原版文章精读及词汇扩展(2)
现代大学英语精读2Unit2单词及释义.doc
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Unit 2alcohol n. 酒精,乙醇appreciate vi. 增值;涨价vt. 欣赏;感激;领会;鉴别brow n. 眉,眉毛;额;表情chest n. 胸,胸部;衣柜;箱子;金库concern n. 关系;关心;关心的事vt. 涉及,关系到;使担心congratulate vt. 祝贺;恭喜;庆贺consider vt. 考虑;认为;考虑到;细想vi. 考虑;认为;细想considerate adj. 体贴的;体谅的;考虑周到的corner n. 角落,拐角处;地区,偏僻处;困境,窘境vi. 囤积;相交成角vt. 垄断;迫至一隅;使陷入绝境;把…难住counter n. 计数器,计算器;柜台;计算者adv. 相反地v. 反击;反对adj. 相反的cover vt. 包括;采访,报导;涉及n. 封面,封皮;盖子;掩蔽物vi. 覆盖;代替dab n. 轻拍;少量;熟手;比目鱼v. 轻拍;涂;轻擦;轻敷debate vt. 辩论,争论,讨论vi. 辩论,争论,讨论n. 辩论;辩论会demonstrate vt. 证明;展示;论证vi. 示威drain vi. 排水;流干vt. 喝光,耗尽;使流出;排掉水n. 排水;下水道,排水管;消耗gesture n. 姿态;手势vi. 作手势;用动作示意vt. 用动作表示greasy adj. 油腻的;含脂肪多的;谄媚的hypocritical adj. 虚伪的;伪善的imply vt. 意味;暗示;隐含indifference n. 漠不关心;冷淡;不重视;中立mop vt. 擦干;用拖把拖洗vi. 用拖把擦洗地板;扮鬼脸n. 拖把;蓬松的头发;鬼脸nozzle n. 喷嘴;管口;鼻overhear vt. 无意中听到;偷听vi. 无意中听到;偷听到pile n. 堆;大量;建筑群vt. 累积;打桩于vi. 挤;堆积;积累pinch vt. 捏;勒索;使苦恼;掐掉某物,修剪n. 匮乏;少量;夹痛vi. 夹痛;节省pitch vi. 倾斜;投掷;搭帐篷;坠落vt. 投;掷;定位于;用沥青涂;扎营;向前倾跌n. 沥青;音高;程度;树脂;倾斜;投掷;球场pound n. 英镑;重击,重击声;兽栏;拘留所vt. 捣烂;敲打;监禁,拘留vi. 连续重击,猛击press vt. 压;按;逼迫;紧抱vi. 压;逼;重压n. 压;按;新闻;出版社;[印刷] 印刷机racist n. 种族主义者;种族主义的rate n. 比率,率;速度;价格;等级vt. 认为;估价;责骂vi. 责骂;被评价refrigerator n. 冰箱,冷藏库relax vi. 放松,休息;松懈,松弛;变从容;休养vt. 放松;使休息;使松弛;缓和;使松懈rinse vt. 漱;冲洗掉;漂净n. 冲洗;漂洗;[轻] 染发剂;染发vi. 冲洗掉;漂净rummage vt. 检查;搜出;仔细搜查;翻找出n. 翻找;检查;查出的物件;零星杂物vi. 翻找;仔细搜查sake n. 目的;利益;理由;日本米酒silverware n. 银器;镀银餐具sink vi. 下沉;消沉;渗透vt. 使下沉;挖掘;使低落n. 水槽;洗涤槽;污水坑snap vt. 突然折断,拉断;猛咬;啪地关上vi. 咬;厉声说;咯嗒一声关上n. 猛咬;劈啪声;突然折断adj. 突然的spray n. 喷雾;喷雾器;水沫vt. 喷射vi. 喷squeeze vt. 挤;紧握;勒索vi. 压榨n. 压榨;紧握;拥挤;佣金statistics n. 统计;统计学;[统计] 统计资料surface n. 表面;表层;外观adj. 表面的,肤浅的vi. 浮出水面vt. 使浮出水面;使成平面terrific adj. 极好的;极其的,非常的;可怕的thoroughly adv. 彻底地,完全地tighten vt. 变紧;使变紧vi. 绷紧;变紧unattached adj. 独立的;未订婚的;未被查封的;未任命的wrist n. 手腕;腕关节vt. 用腕力移动。
现代大学英语精读Lesson2词汇短语
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Vocabulary1.birch 桦树2.bough 大树枝3.cabin 小木屋;飞机驾驶舱;船舱4.chase 追捕5.creek BrE 小湾;AmE 小溪stream6.alert1) adj. 警惕的watchful, vigilant2) vt 警醒to warn3) n. 警报Alert sb. to the danger of sth.On the alert7.chasechase the thiefchase the fears from one’s mindchase oneself 使闪过,使闪现Suspicion chased itself across his face.Chase silverware 刻银器,镂空Go and chase yourself! 走开!Synonyms pursue,drive8.crouch vi.Squat v. & n. & adj. 蹲坐Cower 畏缩Cringe 畏缩,退缩9.detain vt. 留住,耽搁;拘留,扣留I was detained by an unexpected caller that morming.Three men were detained as suspects.Detainer 挽留者;非法滞留;继续监禁Detainee (尤政)被拘留者Detainment10.pacevt. 踱步,走动;步测n. 步速;一步pace backwards and forwardspace the roomThe work progressed at a slow pace.It ‘s only ten paces from the house.11.dim v. (使)暗淡;adj. 昏暗的;迟钝的,愚笨的The light in the theatre began to dim.The outline of the mountain in the distance is dim.Some people are rather dim about their purposes of their lives.A dim futureTake d dim view of 不赞成12.drift v. & n. 漂流,流浪,漂移; 大意,要点,主旨let sth. drift13.leap v. 跳跃,飞跃leap over obstacles14.m antle n. 覆盖物,披风,斗篷dismantle 拆卸15.m eadow 牧场,草地,洼地16.m ischievousmischief n.17.muzzle 动物鼻口部18.poke vi. & vt. 伸出,戳出;刺,拨弄to push, to thrustpoke outpoke at sth.Poke one’s nose into 多管闲事Take a poke at sb. 打某人一拳Poke about/around 四处寻找Poke fun at 取笑,恶作剧戏弄19.r estless adj. 焦躁的,不得休息的20.rifle 步枪pistol 手枪21.r umble 隆隆声We could tell from the rumble of the thunder that the rainwas coming.22.shack 窝棚23.slash v. & n. 挥砍,削减;严厉批判,谴责slash the price down 砍价24.s mother v. (使)窒息,忍住smother a yawn/laughter /giggle/angersmother the firesmother a scandalbe smothered with leavesGrandparents tend to smother their children with affection.25.snarl 咆哮26.spear 用鱼叉刺27.squirrel 松鼠28.stir 搅拌29.toll1) v. 缓慢敲响For Whom The Bell TollsThe bell tolls the hour.2) n. 通行费A man collected tolls at the gateway.Toll bar 收费通行站3)损失,损耗Take its toll ,take a heavy toll 造成损失The cold and loss of blood were taking their toll.30.t rapper 诱骗;陷阱31.w himper 呜咽32.w iggle 扭动(small movements)33.faint v. 晕倒;adj. 微弱的;34.sail into 痛骂,猛击;驶进He often sails into his wife.35.i n full sail 全速前进36.s ail close to the wind 迎风航行37.t ake in sail 收帆38.u nder sail 航行中;升起帆39.s erveserve tea/coffee发球:Your serve. 你发球。
大学英语精读(2)英语知识点总结
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大学英语精读(2)英语知识点总结Unit 1 The Dinner Party1. shortly before WW1 一战前不久2. track down 追溯,追查3. be seated 就座4. spring up 突然出现,开始5. outgrow the jumping-on-a-chair-at the sight of a mouse era 不再像过去那样见到老鼠就跳到椅子上6. That last ounce of self-control is what really counts.这多出来的一点自制力才是真正起作用的。
7. motion to sb 向某人示意signal to sb8. whisper sth to sb 向某人嘀咕,耳语9. the America comes to with a start.这个美国博物学家突然醒悟了.Startle-----startled10. bait for a snake 蛇的诱饵11. an empty room 一个空房子a bare marble floor 没铺地毯的大理石地板barely any hair====hardly/scarcely any hair12. serve the next course 上下一道菜a course of dish 一道菜13. frighten sb into doing sth 吓得某人去做…persuade sb into doing sthtalk sb into doing sththreaten sb into doing sth14. out of the corner of his eyes 从他的眼角里15. Stare straight ahead 盯着往前看16. Not move a muscle 纹丝不动17. Make for 前往18.Ring out19. Slam the door shut20. Exclaim21. at the sight of 一看见at the thought of 一想起22. a heated/spirited discussion 一场激烈的争论22. an example of perfect self-control一个镇定自若的典范23. A faint smile lights up the hostess’s face.Two spots of color brightened her face.A strange expression came over her face.24. a colonial official 一个殖民地官员25. give a large dinner party 办一个盛大的晚宴26. a visiting American naturalist美国访问博物学家27. a spacious dining room 宽敞的餐厅28. the major 少校the colonel29. feel like doing sth 想要/喜欢做某事30. commotion 混乱,骚动31. The tone of his voice is so commanding that it silences everyone. 他的语调很威严,让每个人都静下来不出声.32. count three hundred 数三百下count up to three hundred 数到第三百下33. sit like stone images 像石雕一样坐着Sit rootedUnit 2 Lessons from Jeffersonbe of interest/important 很有趣/很重要obtain knowledge from many sources从许多源头获取知识personal investigation 个人调查appoint him to a committee 派他去一个委员会study papers on the subject 研究该课题的文件make on-the-spot observations 做现场观察By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.无论是论出身还是论教育,杰弗逊都属于最高的社会阶层.noble persons 贵族persons of noble origins 出身高贵的人persons of humble origins 出身卑微的人go ou t of one’s way to do sth 特意/专门去做某事a cooking pot 做饭的锅If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied. 如果也只有你愿意这样做,你才可能发现为什么人民不满意.Heaven has given you a mind for judging truth and error. Use it.上帝赋予你一个判断正确和错误的头脑,就运用它吧.form a correct judgment 形成正确的判断not hesitate a moment to do sth毫不犹豫地去做某事the former and the latter 前者和后者In a free country, there will always be conflicting ideas, and this is a source of strength.在一个自由的国度,总会有冲突的意见,而这正是力量的源泉.It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive.让自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致.There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions.每个问题都有两面.如果你有力地站在一方,那么另一方的人必定会憎恨你的行动.be chained to customs 受习俗的禁锢lose its usefulness 失去它的效用No society can make a perpetual constitution, or even a perpetual law. 任何一个社会都不能制定出永久的宪法或永久的法律.He did n’t fear new ideas, nor did he fear the future.他不惧怕新观点,也不惧怕未来.I steer my ship with hope, leaving fear behind.我满怀希望驾驶着帆船,把恐惧抛在身后.be based on knowledge 以知识为基石men of his age===peer 同龄人practice crop rotation and soil conservation 施行作物轮作和土壤保持standard practice 标准的做法be superior to any other in existence比现存的任何做法都优越be inferior to 不如…Of all Jefferson’s many talents, one is central.在杰弗逊的诸多才能中,其中一个是重要的.He was above all a good and tireless writer.首先,他是个优秀的不知疲倦的作家.Ageless-----parentless-----timeless31. complete works 全集32. when the time came to do sth当该做…的时候33. the task of writing it was his.撰写的任务都落在他的肩头了.34. We hold those truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.]我们坚信这些不言而喻的事实:人人生而平等.Every is born equal.35. He left his countrymen a rich legacy of ideas and examples.他给他的同胞留下一笔丰富的思想遗产和范例.36. owe a great debt to 归功于….====Be indebted to37. Only a nation of educated people could remain free. 只有一个由受教育的人民组成的国度才能保持自由.Unit 3 My First Jobapply for a teaching job 申请一份教学工作go from bad to worse 每况愈下enter university 进入大学in a suburb of London 在伦敦的郊区be very short of money 手头很紧Without a degree and with no experience in teaching, my chances of getting this job were slim. 一无学历,二无教学经历,我得到可能性是微乎其微. Chances of doing are/were……做某事的机会是……It proved an awkward journey. 这一路原来真是麻烦。
精读课文单词讲解
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例句
• Fear not the future; weep not for the past. • 不要畏惧未来,也不要为过去而哭泣。
• Laugh, and the world laughs with you; weep, and you weep alone. • 你笑,世界也会跟着你一起笑。你哭,却只能独自一人 • weep: 滴落,悲叹,滴下,哭泣,眼泪,哀悼流泪 • I weep for the drifting years. • 为了漂移的年月流过泪。 • Weep bitter tears of remorse. • 流下悔恨痛苦的泪水
tribe [ traib ]
• n. 1.(阶级社会以前的)部落 短语 One Tribe 同一个部落 ; 求黑 眼豆豆 ; 四海一家 My Tribe 我的部落 Secret Tribe 秘密部落 2.宗族 3.(古罗马的)部族;(古希 腊的)部族;宗族 – 短语 – The Lost Tribe 原始部落 ; 失落的部族 4.【圣经】(古代以色列的) 支族 5.一帮;一群;一批;同伙; 同辈 6.[口语]家庭;(尤指)大家 族 7.【生物学】族(动植物分 类单位) 8.(动植物的)类;群 9.【畜牧业】母族(承母系 的家畜的一族) 10.[复数]许多,大量 11.[美国俚语]棒球队
weep [wi:p]
weep [wi:p]
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • vi. 1. 哭泣,流泪: James broke down and wept. 詹姆斯控制不住感情哭了。 2. 悲痛,伤心;哀悼(与 for 连用): to weep for one's failure 为失败而感到悲痛 3. 滴水: Cold pipes weep in hot weather. 热天冷管子会滴水。 4. 渗出流体: The wound is weeping. 伤口有渗液。 5. (树木)弯垂
精读unit2课文
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1.genre英[ʒɑ:r] 美[ˈʒɑnrə] (文学、艺术等的)类型, 体裁, 风格Novel and short story are different genres.长篇小说和短篇故事是不同的类别。
2.not in the least .毫不, 全无I am not in the least afraid.我一点也不惧怕。
3.in the least adv..丝毫4.at least ..至少.无论如何;反正5.least of all 尤其是, 最不=especially not在许多…中最不…的no one knew where he was , least of all his family.Not least尤其,特别,重的(very important)The president …s speeches were alarming ,not least to the country‟s allies.The book caused a lot of bad feeling, not least among the students.那本书招致许多人的反感, 尤其是学生。
6.pop up 突然出现,出人意料的出现,冒出来pop round到…走一下。
做短暂拜访sb‟s eyes popped out of their head.(某人的眼睛鼓出来了,表示惊讶,兴奋)pop out =go outpop down到…去pop out one‟s eyes 睁开眼睛popgun气枪derogatory [di'rɔɡətəri]减损的, 毁损的, 贬抑的【语】贬义的a derogatory term贬义词derogatory from authority有损权威的7.表示一瞬间的词In a split second/In a second/In a moment/in a glank/in a word At short notice.In a twinkling of an eyeIn one breathIn the same breath8.c lear up1.把…收拾整齐, 打扫干净Shall we clear up before we go out?我们是不是在出去前把东西收拾好?When you finish your dinner, please clear up the kitchen.吃完晚饭后, 请你将厨房收拾干净。
现代大学英语精读2
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现代大学英语精读2P201、我们像在暖房里种花那样养孩子是错误的。
必须让他们接触各种社会问题,因为不久他们就将作为公民来应对这些问题。
It’s wrong to raise our children in the way that we grow flowers in the greenhouse.We must expose them to all social problems,because they will be dealing with them as citizen very soon.2、随着时间的推移,我们不可避免地会越来越多地卷入国际事务。
而冲突必然会发生,因为国家之间总有不同的观点和利益。
As time flying by,we are inevitably going to more and more involved in affairs.And conflict are sure to occur,because there are always different opinion and interest among nations.3、我们为我们的成就而骄傲,我们有理由感到骄傲。
但是我们永远不能变得狂妄,不然我们就会失去我们的朋友。
We are proud of our achievements and we have reason to be.But we must never be arrogant,or we will lose our friends。
4、信息现在唾手可得。
一个普通的电脑就能储存一个普通图书馆的信息。
Information is easily available now.An average computer can store the information of an average library.5、那家建筑公司没有资格操作这个项目。
现代大学英语精读2lesson 2
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自找麻烦
引狼入室
Working on the text…
• Spear
e.g. spear and shield
The huntsmen were ~ing fish from the river.
