刹那。
③它们来自一万年前的冰川。
④我在西藏的高原上,看到过这个世界最为纯净的水。
⑤它们历经沧桑,仍然珠圆玉润,没有一丝疲惫和倦怠。
A.④⑤①②③ B.④③①⑤② C.①③⑤④② D.①④②⑤③5.请读一则小幽默,并按要求回答问题。
(4分)学校里的油印机出了毛病,印出来的试卷模糊不清。
为了谨慎起见,老师到每个班里去问:“你们的试卷有问题..吗?”一个被试卷搞得昏头昏脑的学生,满脸疑惑的站起来问:“老师,试卷上不全是问题..吗?”⑴第一个“问题”的意思是。
最新人教版八年级物理下册第一次月考试题及答案
人教版八年级物理下册第一次月考试题一、单项选择题(每小题4分,共36分)1.两只鸡蛋相碰往往只碰破其中一只,有关碰撞时相互间力的作用说法正确的是()A. 两只鸡蛋受力一样大B. 破的那只鸡蛋受力大C. 未破的那只鸡蛋受力大D. 两只鸡蛋受力大小无法比较2.如图,设想在光滑的水平面上,有一个物体在力F的作用下沿曲线由A向B运动,当到B 点时突然撤去力F ,那么此后物体的运动路线是( )A. aB. bC. cD. 无法确定3.在下列底部相通的容器中装有同种液体,当静止时液面位置正确的是()A. B. C. D.4.跳伞运动员在空中张开降落伞后,跳伞运动员匀速下降,这是因为跳伞运动员()A. 没有受到力的作用B. 受到的重力小于阻力C. 受到的重力等于阻力D. 受到的重力大于阻力5.忽略空气阻力,抛出后的小球在空中运动轨迹如图所示,抛出后的小球由于()A. 不受力,运动状态发生改变B. 不受力,运动状态不发生改变C. 受到重力作用,运动状态发生改变D. 受到推力作用,运动状态发生改变6.如图所示,将两只弹簧测力计A、B挂钩在一起,然后用手水平地左右拉弹簧测力计的圆环,当左边弹簧测力计A的读数为8N时,右边弹簧测力计B的读数及手对弹簧测力计的拉力分别是()A. 8N , 8NB. 8N , 16NC. 0N , 16ND. 16N , 8N7.如图所示的四个实例中,属于增大压强的是()A. 大型运输车装有很多车轮B. 书包的背带较宽C. 滑雪板的面积较大D. 安全锤头部做成锥形8.如图所示,水平地面上A、B两圆柱形容器中的液面相平,甲、乙、丙三处液体的压强分别为p甲、p乙和p丙(ρ水>ρ煤油),则p甲、p乙和p丙的大小关系为()A. p甲=p乙>p 丙B. p甲>p乙>p丙C. p甲<p乙<p丙D. p甲=p乙<p丙9.在自动化生产线上,常用传送带运送工件,如图所示,工件与传送带一起向右匀速运动时,关于工件受力,下列说法中正确的是( )A. 工件受摩擦力,方向水平向右B. 工件受摩擦力,方向水平向左C. 工件所受到的重力与工件对传送带的压力是一对相互作用力D. 工件对传送带的压力与传送带对工件的支持力是一对相互作用二、填空题(每空1分,共22分)10.开门时,推力离门轴越近,需要用的推力就越大,说明力的作用效果与力的________关;除此之外,力的________和________也能影响力的作用效果。
人教版英语八年级下册第一次月考试题(有答案及答题纸)
八年级下册英语阶段性测试(Units1-3)一、单项选择(10分)1. Changing schools made a big difference ______ his life.A. onB. atC. toD. for2. —I’m too tired. I worked very late last night. —I think you have a good rest.A. shouldB. needC. mayD. mustn’t3. —Look! Can you see a cat under the chair? —Yeah. How lovely it is!A. lieB. layC. lyingD. to lie4. My friend Tom volunteered ______ in the countryside two years ago.A. to workB. workC. workingD. works5. She used to ______ a bike to school, but now she is used to ______ to school.A. ride; walkB. riding; walkingC. riding; walkD. ride; walking6. —Could I borrow your car? —__________, I need it. I ________ go to school.A. Certainly, don’tB. Sorry, have toC. Certainly, don’t have toD. Sure, have to7. —The milk looks. Drink some, my boy? —No, thanks. I don’t feel today.A. good; goodB. good; wellC. well; wellD. well; good8. —Could you help me take it to the classroom? — _______________.A. Yes, I couldB. No, I couldn’tC. Yes, sureD. No, I don’t9. —Who will send you to the school, your mom or your dad? —_____. I’ll go the re alone.A. BothB. EitherC. NeitherD. None10. _____ they live one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part inkeeping it clean and tidy.A. SinceB. ForC. In order toD. So that( )1l. A. cried ( )12. A. spoke ( )13. A. her ( )14. A. brought ( )15. A. only ( )16. A. hurt ( )17. A. on ( )18. A. the other ( )19. A. much ( )20.A. kept B. talkedB. toldB. himB. tookB. agoB. wellB. inB. the oneB. veryB. pulledC. shoutedC. shoutedC. itC. putC. laterC. healthyC. outC. anotherC. stillC. doneD. laughedD. askedD. themD. gotD. beforeD. badD. offD. the othersD. alsoD. thrown三、阅读理解(50分)AAs a volunteer teacher, I traveled a long way to a small village school in Long Zhou, Guangxi. On my way there, I thought about the village, the school, and the children there. However, my heart sank when I arrived there. It wasn’t what I expected. It didn’t look like a school at all! The school had only three rooms, one for Grades 1, 2, and 3, and the other for Grades 4, 5 and 6. There was a third one for me.The children welcomed me warmly on my first day. They asked me a lot of questions, and I told them stories about myself and my life in Shanghai. The next day, I gave them a test to find out their level. To my surprise, though the test was very easy, over half of the students failed it, yet they all wanted to learn new things. I knew they needed me.I was busy preparing lessons, reading test papers every night. I enjoyed teaching these lovely and hard-working children, and I could see that they were making progress with my help. I have also learned a lot from them. I understand their lives better, and we are now good friends.I have