北师大版初三英语第6讲：unit 3 语法篇(学生版)

Unit 3语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________理解并掌握常见连词及表示原因连词的用法1. 常见连词(and, but, or, so)的用法(1) and“和，而且，又”，表示并列关系。

例如：I woke up and got out of bed. 我醒了就起床了。

(2) but“但是”表示转折关系。

例如：I got up early but I still missed the first bus.我起得很早，但仍然错过了早班车。

(3) or“或者；否则”。

例如：Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点儿，否则你就要迟到了。

(4) so“所以”，表示因果关系。

例如：I heard some noise outside, so I went out of the room to see why.我听见外面有些声音，所以走出房间去看看是怎么回事。

2. because, since, as, for表示原因的区别because, since, as 都是表示“原因”的从属连词，引导原因状语从句；而“for”也表示原因，引导的是并列句。

语气由强至弱一次为：because, since, as, for。

(1) because表示直接原因，它所指的原因一般是听话人所不知道的，语气最强。

常用来回答why的提问，一般放在主句之后，也可以单独存在。

例如：---Why are you late? 你为什么迟到了？--- Because I missed the early bus. 因为我错过了早班车。

(2) since侧重主句，从句表示显然的或者已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为，既然”，语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示含有一种勉强语气的原因。

例如：Since everybody is here, let’s begin. 既然大家都在这里，我们开始吧。

(3) as是常用词，它表示的原因是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要；比since语气弱，没有since正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。

从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从句并重。

例如：As I was not ready, they went without me.由于我没有准备好，他们没有带我去。

(4) for表明附加或推断的理由，其后的分句不能放句首，语气最弱。

例如：It mush have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下了雨，因为地面是湿的。

3. 其他常见连词(1)if 如果，表示条件，引导条件状语从句。

unless, 除非，如果不=if…not。

例如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.(前半句可改为Unless it rains tomorrow)如果明天不下雨，我们就会去公园。

(2)although虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句。

不与but连用。

例如：Although no man agreed with him, he held on his views.尽管没人赞同他的观点，他还是坚持自己的看法。

1. Tom was late for school __________ it’s raining hard.A. because ofB. becauseC. due toD. so2. Read this article, ________ you will understand that not everything can be bought with money.A. orB. soC. butD. and3. You’d better wake up Tom at 6: 30, ______ he will be late for the match.A.butB.andC.orD.so4. To make our dreams come true, we should have aims________ then try out best to achieve it.A.andB.butC.soD.or5. I didn’t go surfing, _________ it was too cold.A. thoughB. so thatC. becauseD. since6. Rick has learned a lot about Chinese culture ________ he came to China.A.beforeB.whenC.sinceD.until7. It is dark, _______ let’s go home.A. soB. andC. butD. and8. __________ I’m a little disappointed, I can still accept the result.A. SinceB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. For9. We will stay at home, ________ there is a traffic jam tomorrow.A. ifB. unlessC. butD. because10. ---Hello, Joyce, you are busy. Can I give you a hand?---Thanks very much, _________ I can manage.A.andB.butC.orD.so基础演练根据句意及首字母或汉语提示或用所给词的恰当形式填空。

1.I’m afraid we have to c _______ (取消) the meeting.2.A number of useful________(invent), such as smartphones, have changed our lives.3.Tom has gone to Italy, he is a__________ from the meeting.4.Inner Mongolia lies in the n__________ part of China.5.Qian Xuesen is one of the greatest________(开拓者)of China’s space technology.6.I d_______ with Lucy; we have different opinions on the problem.7.Now more and more teenagers p_______ the old with seats on the bus.8.It was in great d_______ to keep the babies in the car alone.9.I wonder who is the o_______ of the car.10.There are many new ways of producing _________(能量), such as, wind and solar power.巩固提高一、根据中文提示完成句子（每空一词）1.孩子们得益于每天的眼保健操。

The children ________ _________ daily eye exercises.2. 我们应该减少街上汽车的数量。

We should________ ________ ________ ________ _________the cars in the street.3.詹妮一点儿也不喜欢科技。

Jenny_________ _________technology _______ _______.4.一些发明帮我们活得更好，寿命更长。

Some inventions________ __________ _______ _______ ________ ________.5.北京以悠久的历史和名胜而闻名。

Beijing _____ _______ ______ its _______ _______ and places of interest.6. 众所周知中国有四大发明。

_____ ______ ______ ______, there are four great inventions in China.7.由于污染变得越来越严重，中国政府下定决心解决这个问题。

Since pollution is getting more and more serious, Chinese government ______ _______ ______ _____ _______ _______ ________the problem.8. 你每天花多长时间听英语？______ ______ ______ _______ _______ ________ ________ English every day?二、按要求完成下列句子1. How about telling stories to cheer up the sick kids ?(改为同义句)_______________________________________________________2. They have seen the film already. (改为否定句)_______________________________________________________3. It’s about 2 kilometers from my home to school. (对画线部分提问)_______________________________________________________4. My cousin bought a new bike last week. (改为同义句)_______________________________________________________5. 只要你努力工作，你的梦想就会实现。