• Puppy
• Mantle
• Paraphrase: Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its place was a handsome black mantle.
His fur had changed. It used to be soft thick hair, and now it had turned into a beautiful black and was no longer woolly.
• wiggle
To move in small movements from side to side, or up and down
e.g. Henry wiggled his toes.
n. a wiggle of the hips
Get a ~ on! (Hurry up!)
Wiggle racer
The wolf is now extinct in Ireland, UK, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Hungary. It is endangered in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain. Only in Alaska, Canada and Russia, has the wolf found its last stronghold.
原版文章精读及词汇扩展(3)
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PROBLEMS AND ADVICEVariety丰富,多样化丰富多彩的生活a life full of change and varietyWe all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多样化.mental脑力的,精神的mental illnessmental picturemental healthphysicalcompromiseagreeWell,you want$400and I say$300,so let's compromise on$350.I compromised with him in the endRecreationoutdoor recreationindoor recreationa form of recreation消遣方式His only form of recreation is playing cards.Do sth for recreationShe cycles for recreationA recreation centerI_____went to restaurants when I was in Londonrarely=seldom(fl)=not oftengainNo pains,no gainsgain a degreegain a place in the universityreward vt回报,奖赏reward sb for doing sthHe gave the children some chocolate to reward them for behaving well. Teaching can be a rewarding careerhave sb sb‘‘s(best)interests at heart把某人的利益放在心头,关心某人=care very much about someoneHe has your best interests at heart,you know.We always have the interest of the customers at heart!no matter+w/h=w/h+everWhenever she comes,she brings a friend.I'll find him,wherever he is.She leaves her bedroom window open,however cold it is.o ffendThis game contains scenes that may offend youI stopped mid-sentence,not to offend my listenersdon’’t tip themYouYou’’ll offend the waiter if you donInsultYou’’ll insult the waiter if you call or shout at himYounsult sb sb’’s intelligencesocial eventsocial---societya social personan unsocial persona social evening社交,联谊晚会stands up for sb/sth维护某人、某事的利益Always stand up for your friends.要永远维护朋友的利益. You must stand up for your rights.你一定要维护自己的权利. stand up for yourself!Information Section Useful Words-ExamUseful Words-Off-listUseful Phrases。
现代大学英语精读2课文
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Unit1Another School Year — What ForLet me tell you one of the earliest disasters in my career as a teacher. It was January of 1940 and I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first semester at the University of Kansas City. Part of the student body was a beanpole with hair on top who came into my class, sat down, folded his arms, and looked at me as if to say "All right, teach me something." Two weeks later we started Hamlet. Three weeks later he came into my office with his hands on his hips. "Look," he said, "I came here to be a pharmacist. Why do I have to read this stuff" And not having a book of his own to point to, he pointed to mine which was lying on the desk.New as I was to the faculty, I could have told this specimen a number of things. I could have pointed out that he had enrolled, not in a drugstore-mechanics school, but in a college and that at the end of his course meant to reach for a scroll that read Bachelor of Science. It would not read: Qualified Pill-Grinding Technician. It would certify that he had specialized in pharmacy, but it would further certify that he had been exposed to some of the ideas mankind has generated within its history. That is to say, he had not entered a technical training schoolbut a university and in universities students enroll for both training and education.I could have told him all this, but it was fairly obvious he wasn't going to be around long enough for it to matter. Nevertheless, I was young and I had a high sense of duty and I tried to put it this way: "For the rest of your life," I said, "your days are going to average out to about twenty-four hours. They will be a little shorter when you are in love, and a little longer when you are out of love, but the average will tend to hold. For eight of these hours, more or less, you will be asleep.""Then for about eight hours of each working day you will, I hope, be usefully employed. Assume you have gone through pharmacy school —or engineering, or law school, or whatever —during those eight hours you will be using your professional skills. You will see to it that the cyanide stays out of the aspirin, that the bull doesn't jump the fence, or that your client doesn't go to the electric chair as a result of your incompetence. These are all useful pursuits. They involve skills every man must respect, and they can all bring you basic satisfactions. Along with everything else, they will probably be what puts food on your table, supports your wife, and rearsyour children. They will be your income, and may it always suffice.""But having finished the day's work, what do you do with those other eight hours Let's say you go home to your family. What sort of family are you raising Will the children ever be exposed to a reasonably penetrating idea at home Will you be presiding over a family that maintains some contact with the great democratic intellect Will there be a book in the house Will there be a painting a reasonably sensitive man can look at without shuddering Will the kids ever get to hear Bach" That is about what I said, but this particular pest was not interested. "Look," he said, "you professors raise your kids your way; I'll take care of my own. Me, I'm out to make money." "I hope you make a lot of it," I told him, "because you're going to be badly stuck for something to do when you're not signing checks."Fourteen years later I am still teaching, and I am here to tell you that the business of the college is not only to train you, but to put you in touch with what the best human minds have thought. If you have no time for Shakespeare, for a basic look at philosophy, for the continuity of the fine arts, for that lesson of man's development we call history — then you haveno business being in college. You are on your way to being that new species of mechanized savage, the push-button Neanderthal. Our colleges inevitably graduate a number of such life forms, but it cannot be said that they went to college; rather the college went through them — without making contact.No one gets to be a human being unaided. There is not time enough in a single lifetime to invent for oneself everything one needs to know in order to be a civilized human.Assume, for example, that you want to be a physicist. You pass the great stone halls of, say, M. I. T., and there cut into the stone are the names of the scientists. The chances are that few, if any, of you will leave your names to be cut into those stones. Yet any of you who managed to stay awake through part of a high school course in physics, knows more about physics than did many of those great scholars of the past. You know more because they left you what they knew, because you can start from what the past learned for you.And as this is true of the techniques of mankind, so it is true of mankind's spiritual resources. Most of these resources, both technical and spiritual, are stored in books. Books are man's peculiar accomplishment. When you have read a book, you have added to your human experience. Read Homer and your mindincludes a piece of Homer's mind. Through books you can acquire at least fragments of the mind and experience of Virgil, Dante, Shakespeare —the list is endless. For a great book is necessarily a gift; it offers you a life you have not the time to live yourself, and it takes you into a world you have not the time to travel in literal time. A civilized mind is, in essence, one that contains many such lives and many such worlds. If you are too much in a hurry, or too arrogantly proud of your own limitations, to accept as a gift to your humanity some pieces of the minds of Aristotle, or Chaucer, or Einstein, you are neither a developed human nor a useful citizen of a democracy.I think it was La Rochefoucauld who said that most people would never fall in love if they hadn't read about it. He might have said that no one would ever manage to become human if they hadn't read about it.I speak, I'm sure, for the faculty of the liberal arts college and for the faculties of the specialized schools as well, when I say that a university has no real existence and no real purpose except as it succeeds in putting you in touch, both as specialists and as humans, with those human minds your human mind needs to include. The faculty, by its very existence, saysimplicitly: "We have been aided by many people, and by many books, in our attempt to make ourselves some sort of storehouse of human experience. We are here to make available to you, as best we can, that expertise."Unit2Maheegun My BrotherThe year I found Maheegun, spring was late in coming. That day, I was spearing fish with my grandfather when I heard the faint crying and found the shivering wolf cub.As I bent down, he moved weakly toward me. I picked him up and put him inside my jacket. Little Maheegun gained strength after I got the first few drops of warm milk in him. He wiggled and soon he was full and warm.My grandfather finally agreed to let me keep him.That year, which was my 14th, was the happiest of my life. Not that we didn't have our troubles. Maheegun was the most mischievous wolf cub ever. He was curious too. Like looking into Grandma's sewing basket — which he upset, scattering thread and buttons all over the floor. At such times, she would chase him out with a broom and Maheegun would poke his head around the corner, waiting for things to quiet down.That summer Maheegun and I became hunting partners. We hunted the grasshoppers that leaped about like little rockets. And in the fall, after the first snow our games took us to the nearest meadows in search of field mice. By then, Maheegun was half grown. Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its place was a handsome black mantle.The winter months that came soon after were the happiest I could remember. They belonged only to Maheegun and myself. Often we would make a fire in the bushes. Maheegun would lay his head between his front paws, with his eyes on me as I told him stories. It all served to fog my mind with pleasure so that I forgot my Grandpa's repeated warnings, and one night left Maheegun unchained. The following morning in sailed Mrs. Yesno, wild with anger, who demanded Maheegun be shot because he had killed her rooster. The next morning, my grandpa announced that we were going to take Maheegun to the north shack.By the time we reached the lake where the trapper's shack stood, Maheegun seemed to have become restless. Often he would sit with his nose to the sky, turning his head this way and that as if to check the wind.The warmth of the stove soon brought sleep to me. But something caused me to wake up with a start. I sat up, and in themoon-flooded cabin was my grandfather standing beside me. "Come and see, son," whispered my grandfather.Outside the moon was full and the world looked all white with snow. He pointed to a rock that stood high at the edge of the lake. On the top was the clear outline of a great wolf sitting still, ears pointed, alert, listening."Maheegun," whispered my grandfather.Slowly the wolf raised his muzzle. "Oooo-oo-wow-wowoo-oooo!" The whole white world thrilled to that wild cry. Then after a while, from the distance came a softer call in reply. Maheegun stirred, with the deep rumble of pleasure in his throat. He slipped down the rock and headed out across the ice."He's gone," I said."Yes, he's gone to that young she-wolf." My grandfather slowly filled his pipe. "He will take her for life, hunt for her, protect her. This is the way the Creator planned life. No man can change it."I tried to tell myself it was all for the best, but it was hard to lose my brother.For the next two years I was as busy as a squirrel storing nuts for the winter. But once or twice when I heard wolf cries from distant hills, I would still wonder if Maheegun, in his battlefor life, found time to remember me.It was not long after that I found the answer.Easter came early that year and during the holidays I went to visit my cousins.My uncle was to bring me home in his truck. But he was detained by some urgent business. So I decided to come back home on my own.A mile down the road I slipped into my snowshoes and turned into the bush. The strong sunshine had dimmed. I had not gone far before big flakes of snow began drifting down.The snow thickened fast. I could not locate the tall pine that stood on the north slope of Little Mountain. I circled to my right and stumbled into a snow-filled creek bed. By then the snow had made a blanket of white darkness, but I knew only too well there should have been no creek there.I tried to travel west but only to hit the creek again. I knew I had gone in a great circle and I was lost.There was only one thing to do. Camp for the night and hope that by morning the storm would have blown itself out. I quickly made a bed of boughs and started a fire with the bark of an old dead birch. The first night I was comfortable enough. But when the first gray light came I realized that I was in deep trouble.The storm was even worse. Everything had been smothered by the fierce whiteness.The light of another day still saw no end to the storm. I began to get confused. I couldn't recall whether it had been storming for three or four days.Then came the clear dawn. A great white stillness had taken over and with it, biting cold. My supply of wood was almost gone. There must be more.Slashing off green branches with my knife, I cut my hand and blood spurted freely from my wound. It was some time before the bleeding stopped. I wrapped my hand with a piece of cloth I tore off from my shirt. After some time, my fingers grew cold and numb, so I took the bandage off and threw it away.How long I squatted over my dying fire I don't know. But then I saw the gray shadow between the trees. It was a timber wolf. He had followed the blood spots on the snow to the blood-soaked bandage."Yap... yap... yap... yoooo!" The howl seemed to freeze the world with fear.It was the food cry. He was calling, "Come, brothers, I have found meat." And I was the meat!Soon his hunting partner came to join him. Any time