worked in Long Zhou for a year now. I’m very happy, and the experience has been ve ry useful for me.I love the small village and the children. In fact, I would like to continue working here.21. The writer is a volunteer teacher who comes from __________.A.Guangxi B.Xiamen C.Shanghai D.Liaoning22. The writer found there were only ________rooms in that school.A.two B.three C.six D.eight23. In the passage, “my heart sank…” means that the writer ________A.felt upset B.was happy C.got angry D.am sad24. The writer found the students’ level was ________ she excepted after the fir st test.A.just as B.higher than C.lower than D.high than25. Which of the following statement is NOT true?___________A.Both the volunteer teacher and the students are working so hard.B.The volunteer teacher doesn’t like to work there any longer.C.The students became better and better with the help of the volunteer teacher.D.The teacher is still in the school.26. Nick has a vacation for 2 days. He can go ________.A. hiking in the mountainB. boating in the parkC. swimming in the lakeD. sightseeing27. Mr. and Mrs. King want to stay in Luoji Mountain with their seven-year-old son and eleven-year-old daughter. They need to pay ________ for the trip.A. $240B. $300C. $360D. $12028. Lily likes the animals which can only be seen at night. Which of the following is her best choice?A. Trip 2.B. Trip 3.C. Trip 4.D. Trip 129. You'd belter take ________ for the sightseeing in Trip 2.A. a sun hatB. a digital cameraC. warm clothesD. strong shoes30. You should call ________ if you want to enjoy the sunshine in one of the trips.A. 3598432B. 3497243C. 3597543D. 3497432CLots of kids hate school, a new study found. Usually this kind of feeling doesn't last long. But what happens if you feel this way too much? School is a fact of life and getting a good education can help you build the kind of future life you want. So let's talk about school and what to do when you don't like it.If you don't like school, the first step is to find out why. You might not like school because you don't have enough friends, or maybe you don't get along with your teacher. Sometime it's a big problem with your classes and school-work. You may be getting farther and farther behind,and it may seem like you'II never catch up.When you know why you don't like school, you can start taking steps to make things better. It's a good idea to talk to someone about your problems with school. Your mum, dad, teacher or school counselor(顾问) will be able to help you. Another good idea is to write down your feelings about school in a notebook. It's a great way to let out emotions(情绪). Remember, you don't have to share what you've written with others. 31. Lots of kids , according to the writer.A.like school very much B.are good at reading and writingC.don't like doing homework D.have the thought of hating school32. What does the underlined word “it”refer to(指的是)in the first paragraph?A.A good education. B.School. C.Future life. D.Friendship.33. If you don't like school, the first step is to .A.find out why B.go to see a doctorC.ask your parents for help D.leave school for a short time34. How many reasons why you don't like school are given by the writer?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.35. When you start taking steps to make things better, one of the good ideas is to .A.keep silent about your problems B.share what you' ve written with others C.write down your feelings about school D.get along well with your classmatesDIn some Western countries, many children do chores to get pocket money (零花钱).They usually start to do this when they are ten years old.School students have to do homework and study for tests. They don't have much free time on weekdays. They often do chores on weekends.Young kids only do easy chores. So they don't get much money. But that's enough. Many of them only want to buy candy (糖果). And candy is cheap! They often help do the dishes, sweep the floor, or feed the pet cat or dog.When they get older, they want to buy more and more things. They want things that are more expensive than candy. So they have to work harder! They often help their parents wash the family car, cut the grass, or cook meals.Some jobs are a good way for kids to learn new things. For example, they can learn how to rouse a lawnmower (割草机) or how to cook. Of course, their parents help them at first.根据短文内容,判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。
