云南省昆明市第一中学2022-2023学年高中新课标高三第一次摸底测试英语试卷

云南省昆明市第一中学2022-2023学年高中新课标高三第一
次摸底测试英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Every year, the biggest and the best garden designers get together to create the Chelsea Flower Show, providing inspiration, trendsetting ideas and a glimpse of how our gardens might look next year.
On Trend: Green garden
Sustainable gardens have become a big trend in our towns and cities. Joe Swift inspired gardeners with his gold-winning design for the Homebase Teenage Cancer Trust that featured drought-buster (治理) architectural planting.
It could cope with even the driest conditions typically found in places where water is precious. His large pools of water had a cooling effect on people and plants.
On Trend: Space-saving Herbs
The Brewin Dolphin garden designed by Cleve West and Steve Swatton followed the Arts and Craft tradition, showing the beautiful strong lines of neatly beech (山毛榉) among its soft herbs planting. It proved to be a style that has never gone out of fashion.
You don’t need a large garden to have a piece of topiary (树木造型). These evergreens, which can be boxed or grown in pots, are easy to cut into shapes, such as balls, cubes and pyramids.
On Trend: Rhododendrons (杜鹃花) Woodland
Chris Beardshaw’s gold-winning design was packed with rhododendrons woodland bushes. It paid tribute (致敬) to Furzey Gardens in Hampshire, which celebrates its 100th anniversary this year.
Rhododendrons might not be the trendiest choice but they deserve a comeback.
On Trend: Drought Buster
The Herbert Smith garden for WaterAid was inspired by the work of the charity and the transforming power of clean water.
Using water wisely is today’s issue, so invest in water butts (积水桶) to collect rainwater and gather waste water from baths, sinks and washing machines.
1．Who can inspire those having a garden with limited space?
A．Joe Swift.B．Cleve West and Steve Swatton.C．Chris Beardshaw.
D．Herbert Smith.
2．What does Furzey Gardens feature?
A．Large pools.B．Rhododendrons woodland.C．Evergreens in shapes.D．Clean water transforming.
3．What do the designs of Joe Swift and Herbert Smith have in common?
A．They are the trendiest choices.B．They are gold-winning designs.
C．They promoted the balance of environment.D．They attach great importance to saving water.
A few people are born resilient (自强不息). Liz Murray is one of them. Her parents were cocaine addicts who spent most of the family’s money in feeding their habits. Liz explains that as a result, she and her sister were neglected. The girls often lacked food and warm clothes. By age 15, Liz was homeless. Her mother had died of AIDS, and her father was on the streets. Liz made a swear to herself after her mother’s death that her life would be different. She refused to end up like her mom and decided that the best way to avoid that fate was to go back to school.
Liz Murray stuck to her plan firmly. She stood out in her high school courses in an accelerated two-year program. Liz Murray applied for a New York Times scholarship offered to needy local students. New York Times was looking to make a difference by helping kids who had overcome obstacles. Her story apparently came through loud and clear.
Liz hoped to study at Harvard University on her scholarship. Harvard agreed that Liz Murray belonged at the university and accepted her as a member of the class of 2004. Her reaction to the acceptance letter was to scream with delight.
When she looks back on where she has come from and the burdens her parents gave her, Liz says that she is neither bitter nor angry. She understood, from an early age, that they had a disease that prevented them from giving her more than they did. She misses having her family together. And her father, with whom she is now close, has developed AIDS. Liz says she doesn’t feel like she has moved past the events of her childhood, rather they’ve stayed with her and are part of everything about who she is. She has learned from her experiences and makes use of the lessons.
4．Why were Liz and her sister neglected?
A．Because their parents were homeless.B．Because their mother suffered from AIDS.
C．Because their parents were addicted to drugs.D．Because their father was begging on the street.
5．What did Liz do to achieve her goal?
A．By contributing to New York Times.
B．By sharing her story in public to raise money.
C．By winning a scholarship offered by Harvard University.
D．By accomplishing her high school courses in a short time.
6．What attitude did Liz hold towards her parents?
A．Annoyed.B．Understanding.C．Supporting.D．Disgusted. 7．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．From Homeless to Harvard B．The Responsibility of Parents
C．The Abuse from Parents D．Confidence Makes You Strong
Antarctica is the highest, driest, and coldest place on Earth. It is also the remotest, a fact
comfortable place for people to stay once they arrive. It is widely described as the last true wilderness on our planet.