now, Ithought, their teeth would pierce my bones.Suddenly the world exploded in snarls. I was thrown against the branches of the shelter. But I felt no pain. And a great silence had come. Slowly I worked my way out of the snow and raised my head. There, about 50 feet away, crouched my two attackers with their tails between their legs. Then I heard a noise to my side and turned my head. There stood a giant black wolf. It was Maheegun, and he had driven off the others. "Maheegun... Maheegun...," I sobbed, as I moved through the snow toward him. "My brother, my brother," I said, giving him my hand. He reached out and licked at the dried blood.I got my little fire going again, and as I squatted by it, I started to cry. Maybe it was relief or weakness or both — I don't know. Maheegun whimpered too.Maheegun stayed with me through the long night, watching me with those big eyes. The cold and loss of blood were taking their toll.The sun was midway across the sky when I noticed how restless Maheegun had become. He would run away a few paces — head up, listening — then run back to me. Then I heard. It was dogs. It was the searching party! I put the last of my birch bark on the fire and fanned it into life.The sound of the dogs grew louder. Then the voices of men. Suddenly, as if by magic, the police dog team came up out of the creek bed, and a man came running toward my fire. It was my grandfather.The old hunter stopped suddenly when he saw the wolf. He raised his rifle. "Don't shoot!" I screamed and ran toward him, falling through the snow. "It's Maheegun. Don't shoot!"He lowered his rifle. Then I fell forward on my face, into the snow.I woke up in my bedroom. It was quite some time before my eyes came into focus enough to see my grandfather sitting by my bed. "You have slept three days," he said softly. "The doc says you will be all right in a week or two.""And Maheegun" I asked weakly."He should be fine. He is with his own kind."Unit3More Crime and Less PunishmentIf you are looking for an explanation of why we don't get tough with criminals, you need only look at the numbers. Each year almost a third of the households in America are victims of violence or theft. This amounts to more than 41 million crimes,many more than we are able to punish. There are also too many criminals. The best estimates suggest that 36 million to 40 million people (16 to 18 percent of the U. S. population) have arrest records for nontraffic offenses. We already have 2. 4 million people under some form of correctional supervision, 412, 000 of them locked away in a prison cell. We don't have room for any more!The painful fact is that the more crime there is the less we are able to punish it. This is why the certainty and severity of punishment must go down when the crime rate goes up. Countries like Saudi Arabia can afford to give out harsh punishments precisely because they have so little crime. But can we afford to cut off the hands of those who committed more than 35 million property crimes each year Can we send them to prison Can we execute more than 22,000 murderersWe need to think about the relationship between punishment and crime in a new way. A decade of careful research has failed to provide clear and convincing evidence that the threat of punishment reduces crime. We think that punishment deters crime, but it just might be the other way around. It just might be that crime deters punishment: that there is so much crime that it simply cannot be punished.This is the situation we find ourselves in today. Just as the decline in the number of high-school graduates has made it easier to gain admission to the college of one's choice, the gradual increase in the criminal population has made it more difficult to get into prison. While elite colleges and universities still have high standards of admissions, some of the most "exclusive" prisons now require about five prior serious crimes before an inmate is accepted into their correctional program. Our current crop of prisoners is an elite group, on the whole much more serious offenders than those who were once imprisoned in Alcatraz.These features show that it makes little sense to blame the police, judges or correctional personnel for being soft on criminals. There is not much else they can do. The police can't find most criminals and those they do find are difficult and costly to convict. Those convicted can't all be sent to prison. The society demands that we do everything we can against crime. The practical reality is that there is very little the police, courts or prisons can do about the crime problem. The criminal justice system must then become as powerless as a parent who has charge of hundreds of teenage children and who is nonetheless expected to answer the TV message: "It's 10 o'clock!Do you know where your children are"A few statistics from the Justice Department's recent "Report to the Nation on Crime and Justice" illustrate my point. Of every 100 serious crimes committed in America, only 33 are actually reported to the police. Of the 33 reported, about six lead to arrest. Of the six arrested, only three are prosecuted and convicted. The others are rejected or dismissed due to evidence or witness problems or are sent elsewhere for medical treatment instead of punishment. Of the three convicted, only one is sent to prison. The other two are allowed to live in their community under supervision. Of the select few sent to prison, more than half receive a maximum sentence of five years. The average inmate, however, leaves prison in about two years. Most prisoners gain early release not because parole boards are too easy on crime, but because it is much cheaper to supervise a criminal in the community. And, of course, prison officials must make room for the new prisoners sent almost daily from the courts.We could, of course, get tough with the people we already have in prison and keep them locked up for longer periods of time. Yet when measured against the lower crime rates this would probably produce, longer prison sentences are not worth thecost to state and local governments. Besides, those states that have tried to gain voters' approval for bonds to build new prisons often discover that the public is unwilling to pay for prison construction.And if it were willing to pay, long prison sentences may not be effective in reducing crime. In 1981, 124,000 convicts were released from prison. If we had kept them in jail for an additional year, how many crimes would have been prevented While it is not possible to know the true amount of crime committed by people released from prison in any given year, we do know the extent to which those under parole are jailed again for major crime convictions. This number is a surprisingly low 6 percent (after three years it rises to only 11 percent). Even if released prisoners commit an average of two crimes each, this would amount to only 15,000 crimes prevented: a drop in the bucket when measured against the 41 million crimes committed each year.More time spent in prison is also more expensive. The best estimates are that it costs an average of $13,000 to keep a person in prison for one year. If we had a place to keep the 124,000 released prisoners, it would have cost us $ billion to prevent 15,000 crimes. This works out to more than $100,000 percrime prevented. But there is more. With the average cost of prison construction running around $50,000 per bed, it would cost more than $6 billion to build the necessary cells. The first-year operating cost would be $150,000 per crime prevented, worth it if the victim were you or me, but much too expensive to be feasible as a national policy.Faced with the reality of the numbers, I will not be so foolish as to suggest a solution to the crime problem. My contribution to the public debate begins and ends with this simple observation: getting tough with criminals is not the answer.Unit4The Nightingale and the Rose "She said that she would dance with me if I brought her red roses," cried the young Student, "but in all my garden there is no red rose."From her nest in the oak tree the Nightingale heard him and she looked out through the leaves and wondered."No red rose in all my garden!" he cried, and his beautiful eyes filled with tears. "Ah, I have read all that the wise men have written, and all the secrets of philosophy are mine, yet for want of a red rose my life is made wretched.""Here at last is a true lover," said the Nightingale. "Night after night have I sung of him, and now I see him."The Prince gives a ball tomorrow night," murmured the young Student, "and my love will be there. If I bring her a red rose she will dance with me till dawn. I shall hold her in my arms, and she will lean her head upon my shoulder. But there is no red rose in my garden, so I shall sit lonely and my heart will break.""Here, indeed, is the true lover," said the Nightingale. Surely love is a wonderful thing. It is more precious than emeralds and opals."The musicians will play upon their stringed instruments," said the young Student, "and my love will dance to the sound of the harp and the violin. She will dance so lightly that her feet will not touch the floor. But with me she will not dance, for I have no red rose to give her," and he flung himself down on the grass, and buried his face in his hands, and wept. "Why is he weeping" asked a green Lizard, as he ran past him with his tail in the air."Why, indeed" said a Butterfly, who was fluttering about after a sunbeam."Why, indeed" whispered a Daisy to his neighbor, in a soft, lowvoice."He is weeping for a red rose," said the Nightingale. "For a red rose" they cried, "how very ridiculous!" and the little Lizard, who was something of a cynic, laughed outright. But the Nightingale understood the Student's sorrow, and sat silent in the Oak-tree.Suddenly she spread her brown wings for flight, and soared into the air. She passed through the grove like a shadow and like a shadow she sailed across the garden.In the centre of the grass-plot stood a beautiful Rose-tree, and when she saw it she flew over to it. "Give me a red rose," she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song."But the Tree shook its head."My roses are white," it answered, "as white as the foam of the sea, and whiter than the snow upon the mountain. But go to my brother who grows round the old sun-dial, and perhaps he will give you what you want."So the Nightingale flew over to the Rose-tree that was growing round the old sun-dial."Give me a red rose," she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song." But the Tree shook its head."My roses are yellow," it answered, "as yellow as the hair ofthe mermaiden, and yellower than the daffodil that blooms In the meadow. But go to my brother who grows beneath the Student's window, and perhaps he will give you what you want."So the Nightingale flew over to the Rose-tree that was growing beneath the Student's window."Give me a red rose," she cried, "and I will sing you my sweetest song." But the Tree shook its head."My roses are red," it answered, "as red as the feet of the dove, and redder than the great fans of coral. But the winter has chilled my veins, and the frost has nipped my buds, and the storm has broken my branches, and I shall have no roses at all this year.""One red rose is all that I want," cried the Nightingale, "only one red rose! Is there no way by which I can get it" "There is a way," answered the Tree, "but it is so terrible that I dare not tell it to you.""Tell it to me," said the Nightingale, "I am not afraid." "If you want a red rose," said the Tree, "you must build it out of music by moonlight, and stain it with your own heart's blood. You must sing to me with your breast against a thorn. All night long you must sing to me, and the thorn must pierce your heart, and your life-blood must flow into my veins, and become mine.""Death is a great price to pay for a red rose," cried the Nightingale, "and life is very dear to all. Yet love is better than life, and what is the heart of a bird compared to the heart of a man"So she spread her brown wings for flight, and soared into the air. She swept over the garden like a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed through the grove.The young Student was still lying on the grass, and the tears were not yet dry in his beautiful eyes. "Be happy," cried the Nightingale, "be happy, you shall have your red rose. I will build it out of music by moonlight, and stain it with my own heart's blood. All that I ask of you in return is that you will be a true lover."The Student looked up from the grass, and listened, but he could not understand what the Nightingale was saying to him. But the Oak-tree understood and felt sad, for he was very fond of the little Nightingale. "Sing me one last song," he whispered. "I shall feel lonely when you are gone."So the Nightingale sang to the Oak-tree, and her voice was like water bubbling from a silver jar.When she had finished her song, the Student got up."She has form," he said to himself, as he walked away. "Thatcannot be denied. But has she got feeling I am afraid not. In fact, like most artists, she is all style without any sincerity." And he went to his room, and lay down on his bed, and after a time, he fell asleep.And when the Moon shone in the heaven, the Nightingale flew to the Rose-tree, and set her breast against the thorn. All night long she sang with her breast against the thorn, and the cold crystal Moon leaned down and listened. All night long she sang, and the thorn went deeper into her breast, and her life-blood ebbed away from her.She sang first of the birth of love in the heart of a boy and a girl. And on the topmost spray of the Rose-tree there blossomed a marvelous rose, petal following petal, as song followed song.But the Tree cried to the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn. "Press closer, little Nightingale," cried the Tree, "or the Day will come before the rose is finished."So the Nightingale pressed closer against the thorn, and louder and louder grew her song, for she sang of the birth of passion in the soul of a man and a maid.And a delicate flush of pink came into the leaves of the rose, like the flush in the face of the bridegroom when he kisses thelips of the bride. But the thorn had not yet reached her heart so the rose's heart remained white.And the Tree cried to the Nightingale to press closer against the thorn. "Press closer, little Nightingale," cried the Tree, "or the Day will come before the rose is finished."So the Nightingale pressed closer against the thorn, and the thorn touched her heart, and a fierce pang of pain shot through her. Bitter, bitter was the pain, and wilder and wilder grew her song, for she sang of the Love that is perfected by Death, of the Love that dies not in the tomb.And the marvelous rose became crimson. Crimson was the girdle of petals, and crimson as ruby was the heart.But the Nightingale's voice grew fainter and a film came over her eyes. Fainter and fainter grew her song, and she felt something choking her in her throat.Then she gave one last burst of music. The white Moon heard it, and she forgot the dawn, and lingered on in the sky. The Red Rose heard it, and trembled all over with ecstasy, and opened its petals in the cold morning air."Look, look!" cried the Tree, "the rose is finished now." But the Nightingale made no answer, for she was lying dead in the long grass, with the thorn in her heart.。