八年级历史下册第一次月考试题及参考答案
八年级历史下册第一次月考试题及参考答案(考试时间:60分钟满分:100分)学校:__________ 姓名:__________ 班级:__________一、选择题(每题2分,共50分)1.1949年9月,在中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议开幕式上,毛泽东说:“诸位代表先生们,我们有一个共同的感觉,这就是我们的工作将写在人类的历史上……”“我们的工作”是指()A.成立中华人民共和国 B.实现祖国统一C.进行土地改革 D.恢复国民经济2.歌曲《走进新时代》唱道:“我们唱着东方红,当家作主站起来,我们唱着春天的故事,改革开放富起来……”中国人民“当家作主站起来”始于()A.中华民国成立 B.中华人民共和国成立C.中国共产党成立 D.社会主义市场经济体制建立3.“五星红旗第一次在北京天安门广场上升起,54门礼炮齐鸣28响。
广场上响起暴风雨般的欢呼声,盛大的阅兵式随后举行。
”材料所描述的场景是()A.西藏和平解放的庆典B.开国大典的隆重举行C.第一届全国人民代表大会的召开 D.中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议的召开4.1949年,毛泽东向全世界庄严宣告:“中华人民共和国中央人民政府今天成立了!”两年后,中央人民政府和西藏地方政府达成关于和平解放西藏办法的协议,西藏和平解放。
下列关于这两个历史事件内在联系的论述,最为准确的是()A.西藏百万农奴翻身得解放 B.西藏的和平解放实现了国家统C.西藏走上了社会主义道路 D.中华人民共和国的成立是西藏和平解放5.朝鲜战争爆发后,周恩来总理向世界人民宣告:“中国人民决不能容忍外国的侵略,也不能听任帝国主义者对自己的邻人肆行侵略而置之不理。
”中国人民进行伟大的抗美援朝战争的根本原因是()A.朝鲜内战爆发,侵略者越过“三八线”B.中国的安全受到严重威胁C.美国第七舰队入侵中国台湾海峡 D.肃清阻碍社会主义建设的外国侵略势力6.表为1951年6月至1952年底全国捐献战斗机统计情况。
2023-2024学年山东省枣庄市滕州市育才中学八年级下学期第一次月考数学试题
2023-2024学年山东省枣庄市滕州市育才中学八年级下学期第一次月考数学试题1.若,则下列不等式中正确的是()A.B.C.D.2.不等式的解集在数轴上表示为()A.B.C.D.3.如图,AB∥CD,点E在BC上,且CD=CE,∠D=74°,则∠B的度数为()A.68°B.32°C.22°D.16°4.定义;等腰三角形的底边长与其腰长的比值k称为这个等腰三角形的“优美比”.若等腰三角形的周长为,,则它的“优美比”k为()A.B.C.或D.或5.如图是乌兰察布市某公园一段索道的示意图,已知A、B两点间的距离为30米,,则缆车从A点到B点过程中,上升的高度(的长)为()A.10米B.15米C.20米D.30米6.如图,在中,,.分别以点A、B为圆心,大于的长为半径画弧,两弧交于D,E两点,直线交于点F,连接.以点A为圆心,为半径画弧,交延长线于点H,连接.若,则的周长为()A.8B.C.D.7.如图所示,在中,,平分,交于点D,,,DE⊥AB,则()A.B.C.D.8.下列说法,正确的是()A.一个三角形两边的垂直平分线的交点到这个三角形三边的距离相等B.“若,则”的逆命题是真命题C.在角的内部到角的两边距离相等的点一定在这个角的平分线上D.用反证法证明“三角形中必有一个角不大于”,先假设这个三角形中有一个内角大于9.学校组织八年级同学到劳动教育基地参加实践活动,某小组的任务是平整土地.开始的半小时,由于操作不熟练,只平整完.学校要求完成全部任务的时间不超过小时,若他们在剩余时间内每小时平整土地,则满足的不等关系为()A.B.C.D.10.如图,直线经过点和点,直线过点A,则不等式组的解集为()A.B.C.D.11.已知关于x的不等式的解集是,则a的值为______.12.如图,在中,,,的垂直平分线与交于点,与交于点,连接.若,则的长为____________.13.已知关于的方程组的解满足,则的取值范围是______.14.如图,在数轴上点M、N分别表示数2、,则x的取值范围是__________15.有一个内角为的三角形腰长为4,则它的底边长为_____________16.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,点,,,……都在x轴上,点,,……都在同一条直线上,,,,,……都是等腰直角三角形,且,则点的坐标是_____________.17.解不等式组并写出满足条件的整数解.18.小强在物理课上学习了发声物体的振动试验后,对其作了进一步的探究:在一个支架的横杆点O处用一根细绳悬挂一个小球,小球可以自由摆动,如图,A表示小球静止时的位置,当小强用发声物体靠近小球时,小球从A摆到B位置,此时过点B作于点D,当小球摆到C位置时,过点C作于点E,测得,(图中的点A,B,O,C在同一平面内).(1)猜想此时与的位置关系,并说明理由;(2)求的长.19.在北京进行的2022年冬季奥运会和冬季残奥会备受世界人士关注.吉祥物“冰墩墩”、“雪容融”玩具随之大卖,购买8个“冰墩墩”和4个“雪容融”玩具共需960元,购买6个“冰墩墩”和8个“雪容融”玩具共需1020元.(1)分别求出“冰墩墩”和“雪容融”玩具的销售单价.(2)若每个“冰墩墩”玩具制作成本为60元,每个“雪容融”玩具成本为40元,准备制作两种吉祥物玩具共100个,总成本不超过5000元,且销售完该批次吉祥物玩具,利润不低于2480元,请问有哪几种制作方案?20.如图,在△ABC中,AC>AB,D是BA延长线上一点,点E是∠CAD的平分线上一点,EB=EC,过点E作EF⊥AC于F,EG⊥AD于G.(1)求证:△EGB≌△EFC;(2)若AB=3,AC=5,求AF的长.21.现代互联网技术的广泛应用,催生了快递行业的高速发展.小明计划给朋友快递一部分物品,经了解有甲、乙两家快递公司比较合适.甲公司表示:快递物品不超过1千克的,按每千克22元收费;超过1千克,超过的部分按每千克15元收费.乙公司表示:按每千克16元收费,另加包装费3元.设小明快递物品x千克.(1)请分别写出甲、乙两家快递公司快递该物品的费用y(元)与x(千克)之间的函数关系式;(2)小明选择哪家快递公司更省钱?22.如图,在中,,垂直平分,垂足为O,,且.(1)求证:;(2)求的长.23.如图1,在4×8的网格纸中,每个小正方形的边长都为1,动点P、Q分别从点D、A同时出发向右移动,点P的运动速度为每秒1个单位,点Q的运动速度为每秒0.5个单位,当点P运动到点C时,两个点都停止运动,设运动时间为t(0<t<8).(1)请在4×8的网格纸图2中画出t为6秒时的线段PQ.并求其长度;(2)当t为多少时,△PQB是以PQ为腰的等腰三角形?24.对m、n的定义一种新运算“◇”,规定:(其中a、b均为非零常数),等式右边的运算是通常的四则运算,例如:.已知,.(1)求a、b的值;(2)若关于x的不等式组有且只有一个整数解,试求字母t的取值范围.。
新目标人教版英语八年级下学期第一次月考试题含答案