(翻译)________________________________________________________一、单项选择1. ---Is this your father’s car?---No. _______ car is black.A.MyB.HisC.HerD.Your2. You can take ________of the two toys cars and leave the other one for your brother.A.bothB.noneC.eitherD.neither3. Is there _________ useful on science? I’m looking for information abut this topic.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing4. ---Did you catch the first subway this morning?---No, I didn’t. It had started moving________ I could get on it.A.beforeB. sinceC.afterD.as soon as5.---Did you have a good time at the party?---Yes. We sang ________ danced until late at night.A.butB.ifC.orD.and6. Lin Shuhao is________ famous _______ all the basketball fans in China know him.A. too; toB. so; thatC. enough; toD. as; as7. Practice more, ________ you’ll do better in playing chess.A. butB.andC.whenD.after8. There will be _______ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway.A. fewerB. moreC. lessD. most9. Of all he drinks, tea is _______ in the world. It has over 5,000 years of history in China.A.olderB.oldestC. oldD. the oldest10. Doing eye exercises _______ one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.A.isB.areC.wasD.were二、完形填空The first time I saw Suzy Khan, I knew I had to help her. She was really small for her age of 12. The boys in my class often laughed at her. She would open a 1 , pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa. She had just been adopted(收养) by a family, and they thought that the best way for her to 2 American ways of life is to be with American kids. I looked 3 at this small girl and promised myself that I must help her.But how could I help her fit in with us? There had to be a way.One day, when I went into the classroom, I saw that Suzy had opened her geography book to a picture of a train, and in her notebook, she had made a perfect 4 .I was surprised and thought that she could do 5 in the coming talent show. So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had drawn. “Why, it’s 6 ,” said Miss Parker, and then showed us a poster she had painted for the talent show. “I need more of these, but I just don’t have enough time. Could you help me, Suzy?On the day of the talent show, Suzy’s7 were everywhere ---- all over the hall and all over the school, each one different.“And8 ,” said Mr. Brown, the schoolmaster, at the end of the show, “We have a special award. I’m sure you’ve all noticed the wonderful posters.” Everyone nodded. “One of our own students painted them.”I could hear everyone whispering. “Who in our school could9 tha t well?”Mr. Brown waited a while before saying, “Since this student worked so hard on the posters, she deserves a prize, too. Our mystery (神秘) artist is our new student ---- Suzy Khan!”Mr. Brown thanked her for all the wonderful posters and gave her a pr ofessional artist’s set. “Thank you,” she cried.I realized, at that time when I was looking at her 10 face, she’d probably never owned anything in her whole life.Everyone started to clap their hands. Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile. I knew then Suzy was going to be all right. ”1. A. bag B. book C. box D. bottle2. A. learn B. borrow C. stay D. send3. A. near B. up C. down D. opposite4. A. copy B. note C. train D. photo5. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing6. A. colorful B. common C. ugly D. wonderful7. A. photos B. books C. poster D. gifts8. A. importantly B. finally C. sadly D. hopefully9. A. draw B. make C. write D. think10.A.sad B. beautiful C. small D. excited__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1. When I_______at the bus stop, I realized I had left my backpack at home.A. arrivedB. arrivesC. will arriveD. was arriving2. My mother usually goes out for a walk after she finishes______the dishes.A. doingB. doneC. doD. to do3. We _______English for many years and we consider it important.A. learnB. learnedC. have learnedD. will learn4. All our compositions _________by Mr. Li yesterday afternoon.A. checkB. checkedC. are checkedD. were checked5. I think he is one of ________photographers in the world.A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best(附：单选1-5, 2014海淀区九年级第一学期期末练习)二、阅读理解AInventions All Around UsEvery invention has a story. These stories often have a lesson to teach, too. Here are the stories of some everyday household inventions.Canned Food and the Can Opener—Get It Right!Peter Durand invented canned food in 1810, but there was a problem. Durand didn't have a good way to open the cans. In 1858, Ezra Warner invented a can opener. It used a piece of metal to cut and remove the top from the can, but it was difficult to use. Finally, in 1870, William Lyman added a wheel to the can opener. The metal went around the top of the can and removed it easily. Finally, people were able to open cans without a lot of work. Canned food was soon popular.Frozen Food—A Little Good Luck Can Help!Clarence Birdseye had the chance to go on a trip to如e Arctic. When people there caught fish, they put the fish in a container (容器) of ice to freeze it quickly. When people cooked the fish later, it was still good! This gave Birdseye an idea. He thought people could also have this kind of food at home. In 1926,Birdseye invented frozen food. People were able to store food in freezers for a long time.Air Conditioning—One Answer to Two Problems!Printing companies make books, so they use a lot of paper. Sometimes, changes in the weather can hurt the paper. In 1902, Willis Carrier invented air conditioning to control the temperature inside his printing company. This saved the paper. People soon realized other benefits of air conditioning. They started to air condition their homes in the summer. Carrier's invention changed the world!1. When was canned food invented?A. In 1810.B. In 1870.C. In 1902.D. In 1926.2. After the trip to the Arctic, Clarence Birdseye invented ____________.A. canned foodB. can openersC. frozen