英语精读2单词
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argume nt |n.| d iscus sionby pe rsons whodisag ree;dispu te 争论;辩论U1as sume|vt.| 假定,臆断U1atthe s ightof o n see ing 一看见U1bai t |n.| fo od us ed to attr act f ish,anima ls, o r bir ds so that they maybe ca ught诱饵U1bar e |a.| no t cov ered(with a ca rpet); wit houtcloth ing;empty不铺地毯的;赤裸的;光秃的U1b e sea ted sit d own U1bo unce|n.|弹力U1ch eerfu l |a.| 愉快的U1cobr a |n.| po isono us sn ake f oundin In dia a nd Af rica眼镜蛇U1co lonia l |a.| of or r elate d toa col ony o r col onies殖民地的U1comma nding|a.| aut horit ative威严的U1c ommot ion |n.|noisy conf usion or e xcite ment混乱;骚动U1contr act |vi.| beco me sh orter or s malle r 收缩U1c ontra ction|n.| 收缩U1c oordi natin g |a.| 并列的U1craw l |v i.| m ove s lowly by p ullin g the body alon g the grou nd 爬行;起鸡皮疙瘩U1cris is |pl.|(cris es) |n.| t ime o f dif ficul ty, d anger, etc. 危机U1d emons trate|vt.| 证实;表明U1de spite|pr ep.|尽管U1dis tinct ion |n.|区分;差别U1emerg e |v i.| c ome o r app ear (fromsomew here)U1emerg ence|n.|出现,浮现U1era|n.|时代;年代U1fain t |a.| we ak; i ndist inct微弱的;不明显的U1fe el li ke h ave a liki ng fo r; wi sh fo r 想要U1f ootst ep |n.| 脚步声U1for feit|vt.| suf fer t he lo ss of (sth.) as a pu nishm ent (作为惩罚而)失去U1gr eenis h glo w 浅绿色的光U1he ated|a.| with stro ng, e xcite d, an d oft en an gry f eelin gs 热烈的;激烈的U1host|n.|男主人U1h ostes s |n.| 女主人U1imag e |n.| st atue雕像U1imp ulse|n.| sudd en wi sh to do s th. 冲动U1Indi a 印度U1light up makeor be comebrigh t wit h lig ht or colo r 照亮;变亮U1lik ely |a.|proba ble 可能的U1mak e for mov e tow ards走向U1mal e |a.| 男(性)的U1ma rble|n.|大理石U1m arvel|n.| 奇迹U1M ona G ardne r 莫娜·加德纳U1m otion|vi.| gi ve asigna l bymovin g the hand or h ead 打手势;点(或摇)头示意U1musc le |n.| 肌肉U1natu ralis t |n.| on e who make s a s pecia l stu dy of plan ts or anim als o utdoo rs 博物学家(尤指直接观察动植物者)U1n otice able|a.|显而易见的U1ounc e |n.| 盎司;少量U1ou tgrow|vt.| (o utgre w, ou tgrow n) le ave b ehind, asone g rowsolderor m ore m ature长大得使…不再适用;成长得不再要U1ove rtake|vt.| 赶上;超过U1pi gtail|n.| 辫子U1p ostag e |n.| 邮费U1rafte r |n.| on e ofthe s lopin g bea ms th at su pport theroof椽U1reac tion|n.| (a c ase o r way of)react ing;respo nse 反应U1reac t |v i.| a ct or beha ve in a pa rticu lar w ay in answ er 作出反应;反应U1resum e |v.| 恢复U1ringout sound loud ly an d cle arly突然响起U1r odent|n.| 啮齿动物U1rupe e |n.| un it of curr encyin In dia,Pakis tan,etc.卢比U1sex|n.| 性(别)U1shor tly |ad.| soon; (in) a l ittle time不久,马上U1skil led |a.|熟练的,有技术的U1sl am |vt.|shutloudl y and with forc e 砰地关上U1spac ious|a.| big; havi ng mu ch sp ace 广阔的;宽敞的U1spir ited|a.| full of s pirit; liv ely U1sp ringup b eginsudde nly;growup qu ickly突然开始;迅速生长U1steep|a.| 陡峭的U1strid e |n.| 大步U1track down fin d ordisco ver b y hun tingor se archi ng 追捕到;追查到U1uncar peted|a.| 未铺地毯的U1une xpect ed |a.| n ot ex pecte d 意外的U1veran da |n.| 游廊,走廊,阳台U1wan der |vi.|漫游;蜿蜒U1wide n |v.| ma ke or beco me wi der U1Wy nnes温兹(姓氏) U1a s plitt ing h eadac he 剧烈的头痛U2a boveall mostimpor tantof al l 首先,尤其是U2Ab raham Linc oln 亚伯拉罕·林肯U2act on act a ccord ing t o 按照…行事U2act ion |n.|the p roces s ofdoing thin gs; s th. d one 行动过程;行动U2 adol escen t |n.| 青少年U2Afri can-A meric an |n.| 非洲裔美国人U2anniv ersar y |n.| th e yea rly r eturn of a spec ial d ate 周年纪念日U2 a nnual|a.| 每年的,年度的U2a ppoin t |v t.| p ut (s b.) i n a p ositi on 任命U2appoi ntmen t |n.| 任命;职务;约会U2arch(a)eo logy|n.| stud y ofancie nt th ings, esp. rema ins o f pre histo ric t imes考古学U2ar chite cture|n.| art andscien ce of buil ding建筑术;建筑学U2 ass ociat e |v.| 把…联系在一起U2astir|v.| 轰动起来U2(be) gene rally ackn owled ged 被公认为U2b eside s |p rep.| as w ell a s; in addi tionto 除…之外(还) U.2|ad.|in a dditi on; a lso 而且,还U2bo rder|vi.| 接近;近似U2Bru ce Bl iven布鲁斯·布利文U2ca noe |n.|light boat move d bya pad dle 独木舟U2cap itol|n.|(美国)州议会大厦U2cerem ony |n.|典礼,仪式U2chara cteri stic|n.|特性,特征U2circ umsta nce |n.|情况,境遇U2civil|a.| 公民的;国内的U2c offin|n.| 棺材U2c ommit tee |n.|a gro up of peop le ch osenfor s pecia l dut ies 委员会U2con flict|vi.| be oppo sed;clash冲突|n.| d isagr eemen t; cl ash;fight U2congr ess |n.|国会,议会U2conse rvati on |n.| p rotec tingfromlossor fr om be ing u sed u p 保护;保存U2con serve|vt.| 保护,保存U2co nstit ution|n.| 宪法;章程U2cou ntrym an |n.| a pers on fr om on e's o wn co untry同胞U2cr eate|vt.| mak e (st h. th at ha s not been made befo re) 创造U2crea tion|n.|创造U2cr itic|n.| pers on wh o mak es ju dgmen ts ab out t he go od an d bad qual ities of s th.;perso n who poin ts ou t mis takes评论家;批评者U2cr itici sm |n.| u nfavo rable rema rks o r jud gment s 批评U2c ritic ize |vt.|批评,批判U2debt|n.| sth. owe d tosb. e lse 债(务) U2de clara tion|n.| docu mentconta ining an o pen p ublic anno uncem ent 宣言U2diss atisf y |v t.| f ail t o sat isfy; disp lease使不满U2d issat isfie d |a.| 不满意的U2doo rway|n.|门道U2ec onomy|n.| 经济U2e dge |v.|加边U2edu cate|vt.| tra in; t eachhow t o rea d, wr ite,think, etc. U2 emph asize|vt.| 强调U2error|n.| mis take; sth. done wron gly U2es teem|n.|尊重U2ev il |n.| s th. b ad; s in 邪恶,罪恶|a.| v ery b ad 邪恶的,坏的U2e xiste nce |n.|the s tateof ex istin g 存在U2f edera l |a.| 联邦的U2form er |a.| 以前的U2Fra nce 法国U2gar dener|n.| per son w ho wo rks i n a g arden eith er fo r pay or a s a h obby园丁U2gen erous|a.| 宽宏大量的U2Geo rge W ashin gton乔治·华盛顿U2goout o f one's wa y (to do s th.)take part icula r tro uble; make a sp ecial effo rt 特地U2Greek|n.| 希腊人U2hatre d |n.| 仇恨U2Heave n 上帝;天堂U2he sitat e |v i.| f eel d oubtf ul; b e und ecide d 犹豫,迟疑不决U2h esita tion|n.|犹豫U2hu mble|a.| lowin po sitio n 地位低下的U2ide alism|n.| 理想主义;唯心主义U2in e xiste nce exist ing 存在U2in t he de ad of nigh t 在深夜U2inde pende nce |n.|freed om fr om th e con trolof ot hers独立U2ind ividu al |a.| 个别的U2inf inite|a.| 无限的U2influ ence|vt.| hav e aneffec t on影响U2inv estig ation|n.| det ailed or c arefu l exa minat ion 调查U2inve stiga te |vt.|调查U2jud gment|n.| opi nion判断,看法U2Lafay ette拉斐特U2l eader|n.| 领袖,领导者U2le ave...to leave (sb.) incharg e of交托,委托U2leave behi nd a bando n; fa il to take or b ring丢弃;留下,忘带U2 le gacy|n.| sth. that oneperso n lea ves t o ano therwhenhe di es 遗产U2light bulb灯泡U2l ivest ock |n.|牲畜U2man ual |a.|用手的;体力的U2mea ns of tran sport ation运输工具U2memo rial|n.|纪念堂(碑) U2Nat ional Guar d 国民自卫军U2na tiona lity|n.|民族U2ne phew|n.| theson o f one's br other or s ister U2noble man |n.|贵族U2obt ain |vt.| getthrou gh ef fort获得U2on-the-s pot |a.|at th e pla ce of theactio n 现场的U2oppon ent |n.|敌手,对手;反对者U2o rigin|n.| par entag e; bi rth;begin ning血统;出身;起源U2pa rade|vt.| 使受检阅,展示U2p erpet ual |a.|never-endi ng; g oingon fo r a l ong t ime o r wit houtstopp ing 永恒的;连续不断的U2Ph ilade lphia费城(美国港市)U2philo sophy|n.| 哲学U2p olicy|n.| 政策U2p roces sion|n.|队伍,行列U2ra il |n.| 栏杆;围栏U2r ebell ion |n.|反抗U2ref ormer|n.| 改革家U2rejec t |v t.| r efuse to t ake,belie ve, u se or cons ider拒绝U2rej ectio n |n.| 拒绝U2remar k |v t.| s ay; c ommen t 说;评论 |n.| 话语;评论U2rep resen t |v t.| 代表U2rese nt |vt.|feelangry or b itter at 对…愤恨;对…不满U2ro tatio n |n.| 轮作;旋转U2ro tate|v.|旋转U2sc orn |v.|蔑视U2sel f-con sciou s |a.| 害羞的U2self-evid ent |a.|clear with out p roof不言而喻的U2self-suffi cient|a.| 自给自足的U2sen se |n.| 道理U2serm on |n.| 讲道U2serv ices|n.|仪式U2sp eaker|n.| 演讲人U2speci es |n.| 种U2split|vt.| 劈开U2stage|v.| 上演U2s uperi or |a.| g ood o r bet ter i n qua lityor va lue 较好的;优的U2super iorit y |n.| 优越U2super visio n |n.| 指导U2tame|v.|驯服U2te legra ph |n.| 电报U2temp le |n.| 神殿,庙宇U2t errit ory |n.|领土;区域U2the D eclar ation of I ndepe ndenc e 《独立宣言》U2t he Ja mes R iver詹姆斯河U2Thoma s Jef ferso n 托马斯·杰斐逊U2thoug htful|a.| 关心的,体贴的,考虑周到的U2threa ten |vt.| hang over dang erous ly; u ttera thr eat a gains t 威胁U2t hreat|n.| 威胁U2t hrill|vi.| ha ve averyexcit ing f eelin g 非常激动U2tire less|a.| neve r orrarel y get tingtired U2torch|n.| 火炬,火把U2tre atmen t |n.| 待遇,对待U2un derli e |v.| 构成…的基础U2u nion|n.|团结;联合U2unqu estio ning|a.| give n ordonewitho ut qu estio n ordoubt U2virtu e |n.| 美德;优点U2vo lume|n.| book, esp. one of a setof bo oks 卷;册U2wit hdraw|vi.| 退出U2worsh ip |n.| 崇拜U2writ er |n.| p erson whowrite s esp. asa way of e arnin g mon ey 作家U2wrong|n.| 邪恶U2a dvert ise |vt.| make know n topeopl e byprint ing a noti ce in ane wspap er, e tc. o r bybroad casti ng on tele visio n, et c. 为…做广告U3ad verti semen t |n.| 广告U3aggre ssive ness|n.|咄咄逼人U3ah |inter j.| (a cry of s urpri se, p ity,pain, joy, disl ike,etc.)啊U3 alg ebra|n.|代数(学)U3ambi tious|a.| 有抱负的U3atta ch |vt.|give(to); fast en (t o) 把…给予;系,贴U3atta ch im porta nce t o co nside r imp ortan t 重视U3a ttitu de |n.| 态度U3awkw ard |a.|causi ng di fficu lty,embar rassm ent o r inc onven ience造成困难、尴尬或不便的;令人尴尬的U3be shor t ofnothavin g eno ugh o f 缺少U3b loods hot |a.|(眼睛)充血的U3boo tlace|n.| sho elace fora hig h sho e orboot靴带U3bri ck |n.| 砖U3brisk|a.| 敏捷的U3cabba ge |n.| 卷心菜U3cer tific ate |n.|证 ( 明 ) 书U3c losin g add ress闭幕词U3c olone l |n.| 上校U3consi st |vi.|be ma de up (由…)组成,构成U3consi st of bemadeup of U3const itute|vt.| fo rm; m ake u p; be组成,构成U3crad le |n.| 摇篮U3cric ket |n.|板球U3Cro ydon克洛伊登(英国地名) U3crum b |n.| ve ry sm all,broke n pie ce of brea d orcake面包屑;糕饼屑U3cus toms|n.|海关U3de press|vt.| ma ke sa d 使沮丧U3depre ssion|n.| 沮丧,消沉U3dis appro val |n.|unfav orabl e opi nionor fe eling; dis like不赞成;不满U3disg ust |n.|厌恶U3dis may |vt.| make disc ourag ed or afra id 使灰心;使害怕U3dismi ss |v.| 把…打发走U3e asy-g oing|a.|随和的U3e nroll|v.| 招收U3e vergr een |a.|withgreen leav es th rough out t he ye ar 常绿的U3flig ht |n.| 楼梯的一段U3f orehe ad |n.| p art o f the face abov e the eyeb rowsand b elowthe h air 额,前额U3fo rmal|a.|正规的U3f ume |n.|stron g-sme lling smok e, ga s orvapou r (浓烈难闻的)烟、气、汽U3g eomet ry |n.| 几何学U3gra vel |n.|砾石U3gru nt |vt.|咕哝着说出U3in co mmonshar ed wi th sb. els e 共有的,共同的U3i n tur n on e aft er an other轮流U3in compe tent|a.| comp letel y uns killf ul; n ot go od en oughat do ing a job, etc.无能力的;不胜任的U3indig nity|n.| inju ry to one's dig nity; insu lt 侮辱U3infer ring|n.|推论U3in tervi ew |n.| 面试;接见;会见U3jew eler|n.|珠宝商U3j udgin g byform ing a n opi nionbased on U3ke ep yo ur he ad 保持镇静U3le isure|n.| fre e tim e; ti me wh ich o ne ca n spe nd as onelikes闲暇;悠闲U3loca l |a.| of, spe cialto, a plac e ordistr ict 当地的;地方性的U3 mai l |n.| 邮件U3moust ache|n.| hair grow ing o n the uppe r lip小胡子U3m umble|vt.| sp eak (tr) u nclea rly 含糊地说U3Ne gro |n.|黑人U3obv iousl y |a d.| a s can be c learl y see n; pl ainly明显地,显然U3obv ious|a.|明显的U3o ptica l |a.| 光的;眼的,视力的U3opt icalcompa ny 眼镜公司U3ov erton e |v.| 暗示U3plus|pre p.| w ith t he ad ditio n of加(上)U3p olish|v.| 擦亮U3p rivat e |n.| so ldier of t he lo westrank列兵;士兵U3promp tly |ad.|迅速地U3p rospe ct |n.| s th. e xpect ed or cons idere d pro bable; pos sibil ity 期望中的事;展望;前景U3prote st |n.| 抗议 U.1 |vi.| exp ressa str ong o bject ion 抗议;反对U3p unch|vt.| 使劲敲,猛击U3pu rpose ly |ad.|故意地U3ra nge |vi.| vary betw een c ertai n lim its (一定范围内)变动U3re comme ndati on |n.| 推荐信U3rés umé|n.|简历U3Rob ert B est 罗伯特·贝斯特(人名)U3sala ry |n.| f ixed(usua lly m onthl y) pa y for regu lar w ork 薪水U3 set-up |n.| a rrang ement U3shrub|n.| low bush with seve ral w oodystems灌木U3sk ywrit ing |n.|空中文字U3s lim |a.|small, sli ght;slend er 微小的;苗条的U3smell of have, give outthe s mellof 有…的气味U3sn eak |v.|溜U3stal e |a.| no t fre sh 不新鲜的U3str aw |n.| 稻草;麦秆U3s uburb|n.| out er ar ea of a to wn or city, whe re pe oplelive郊区U3sus picio us |a.| 可疑的U3tak e the whee l 驾驶U3terms|n.| 条件U3t he Mi nistr y ofEduca tion教育部U3t he Un itedKingd om 联合王国U3th under|vi.| 吼叫U3tdwri ter |n.|打字机U3ul timat e |a.| gr eates t; ut most; last or f inal最大的;终极的;最终的U3undo|vt.| un tie,unfas ten 解开;松开U3u tterl y |a d.| 完全地U3vit al |a.| v ery n ecess ary;of th e gre atest impo rtanc e 必不可少的;极其重要的U3Ya nkee|n.|北方佬U3a seri es of a n umber of (thing s orevent s) of thesamekindthatfollo w eac hoth er 一系列,一连串U4Alber t Ein stein阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦U4ambi tion|n.| stro ng de sirefor s ucces s, po wer,riche s, et c. 野心;抱负U4ap plica tion|n.| usin g 应用U4a pproa ch |n.| m ethod of d oingsth.方式,方法U4as fa r asto t he de greethat到…程度U4a t eas e fr ee fr om wo rry o r ner vousn ess;comfo rtabl e U4atom ic |a.| o f orconce rning an a tom o r ato ms 原子的U4atom|n.| 原子U4a we |v.| 敬畏U4bala nce |n.|condi tionof be ing s teady平衡|v.| k eep i n a s tateof ba lance U4bankr upt |n.|破产者U4be am |vt.|定向发出U.5 |vi.|lookor sm ile h appil y and chee rfull y 面露喜色;高兴地微笑U4bea rd |n.| h air o f the lowe r par t ofthe f ace (exclu dingthe m ousta che)胡须U4bel ievein h ave c onfid encein th e val ue of U4bewil der |vt.| conf use;puzzl e 把…弄糊涂;使迷惑U4capa ble o f ha vingthe a bilit y, po wer o r inc linat ion (to do sth.) U4 capa ble |a.|ableU4c apabi lity|n.|能力,才能U4civi lized|a.| 文明的U4civil izati on |n.| 文化,文明U4c ivili ze |vt.|使文明,教化U4clap|v.| 鼓掌U4c ome t o ter ms wi th a ccept (sth. one does notwantto ac cept) anddealwithit in thebestway o ne ca n 与…达成协议;与…妥协U4co ncept|n.| 概念U4c orres pond|vi.| exc hange lett ers r egula rly 通信U4curi osity|n.| des ire t o kno w orlearn好奇心U4d educe|vt.| re ach a conc lusio n byreaso ning演绎,推断U4deduc tion|n.|演绎,推断U4dese rve |vt.|应受,值得U4disp lay |vt.| show展示U4du nk |vt.|put u nderwater fora lim itedtime把…浸一浸U4dynam ite |n.|甘油炸药U4e ase |n.|freed om fr om wo rk, d iscom fort, trou ble,diffi culty, wor ry, e tc. 悠闲;舒适;自在;安心U4emoti on |n.| s trong feel ing U4eq uatio n |n.| 方程式U4excl usive ly |ad.|only; comp letel y U4excl usive|a.| 独占的,唯一的U4e xplos ive |n.|炸药U4fam e |n.| (c ondit ion o f) be ing f amous U4final ly |ad.|at la st; l astly最终;最后U4fina ncial|a.| 金融的;财政的U4f law |n.|fault缺点,瑕疵U4fore sight|n.| 预见U4f rustr ate |vt.| caus e tohavefeeli ngs o f ann oyeddisap point ment; defe at 使沮丧;挫败U4f rustr ation|n.| 沮丧U4f uncti on |vi.|workU4g lory|n.|光荣,荣誉U4hous ehold|n.| all thepeopl e liv ing i n a h ouse|a.|famil iar a nd co mmonU4h ouseh old t d |n.