新目标人教版英语八年级下学期第一次月考试题(Units1-3 )第一卷选择题(共50分)一. 单项选择(每题1分,共35分)1. —What’s________ , Tony ? —I have a sore throat .A. matterB. a matterC. the matterD. this2. —It’s 10 o’clock now, I must go.—It’s raining outside. Don’t leave _____it stops.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. until3. He can’t see clearly(清楚) . Something is wrong with his_____.A. legsB. eyesC. earsD. stomach4. If you have a sore throat, you should drink some hot tea ______honey.A. withB. inC. onD. has5. —How are you? —I’m not _____.A. feel wellB. feel goodC. feeling goodD. feeling well6. My English teacher made______possible for us to learn English well.A. thatB. thisC. itD. one7. The English novel (小说) is quite easy. There are ______new words in it.A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few8. There is ______snow here. It’s ______cold.A. too much; much tooB. much too; too muchC. too many ; too muchD. too many; much too9. Your temperature is 39℃. You have a______.A. coldB. headacheC. feverD. backache10. Bill should ______because he is very thirsty.A. go to bedB. eat foodC. drink waterD. take a walk11. He _______his father. They are both kind and helpful.A. was likeB. looks likeC. takes afterD. likes12. —I have a sore throat. —You ______hot food.A. don’t eatB. should eatC. shouldn’t eatD. eat13. My father used to_____up late, but now he is used t ____up early.A. stay, getB. stayed , gettingC. stay ,gettingD. staying ,get14. The old man lives _____,but he never feels ________.A. alone , aloneB. alone , lonelyC. lonely , aloneD. lonely , lonely15. —Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?—_______.A. Yes, I could.B. I couldC. Sure.D. I could tell you.16. Lucy is coning to my home this evening. I’d like to eat______.A. anything deliciousB. delicious anythingC. delicious somethingD. something delicious17. The bike boy looks sad. Let’s ____ .A. cheer him upB. cheer up himC. put him upD. put up him18. Tony could help ______ the city parks.A. cleanB. clean upC. clean outD. cleans up.19. We need to ____ up with a plan on Clean-up Day.A. comeB. goC. workD. study20. I _______ some clothes to homeless people because they are too small for me.A. take afterB. hang outC. give awayD. put off21. Now I spend time _____ what I love to do.A. to doB. doingC. doD. did22. I’m thirsty. I’d like _____ a glass of water.A. drinkB. to drinkC. drinkingD. drank23. Ask him _____ come to our party tomorrow.A. notB. not toC. doesn’tD. isn’t24. I am a League Member. I volunteer my time _____ others.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helped25. Did you _____ much money on the car?A. costB. payC. spendD. take26. The boss in the factory often makes the workers _____ nine hours a day.A. workB. to workC. workingD. worked27. My sister didn’t sweep the floor .---__________.A. so did IB. So was IC. Neither did ID.Neither was I28. ---Could I ________some money from you?---Sorry, I ______it to my friend just now.A. borrow, lentB. borrow, lendC. lend, borrowD. lent , borrow.29. _______you study , _________your parents are .A.The harder , the happilyB. The harder , the happierC. The harder , the happyD. The hard , the happier30. He is practicing sports_____he can compete(完成)and win in the match.A. so thatB. so D. that D. in order to31. You have worked for several hours. You’d better_____a rest.A. to stop to haveB. stop to haveC. to stop havingD. stop having32. Smoking is bad for your health. You should____________.A. give up itB. give up themC. give it upD. give them up33. Although Mr. Sheng is a new teacher, he knows ______ student in his class.A. eitherB. allC. everyD. none34. I think _______is important for the kids _______ many after-school classes .A. it , havingB. it , to haveC. that , havingD. that , to have.35. The young man made a decision________the mountain alone.A. to climbB. climbC. climbsD. climbing二. 阅读理解(每题1分,共15分)A部分请用A、B判断正误,B、C部分请选择合适的答案。
部编版八年级语文下册第一次月考试卷一(含答案)
部编版八年级语文下册第一次月考试卷一(含答案)八年级语文下学期第一次月考试题考试时间:120分钟满分:150分)一、语文基础知识及运用(35分)1.下列加点字注音有误的一项是(3分)A.吁气(xū)B.脑畔(pàn)C.闭塞(sāi)D.蕴藻(zǎo)2.下列词语书写完全正确的一项是(3分)A.辐射B.撮土C.船篷D.家眷3.下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当的一项是(3分)A.他的诗写得酣畅淋漓,感情勃发,很容易引发读者的共鸣。
B.作为伟大时代的共和和国公民,在改革创新中,我们应争做马前卒,杜绝马后炮。
C.心神地自偏,我这顶楼的迷你园景就是我的世外桃源了。
D.自然科学领域有许多令人叹为观止的神秘现象,正等待着有志于此的科学家去破解。
4.不列有关文学常识的表述有误的一项是:(3分)A.《桃花源记》的作者是唐代著名诗人XXX,名潜,字元亮,他是著名的山水田园诗人。
代表作品有《归园田居归去来兮辞》等,本文出自《陶渊明集》。
B.《小石潭记》原题为《至小丘西小石潭记》,作者XXX,字子厚,河东人,唐代文学家,“XXX”之一,因参加XXX的政治革新运动失败后被贬,本文是他被贬到湖南永州后,写下的“永州八记”之一,以探访山水,流连于自然胜景中排遣心中的苦闷。
