涿州市高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练(12)

涿州市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文改错系列训练（12）及答案
(第篇)
Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.
Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.
The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.
Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Here’s where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles —making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surro unded by even bigger gray circles — so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.
When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren’t fooled—they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children of ten identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.
As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As
a result, they’re more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.
1. Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate________.
A. children’s and adults’ eye-sight
B. people’s ability to see accurately
C. children’s and adults’ brains
D. the influence of people’s age
[解析] 考查细节理解能力。

第二段第二行可以得出结论。

[答案] B
2. When asked to find the larger circle，________.
A. children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones around
B. only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones around
C. children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones around
D. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around
[解析] 考查细节理解能力。

第三段清晰地说明了辨别圆圈的比例。

[答案] C
3. According to the passage, we can know that________.
A. a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background
B. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size
C. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size
D. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size
[解析] 考查细节理解能力，对第四段整体的理解和第五段最后一句可以得出答案。

[答案] D
4. Visual context may work when children get older than________.
A. 4
B. 6
C. 10
D. 18
[解析] 考查推理判断能力。

从第五段和第六段第一句判断得出答案。

[答案] B
5. Why are younger children not fooled?
A. Because they are smarter than older children and adults.
B. Because older people are influenced by their experience.
C. Because people’s eyes become weaker as they grow older.
D. Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.
[解析] 考查推理判断能力。

第四、五、六段提及到岁小孩和6岁以上小孩的区别是判断的依据。

[答案] D
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The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly-held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever b een in the past. “We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one membe r of the research team. “They’re expected to be rebellious (叛逆的) and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material go ods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation (商议) and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat t heir children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-year-old Daniel Lazall, “I always tell them when I’m going out clu bbing. As long as they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my p arents than that.”
Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their paren ts comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from thei r parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over.”
6. What is the popular image of teenagers today?
A. They worry about school.
B. They dislike living with their parents.
C. They have to be locked in to avoid troubles.
D. They quarrel a lot with other family members.
7. The study shows that teenagers don’t want to________.
A. share family responsibility
B. cause trouble in their families
C. go boating with their family
D. make family decisions
8. Compared with parents of 30 years ago, today’s parents________.
A. go to clubs more often with their children
B. are much stricter with their children
C. care less about their children’s life
D. give their children more freedom
9. According to the author, teenage rebellion ________.
A. may be a false belief
B. is common nowadays
C. existed only in the 1960s
D. resulted from changes in families
10. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Negotiation in family.
B. Education in family.
C. Harmony in family.
D. Teenage trouble in family.
参考答案6-10 DBDAC
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passage ***
There are advantage for students to work while 1_____
Studying a t school.One of them was that 2_____
they can earn money.For the most part, 3______
students working to earn money for their own 4____
use.Earning their own money allow them 5 _____
to spend on anything as if they please. 6_____
they would have to ask their parents for 7____
money or for permission to do things by 8 ____
the money.Some students may also to save 9____
up for our college or future use. 10______
【参考答案】
KEY 4
There are advantage for students to work while ___ advantages Studying at school.One of them was that is
they can earn money.For the most part,
students working to earn money for their own work
use.Earning their own money allow them allows
to spend on anything as if they please.╱if
they would ∧ have to ask their parents for not
money or for permission to do things by with
the money.Some students may also to save /to
up for our college or future use. their
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例1 （2012·全国II）
Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.
44. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To solve a problem.
B. To give practical advice.
C. To tell an interesting story.
D. To present a research result.
[点拨] B 作者意图题。

有第一段最后一句话There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.及二、三段可知选B。

例2 （2012·四川）
On a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.
Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. Each look reminds us where we are.
There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree
seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.
Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come
familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest,
maple(枫叶) makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing
trees.
The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and
it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one
glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.
The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade
of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars' (杨树) putting out the
first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smell fills the local stream as the ice
gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen
for the winter. A family of birds rules our skies and (lies over the lake.
42. By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that_____.
A. the kids like playing in trees
B. the kids are very familiar with trees
C. the kids have learned much knowledge
D. the kids find trees useful learning tools
[点拨] C 作者目的意图。

根据第四段的第二句：As they tell all who show even a passing
interest,可以推断出，作者提到这么多树木的名字，说明了孩子们学到了很多。

故答案C
符合文意。

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（四）
Coffee houses can be seen anywhere in America. 76. People from European brought the idea with them. Soon 77. coffee became the leading drink. Today people in United 78. States drink more coffee than people in any country.
79.
People who drink coffee at breakfast, at lunch, and 80. between meals. They dri nk them at work and at home. 81. Coffee is drunk by people around the world. Some 82. people like coffee what is very black and very strong. 83. Another people like coffee with cream or sugar, or, cream
84.
and sugar with it. Now coffee has become a world-wide drink.
85.
(四)
76．anywhere → everywhere 77.European → Europe
78. in ∧→ the
79. any ∧→ other 80. 去掉who 81.them → it 82. √
83.what → that/which 84. Another → Other 85.with → in
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