| td or n ame k nownand s poken of b y alm ost e veryo ne 家喻户晓的词(或名字)U4i mmune|a.| 有免疫力的;不受影响的U4im munit y |n.| 免疫性U4impr ess |vt.| have a st rongeffec t onthe m ind o r fee lings of 给…深刻的印象U4inju re |vt.|伤害U4int ellec tual|a.|智力的U4j ealou sy |n.| e nvy 妒忌U4jeal ous |a.|嫉妒的U4Jo sephBlank约瑟夫·布兰克U4l itera ture|n.|文学U4lo gic the s cienc e ormetho d ofreaso ning逻辑(学);推理(法) U4 loop|vt.| 把(绳等)打成环 |n.| 圈,环U4lover|n.| 爱好者;情人U4ma nkind|n.| 人类U4m ean n othin g tobe o f noimpor tance to U4mo dest|a.| havi ng or expr essin g a n ot to o hig h opi nionof on e's m erits, abi litie s, et c. 谦虚的U4Nobe l Pri ze 诺贝尔奖U4ob serve|vt.| se e and noti ce; w atchcaref ullyU4o ff ba lance not in b alanc e; un stead y 失去平衡的U4ori ginal|a.| 有独创性的U4out stand ing |a.|杰出的U4ow ing t o 由于U4pad |n.|a num ber o f she ets o f wri tingpaper fixe d alo ng on e edg e 便笺簿U4perso nalit y |n.| ch aract er 个性U4photo elect ric |a.|光电的U4ph ysiol ogy |n.|生理学U4po int |n.|意义U4pre tensi on |n.| 矫饰,做作,虚荣U4pri ncipl e |n.| 原理;原则U4pr ofoun d |a.| ne eding much thou ght o r stu dy to unde rstan d; de ep 深奥的;深刻的U4prude nt |a.| 慎重的U4pur sue |vt.| work at;be bu sy wi th; g o onwith从事;忙于;继续U4 pu zzle|n.| sth. that onecanno t und ersta nd or expl ain 谜U4razor|n.| sha rp in strum ent f or ta kinghairoff t he bo dy 剃刀U4react or |n.| 反应堆U4rea sonin g |n.| pr ocess of r eachi ng co nclus ionsby us ing o ne'sreaso n 推理U4r epeat edly|ad.| aga in an d aga in U4rev ert |vi.| retu rn (t o a f ormer stat e, co nditi on, e tc.)回复,回返U4serie s |n.| gr oup o f thi ngs o f the same kind that come oneafter anot her 系列;套,组U4shave|vt.| cu t off (hai r orbeard) wit h a r azorU4s hed |n.|棚U4shru g |v.| li ft (t he sh oulde rs) s light ly (t o sho w ind iffer ence, doub t, et c.) 耸肩U4simp licit y |n.| st ate o f bei ng si mple; abse nce o f pre tense简单;简朴;单纯U4s ingle outchoo se fr om agroup forspeci al tr eatme nt 选出,挑出U4sk illfu l |a.| 灵巧的,娴熟的U4so mu ch so that tosuchan ex tentthatU4s oluti on |n.| m ethod of s olvin g a p roble m U4stat esman|n.| pol itica l orgover nment lead er, e sp. o ne wh o iswiseand f air-m inded政治家U4s tatio nery|n.| pape r for writ ing l etter s, us u. wi th ma tchin g env elope s; wr iting mate rials信笺;文具U4take apar t se parat e (asmall mach ine,clock, etc.) in to pi eces拆开U4the Crim ean W ar 克里米亚战争U4theor ist|n.|perso n who form s the ories理论家U4t heory|n.| (ex plana tionof th e) ge neral prin ciple s ofan ar t orscien ce 理论U4theor etica l |a.| 理论上的U4the reaft er |ad.|after that; aft erwar ds U4Tho mas L ee Bu cky 托马斯·李·巴基U4tu be |n.| 管;软管U4un ivers e |n.| ev eryth ing t hat e xists, esp. all phys icalmatte r, in cludi ng al l the star s, pl anets,gala xies, etc. in s pace宇宙;天地万物U4use less|a.|无用的,无价值的U4v anity|n.| sta te of bein g too prou d ofonese lf or one's loo ks, a bilit ies,etc.虚荣心U4wa terma rk |n.| m ark m ade o n pap er by themaker, see n whe n itis he ld ag ainst ligh t 水印U4w eapon|n.| 武器U4W oolwo rth 伍尔沃思(姓氏) U4wo rk ou t so lve,findthe a nswer to 解决;算出;想出U4yo-yo |n.| 溜溜球(一种用线扯动使忽上忽下的轮形玩具)U4acre|n.| meas ure o f lan d ofabout 4,050 squ are m eters英亩U5al terna tive|n.| oneof tw o ormorepossi bilit ies 选择 |a.| tha t canbe u sed i nstea d ofsth.else; othe r; di ffere nt 可替代的;其他的;不同的U5alumi num |n.|铝U5Anta rctic a 南极洲U5appa rent|a.| seem ing r eal o r tru e, bu t not nece ssari ly so; cle arlyseenorun derst ood;obvio us 貌似真实的;显然的,明明白白的U5ap paren tly |ad.| acco rding to t he wa y sth. app ears; as f ar as oneknows or c an se e 似乎,好像;显然U5aster oid |n.|小行星U5as trona ut |n.| 宇航员U5atfirst atthe b eginn ing 起先,开始时U5benea th |prep.| dir ectly unde r 在…下面U5by i tself una ided; alon e 自动地;独自地U5c alori e |n.| 卡路里U5cell|n.| 电池U5c entri fugal forc e 离心力U5coas tal |a.|of or near a co ast 海岸的U5col lapse|vi.| fa ll do wn su ddenl y; br eak d own;failsudde nly o r com plete ly 倒塌;崩溃;彻底失败U5co me ab out takeplace; hap pen 发生U5comp ete |vi.| tryto wi n sth. bydefea tingother s who aretryin g todo th esam e 竞争;对抗U5con necti on |n.| a rela tions hip b etwee n thi ngs o r eve nts 联系U5 cons ume |vt.| eator dr ink,buy (goods or s ervic es),use u p (aresou rce)吃;喝;消费;耗尽U5c onver t |v.| ch angefromone f orm o r use to a nothe r (使)转变;(使)变成U5cr eep |vi.| move or d evelo p ver y slo wly;moveslowl y, qu ietly andcaref ully, esp. bend ing d own s o asnot t o beseen渐渐发展,悄然变化;潜行,蹑手蹑脚地走U5c rust|n.|地壳U5cu t dow n fe ll 砍倒U5cylin der |n.|圆柱状物U5d ioxid e |n.| 二氧化物U5dis appea r |v i.| b ecome no l onger visi ble;stopexist ing;be lo st or impo ssibl e tofind, esp. with out e xplan ation消失;消亡;不见U5d istin ct |a.| e asily sens ed or unde rstoo d; de finit e 清晰的;明白无误的U5do (sb.)harmcaus e dam age o r inj ury t o (sb.) 对(某人)造成损害(或伤害)U5dou ghnut|n.| 环状物U5engin e |n.| 发动机U5equa tor|n.|赤道U5ess entia l |a.| ab solut ely n ecess ary;extre melyimpor tant必不可少的;非常重要的U5esti mate|vt.| for m a r oughor ge neral idea (ofsth.); cal culat e rou ghly估计;估算 |n.|U5facto r |n.| an y ofthe t hings that caus e orinflu encesth.因素U5fer tile|a.|肥沃的U5f irstof al l mo st im porta ntly首先,第一U5fract ion |n.|small part, amo unt o r pro porti on of; div ision of a numb er 小部分,一点儿;分数,小数U5from year to y ear every year formanyyears年复一年地,每年U5g as |n.| s ubsta nce s uch a s air that is n eithe r a s olidnor a liqu id; l iquid fuel that is b urned forprodu cingpower in t he en gines of c ars 气体;汽油U5g lacie r |n.| 冰川U5go up ris e; in creas e 上升;增长U5gra vity|n.|地心引力U5Green land格陵兰(位于北美洲东北,世界第一大岛)U5imita tion|n.|仿制品U5i n all like lihoo d al mostcerta inly十之八九,极有可能U5i nfrar ed |a.| 红外线的U5in land|ad.|,|a.| inor to wards themiddl e ofa cou ntry; away from thecoast在(向)内陆,在(向)内地;内陆的,内地的U5in tensi fy |v.| 加强U5inte rior|a.| situ atedwithi n orinsid e; in ner 内部的 U.5 |n.| inn er pa rt; i nside内部U5Is aac A simov艾萨克·阿西莫夫(1920-1992),美国著名的科普作家U5labo rator y |n.| 实验室U5libe rate|vt.| fre e (sb./sth.) fr om asitua tionin wh ich t hey a re re stric ted i n som eway释放;解放,解救U5likel ihood|n.| cha nce;possi bilit y 可能(性)U5low-lyin g |a.| (o f lan d) at or n ear t he le vel o f the sea低洼的U5lu nar |a.|月球的U5me lt |v.| (cause to)becom e liq uid t hroug h hea ting(使)融化U5milit ary |a.|relat ing t o the arme d for ces 军事的U5mos t ofall morethananyth ing e lse 最,尤其是U5n uclea r |a.| 核子的;核能的;核武器的U5objec t tooppo se; e xpres s dis pleas ure a t 反对;不喜欢U5ob serva tory|n.|气象台U5o rbit|n.|轨道U5ou ter |n.|外层的U5pa rachu te |n.| 降落伞U5par liame nt |n.| 议会U5pers pecti ve |n.| p ointof vi ew 视角;观点U5po isono us |a.| c ontai ningor pr oduci ng po ison有毒的U5po ison|n.|毒物,毒药U5pola r |a.| of or n ear t he No rth o r Sou th Po le (近)极地的U5p ressu re |n.| f orcepress ing o n sb. or s th.;worri ed fe eling that youget w hen y ou ha ve to deal with a di fficu lt or comp licat ed si tuati on 压力;精神负担U5radia te |v.| s end o ut ra ys of ligh t orheat; (oflight or h eat)be se nt ou t fro m sth. byradia tion放射;辐射U5radia tion|n.|辐射U5re flect|v.| 反射U5r eplac e |v t.| t ake t he pl ace o f (sb./sth.); g et ri d of(sb./sth.) andput a newone i nthe ir pl ace;put s th. b ack i n its plac e 取代;更新;把… 放回原处U5 repl ant |vt.| prov ide (an ar ea) w ith n ew pl antsor tr ees;plant (a t ree o r pla ntwh ich h as be en du g up) agai n (在…)重新栽种草木U5res ource|n.| 资源U5r ocket|n.| 火箭U5R ussia俄罗斯(东欧国家)U5scra p |v.| 废弃U5serve as be us ed fo r a p artic ularpurpo se 起…作用;被用作U5sett lemen t |n.| 居留地U5sham|n.| 骗局U5s melt|v.|熔炼U5so lar |a.|of, c oncer ningor re lated to t he su n 太阳的U5spher e |n.| 球(体)U5spl ash |vi.| (ofa liq uid)moves or h its s th. n oisil y 溅落,拍打 |n.| so und o fliq uid h ittin g sth. 溅泼声,拍打声U5s tarva tion|n.| suff ering or d eathcause d bylackof fo od 饥饿;饿死U5starv e |v.| (m ake s b.) s uffer seve relyor di e fro m hun ger (使)饥饿;(使)饿死U5stead ily |ad.| in a n eve n and regu lar w ay wi thout bein g int errup ted 稳定地,持续地U5stea dy |a.| 稳定的U5sto rage|n.|储藏U5st ructu re |n.| o rgani zatio n orsyste m mad e ofmanyparts that work toge ther; theway i n whi ch th e par ts of sth. areorgan izedor ar range d int o a w hole机构,组织;结构U5su btrop ical|a.|亚热带的U5sunli ght |n.|the l ightfromthe s un 阳光U5tank|n.|油罐U5te nd |v.| b e lik ely (to) 倾向,有某种趋势U5the Brit ish I sles不列颠群岛(位于西欧,包括不列颠和爱尔兰两个大岛及附近5500多个小岛)U5the Nile尼罗河(位于非洲东北部,世界最大的河流之一)U5t issue|n.| sub stanc e tha t ani mal a nd pl ant c ellsare m ade o f; pi ece o f sof t thi npap er us ed es p. fo r wip ing y our n ose 组织;手巾纸U5to ma ke ma tters wors e wi th th e res ult t hat a badsitua tionis ma de wo rse 使情况更糟的是U5tran spare nt |a.| a llowi ng li ght t o pas s thr oughso th at ob jects behi nd ca n beseenclear ly 透明的U5。
研究生英语精读教程课文原文+翻译+短文unit2
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Cancer & Chemicals-Are We Going Too Far?Marla ConeLast year, California governor George Deukmejian called together many of the state's best scientific minds to begin implementing Proposition 65, the state's Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act. This new law bans industries from discharging chemical suspected of causing cancer (carcinogens) or birth defects into water supplies. Some claim it will also require warning labels on everything that might cause cancer.去年,加利福尼亚州州长乔治·德米加召集本州许多优秀的科学家开会,开始执行第65号提案,即州安全饮用水和毒品实施法案。
这一新法令禁止各工业部门向水源中排放被怀疑致癌和引起先天缺陷的化学物质。
有些人宣称,新法律还要求在一切可能致癌的物品上贴上警告标签。
A day of esotericscience and incomprehensible jargonwas predicted. But Bruce Ames, chairman of the department of biochemistry at the University of California at Berkeley, had plans to liven the proceedings.原来预计,开会那天将全是些玄妙的科学和难懂的术语,但加州大学伯克利分校生物化学系系主任布鲁斯·爱姆兹却打算使会议开得更有生气。
原版文章精读及词汇扩展(2)
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原版文章精读及词汇扩展(2)Noisy NeighboursI live in a quiet street, where most people don’t make a lot of noise–except for our next-door neighbours!A few weeks ago, Mum and Dad had a big argument with them. Everyone was shouting at each other. Mum said she couldn’t sleep at night time because their music was too loud. This doesn’t bother Dad, because he works on the night shift(夜班), but what bothers him is their dog, which keeps him awake in the daytime by barking and barking when he’s trying to sleep. He says it does this because it’s lonely. The barking doesn’t bother me because I’m at school in the daytime, and it doesn’t bother Mum either, because she’s at work during the day.The next day, everything was quiet at the neighbours’ house. Mum said they must have learned their lesson, but Dad said they were probably just out and he didn’t think anything would change, and it turned out that he was right. They were away for a few days, but when they came back, Mum and Dad started arguing with them again. Mum said the music they played didn’t even have a tune! Dad said they didn’t deserve to own a dog if they couldn’t look after it p roperly. It was so disagreeable with everyone fighting, so I hoped they would all reach an agreement quickly.A few days later, the police came to our place. Mum and Dad were outside talking when the neighbours started up their music. Mum stood on the balcony and shouted at them. She said she couldn’t hear herself think with all that endless noise. Then the dog started barking because Mum was shouting. Then Dad started shouting at the dog. The neighbours came out and argued too. Then we all heard a police siren(汽笛,警报器)! Everyone stopped shouting when the police car stopped outside. The policemen said the neighbours on the other side of the street had complained about all the shouting. They called the police because their baby woke up and started crying!Mum didn’t know what to say, but finally she started laughing. That started Dad off, and then the neighbours joined in. The policeman didn’t know what was going on. When Mum explained that they were arguing because of the noise the neighbours were making, they started laughing too. Mum apologised to the lady with the baby. The neighbour with the dog apologised to Dad. Mum said the music was okay but asked them to please play it more quietly. Ever since that day, we have had a more peaceful life. I am so glad that everyone has learned to compromise and get on better now.(444 words)except for+名词:Every one is here except LucyI can answer all the questions except for the last.The meal was excellent except for the first course.argumenthave an argument with sbhave a fight with sbquarrel with sb长难句分析What bothers him is their dog, which keeps him awake in the daytime by barking and barking when he’s trying to sleep.at the neighbours’at the+人名+’s=at the+职业+’s=重点句型:it turns out that…reach an agreementI wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain.So we made a compromise重点短语:see sb do/doing1.Did anybody see the accident (happen/happening)?2.We listened to the old man (tell/telling) his story from beginning to end.3.Listen! Can you hear a baby (cry/crying)?4.We watched the two men (open/opening) a window and (climb/climbing) through it into the house 5.When we got home, we found our cat (sleep/sleeping) on the table.complain的用法complain about sthHe complained about the poor service.complain to sbHe complained to the waitercomplain to sb about sth____________________________________(扩展) make a complaintapologize的用法apologize to sbI must apologize to your sister.apologize for sthI apologized for my behaviour.apologize to sb for sth_________________________(扩展)Make an apology。
原版精读文章(2)+词汇阅读练习进阶
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ReadingTypes of musicClassicalJazzPopRockDanceFolk musicPOP VERSUS ROCKPop and rock music are becoming more and more similar,but there are some important differences.Most pop singers make music their career. They use music to become rich and famous, and they sing songs that will be liked by everybody. Rock singers, on the other hand, make music their life. They play music to satisfy their inner(内心的)desire. They do not think how much money they can make from a song: instead, they sing for their feelings and live for music.on the other hand 另一方面例句:Blessings on the other hand extend love from one to another.在另一方面,祝福他人,让爱从你扩展到别人。
拓展:on the one hand 一方面e.g. On one hand, I am your teacher, and on the other hand, I am also your friend.一方面我是你的老师,另一方面,我也是你的朋友。
satisfy v. 满足例句:The meat didn’t satisfy the need of this tiger. 肉不能满足这只老虎的需要。
现代大学英语精读2单词