The cold climate is responsible for maintaining the continent’s year-round ice fields: They never melt. Even though Antarctica receives more sunlight than the equator, the temperatures are lower because the ice sheet reflects the heat back into space. Thus, the coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Antarctica in July, 1983. Soviet scientists shivered (瑟瑟发抖) through temperatures that fell to minus 89.2 degrees Celsius.
Once completely inaccessible, Antarctica has more recently been playing host to adventurers seeking excitement, scientists interested in experimenting, and companies looking to exploit this wild zone for profit: gold, uranium and oil are just some of the valuable resources which lie beneath the continent’s icy covering.
For centuries, Europeans wondered about the existence of a South-pole continent, but no one actually knew for certain Antactica was there until 1820 when European explorers “discover” it. Since then, men have gone to Antarctica in search of adventure. Testing their abilities, several teams of explorers set out in 1911 to be the first men to stand at the South
Pole.
Yet, Antarctica’s fragile and complicated ecosystem is threatened by its human visitors. Damage to the environment occurs as people come looking for resources beneath the ice, or carelessly leave their garbage behind. Currently, countries are working to ensure that the damage to Antarctica’s environment is minimized, and that the last wilderness on Earth will remain an unspoiled place.
8．What does the underlined word “demystifies” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Does harm to.B．Lies in.C．Accounts for.D．Stays away from.
9．Why are Soviet scientists mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A．To make a comparison with other places.B．To show Soviet scientists’ fearless spirits.
C．To stress the freezing weather of Antarctica.D．To explain the reason for
Antarctica’s cold climate.
10．When did people begin to explore Antarctica?
A．In the late eighteenth century.B．In the early eighteenth century.
C．In the early nineteenth century.D．In the late twentieth century. 11．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Measures are being taken to protect Antarctica.
B．Antarctica’s eco-system has been destroyed by men.
C．People visiting Antarctica leave garbage on purpose.
D．In the icy covering are buried few precious resources.
There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in long-term memory can be recalled at a later time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or years. Sometimes information in the long-term memory is hard to remember. Students taking exams often have this experience. In contrast, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over.
Dr. Hunter studied short-term memory in rats. He used a special device which had a cage for the rat and three doors. There was a light in each door. First, the rat was placed in the closed cage. Next, one of the lights was turned on and then off. There was food for the rat only at this door. After the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from its cage. Then, if it went to the correct door, it was rewarded with the food that
was there. Hunter did this experiment many times. He always turned on the lights in a random order. Hunter’s results show that rats have a short-term memory of about ten seconds.
Later, Dr. Henning studied how people learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. To begin with, the participants listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the participants took a 15-question test where they circled the word they remembered having in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sounded alike, while others had four choices having the same meaning.
Henning found that people with a lower level in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; people with a higher level made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning’s results suggest that beginning learners hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, while advanced learners hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.
12．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．Repetition contributes to people’s short-term memory.
B．The information in long-term memory is easier to forget.
C．People can rarely memorize the information learnt when young.
D．Students taking exams are experienced in long-term memory.
13．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．How the rat experiment was conducted.B．The process of rats’ developing memory.
C．Why the rat experiment was carried out.D．The relationship between rats’ memory and intelligence.
14．Who might participate in Dr. Henning’s experiment?
A．A Chinese expert in second language learning.
B．An American student learning a second language.
C．A British teacher teaching English as a second language.
D．A Korean employee learning English as a second language.
15．What does Henning’s experiment suggest?
A．Beginning learners have a bad memory.
B．Beginning learners depend more on short-term memory.
C．Advanced learners easily remember words according to their pronunciation.