C.《核舟记》选自《虞初新志》,略有删节,《虞初新志》是清代XXX选的一部短篇小说集。
《核舟记》的作者是XXX,字子敬,明末嘉善人。
D.《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集,收录了从西周到春秋时期的诗歌305首,也称《诗三百》。
这些诗歌分为风、雅、颂三个部分,根据手法分为赋、比、兴。
5.依次填入下列横线处的词句,最恰当的一项是(3分)人生总是与苦难同行的。
②有的人甘于沉沦,在苦难中奋起③而有的人不甘于沉寂,最终获得了成功⑤苦难成了他抱怨命运的理由,④踌躇满志。
6.近年来,国花、国树、国鸟的评选在各地展开,牡丹、梅花、丹顶鹤、松柏都在候选之列。
它们能脱颖而出,与中国古老文化赋予的内涵密切相关。
2022学年八年级第二学期语文第一次月考试题卷及答案
2022学年第二学期第一次月考检查八年级语文试题卷考生须知:1.全卷共三大题,20小题,满分100分,其中卷面书写3分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在“答题纸”的相应位置上。
3.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
一、积累运用(19分)1.阅读下面文字,根据语境完成后面的题目。
(5分)平桥村只有一只早出晚归的航船是大船,①没有留用的道理。
其余的都是小船,不合用;央人到邻村去问,也没有,早都给别人定下了。
外祖母很气nǎo ▲,怪家里的人不早定,絮叨起来。
母亲便宽wèi ▲伊,说我们鲁镇的戏比小村里的好得多,一年看几回,今天就算了。
只有我急得要哭,母亲却jié▲力的嘱咐我,说万不能装模.装样,怕又招外祖母生气,又不准和别人一同去,说是怕外祖母要担心。
——鲁迅《社戏》(1)填入文中①处最恰当的一项是( ▲ )。
(1分)A. 诀B.决(2)加点字“模”在文中的正确读音是( ▲ )。
(1分)A. múB. móC. mō(3)根据拼音写出相应的汉字。
(3分)气nǎo ▲宽wèi ▲jié▲力2.解释下列句中加点的词。
(4分)(1)便要.还家▲(2)无论..魏晋▲(3)水尤.清冽▲(4)犬牙..差互▲3.古诗文名句填空。
(8分)古诗文是流淌着情感的文字。
《桃花源记》中表现桃花源中人幸福生活的语句是:黄发垂髫,⑴▲。
《式微》中借女子之口道出劳役者遭受统治者的压迫,夜以继日地在野外干活,有家不能回,苦不堪言的怨言:⑵▲,胡为乎中露?《子衿》中“⑶▲,▲”的内心独白,通过夸张的手法,造成主观时间与客观时间的反差,从而将诗人强烈的思念之情表现了出来。
孟浩然心怀希翼,借鱼来婉转含蓄地表露从政的心愿:“⑷▲,▲”(《望洞庭湖赠张丞相》)。
面对别离,相信真挚的友情可以克服空间的阻隔,消除孤独的苦闷,王勃在中告诉我们:“⑸▲,▲”。
八年级下册第1次月考试题--数学(含答案) (18)
八年级数学(下册)第一次月考数学试卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分.)1.在以下绿色食品、回收、节能、节水四个标志中,是轴对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.2.一个等腰三角形的两边长分别是3和7,则它的周长为()A.17 B.15 C.13 D.13或173.下列能判定△ABC为等腰三角形的是()A.∠A=40°、∠B=50°B.∠A=40°、∠B=70°C.AB=AC=3,BC=6 D.AB=3、BC=8,周长为164.在下列各组条件中,不能说明△ABC≌△DEF的是()A.AB=DE,∠B=∠E,∠C=∠F B.AC=DF,BC=EF,∠A=∠DC.AB=DE,∠A=∠D,∠B=∠E D.AB=DE,BC=EF,AC=DF5.到三角形三条边的距离相等的点是三角形()A.三条角平分线的交点B.三条高的交点C.三边的垂直平分线的交点D.三条中线的交点6.如图,将△ABC沿直线DE折叠后,使得点B与点A重合.已知AC=5cm,△ADC的周长为17cm,则BC 的长为()A.7cm B.10cm C.12cm D.22cm7.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC=10,BC=8,AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D,点E为AC的中点,连接DE,则△CDE的周长为()A.20 B.12 C.14 D.138.如图,正方形网格中,网格线的交点称为格点,已知A、B是两格点,如果C也是图中的格点,且使得△ABC 为等腰三角形,则点C的个数有()A.4个B.6个C.8个D.10个9.如图,在线段AE同侧作两个等边三角形△ABC和△CDE(∠ACE<120°),点P与点M分别是线段BE和AD的中点,则△CPM是()A.钝角三角形B.直角三角形C.等边三角形D.非等腰三角形10.将一张菱形纸片,按下图中①,②的方式沿虚线依次对折后,再沿图③中的虚线裁剪,最后将图④中的纸片打开铺平,所得图案应该是()A.B.C.D.二、填空题(共8小题,每小题3分,满分24分)11.小明从镜子中看到对面电子钟如图所示,这时的时刻应是.12.如果等腰三角形的一个角等于80°,则它的顶角等于度.13.如图,△ABC与△A′B′C′关于直线对称,则∠B的度数为.14.如图,在△ABC中,∠C=90°,BD平分∠ABC,若CD=3cm,则点D到AB的距离为cm.15.如图在中,AB=AC,∠A=40°,AB的垂直平分线MN交AC于D,则∠DBC=度.16.如图,△ABC中,∠B与∠C的平分线交于点O,过O作EF∥BC交AB、AC于E、F,若△ABC的周长比△AEF的周长大12cm,O到AB的距离为3cm,△OBC的面积cm2.17.如图,∠AOB是一角度为15°的钢架,要使钢架更加牢固,需在其内部添加一些钢管:EF、FG、GH…,且OE=EF=FG=GH…,在OA、OB足够长的情况下,最多能添加这样的钢管的根数为.18.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC=13,BC=10,AD是BC边上的中线,F是AD上的动点,E是AC边上的动点,则CF+EF的最小值为.三、解答题(共9大题,满分74分)19.如图,阴影部分是由5个小正方形组成的一个直角图形,请用三种方法分别在下图方格内添涂黑二个小正方形,使阴影部分成为轴对称图形.20.如图,在正方形网格中,每个小正方形的边长都为1,网格中有一个格点△ABC(即三角形的顶点都在格点上).(1)在图中作出△ABC关于直线MN对称的△A′B′C′;(2)在(1)的结果下,连接AA′,CC′,则六边形AA′B′C′CB的面积为.21.尺规作图:某学校正在进行校园环境的改造工程设计,准备在校内一块四边形花坛内栽上一棵桂花树.如图,要求桂花树的位置(视为点P),到花坛的两边AB、BC的距离相等,并且点P到点A、D的距离也相等.请用尺规作图作出栽种桂花树的位置点P(不写作法,保留作图痕迹).22.如图,点B、F、C、E在一条直线上,FB=CE,AC=DF,请从下列三个条件:①AB=DE;②∠A=∠D;③∠ACB=∠DFE中选择一个合适的条件,使AB∥ED成立,并给出证明.(1)选择的条件是(填序号);(2)证明:23.如图,DE⊥AB于E,DF⊥AC于F,若BD=CD、BE=CF,(1)求证:AD平分∠BAC;(2)已知AC=20,BE=4,求AB的长.24.如图,在△ABC中,边AB、AC的垂直平分线分别交BC于D、E.(1)若BC=10,则△ADE周长是;(2)若∠BAC=128°,则∠DAE的度数是.25.如图,点O是等边△ABC内一点,∠AOB=100°,∠BOC=α,D是△ABC外一点,且△BOC≌△ADC,连接OD.(1)△COD是什么三角形?说明理由;(2)当α为多少度时,△AOD是直角三角形?(3)当α为多少度时,△AOD是等腰三角形?26.如图1所示,等边△ABC中,AD是BC边上的中线,根据等腰三角形的“三线合一”特性,AD平分∠BAC,且AD⊥BC,则有∠BAD=30°,.于是可得出结论“直角三角形中,30°角所对的直角边等于斜边的一半”.请根据从上面材料中所得到的信息解答下列问题:(1)△ABC中,若∠A:∠B:∠C=1:2:3,AB=a,则BC=;(2)如图2所示,在△ABC中,∠ACB=90°,BC的垂直平分线交AB于点D,垂足为E,当BD=5cm,∠B=30°时,△ACD的周长=.(3)如图3所示,在△ABC中,AB=AC,∠A=120°,D是BC的中点,DE⊥AB,垂足为E,那么BE:EA=.(4)如图4所示,在等边△ABC中,D、E分别是BC、AC上的点,且∠CAD=∠ABE,AD、BE交于点P,作BQ⊥AD于Q,猜想PB与PQ的数量关系,并说明理由.27.如图,已知△ABC中,AB=AC=6cm,BC=4cm,点D为AB的中点.(1)如果点P在线段BC上以1cm/s的速度由点B向点C运动,同时,点Q在线段CA上由点C向点A运动.①若点Q的运动速度与点P的运动速度相等,经过1秒后,△BPD与△CPQ是否全等,请说明理由.