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现代大学英语精读2Unit 1Accomplishment n. the act of finishing sth. completely and successfully; achievement Acquire v. to gain; to get for oneself by one's own workArrogantly adv. behaving in a proud and self-important wayArt n. art, music, theatre, literature, etc. when you think of them as agroup (统称) 艺术; fine ~ 美术Aspirin n. 阿司匹林(解热镇痛药)Assume v. to take as a fact; to supposeAvailable adj. able to be used or easily foundAverage v. to calculate the average of sth. ; ~ out 其平均数为Beanpole n. (infml) a very tall and thin personBull n. a male cowCertify v. to state that sth. is true or correct, esp. after some kind of test Civilized adj. educated and refined; having an advanced cultureClient n. a person who pays for help or advice from a person or organization Contain v. to have sth. Inside or as part of itContinuity n. the state of being continuousCyanide n. 氰化物Democratic adj. based on the idea that everyone should have equal rights and should be involved in making important decisions 民主的Disaster n. a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering. Here: a complete failureDrugstore n. (AmE) a shop which sells medicine (and a variety of other things) Employ v. (here) to spend time doing sth.Enroll v. to officially arrange to join a school or universityEssence n. the most important quality or feature of sth.; in ~ 本质上Expertise n. skill in a particular fieldExpose v. to enable sb. to see or experience new things or learn about newbeliefs, ideas, etc.Faculty n. (AmE) all the teachers of a university or collegeFragment n. a small piece of sth.Generate v. to produceGrind v. to crush into small pieces or powder by pressing between hard surfaces Hip n. the fleshy part of either side of the human body above the legs Humanity n. the qualities of being humanImplicitly adv. in an implied way 含蓄地Incompetence n. lack of the skill or ability to do your job or a task as it should be done 无能Inevitable adj. certain to happen and impossible to avoidIntellect n. power of thought 思维能力Invent v. to produce or design sth. that has not existed beforeLiteral adj. in the basic meaning of a wordMaintain v. to continue to have as beforeNeanderthal n. an early type of human being who lived in Europe during the StoneAgeNevertheless adv. in spite of that; yetPeculiar adj. belonging only to a particular person; special; oddPenetrating adj. showing the ability to understand things clearly and deeply Pest n. (infml) an annoying personPharmacy n. a shop where medicines are prepared and sold. Here: the study ofpreparing drugs or medicinesPhilosophy n. the study of the nature and meaning of existence, reality, etc. 哲学Physicist n. a scientist who studies physics 物理学家Pill n. a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole; ~ grinding 药剂碾磨Preside v. to lead; to be in charge; ~ over 主持Professional adj. relating to the work that a person does for an occupation, esp. work that requires special trainingPursuit n. the act of trying to achieve sth. in a determined waypush-button adj. using computers or electronic equipment rather than traditionalmethodsqualified adj. having suitable knowledge or experience for a particular job raise v. (AmE) to care for a child or young animal until it is able to take care of itselfrear v. to care for a person or an animal until they are fully grown resources n. possessions in the form of wealth, property, skills, etc. that you have 资源savage n. an uncivilized human beingscroll n. Here: a certificate of an academic degreesemester n. one of the two periods into which the year is divided in American high schools and universities (=term in BrE)sensitive adj. able to understand or appreciate art, music or literature shudder v. to shake uncontrollably for a momentskill n. particular ability or type of abilityspecialize v. to limit all or most of one's study to particular subjectsspecialist 专家species n. (infml) a type; a sortspecimen n. (here) a person who is unusual in some way and has a quality of aparticular kindspiritual adj. related to your spirit rather than to your body or mindstore v. to keepstuck adj. not knowing what to do in a particular situation; be ~ for 因为……而不知所措suffice v. to be enoughunaided adj. without help from anyone or anything 独立的Unit 5Advocate v. to support an idea or a plan publiclyAmusement n. enjoymentAntique adj. being old and therefore valuableAutomatic adj. Automatic Teller Machine(ATM) 自动取款机Battlefield n. a place where a battle is being fought or has been fought 战场Bicentennial n. the day or year exactly 200 years after a particular eventBriefing n. a meeting or document in which people receive information orinstructions; news ~ 新闻发布会Burst n. a short period of a particular activity or strong emotion that oftenstarts suddenlyCabinet n. a piece of furniture with doors, shelves or drawers for storing things;medicine ~ 药橱Carriage n. a wheeled vehicle, especially a private horse-drawn vehicleCD n. abbr. for “compact disk,” a small disk on which sound or informationis recordedCheckerboard n. a board on which chess and checkers are played, divided into 64 squaresof two alternating colors 棋盘,方格图案Classic adj. accepted or deserving to be accepted as one of the best or mostimportant of its kind 经典的Compress v. to force into less space 压缩Condense v. to put into a smaller or shortened form 紧缩; 缩小Confederate adj. belonging to a political union of states; the Confederate army 美国内战时期的南方军队Consist v. ~ of : to be formed from the things or people mentioned 由……组成Constantly adv. (AmE) all the time; repeatedly 始终; 一直地Convenience n. the condition of being suitable to one's needs and easy to reachCredit n. ~ card : a small plastic card that you can use to buy goods or servicesand pay for them later 信用卡Current adj. (AmE) of the present time; ~ events 时事Defer v. to delay until a later dateDiet n. a limited range and amount of food you eat when you want to get thinner Digest n. a short piece of writing that gives the most important facts from abook, report, etc. 文摘Dots n. (pl.) small round marks 小点Excerpt n. a short piece of writing, music, film, etc. taken from a longer wholeExit n. a way out of a public building or vehicleExplore v. to travel to or around an area in order to learn about itEyewitness n. a person who has seen a crime, accident, etc. and can describe itafterwards 目击证人Fax v. to transmit (printed matter or an image) by electronic means 发传真Featureless adj. uninteresting, without noticeable featuresFix n. (imfml) a solution to a problem esp. an easy or temporary one; quick ~ 即时解决方案Flash v. to pass very quicklyGorgeous adj. (infml) very beautiful or attravtiveGratification n. satisfactionGratify v. to please or satisfyGuaranteed adj. be ~ to: to be certain toHerd n. a group of animals of one kind which lives and feeds togetherIceberg n. a large piece of ice floating in the sea, most of which is below thesurfaceIgnore v. not to take notice ofInfect v. to pass on a disease to sb.; to corruptInterstate n. a very wide road for long distance between US statesLakeside n. the area around the edge of a lakeLane n. the two or three parallel areas on a main road which are divided by paintedlines to keep fast and slow traffic apart; the fast ~ 快车道Latest adj. the most recent or newest 最新的Lifestyle n. the way a person or a group of people lives and worksLinger v. to stay a little longer because you do not want to leave; ~ over 徘徊于……Liposuction n. the removal of fat from sb's body by means of suction 脂肪抽吸(术) Microwave n. a high-frequency electromagnetic wave 微波(炉)Miracle n. (infml) an event that cannot be explained according to the laws of nature;~ diet 速效减肥食谱Mph n. abbr. for miles per hourOutlet n. a shop through which products are sold; here: (工厂附设的)门市部Overnight adv. during the night; (here infml) suddenlyPastoral adj. typical of the simple peaceful life in the country 田园风光的Paycheck n. a salary checkPennsylvania n. a state of the eastern United Statas 宾夕法尼亚州Polaroid n. a trademark 宝丽来(一次成像的照相机)predigested adj. (of information) put in a simple form 经过简化、压缩的quality adj. of a high standard; ~ time (尤指和孩子一起度过的)宝贵时光; 优质时间rack n. 货架; off the ~ (AmE) 现成的rear n. ~-view mirror: a mirror in which a driver can see the traffic behind后视镜reduce v. to make sth. less or smaller in size; be ~d to 缩小成……refresh v. to make sb. feel less tired or less hotrevitalize v. to put new strength and power intoroute n. the way from one place to another on a mapsalad n. a mixture of raw vegetables or fruitscale n. an instrument for weighting people or things 秤scenery n. natural surroundings in beautiful and open countryscreen n. the surface of a computer display 电脑屏幕skim v. to move through (life) quickly, hardly touching the surfaceslide v. to pass by quietly without being noticed; ~ by 溜过去speed v. to make sth. move or happen faster; ~ out of control 疯狂加速到失去控制spicy adj. (food) having a pleasantly strong taste 辛辣的stuff v. (infml) to fill a container or space with sth.; (here) to eat a lot of food or too much foodsubtle adj. hardly noticeable unless you pay careful attention微妙的superficially adv. on the surface; not deeply or thoroughlysupermarket n. a large shop where a customer can choose from a large number ofdifferent kinds of food or other goodssymbolically adv. Relating to, or expressed by means of symbols 象征性地symphony n. a musical work for a large group of instruments 交响乐theme n. a short simple tune that is repeated and developed in a piece of music乐曲主题tour v. to visit for pleasureturnpike n. (AmE) a large road for fast traffic, esp. one that drivers have to payto use 收费公路urge n. a strong wish for sth.VCR n. abbr. for video cassette recorder 录像机Version n. a slightly different form of sth. (book, film, story, etc.) form theoriginal 版本Wander v. to walk slowly without a purposeWest Virginia n. a state of the western United States 西弗吉尼亚州Unit 6Abandon v. to leave a person, a thing or place, esp. because it is impossible to stay with the person or stay at the placeAccumulation n. the state of getting more and more of sth. over a period of time Attached adj. full of affection for sb./sth.Attachment n. a strong feeling of affection for sb./sth.; form ~ 产生感情Barbed-wire adj. of wire having a barb or barbs 带刺铁丝的Binoculars n. an instrument, like two small telescopes fixed together, that makes objects that are far away seem nearer when you look through it 双筒望远镜Blissful adj. extremely happyBrim v. (of a cup, container, etc.) to be so full of a liquid that it flows over the edge; ~ over 溢出Bug n. (esp. AmE) any small insectCarve v. to write sth. on a surface by cutting it; ~d stone 石雕Castle n. ancient ~ 古城堡Cathedral n. the main church of a district of a district under the care of a Bishop (= a priest of high rank)Clumsily adv. of lacking physical coordination, skill, or grace; awkwardly 笨拙地Dangle v. to hang or swing freely; ~ from one’s neck 在……脖子上挂着Definitely adv. a way of emphasizing sth. that is true and that there is no doubt aboutitDense adj. containing a lot of people, things, plants, etc. with little spacebetween them 茂密的,浓密的Ease n. the state of feeling relaxed or comfortable; put sb. at~ 使舒适; 使感到自在Echo v. to repeat (a sound) by the reflection of sound waves from a surface 发出回声; 起反响,起共鸣Familiarity n. the state of knowing sb. or sth. wellFascinated adj. very interestedFellow adj. used to describe sb. who is the same as you in some way; ~ students同学Fortress n. a building or place that has been strengthened and protected fromattackFossil n. the remains of an animal or plant which have become hard and turnedinto rockFrail adj. physically weak and thinFront v. to serve as a front for 装饰……的正面; glass- ~ed case 以玻璃罩面的书柜Gamekeeper n. a person whose job is to take care of the wild animals on a piece of privateland 猎场看守人Glimpse v. to see sb./sth. for a moment, but not very clearlyGlow v. to shine with a soft color; ~ pinkly 发出粉红色的光Hike v. to go for a long walk in the countryHoly adj. important in a religious sense 神圣的Identify v. to recognize sb./sth. and be able to say who or what they are Illustration n. a drawing or picture in a book, magazine, etc., esp. one thatexplains sth.Immense adj. extremely large or greatInsect n. any small creature with six legs and a body divided into three parts Instinctively adv. by instinctInvisible adj. cannot be seenIvory n. a hard yellowish-white substance like bone that forms the long teethof elephants and some other animals; figures of ~ 象牙雕刻的人物Impenetrable adj. impossible to be entered, passed through or seen through 难以渗透的Inclined adj. tending to do sth.; less ~ to laugh 不喜欢笑; 不想笑Laurel n. a bush with dark smooth shiny leaves that remain on the bush and staygreen through the year 月桂树Legacy n. a situation that exists now because of events, actions that took placein the past 遗留的东西,遗产Major adj. large or importantMunch v. to eat sth. steadily and noisily, esp. sth. crispyNetwork n. a complicated system of roads, lines, tubes, nerves, etc. that crosseach other; a ~ of paths 交织的小路Nickname n. an informal, often humorous, name for a person 绰号Odds and ends n. (infml) small items that are not valuables or are not part of a largestset 零星物件Overseas adv. to or in a foreign country; go ~ 出国Patchwork n. a thing that is made up of many different pieces or parts 拼成的图案或其他物件Pheasant n. a large bird with a long tail, the male of which is brightly colored野鸡Pillar n. a large stone, metal or wooden post that is used to support a bridge,the roof of a buildingPotential n. the possibility of sth. happening 潜在性,可能性Practically adv. almost, very nearlyPrivate adv. opposite of public, enjoyed only by a particular person or a group,not for everyone; ~paradise 僻静的天地Proceed v. to move or travel in a particular directionProperty n. land and the building on it 房地产Regarding prep. Concerning sb./sth.Rewarding adj. worth doing; that makes you happy because you think it useful orimportant; ~ friendship 使人受益匪浅的友谊Roam v. to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction;~ the woods 林间散步Rocket v. to move very fast; ~ off 突然飞出去Rustle v. to make sounds like leaves or paper moving or rubbing together发出树叶的沙沙声Seemingly adv. in a way that appears to be true but may in fact not be; ~ different貌似不同Shortbread n. (BrE, also shortcake) a rich crispy biscuit/cookie made with flour,sugar, and a lot of butter 黄油甜酥饼干Soccer n. (AmE) footballSoul n. a person’s inner character containing true thoughts and feelingsSting v. (strung, strung) to hurt or make sth. hurt with a sudden sharp painfor a short time; ~ one’s eyes 刺眼Surround v. to be around sth./sb. on every sideSuspect v. to think that sth. is probably true or likely to happenTart n. an open pie filled with sweet food such as fruit; jam ~ 果酱派Tome n. (fml) a large heavy book, esp. one dealing with a serious topicTrespass v. to enter land or a building that you do not have the permission orthe right toTrunk n. the thick main stem of a treeTutor v. to teachTwitter n. a series of short high sounds that birds makeVaulted adj. made in the shape of an arch or a series of arches; having a ceilingor