D．Advanced learners can confuse the words just heard with those meaning the same.
二、七选五
An office party can be a double-edged sword. There are four questions about how employees should handle themselves at company parties:
16 Dress to impress, but also present yourself appropriately. The location and time of the party should indicate what kind of dress code to expect. Remember you are attending a company outing; you are not a celebrity walking the red carpet. So leave the 4-inch heels at home, along with anything short, tight or revealing.
Should I be “fashionably late”?No. 17 . Your co-workers will remember if you are 10 minutes late. Late arrival or early departure may not ruin your career, but your attendance shows loyalty to your manager and your organization.
Should I talk with the senior executives? Yes! There are only a few opportunities to make yourself known to the CEO and executive directors, and this is one of them.
18 .
What if I’m not very social?Don’t be tempted to turn to your phone to avoid conversations by texting your friends or checking your Twitter feed the entire night.
19 . This is the perfect opportunity to step outside of your comfort zone and introduce yourself to people from another division whom you may not have met. To help, think of a few topics or questions before the party that you can use to strike up a conversation with someone new.
20 . Before you leave, make sure you find your boss, CEO and the staff that put the party together and thank them for a great event.
A．How should I dress up
B．What make-up should I wear
C．Arrive in the first 30 minutes
D．Don’t forget to convey appreciation
E．Late arrival is a new trend nowadays
F．And don’t just hang out with those from your group
G．Thus, take advantage of it and give yourself a proper introduction
三、完形填空
A map is a drawing that give us information about a place at a particular time. Maps are
making maps is called cartography (制图学). A person making maps is called a cartographer.
26 of a place can be shown in different types of maps.
There are two main types of maps—physical maps and political maps. Physical maps show the 27 of the land-hills, lakes, forests, the coast and so on. 28 maps show how the land is used by people—counties, provinces, countries, town boundaries, etc. Both types of map have 29 over time because forests are cut down, roads are built, towns expand and borders change. Most maps include a compass rose which indicates the 30 . In the meanwhile, they 31 include a scale (比例尺), which is useful for estimating 32 .
People use or “read” maps because of different 33 . For example, we often use them when we are traveling to the places that we are not 34 with. News reporters use maps to tell us 35 things are happening in the world, 36 use them to navigate (导航) the skies and fishermen to navigate the seas.
Maps have an exciting history of their own. Over time, they 37 from being rough sketches, often based on travelers’ tales and stories 38 through word of mouth that may or may not have been 39 . Nowadays maps are accurate scientific instruments. Their 40 runs along with the progress of civilisation. 21．A．accurately B．purposely C．occasionally D．permanently 22．A．wider B．larger C．longer D．smaller 23．A．behavior B．language C．learning D．communication 24．A．experiment B．instrument C．science D．result 25．A．downloaded B．put C．reported D．updated 26．A．locations B．aspects C．landscapes D．histories 27．A．origins B．views C．outlines D．benefits 28．A．Historic B．Delicate C．Political D．Abstract 29．A．changed B．disappeared C．arisen D．spread 30．A．time B．directions C．weather D．spots
31．A．just B．ever C．also D．even 32．A．area B．width C．length D．distance 33．A．reasons B．hobbies C．stands D．levels 34．A．careful B．concerned C．satisfied D．familiar 35．A．how B．where C．why D．when 36．A．pilots B．drivers C．astronomers D．sailors 37．A．ranged B．advanced C．differed D．rose 38．A．written down B．heard of C．passed on D．set aside 39．A．charming B．funny C．direct D．true 40．A．development B．appearance C．operation D．function
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文
中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

With the fast development of science and technology, our studies are sure to change great. As for us, lifelong learning is the must in the future.
First, we can study in anywhere in the future, not just at school. For example, we can have various online class from the best teachers without leaving our home, make our learning more convenient. Besides, there will have more tools like Ding-ding and Wechat help us study. We will have no exams at school as all of us students can study easily and do that we have a gift for. Learning will also be delighted for all of us.
Every time I look forward to the future, I can’t feel more excited because many kinds of possibilities were waiting for me.
六、推荐信
52．假如你是高中生李华，常与美国笔友Peter彼此分享读书心得。

请你给他写一封邮件，和他分享你最近所读的一本好书。

要点如下：
1. 该书简介；
2. 阅读收获。

注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ______________
Yours, Li Hua。