foodD. air conditioning3. Changes in weather _____________ in Willis Carrier's company.A. helped to keep foodB. hurt printing paperC. caused health problemsD. made rooms comfortable4. According to the passage, which of the following may lead to inventions?A. People's needs.B. Public support.C. Modern technology.D. Practical suggestions.BLooking for an original way to raise money for charity? Has your school run out of clever and fun ideas? Don’t give up. There are several ways to support your favorite charity and enjoy yourselves at the same time.How about holding a bean bath competition? “How does this help?” you may ask yourselves. Well, it’s very simple really- you agree to sit in a bath full of bakedbeans, then for every minute you stay in it, people pay money! The longer you stayin the bath, the more money you collect for the charity your school has chosen! It’sextremely messy, but it’s good fun! Just a piece of advice, though. Let your parents know what you’re doing. Wear old clothes because they’re going to need washing after the competition!Here’s another idea that we used at my school: organize a car wash.Everybody who has a car sooner or later washes it or has it washed. So why don’tyou and your classmates do the job? The money the car owners pay for having theircars washed will go towards your charity. When we did it, we had an amazing time! At first, some of us were worried about getting wet or dirty and it’s true. But we also had fun, and at the end of the day it was really worth it!On the other hand, if you don’t feel like getting wet or messy, but have some musical talent, how about organizing a street concert? Street musicians can make alot of money and so can you if you’ve got the talent and courage it takes to play infront of an audience. You just need to find a suitable place (make sure you’reallowed to play music in that public place), practise for a few hours with your friends first, and give it a try!I hope all these ideas have helped you a bit, and if you’ve got any othe r great suggestions, we would love to hear them. We can publish them, so other people can use them, too. Good luck!5. Holding a bean bath competition, you would___________.A. ask yourselves many questionsB. sit in a bath full of baked beansC. put on old clothes after the bathD. ask your parents to wash the clothes6. What did the writer think of the car wash?A. He thought they could have fun.B. He was upset about getting wet.C. He thought many students were too worried.D. He thought it was an easy way to collect money.7. From the passage we can know the writer is a ___________.A. parentB. studentC. driverD. singer8. The writer writes this passage to_____________.A. ask readers to do something funny for charityB. tell readers about charity events they can go toC. suggest fun ideas for people to raise money for charityD. show some ways for people to organize charity eventsCFor me, Facebook is about staying in touch with friends, whether thatmeans writing on someone’s ‘wall’or sending them a private message. It’s auseful website for finding long-lost friends, arranging parties and sharingphotos. But that’s not all: Facebook is now being used by all kinds of peoplefor all kinds of reasons!Do you want to play computer games? Log on to Facebook. There are now thousands of entertaining games and puzzles to help you pass the time. Do you want to find cafés, cinemas and bowling alleys in your area? Log on to Facebook pages that you can join and ‘like’, which makes it very easy to search for fun things to do near you. I think it’s brilliant to have all the information that you want on just one website!People are now joining Facebook to make professional connections too, either with people who do the same kind of work, or with businesses that are looking for new people to work for them.It’s a pretty good idea since so many people use Facebook these days, especially young people! Even students log on to Facebook to look for summer or part-time jobs.And that’s not all! Now there are hundreds of pages about sports teams, TV programmes and pop stars to look at on Facebook. However, I believe the main reason most young people use Facebook is because it’s so easy to let the world know what you think about different things or people, whether it’s about a newfilm at the cinema or whether you prefer Rihanna with long or short hair. You can even write comments directly on other people’s Facebook pages including some stars’ pages. But you have to be careful because giving your opinion online can be dangerous.We mustn’t forget that Facebook is meant to be fun and shouldn’t be used for saying bad things about people around us. I recently read a news article about a student who had to leave school because she made rude and unfair comments about a teacher on her Facebook wall. Several other school students have been in trouble for similar comments and opinions. In fact, it really annoys me when I see somebody has writtenIt’s true that Facebook is becoming more and more part of our daily lives for many different reasons, and it can be really helpful as well as being a lot of fun. But, as with all websites, we must be careful about how we use it.9. What does the writer think of the Facebook?A. It is easy for finding a long-lost friendB. It is dangerous for giving one’s opinionC. It is mainly used for business reasons these days.D. It is useful for finding entertainment information.10. Why does the writer think young people like Facebook so much?A. It’s a good place to read TV programmes reviews.B. They can have conversations about their interests.C. It’s the best place to find information about sports.D. They like having the chance to give their opinions.A. criticalB. privateC. unpleasantD. impolite12. What is the best title of the passage?A. The use of FacebookB. The information on FacebookC. The reasons of using FacebookD. The suggestions for using Facebook课程顾问签字： 教学主管签字：。