roof of this shape 拱形的Verge v. to be very close to a placeWary adj. careful when dealing with sb./sth. because you think that there maybe a danger or problemWell n. a deep hole in the ground from which people obtain water; ~of knowledge 知识的源泉Wistful adj. thinking sadly about sth. that you would like to have, esp. sth. inthe past that you can no longer haveWoodland n. an area of land that is covered with treesWow n. (infml) exclamation used to express great surprise or admirationWrench v. to pull or twist suddenly and violentlyUnit 10Absorb v. to take in a liquid, gas or other substance from the surface or spacearoundAD abbr. (AmE) used in the Christian calendar to show a particular number ofyear since the year Christ was believed to have been born 公元Bakery n. a place where bread is made/soldBand n, a group of people who do sth. togetherBay n. a part of the sea, or of a large lake, enclosed by a wide curve of theshoreBeetle n. an insect, often large and black, with a hard case on its back coveringits wingsBoard v. to get on a ship, train, plane, bus, etc.Branch v. ~ out: to divide into more partsClatter n. a series of loud short noises when a hard object hits against anotherone on surfaceCloudburst n. a sudden heavy rain 倾盆大雨Cluster v. to come together in a small group of groupsCollapse v. to fall down or fall in suddenlyColumn n. a tall, solid, vertical post, usu. round and made of stoneCram v. to push sb./sth. into a small placeCrater v. a large hole in the top of a volcanoCrouch v. to lower your body close to the ground by bending your legs underyouDescend v. to come or go down from a higher level to a lower oneDoom n. death or destructionDrift v. to move along smoothly or slowly in water or airErupt v. to emerge violently from restraint or limits; to explode from thevolcanoExplosion n. the sudden violent bursting and the loud noise of sth.Flee v. (fled, fled) to leave a person or a place very quicklyGraze v. (of cow, sheep) to eat grass growing in a field, pasture, etc. Harbor n. an area of water on the coast, protected from the open sea by strong walls, where ships can stayHoof n. the hard part of the foot of some animals, e.g. horsesHuddle v. (of people or animals) to gather closely togetherHurl v. to throw violently in a particular directionInn n. (AmE) a small hotelIntact adj. complete and not damagedJar n. a round container with a lid used for storing food, etc.; wine ~酒缸Loaf n. (pl. loaves) an amount of bread that has been shaped and baked inone pieceMediterranean adj. of the region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea 地中海的Mighty adj. very strong and powerfulMonoxide n. 一氧化物Nightmare n. an experience that is very frightening and unpleasant Overwhelm v. to cover sb./sth. completelyPerish v. to be lost or destroyedPoisonous adj. causing death or illness if swallowed or absorbed into the body Priest n. a person who is qualified to perform religious duties or ceremonies Prosperous adj. rich and successfulPumice n. a type of grey stone that comes from volcanoes and is very light inweightQuick-witted adj. mentally alert and sharp 头脑敏捷的Reverberate v. if a sound reverberates, it is repeated many times as it hits twoopposite surfacesSack n. a large bag with no handles made of rough strong material Savage adj. fierce and violentShatter v. to suddenly break into small piecesShepherd n. a person whose job is to take care of sheepShimmer v. to cover or hide sth. n. sth. that hides or coverssth.slate n. a small sheet of dark grey stone, used in the past in schools forchildren to write onstumble v. to hit your foot against sth. while walking or runningsummit n. the highest point of sth.thicken v. to become thicker or make sth. thickerthrong n. a long piece of wood with a flame at one end that is used as a light trample v. to step heavily on sb./sth. so that you crush or harm them Vesuvius n. an active volcano of southern Italy on the eastern shore of the Bay of Naples; Mount ~ 维苏威山Victim n. a person who has been attacked, injured, or killed as the result ofa crime, a disease, an accident, etc. 受害者Villa n. a house where people stay on holiday/vacationVolcanic adj. (AmE) caused or produced by a volcano; ~ash 火山灰Yawn v. to open your mouth wide and breathe in deeply through it, usu. because you are tired or boredUnit 12Adroit adj. skillful and clever, esp. in dealing with peopleAgony n. extreme physical or mental painAmbassador n. an official who lives in a foreign country as the senior Anticipate v. to expect sth.Apply v. to be relevant to a particular person or thing 适用于Blow v. ~ off steam 发泄怒气Blunder v. to make a stupid or careless mistakeBoil v. ~ with anger 怒火中烧; 异常气愤Bristle v. ~ with sth.: to have a large amount of sth., or to be full of sth. Broadsword n. a large sword with a broad flat bladeBurial n. the act or ceremony of putting a dead body into a grave; ~ permit埋葬许可证Capture v. to catch a person or an animal and keep them as a prisoner or in anenclosed spaceCavalry n. the part of the army that fought on horses (旧时的) 骑兵Charity n. kindness and sympathy toward other peopleCondemn v. to express very strong disapproval of sb./sth.Confucius n. a famous Chinese philosopher 孔子Decay v. if a building or an area decays, its condition slowly becomes worse Deft adj. (of a person’s movement) skillful and quickDeluge v. to flood a place with waterDetailed adj. giving many details and a lot of informationDiplomatic adj. having or showing skill in dealing with people in differentsituation 灵活的; 有外交手腕的Disappiontment n. sadness because sth. expected has not happened; bitter ~ 极大的失望Distressed adj. upset and anxiousDuel n. a formal fight with weapons between two people, used in the pastto settle a quarrel 决斗Exhaustive adj. very thorough; looking at every detailFutile adj. having no effort or achieving nothingGettysburg n. a town of southern Pennsylvania in the US 葛底斯堡Hasty adj. acting or deciding in a hurry, because you do not have much time Heaven-sent adj. 上天所赐的; ~ opportunity 天赐良机Hereafter adv. (AmE) (in legal documents, etc.) in the rest of this document Illinois n. a state of the north-central United States 伊利诺伊州Impair v. to damage sb. or make sth. worseImpassable adj. (of a road, an area etc.) impossible to travel on or through; ~ river(水流湍急) 不能通过的河流Incompetent adj. not having the ability or skill to do sth.Indiana n. a state of the north-central United States 印第安纳州Indignation n. a feeling of anger and surprise caused by sth. that is unfair orunreasonableIndulge v. to allow oneself to have or to do sth. that one like, esp. sth. thatis considered bad for oneselfInsult v. to say or do sth. that offends sb.Invaluable adj. extremely valuable or usefulJournal n. a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject orprofessionLashing n. an act of hitting sb. with a whip as a punishment 鞭打; tongur- ~ 斥责; 谴责Leap v. to jump high or a long way; ~ on one’s horse 跳上马Magnitude n. the great size, importance, or effort of sth.Malice n. a feeling of hatred for sb. that causes a desire to harm sb. Maneuver v. to control or influence a situation in a skillful but sometimesdishonest way 使用花招或谋略Mississippi n. ~ River 密西西比河Motivate v. to be the reason why sb. does sth. or behaves in a particular way Mush n. a soft thick mass or mixture 糊状物Opponent n. a person that you are playing or fighting against in a game, competition,argument, etc.Pierce v. to make a hole; to be ~d with 突然看到刺目的强光或听到刺耳的尖叫声Point-blank adv. in a very firm and direct way, usu. not very polite; refuse ~ 断然拒绝Politician n. a person whose job is concerned with politics, esp. as an electedmember of a parliament, etc.Procrastinate v. to delay doing sth. you should do, usu. because you do not want todo itProlong v. to make sth. last longer; ~ indefinitely 无限延长Proofreader n. sb. who reads sth. written or printed and marks any mistakes so thatthey can be correctedRecede v. to move gradually away from a previous positionRegulate v. to control sth. by means of rulesRestraint n. the act of controlling or limiting sth. because it is necessary orsensible to do soRetain v. to keep sth. or to continue to have sth.Retreat v. to move away from a place or an enemy because of dangerRidicule v. to try to make sb./sth. look silly by making fun of them in an unkindwaySandbar n. a raised area of sand in a river that sticks out of the water slightly沙洲Savagely adv. severelyScold v. to criticize sb. severely and angrily because they have done sth.wrongSecond n. an official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boozing match (拳击比赛或旧时决斗中的) 助手Standpoint n. a point of view or a way of thinking about ideas or situationSwollen adj. containing more water than normalTact n. the ability to deal with difficult or embarrassing situationscarefully and without doing or saying anything that will annoy or upsetother people 老练; 圆滑Test pilot n. a pilot whose job is to fly aircraft in order to test their performance飞行员Tragically adv. sadlyTrap n. a piece of equipment used for catching animals; (here) an unpleasantsituation from which it is hard to escapeUnleash v. to set strong feelings or forces etc. free and allow them to act withfull forceVain adj. too proud of your own appearance, abilities or achievements 爱虚荣的Victorious adj. having won a victory 得胜的Unit 13Academy n. an official organization which aims at encouraging and development art, literature, science, etc. 研究院; 学会Account n. on sb.’s ~ 为了某人的缘故, 相当于for sb.’s sakeAllowance n. an amount of money that is given to sb. regularly or for a particular purposeArtfully adv. in a clever or designed wayAscend v. to go upBalloon n. a bag made of very thin rubber that becomes larger and rounder when you fill it with air or gasBanister n. the posts and rail at the side of a staircase 楼梯栏杆Blueprint n. a detailed plan for doing sth. new; a drawing that shows how to build sth. or make a machine 蓝图Blurt v. to say sth. suddenly and without thinking carefully; ~ out 脱口而出Breadstick n. a long, thin, often crisp piece of breadBushman n. 澳大利亚的丛林土著人Cabin n. a room in a ship; ~ boy 船舱服务员Cable n. 电报 (注: 此词由“海底电缆”引申而来, 现在已经不再使用, 而用“telegram”代替)Cannibal n. a person who eats human flesh 食人者; 吃人生番 (注意这种带有侮辱性的字眼)Charred adj. burnt and blackCharter v. to rent/hire a plane, boat, etc. for your own use 包租 (飞机、船等)Cocky adj. too confident about yourself in a way that annoys other people Comet n. a mass of ice and dust that moves around the sun and looks like a bright star with a tail 彗星Confirm v. to make you feel sure that your idea or belief is right or true; ~ sb.’s desire 使其更加坚信他的愿望是对的Convertible adj. being able to be changed to a different form or useCoral n. 珊瑚; ~ beads 珊瑚珠Correspondent n. (AmE) a person who reports news from a particular country or on a particular subject for a newspaper, radio, or televisionCramp n. a sudden pain you get when the muscles in a particular part of your body tighten, usu. caused by cold or too much exercise 抽筋Credit v. ~ sb. with sth.: to say that sb. is responsible for a certainachievement 将某事归功于某人Delegate v. to choose sb. to do sth. for you or to represent youDeprive v. ~ sb. of sth. to prevent sb. from having or doing sth. 剥夺某人的(权力)Double-hulled adj. 双船体的Envision v. to imagine what a situation will be like in the future Expedition n. an organized journey with a particular purpose, esp. to find outabout a place that is not well known 探险Fancy n. sth. that you imagine; your imaginationFatal adj. causing or ending in deathFidgeting adj. nervousHide n. an animals skin, esp. when it is bought or sold or used for leather Hippopotamus n. a large heavy African animal with thick dark skin and short legs thatlives in rivers and lakes 河马Hitchhike v. to travel by asking for free rides in other people’s cars Iceland n. an island country in the North Atlantic near the Arctic Circle 冰岛共和国Indisputable adj. definitely true; impossible to question or argue with Intellectual n. a person who is well educated and enjoys activities in which theyhave to think seriously about things 知识分子; ~ circles 知识分子圈; 知识界Irresistible adj. so attractive that you find impossible to refuseLava n. hot liquid rock that comes out of a volcano 熔岩League n. a group of people, or nations who have combined for a particularpurposeManufacture v. to produce a substanceManuscript n. a copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it has been printed Marshall n. (AmE) (in the US) an officer whose job is to carry out court orders Mast n. a tall pole on a boat or ship that supports the sails 桅杆。
现代大学英语精读2Unit12+vocabulary