②若点Q的运动速度与点P的运动速度不相等,当点Q的运动速度为cm/s时,在某一时刻也能够使△BPD 与△CPQ全等.(2)若点Q以②中的运动速度从点C出发,点P以原来的运动速度从点B同时出发,都逆时针沿△ABC的三边运动.求经过多少秒后,点P与点Q第一次相遇,并写出第一次相遇点在△ABC的哪条边上?八年级(上)月考数学试卷(9月份)参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分.)1.在以下绿色食品、回收、节能、节水四个标志中,是轴对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.【考点】轴对称图形.【分析】根据轴对称图形的概念求解.如果一个图形沿着一条直线对折后两部分完全重合,这样的图形叫做轴对称图形,这条直线叫做对称轴.【解答】解:A、是轴对称图形,故A符合题意;B、不是轴对称图形,故B不符合题意;C、不是轴对称图形,故C不符合题意;D、不是轴对称图形,故D不符合题意.故选:A.2.一个等腰三角形的两边长分别是3和7,则它的周长为()A.17 B.15 C.13 D.13或17【考点】等腰三角形的性质;三角形三边关系.【分析】由于未说明两边哪个是腰哪个是底,故需分:(1)当等腰三角形的腰为3;(2)当等腰三角形的腰为7;两种情况讨论,从而得到其周长.【解答】解:①当等腰三角形的腰为3,底为7时,3+3<7不能构成三角形;②当等腰三角形的腰为7,底为3时,周长为3+7+7=17.故这个等腰三角形的周长是17.故选:A.3.下列能判定△ABC为等腰三角形的是()A.∠A=40°、∠B=50°B.∠A=40°、∠B=70°C.AB=AC=3,BC=6 D.AB=3、BC=8,周长为16【考点】等腰三角形的判定.【分析】根据等腰三角形判定,利用三角形内角定理对4个选项逐一进行分析即可得到答案.【解答】解:解;当顶角为∠A=40°时,∠C=70°≠50°,当顶角为∠B=50°时,∠C=65°≠40°所以A选项错误.当顶角为∠B=70°时,∠A=∠C=40°,当顶角为∠A=40°时,∠B=∠C=70°,所以B选项正确.当AB=AC=3,BC=63+3=6,不能构成三角形,所以C选项错误.当AB=3、BC=8,周长为16,AC=5,所以D选项错误.故选B.4.在下列各组条件中,不能说明△ABC≌△DEF的是()A.AB=DE,∠B=∠E,∠C=∠F B.AC=DF,BC=EF,∠A=∠DC.AB=DE,∠A=∠D,∠B=∠E D.AB=DE,BC=EF,AC=DF【考点】全等三角形的判定.【分析】根据题目所给的条件结合判定三角形全等的判定定理分别进行分析即可.【解答】解:A、AB=DE,∠B=∠E,∠C=∠F,可以利用AAS定理证明△ABC≌△DEF,故此选项不合题意;B、AC=DF,BC=EF,∠A=∠D不能证明△ABC≌△DEF,故此选项符合题意;C、AB=DE,∠A=∠D,∠B=∠E,可以利用ASA定理证明△ABC≌△DEF,故此选项不合题意;D、AB=DE,BC=EF,AC=DF可以利用SSS定理证明△ABC≌△DEF,故此选项不合题意;故选:B.5.到三角形三条边的距离相等的点是三角形()A.三条角平分线的交点B.三条高的交点C.三边的垂直平分线的交点D.三条中线的交点【考点】角平分线的性质.【分析】根据角的平分线上的点到角的两边的距离相等解答即可.【解答】解:∵角的平分线上的点到角的两边的距离相等,∴到三角形三条边的距离相等的点是三角形三条角平分线的交点,故选:A.6.如图,将△ABC沿直线DE折叠后,使得点B与点A重合.已知AC=5cm,△ADC的周长为17cm,则BC 的长为()A.7cm B.10cm C.12cm D.22cm【考点】翻折变换(折叠问题).【分析】首先根据折叠可得AD=BD,再由△ADC的周长为17cm可以得到AD+DC的长,利用等量代换可得BC 的长.【解答】解:根据折叠可得:AD=BD,∵△ADC的周长为17cm,AC=5cm,∴AD+DC=17﹣5=12(cm),∵AD=BD,∴BD+CD=12cm.故选:C.7.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC=10,BC=8,AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D,点E为AC的中点,连接DE,则△CDE的周长为()A.20 B.12 C.14 D.13【考点】直角三角形斜边上的中线;等腰三角形的性质.【分析】根据等腰三角形三线合一的性质可得AD⊥BC,CD=BD,再根据直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半可得DE=CE=AC,然后根据三角形的周长公式列式计算即可得解.【解答】解:∵AB=AC,AD平分∠BAC,BC=8,∴AD⊥BC,CD=BD=BC=4,∵点E为AC的中点,∴DE=CE=AC=5,∴△CDE的周长=CD+DE+CE=4+5+5=14.故选:C.8.如图,正方形网格中,网格线的交点称为格点,已知A、B是两格点,如果C也是图中的格点,且使得△ABC 为等腰三角形,则点C的个数有()A.4个B.6个C.8个D.10个【考点】等腰三角形的判定.【分析】根据AB的长度确定C点的不同位置,由已知条件,利用勾股定理可知AB=,然后即可确定C点的位置.【解答】解:如图,AB==,∴当△ABC为等腰三角形,则点C的个数有8个,故选C.9.如图,在线段AE同侧作两个等边三角形△ABC和△CDE(∠ACE<120°),点P与点M分别是线段BE和AD的中点,则△CPM是()A.钝角三角形B.直角三角形C.等边三角形D.非等腰三角形【考点】全等三角形的判定与性质;等边三角形的性质.【分析】首先根据等边三角形的性质,得出AC=BC,CD=CE,∠ACB=∠ECD=60°,则∠BCE=∠ACD,从而根据SAS证明△BCE≌△ACD,得∠CBE=∠CAD,BE=AD;再由点P与点M分别是线段BE和AD的中点,得BP=AM,根据SAS证明△BCP≌△ACM,得PC=MC,∠BCP=∠ACM,则∠PCM=∠ACB=60°,从而证明该三角形是等边三角形.【解答】解:∵△ABC和△CDE都是等边三角形,∴AC=BC,CD=CE,∠ACB=∠ECD=60°.∴∠BCE=∠ACD.∴△BCE≌△ACD.∴∠CBE=∠CAD,BE=AD.又点P与点M分别是线段BE和AD的中点,∴BP=AM.∴△BCP≌△ACM.∴PC=MC,∠BCP=∠ACM.∴∠PCM=∠ACB=60°.∴△CPM是等边三角形.故选:C.10.将一张菱形纸片,按下图中①,②的方式沿虚线依次对折后,再沿图③中的虚线裁剪,最后将图④中的纸片打开铺平,所得图案应该是()A.B.C.D.【考点】剪纸问题.【分析】对于此类问题,学生只要亲自动手操作,答案就会很直观地呈现.【解答】解:严格按照图中的顺序,向右对折,向上对折,从斜边处剪去一个直角三角形,从直角顶点处剪去一个等腰直角三角形,展开后实际是从原菱形的四边处各剪去一个直角三角形,从菱形的中心剪去一个和菱形位置基本一致的正方形,得到结论.故选A.二、填空题(共8小题,每小题3分,满分24分)11.小明从镜子中看到对面电子钟如图所示,这时的时刻应是10:51.【考点】镜面对称.【分析】关于镜子的像,实际数字与原来的数字关于竖直的线对称,根据相应数字的对称性可得实际时间.【解答】解:∵是从镜子中看,∴对称轴为竖直方向的直线,∵2的对称数字是5,镜子中数字的顺序与实际数字顺序相反,∴这时的时刻应是10:51.故答案为:10:51.12.如果等腰三角形的一个角等于80°,则它的顶角等于80或20.度.【考点】等腰三角形的性质;三角形内角和定理.【分析】当等腰三角形的一个角等于80°时,分2种情况;①当等腰三角形的一个角等于80°时,等腰三角形的顶角与其相等,②当等腰三角形的顶角等于80°,时,利用三角形内角和定理即可求出答案.【解答】解;当等腰三角形的一个角等于80°时,则有2种情况;①当等腰三角形的一个角等于80°时,等腰三角形的顶角等于80°时,②当等腰三角形的顶角等于80°时则它的底角为:=20°故答案为:80或20.13.如图,△ABC与△A′B′C′关于直线对称,则∠B的度数为105°.【考点】轴对称的性质.【分析】根据轴对称的性质先求出∠C等于∠C′,再利用三角形内角和定理即可求出∠B.【解答】解:∵△ABC与△A′B′C′关于直线l对称,∴∠C=∠C′=40°,∴∠B=180°﹣∠A﹣∠C=180°﹣40°﹣35°=105°.故答案为:105°14.如图,在△ABC中,∠C=90°,BD平分∠ABC,若CD=3cm,则点D到AB的距离为3cm.【考点】角平分线的性质.【分析】过点D作DE⊥AB于E,根据角平分线上的点到角的两边的距离相等可得DE=CD,从而得解.【解答】解:如图,过点D作DE⊥AB于E,∵∠C=90°,BD平分∠ABC,∴DE=CD,∵CD=3cm,∴DE=3cm,即点D到AB的距离为3cm.故答案为:3.15.如图在中,AB=AC,∠A=40°,AB的垂直平分线MN交AC于D,则∠DBC=30度.【考点】线段垂直平分线的性质.【分析】由AB=AC,∠A=40°,即可推出∠C=∠ABC=70°,由垂直平分线的性质可推出AD=BD,即可推出∠A=∠ABD=40°,根据图形即可求出结果.