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现代大学英语精读2Unit12+vocabularyLesson TwelvePre-class WorkRead the text a third time. Learn the new words and expressions listed below. Glossaryaltituden. the height of a place above sea levelanticipatev. to expect that sth. will happen and be ready for itarteryn. a tube that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body 动脉ashenadj. pale grey like ashbracen. sth. used for supportingcleansev. to get rid of any dirt from your woundclenchv. to hold (fists, teeth, etc.) together tightlycliffn. a high steep face of a rock esp. near the sea 峭壁Coloradon. 科罗拉多州(U.S.)cross-leggedadj. having one leg placed over the othercuffn. 这里指可充气扎紧在手上或脚上的包扎带detailedadj. with a lot of information given 详细的disciplinev. to teach sb. to obey rules and control their own behaviour disciplinedadj. behaving in a controlled way according to strict rulesdistractv. to make it impossible for sb. to continue what they are doing by making them look at or listen to sth. elseeasev. to move sb. slowly, carefully and gently (to a place)emergencyn. an unexpected and dangerous situation that must be dealt with immediately; ~room: 急诊室endurancen. the power of bearing pain, suffering, etc. with strength and patience exhaustionn. the state of being tired outframen. 框架graniten. a hard grey rock used in building 花岗岩gruesomeadj. very unpleasant and shocking, and usually connected with death or injury guaranteen. a formal and firm promise that sth. will happen or will be done 保证handholdn. a thing or place which a climber can hold on to with his handI.V.n. abbr. for intra-venous injection 静脉注射inestimableadj. too great, precious, etc. to be estimatedinitialadj. of or at the beginningjerkv. to cause sb. to move with a sudden actionjut (out)v. to stand (out) from sth.millimetern. 毫米nausean. a feeling of sickness in the stomach 恶心notoriousadj. widely and unfavorably known for some bad qualityprotrudev. to stick out or jut out from a surfacereparableadj. able to be mended 可修补的rescuen. the act of saving sb. from dangerresemblev. to be or look likesalesmann. a man whose job is to persuade people to buy his company's goods scramblev. to climb up or over sth. with difficulty, using your hands to help you sensationn. feelingseverv. to cut through sth., separating it into two partsslopen. 山坡;斜坡stabilizev. to make sth. steadystaffn. a group of people who do sth. for an organizationstaggerv. to move unsteadily, almost falling oversurgeryn. 外科手术swallowv. to move your throat as if you were making food or drink go down the mouth because you are nervoussweatn. 汗水thighn. the top part of the human leg between the knee and the hipthrustv. to hold out (hands) forcefully and suddenlytissuen. (动植物的)组织toen. 脚趾trailn. a rough path across open country or through a forestvasen. a container used to put flowers inProper NamesDavid Fisher戴维·菲希尔Judy Ingalls朱迪·英戈尔斯Katie Kemble凯蒂·肯布尔(女子名,Catherine 的爱称)Ophir Wall奥菲尔岩壁Ric Hatch (Ric: short for Richard)里克·哈奇St. Mary's圣玛丽医院Telluridea mining townText AYou Have to Get Me Out of HereLissa Halls JohnsonRead the text once for the main idea. Do not refer to the notes, dictionaries or the glossary yet.The skies above the old Colorado mining town of Telluride were a bright Rocky Mountain blue that Saturday, May 27, 1989. It was a perfect day for rock climbers to test their skills.Katie Kemble, a 34-year-old nurse and owner of a climbing school, had taken time off from her work to come here. Before she left, Katie and a half-dozen others had gotten together at her home, where she chatted with Ric Hatch, a 34-year-old salesman from California. Ric had heard Katie was a strong, disciplined climber, and he wanted to get to know her better. He wondered how a woman so small and soft-spoken could have such strength and endurance. When they arrived in Telluride, the group discussed plans for a climb up Ophir Wall, a notoriously difficultcliff. Its sheer granite face juts up hundreds of feet, with only a few handholds to bear a climber's weight. This had always been the part of her vacation Katie loved best. At breakfast, Katie was paired with Ric. As they climbed up and down the wall that morning, she realized she was beginning to like her good-natured new friend.By 2:30 that afternoon, Katie had finished climbing. Ric was on his last climb. For a moment, Katie allowed the peace of the gorgeous spring day to embrace her. Sitting cross-legged and sheltered by the cliff, she was unaware of the54-mph gusts sweeping over the top of the wall."Rock!" Ric's warning jerked her to attention. Rocks the size of garbage cans were crashing down the cliff and exploding around her.Katie leaped to her feet. Then, with a loud crack, a rock bumped off Ophir's face and hit the back of Katie's left leg. The force of the blow threw her five-feet into the air.Katie landed on sharp stones and felt burning pains in her left leg. Glancing down, she could see only two broken bones protruding below her left knee. Half her leg was missing!Ric quickly came down while Katie looked around her for the rest of her leg. She found it lying close to the left side of her body. It was still attached to her knee by an inch-band of skin and muscle.As a nurse, Katie knew she could bleed to death in a matter of minutes from an open leg artery. At her climbing school, Katie had taught the techniques of self-rescue. Through years of guiding difficult journeys, she had disciplined herself to control her emotions. "Face the fear, know what you have to do and do it" was her motto. Forcing pain off from her mind, Katie carefullylifted the almost severed leg and straightened it out. It felt odd-soft and warm, without the sensation of belonging to her body.Ric was now beside her, a look of horror in his eyes."We need to stop the bleeding," she yelled.Scrambling over the stones, Ric brought some nylon rope he used in climbing. Pale-faced and trembling, Ric told her, "I'd better go get help.""There's no time," she said firmly. "You have to get me out of here!"At 160 pounds, Ric was strong. But could he carry her a half-mile on the steep, rough slope? Ric picked Katie up and carried her in his arms."Don't worry," he said. "I won't leave you. I'll see you through this all the way." As Ric struggled down the trail, he tried to ignore the gruesome sight of Katie's leg, clutched in her left hand, only eight inches from his face. He swallowed hard and choked back the nausea.Katie saw fear cross his face. "Ric, if I pass out, this is what you need to do." She gave him detailed instructions, hoping to distract him from thoughts of her dying in his arms.They came to a slope, a steep quarter-mile field of rocks. Exhaustion was catching up with him. Sweat soaked his shirt and mixed with Katie's blood. His heart was racing, and breath came in painful gasps from the altitude. It was the hardest physical effort he had ever experienced. But when he thought of the woman in his arms, he was able to push himself harder.It was about 3:30 by the time Ric staggered off the trail. Another climber who had witnessed the rock-slide was there with his truck, and Ric lifted Katie into the back. As they sped down the road, bumps sent lightning bolts of pain through Katie's body.Katie was amazed that she hadn't passed out from the pain. But she knew why. I'm the only one with a medical background. I've got to stay conscious.The nurse on duty at the Telluride Medical Center heard pounding on the back door and opened it to find two police officers and several volunteer emergency-medical technicians. They had met Katie's truck on the highway. The nurse helped Ric and the others put Katie on the table.Some of the volunteers were newly trained and had never seen a worse injury. When Katie saw their ashen faces, she took command: "I'm a critical-care nurse. You're going to have to start an I.V. on me." She thrust out both arms, fists clenched to expose the veins, and gave them precise technical details of what they must do.Katie's knowledge and presence of mind impressed Dr. Judy Ingalls. Katie needed advanced medical treatment, and soon, Dr. Ingalls's job was to stabilize her and get her to St. Mary's, one of the hospitals where Katie worked. The doctor put a cuff around the left thigh; if the arteries relaxed, Katie could die in minutes.Within the hour, Katie was stabilized. As the initial shock began to wear off, the nerve endings became more sensitive, causing even greater pain.At about 5 p.m. she was eased into a helicopter. As the helicopter arrived, Katie knew that her desperate need to direct her own rescue was over. She could now give herself to the care of those she knew and trusted.The emergency-room staff prepared her for surgery. When Dr. David Fisher arrived, Katie looked him in the eye: "Can you save my leg?""No," he said.But in surgery Dr. Fisher was surprised to find the lower leg warm. Both sections of leg had reparable arteries. "This is one lucky young lady," he told his staff. "She has a chance of using the leg again after all."A few hours later Ric sat in recovery with Katie. He couldn't believe this frail, unconscious patient was the same woman who had directed her own rescue and emergency care.When Katie awoke, hours later, she couldn't remember at first where she was and why. Then the pain struck, and the awful memory came back. With a shiver, she looked down at her toes. There were ten of them! "Look!" she said with delight. Now at least she had a fighting chance.Katie never anticipated what a fight it would be. Twice daily they dipped her into a warm bath to cleanse the wound. Over the next few months at St. Mary's, she endured half a dozen operations to replace lost muscle and skin. A vein was taken from her right leg to fashion an artery for her left.Katie would have to wear a metal frame resembling a leg brace. Each day she would have to turn screws to lengthen the brace by one millimeter, stretching the soft tissue, nerves, arteries, veins and skin as the bone grew.There would be no guarantees, but she already had sensation in her leg and foot, and there was hope.Determined to remain strong, Katie held in her emotions for three weeks after her accident. Then it hit her. She was stuck in a hospital bed, in pain and with an uncertain future. Suddenly, the tears came. She cried for all she'd lost, for thetragic turn her life had taken. But as the tears stopped, she admitted she had gained one inestimable thing — Ric.Through it all, Ric, a man she hardly knew, had remained byher side. For the first four weeks of her four-month hospital stay, he had slept in a chair next to her bed. There was always one white rose in a vase on her desk. It reminded her of his words on the trail: "I'll see you through this all the way."Katie knew that she had come to care for him as much as he obviously cared for her. And from that moment on, their relationship blossomed into love.。
大学英语精读UNIT2
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UNIT2杰斐逊很久以前就死了,但是我们仍然对他的一些思想很感兴趣,杰斐逊的箴言, 布鲁斯.布利文、托马斯.杰斐逊美国第三任总统,也许不像乔治.华盛顿和亚伯拉罕.林肯那样著名,但大多数人至少记得有关他的一件事实:《独立宣言》是他起草的。
虽然杰斐逊生活在二百多年以前,但我们今天仍可以从他身上学到很多东西。
他的许多思想对当代青年特别有意义。
下面就是他讲过和写到过的一些观点:自己去看。
杰斐逊认为,一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外,还可以从许多别的来源获得知识;亲自做调查是很重要的。
当他还年轻的时候,他就被任命为一个委员会的成员,去调查詹姆斯河南部支流的水深是否可以通行大型船只。
委员会的其他成员都坐在州议会大厦内,研究有关这一问题的文件,而杰斐逊却跳进一只独木舟去做现场观测。
你可以向任何人学习。
按出身及其所受的教育,杰斐逊均属于最高的社会阶层。
然而很少跟出身卑贱的人说话的年代,在那个贵人们除了发号施令以外。
杰斐逊却想尽办法跟园丁、仆人和侍者交谈。
有一次杰斐逊曾这样对法国贵族拉斐特说:你必须像我那样到平民百性的家里去,看看他们的烧饭锅,吃吃他们的面包。
只要你肯这样做,你就会发现老百姓为什么会不满意,你就会理解正在威胁着法国的革命。
”自已作判断。
未经过认真的思考,杰斐逊绝不接受别人的意见。
“不要相信它或拒绝它。
”他在给侄子的信中写道,“因为别的人相信或拒绝了什么东西。
上帝赐予你一个用来判断真理和谬误的头脑。
那你就运用它吧。
杰斐逊觉得人民是“完全可以依赖的,应该让它们听到一切真实和虚伪的东西,然后作出正确的判断。
倘使让我来决定,我们是应该有一个政府而不要报纸呢,还是应该有报纸而不要政府,我会豪不犹豫地选择后者。
”做你认为是正确的事。
在一个自由的国家里总会有各种相互冲突的思想,而这正是力量的源泉。
使自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致。
虽然有好多年杰斐逊一直受到激烈的批评,但他从不回答那些批评他的人。
他在想写给一位朋友的信中表达他自己的观点:“每个问题都有两面。
大学英语精读2课文
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A heated discussion about whether men are braver than women is settled in a rather unexpected way.关于男人是否比女人更勇敢的一场激烈争论以一种颇为出人意料的方式解决了。
Unit 1 The Dinner PartyMona Gardner 晚宴莫娜·加德纳I first heard this tale in India, where it is told as if true — though any naturalist would know it couldn't be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine shortly before the First World War. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down.我最初听到这个故事是在印度,那儿的人们今天讲起它来仍好像确有其事似的——尽管任何一位博物学家都知道这不可能是真的。
后来有人告诉我,在第一次世界大战之前不久,一家杂志曾刊登过这个故事。
但登在杂志上的那篇故事以及写那篇故事的人,我却一直未能找到。
The country is India. A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests — officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist — in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda.故事发生在印度。
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Noisy Neighbours
I live in a quiet street, where most people don’t make a lot of noise–except for our next-door neighbours! A few weeks ago, Mum and Dad had a big argument with them. Everyone was shouting at each other. Mum said she couldn’t sleep at night time because their music was too loud. This doesn’t bother Dad, because he works on the night shift(夜班), but what bothers him is their dog, which keeps him
awake in the daytime by barking and barking when he’s trying to sleep. He says it does this because it’s lonely. The barking doesn’t bother me because I’m at school in the daytime, and it doesn’t bother Mum either, because she’s at work during the day.
The next day, everything was quiet at the neighbours’ house. Mum said they must have learned their lesson, but Dad said they were probably just out and he didn’t think anything would change, and it turned out that he was right. They were away for a few days, but when they came back, Mum and Dad started arguing with them again. Mum said the music they played didn’t even have a tune! Dad said they didn’t deserve to own a dog if they couldn’t look after it properly. It was so disagreeable with everyone fighting, so I hoped they would all reach an agreement quickly.
A few days later, the police came to our place. Mum and Dad were outside talking when the neighbours started up their music. Mum stood on the balcony and shouted at them. She said she couldn’t hear herself think with all that endless noise. Then the dog started barking because Mum was shouting. Then Dad started shouting at the dog. The neighbours came out and argued too. Then we all heard a police siren(汽笛,警报器)! Everyone stopped shouting when the police car stopped outside. The policemen said the neighbours on the other side of the street had complained about all the shouting. They called the police because their baby woke up and started crying!
Mum didn’t know what to say, but finally she started laughing. That started Dad off, and then the neighbours joined in. The policeman didn’t know what was going on. When Mum explained that they were arguing because of the noise the neighbours were making, they started laughing too. Mum apologised to the lady with the baby. The neighbour with the dog apologised to Dad. Mum said the music was okay but asked them to please play it more quietly. Ever since that day, we have had a more peaceful life. I am so glad that everyone has learned to compromise and get on better now. (444 words)
except for+名词:
Every one is here except Lucy
I can answer all the questions except for the last.
The meal was excellent except for the first course.
argument
have an argument with sb
have a fight with sb
quarrel with sb
长难句分析
What bothers him is their dog, which keeps him awake in the daytime by barking and barking when he’s trying to sleep. at the neighbours’
at the+人名+’s=
at the+职业+’s=
重点句型:it turns out that…
reach an agreement
I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain.
So we made a compromise
2
重点短语:see sb do/doing
1.Did anybody see the accident (happen/happening)?
2.We listened to the old man (tell/telling) his story from beginning to end.
3.Listen! Can you hear a baby (cry/crying)?
4.We watched the two men (open/opening) a window and
(climb/climbing) through it into the house
5.When we got home, we found our cat (sleep/sleeping) on the table.
complain的用法
complain about sth
He complained about the poor service.
complain to sb He complained to the waiter
complain to sb about sth
____________________________________
(扩展) make a complaint
apologize的用法
apologize to sb
I must apologize to your sister.
apologize for sth
I apologized for my behaviour.
apologize to sb for sth
_________________________
(扩展)Make an apology
3。