【解答】解:∵AB=AC,∠A=40°,∴∠C=∠ABC=70°,∵AB的垂直平分线MN交AC于D,∴AD=BD,∴∠A=∠ABD=40°,∴∠DBC=30°.故答案为30°.16.如图,△ABC中,∠B与∠C的平分线交于点O,过O作EF∥BC交AB、AC于E、F,若△ABC的周长比△AEF的周长大12cm,O到AB的距离为3cm,△OBC的面积18cm2.【考点】等腰三角形的判定与性质;平行线的性质.【分析】根据角平分线定义和平行线性质求出∠EOB=∠EBO,∠FCO=∠FOC,根据等腰三角形的判定得出OE=BE,OF=FC,求出BC长,根据三角形的面积公式求出即可.【解答】解:∵∠B与∠C的平分线交于点O,∴∠EBO=∠OBC,∠FCO=∠OCB,∵EF∥BC,∴∠EOB=∠OBC,∠FOC=∠OCB,∴∠EOB=∠EBO,∠FCO=∠FOC,∴OE=BE,OF=FC,∴EF=BE+CF,∴AE+EF+AF=AB+AC,∵△ABC的周长比△AEF的周长大12cm,∴(AC+BC+AC)﹣(AE+EF+AF)=12,∴BC=12cm,∵O到AB的距离为3cm,∴△OBC的面积是cm×3cm=18cm2.,故答案为:18.17.如图,∠AOB是一角度为15°的钢架,要使钢架更加牢固,需在其内部添加一些钢管:EF、FG、GH…,且OE=EF=FG=GH…,在OA、OB足够长的情况下,最多能添加这样的钢管的根数为5.【考点】等腰三角形的性质.【分析】根据已知利用等腰三角形的性质及三角形外角的性质,找出图中存在的规律,根据规律及三角形的内角和定理不难求解.【解答】解:∵添加的钢管长度都与OE相等,∠AOB=15°,∴∠GEF=∠FGE=30°,…从图中我们会发现有好几个等腰三角形,即第一个等腰三角形的底角是15°,第二个是30°,第三个是45°,四个是60°,五个是75°,六个是90°就不存在了.所以一共有5个.故答案为518.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC=13,BC=10,AD是BC边上的中线,F是AD上的动点,E是AC边上的动点,则CF+EF的最小值为.【考点】轴对称-最短路线问题;等腰三角形的性质.【分析】作E关于AD的对称点M,连接CM交AD于F,连接EF,过C作CN⊥AB于N,根据三线合一定理求出BD的长和AD⊥BC,根据勾股定理求出AD,根据三角形面积公式求出CN,根据对称性质求出CF+EF=CM,根据垂线段最短得出CF+EF≥,即可得出答案.【解答】解:作E关于AD的对称点M,连接CM交AD于F,连接EF,过C作CN⊥AB于N,∵AB=AC=13,BC=10,AD是BC边上的中线,∴BD=DC=5,AD⊥BC,AD平分∠BAC,∴M在AB上,在Rt△ABD中,由勾股定理得:AD==12,=×BC×AD=×AB×CN,∴S△ABC∴CN===,∵E关于AD的对称点M,∴EF=FM,∴CF+EF=CF+FM=CM,根据垂线段最短得出:CM≥CN,即CF+EF≥,即CF+EF的最小值是,故答案为:.三、解答题(共9大题,满分74分)19.如图,阴影部分是由5个小正方形组成的一个直角图形,请用三种方法分别在下图方格内添涂黑二个小正方形,使阴影部分成为轴对称图形.【考点】利用轴对称设计图案.【分析】直接利用轴对称图形的性质结合网格得出符合题意的图形即可.【解答】解:如图所示:.20.如图,在正方形网格中,每个小正方形的边长都为1,网格中有一个格点△ABC(即三角形的顶点都在格点上).(1)在图中作出△ABC关于直线MN对称的△A′B′C′;(2)在(1)的结果下,连接AA′,CC′,则六边形AA′B′C′CB的面积为14.【考点】作图-轴对称变换.【分析】(1)先作出各点关于直线MN的对称点,再顺次连接即可;(2)利用矩形的面积减去三角形的面积即可.【解答】解:(1)如图所示;(2)S六边形AA′B′C′CB=3×6﹣×2×1﹣×2×1﹣×2×1﹣×2×1=18﹣1﹣1﹣1﹣1=14.故答案为:14.21.尺规作图:某学校正在进行校园环境的改造工程设计,准备在校内一块四边形花坛内栽上一棵桂花树.如图,要求桂花树的位置(视为点P),到花坛的两边AB、BC的距离相等,并且点P到点A、D的距离也相等.请用尺规作图作出栽种桂花树的位置点P(不写作法,保留作图痕迹).【考点】作图—应用与设计作图.【分析】到AB、BC距离相等的点在∠ABC的平分线上,到点A、D的距离相等的点在线段AD的垂直平分线上,AD的中垂线与∠B的平分线的交点即为点P的位置.【解答】解:如图所示:点P即为所求.22.如图,点B、F、C、E在一条直线上,FB=CE,AC=DF,请从下列三个条件:①AB=DE;②∠A=∠D;③∠ACB=∠DFE中选择一个合适的条件,使AB∥ED成立,并给出证明.(1)选择的条件是①(填序号);(2)证明:【考点】全等三角形的判定与性质.【分析】(1)利用全等三角形的判定定理选出合适的条件即可;(2)利用SSS进而判断出全等三角形,得出AB∥ED即可.【解答】解:(1)选择①AB=ED或③∠ACB=∠DFE即可.故答案为:①(答案不唯一);(2)证明:∵FB=CE,∴BC=EF,在△ABC和△EFD中,∴△ABC≌△EFD(SSS),∴∠B=∠E,∴AB∥ED.23.如图,DE⊥AB于E,DF⊥AC于F,若BD=CD、BE=CF,(1)求证:AD平分∠BAC;(2)已知AC=20,BE=4,求AB的长.【考点】全等三角形的判定与性质;角平分线的性质.【分析】(1)求出∠E=∠DFC=90°,根据全等三角形的判定定理得出Rt△BED≌Rt△CFD,推出DE=DF,根据角平分线性质得出即可;(2)根据全等三角形的性质得出AE=AF,BE=CF,即可求出答案.【解答】(1)证明:∵DE⊥AB,DF⊥AC,∴∠E=∠DFC=90°,∴在Rt△BED和Rt△CFD中∴Rt△BED≌Rt△CFD(HL),∴DE=DF,∵DE⊥AB,DF⊥AC,∴AD平分∠BAC;(2)解:∵Rt△BED≌Rt△CFD,∴AE=AF,CF=BE=4,∵AC=20,∴AE=AF=20﹣4=16,∴AB=AE﹣BE=16﹣4=12.24.如图,在△ABC中,边AB、AC的垂直平分线分别交BC于D、E.(1)若BC=10,则△ADE周长是10;(2)若∠BAC=128°,则∠DAE的度数是76°.【考点】线段垂直平分线的性质.【分析】(1)由在△ABC中,边AB、AC的垂直平分线分别交BC于E、F,易得AE=BE,AF=CF,即可得BC=△AEF周长;(2)由∠BAC=128°,可求得∠B+∠C的值,即可得∠BAE+∠CAF的值,继而求得答案.【解答】解:(1)∵在△ABC中,边AB、AC的垂直平分线分别交BC于E、F,∴AE=BE,AF=CF,∵△ADE周长是10,∴BC=BE+EF+CF=AE+EF+AF=10;故答案为:10;(2)∵AE=BE,AF=CF,∴∠B=∠BAE,∠C=∠CAF,∵∠BAC=128°,∴∠B+∠C=180°﹣∠BAC=52°,∴∠BAE+∠CAF=∠B+∠C=52°,∴∠FAE=∠BAC﹣(∠BAE+∠CAF)=76°,故答案为:76°.25.如图,点O是等边△ABC内一点,∠AOB=100°,∠BOC=α,D是△ABC外一点,且△BOC≌△ADC,连接OD.(1)△COD是什么三角形?说明理由;(2)当α为多少度时,△AOD是直角三角形?(3)当α为多少度时,△AOD是等腰三角形?【考点】等边三角形的性质;全等三角形的性质;等腰三角形的判定.【分析】(1)根据全等三角形的性质得到CO=CD,∠BCO=∠ACD,由等边三角形的性质得到∠ACB=60°,求得∠OCD=∠ACB=60°;即可得到结论;(2)根据等边三角形的性质和周角的定义解答即可;(3)分三种情况::①要使AO=AD,需∠AOD=∠ADO,根据周角的定义得到∠ADO=α﹣60°,得到方程190°﹣α=α﹣60°求得α=125°;②要使OA=OD,需∠OAD=∠ADO.由于∠AOD=190°﹣α,∠ADO=α﹣60°,于是得到α﹣60°=50°求得α=110°;③要使OD=AD,需∠OAD=∠AOD.由于190°﹣α=50°于是得到α=140°.【解答】解:(1)△COD是等边三角形,理由如下:∵△BOC≌△ADC,∴CO=CD,∠BCO=∠ACD,∵△ABC是等边三角形,∴∠ACB=60°,∴∠OCD=∠ACB=60°;∴△COD是等边三角形;(2)∵△COD是等边三角形,∴∠COD=60°,∵△AOD是直角三角形,∴∠AOD=90°,∴∠α=360°﹣110°﹣90°﹣60°=100°;(3)①要使AO=AD,需∠AOD=∠ADO.∵∠AOD=360°﹣∠AOB﹣∠COD﹣α=360°﹣100°﹣60°﹣α=200°﹣α,∠ADO=α﹣60°,∴200°﹣α=α﹣60°∴α=130°;②要使OA=OD,需∠OAD=∠ADO.∵∠AOD=200°﹣α,∠ADO=α﹣60°,∴∠OAD=180°﹣(∠AOD+∠ADO)=40°,∴α﹣60°=40°∴α=100°;③要使OD=AD,需∠OAD=∠AOD.∵200°﹣α=40°∴α=160°,当α=150°时,△AOD也是直角三角形.综上所述:当α的度数为130°,或100°,150°或160°时,△AOD是等腰三角形26.如图1所示,等边△ABC中,AD是BC边上的中线,根据等腰三角形的“三线合一”特性,AD平分∠BAC,且AD⊥BC,则有∠BAD=30°,.于是可得出结论“直角三角形中,30°角所对的直角边等于斜边的一半”.请根据从上面材料中所得到的信息解答下列问题:(1)△ABC中,若∠A:∠B:∠C=1:2:3,AB=a,则BC=;(2)如图2所示,在△ABC中,∠ACB=90°,BC的垂直平分线交AB于点D,垂足为E,当BD=5cm,∠B=30°时,△ACD的周长=15cm.(3)如图3所示,在△ABC中,AB=AC,∠A=120°,D是BC的中点,DE⊥AB,垂足为E,那么BE:EA= 3:1.(4)如图4所示,在等边△ABC中,D、E分别是BC、AC上的点,且∠CAD=∠ABE,AD、BE交于点P,作BQ⊥AD于Q,猜想PB与PQ的数量关系,并说明理由.【考点】含30度角的直角三角形;等腰三角形的性质;等边三角形的性质.【分析】(1)根据三角形内角和定理推知∠A=30,∠C=90°.(2)根据线段垂直平分线的性质知CD=BD,则△ACD的周长等于AC+AB;(3)如图3,连接AD.利用等腰三角形的性质、垂直的定义推知∠B=∠ADE=30°,然后由”30度角所对的直角边是斜边的一半“分别求得BE、AE的值;(4)如图4,根据全等三角形的判定定理SAS可判断两个三角形全等;根据全等三角形的对应角相等,以及三角形外角的性质,可以得到∠PBQ=30°,根据直角三角形的性质即可得到.【解答】解:(1)∵∠A:∠B:∠C=1:2:3,且∠A+∠B+∠C=180°,∴∠A=30,∠C=90°,∴BC=AB=.故填:;(2)如图2,∵DE是线段BC的垂直平分线,∠ACB=90°,∴CD=BD,AD=BD.又∵在△ABC中,∠ACB=90°,∠B=30°,∴AC=AB,∴△ACD的周长=AC+AB=3BD=15cm.故填:15cm;(3)如图3,连接AD.∵在△ABC中,AB=AC,∠A=120°,D是BC的中点,∴∠BAD=60°.又∵DE⊥AB,∴∠B=∠ADE=30°,∴BE=BD,AE=AD,∴BE:EA=BD:AD,又∵BD=AD,∴BE:AE=3:1.故填:3:1.(4)BP=2PQ.理由如下:∵△ABC为等边三角形.∴AB=AC,∠BAC=∠ACB=60°,在△BAE和△ACD中,,∴△BAE≌△ACD(SAS),∴∠ABE=∠CAD.∵∠BPQ为△ABP外角,∴∠BPQ=∠ABE+∠BAD.∴∠BPQ=∠CAD+∠BAD=∠BAC=60°∵BQ⊥AD,∴∠PBQ=30°,∴BP=2PQ.27.如图,已知△ABC中,AB=AC=6cm,BC=4cm,点D为AB的中点.(1)如果点P在线段BC上以1cm/s的速度由点B向点C运动,同时,点Q在线段CA上由点C向点A运动.①若点Q的运动速度与点P的运动速度相等,经过1秒后,△BPD与△CPQ是否全等,请说明理由.②若点Q的运动速度与点P的运动速度不相等,当点Q的运动速度为 1.5cm/s时,在某一时刻也能够使△BPD与△CPQ全等.(2)若点Q以②中的运动速度从点C出发,点P以原来的运动速度从点B同时出发,都逆时针沿△ABC的三边运动.求经过多少秒后,点P与点Q第一次相遇,并写出第一次相遇点在△ABC的哪条边上?【考点】全等三角形的判定;等腰三角形的性质.【分析】(1)①根据时间和速度分别求得两个三角形中的边的长,根据SAS判定两个三角形全等.②根据全等三角形应满足的条件探求边之间的关系,再根据路程=速度×时间公式,先求得点P运动的时间,再求得点Q的运动速度;(2)根据题意结合图形分析发现:由于点Q的速度快,且在点P的前边,所以要想第一次相遇,则应该比点P 多走等腰三角形的两个边长.【解答】解:(1)①全等,理由如下:∵t=1秒,∴BP=CQ=1×1=1厘米,∵AB=6cm,点D为AB的中点,∴BD=3cm.又∵PC=BC﹣BP,BC=4cm,∴PC=4﹣1=3cm,∴PC=BD.又∵AB=AC,∴∠B=∠C,∴△BPD≌△CPQ;②假设△BPD≌△CPQ,∵v P≠v Q,∴BP≠CQ,又∵△BPD≌△CPQ,∠B=∠C,则BP=CP=2,BD=CQ=3,∴点P,点Q运动的时间t==2秒,∴vQ===1.5cm/s;(2)设经过x秒后点P与点Q第一次相遇,由题意,得1.5x=x+2×6,解得x=24,∴点P共运动了24×1cm/s=24cm.∵24=16+4+4,∴点P、点Q在AC边上相遇,∴经过24秒点P与点Q第一次在边AC上相遇.。
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临汾市解放路学校2015-2016学年八年级第二学期
第一次月考测试题(卷)
(总分100分,考试时间90分钟)
一.排除干扰精心选(每小题2分,共20分)
1.在、、、、、中分式的个数有( )
A 、2个
B 、3个
C 、4个
D 、5个
2.要使分式有意义,则x 应满足 ( )
A .x ≠-1
B .x ≠2
C .x ≠±1
D .x ≠-1且x ≠2
3.如果把分式中的x 和y 都扩大2倍,则分式的值( )
A 、扩大4倍;
B 、扩大2倍;
C 、不变;
D 缩小2倍
4.下列分式中,最简分式是 ( )
A. B. C. D.
5.下列各式正确的是()
A .
B .
C .
D .6.化简的结果是()
A. B. C. D.
7.分式
,,的最简公分母是().
A.-10xy B.-20xy C.10xy 2
D.20xy
2
8.计算:=()
A.0 B.1 C.—1 D.a+b
9.在一段坡路,小明骑自行车上坡的速度为每小时V1千米,下坡时的速度为每小时V2千米,则他在这段路上、下坡的平均速度是每小时()
A .千米
B .千米
C .千米D.无法确定
10.某学校学生进行急行军训练,预计行60千米的路程在下午5时到达,后来由于把速度加快20% ,结果于下午4时到达,求原计划行军的速度。
设原计划行军的速度为xkm/h,,则可列方程()
A .
B.
C.
D.
二、认真读题细心填(每小题3分,共18分)
11、当x 时,分式的值为零。
12.用科学记数法表示—0.000 000 0314= .
13. 若关于x 的分式方程
有增根,则 m 的值为__________.
14、计算:=
15.瑞士中学教师巴尔末成功地从光谱数据中得到巴尔末公式,从而打开
了光谱奥秘的大门。
请你尝试用含你n 的式子表示巴尔末公式 . 16.一根蜡烛在凸透镜下成一实像,物距u ,像距v 和凸透镜的焦距f
满足关系式:1u +1v =1
f
. 若f =6厘米,v =8厘米,则物距u = 厘米.
三、开动脑筋用心解(共62分)
17.(10分)计算:
(1)
(2)
18.(12分)解方程:
(1)
(2)
19.(6分)先化简:,再选一个你喜欢的数代入求值。
20. (8分) 3.12植树节,某中学八年级(2)班计划组织部分同学义务植树180棵,由于学生们参与的积极性很高,实际参加植树节活动的人数比原计划增加了50%,结果每人比原计划少栽了2棵树,问实际有多少人参加了这次植树活动?
21.(8分)先阅读下面一段文字,然后解答问题:
一个批发兼零售的文具店规定:凡一次购买铅笔301支以上(包括301支)可以按批发价付款;购买300支以下(包括300支)只能按零售价付款.现有学生小王购买铅笔,如果给初三年级学生每人买1支,则只能按零售价付款,需用元,(为正整数,且>100)如果多买60支,则可按批发价付款,同样需用元.
设初三年级共有名学生,
则①的取值范围是;
②铅笔的零售价每支应为元;
③批发价每支应为元.(用含、的代数式表示).
22. (8分)从广州去某市,可乘坐普通列车或高铁,已知高铁的行驶路程是400千米,普通列车的行驶路程是高铁的行驶路程的1.3倍.
(1)求普通列车的行驶路程;
(2)若高铁的平均速度(千米/时)是普通列车平均速度(千米/时)的2.5倍,且乘坐高铁所需时间比乘坐普通列车所需时间缩短3小时,求高铁的平均速度.
23.(10分)观察下列等式:
1-=12×①
2-=22×②
3-=32×③
……
(1)请写出第四个等式:;
(2)观察上述等式的规律,猜想第n个等式:(请用含n的式子表示),并验证其正确性。
临汾市解放路学校2015-2016学年八年级第二学期
第一次月考测试题(答案)
一.选择题
二.填空题
11.X=1 12.
13. 33y x - 14. 3± 15.
16. 24
17. ⑴ 解:原式
=
=
=
(2) 原式=5
18.⑴ 解:分式方程:
解:
经经验
是原方程的解.
(2) 原方程无解.
19. 解:原式
选取任意一个不等于0,的的值,代入求值.
如:当
时,
原式
20. 解:设原计划有x人参加植树活动,则实际参加人数为1.5x人.
根据题意得:=2
解得x=30.
经检验:x=30是方程的解
所以x=30.
则1.5x=45.
答:实际有45人参加了这次植树活动.
21.解:(1)依题意可得,普通列车的行驶路程为400×1.3=520(千米)
(2)设普通列车的平均速度为千米/时,则高铁平均速度为千米/时.
依题意有:
可得:
经检验,x=120符合题意题意
答:略
22.(1) 241≤≤300; (2), (3)
23. 解:(1)4-=42×
(2)第n个等式是n—.
证明:∵左边==右边,∴等式成立.。