2021年三门峡市第二中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析

2021年三门峡市第二中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Four Best Cities to Visit in Winter
Cold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But here are four cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination:
Prague,Czech Republic
With its snow-capped spires and winding streets,Pragueis a fairytale city that remains ly tourist-free in winter.
The amazing architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow, with one of the most beautiful areas being the old town, with its Romanesque vaults. Gas street lamps have been placed throughout the city center, adding a romantic color1 to evenings. Cafes here are ideal for escaping the bitter cold.
Salzburg,Austria
With its Christmas songs and traditional markets, this is a perfect city for a winter break. “Silent Night” was performed for the first time in thechurchofOberndorfon the border ofSalzburgon Christmas Eve in 1818.
The city's main market is held in the shadow ofSalzburg'sHohensalzburgCastle, but the one held inMirabell Squareis especially popular with food lovers who come to taste local food such as halusky—pieces of dumpling mixed with fried bacon.
Tromso,Norway
Tromso is widely regarded asNorway's most beautiful city and is a base for spoiling the northern lights. There are several attractive museums, including thePolarMuseum, which offers an insight into the history of Arctic expeditions, and theTromsoMuseum, which is famous for its Sami exhibitions.
Amsterdam,Netherlands
In winter,Amsterdam' s museums are much less crowded, making it the time to visit attractions such as Rijksmuseum or the Anne Frank House. Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carre Theater is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances.
1. What can you do inPrague?
A. Enjoy the fascinating architecture.
B. Taste local food halusky.
C. Appreciate Sami exhibitions.
D. Watch a circus performance.
2. Where was “Silent Night” first performed?
A. In thechurchofOberndorf.
B. InHohensalzburgCastle.
C. InMirabell Square.
D. In the Polar Museum.
3. Which city will you choose if you want to see the northern lights?
A. Prague.
B. Salzburg.
C. Tromso.
D.Amsterdam.
B
I don’t want to talk about being a woman scientistagain. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated (controlled) by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space, time and the nature of black holes.
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens (镜片) of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations (挑衅): I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45.
I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.
4. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?
A. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination (歧视).
B. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.
C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.
D. She finds space research more important.
5. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute (把……归因于) the author’s failures to ________.
A. the burden she bears in a male-dominated society
B. her involvement in gender politics
C. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist
D. the very fact that she is a woman
6. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?
A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.
B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.
C. People’s fixed attitude toward female scientists.
D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.
7. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?
A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.
B. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.
C. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.
D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.
C
Most people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.
Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.
No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born.
However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.
Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.
8. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.
A. the art began from 1,500
B.
C.
B. the works of art ended in the 1950s
C. most people shown in the works of art are right-handed
D. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed
9. What is the left hand for most people used to do?
A. It’s used to find or hold things.
B. It’s used to work with things.
C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.
D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.
10. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.
B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.
C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.
D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.
11. The best title for this passage is _______.
A. Scientists’ New Inventions
B. Left-handed People
C. Which Hand
D. Different Brains, Different Hands
D
Born in 1954, Oprah Winfrey is best known for her multi-award-winning talk show as the most influential woman in the world. It's no surprise that her recognition can bring overnight sales fortune that defeats most, if not all, marketing campaigns. The star features about 20 products each year on her "Favorite Things" show. There's even a term for it: the Oprah Effect.
Her television career began unexpectedly. When she was 16 years old, she had the idea of being a journalist to tell other people's stories in a way that made a difference in their lives and the world. She was on television by the time she was 19 years old. And in 1986 she started her own television show with a continuous determination to succeed at first.
TIME magazine wrote, "People would have doubted Oprah Winfrey's swift rise to host of the most popular talk show on TV. In a field dominated by white males, she is a black female of big size. As interviewers go, she is no match for Phil Donahue. What she lacks in journalistic toughness, she makes up for in plainspoken curiosity, rich humor and, above all understanding. Guests with sad stories to tell tend to bring out a tear in Oprah's eye. They, in turn, often find themselves exposing things they would not imagine telling anyone, much less a national TV audience."
"I was nervous about the competition and then I became my own competition raising the bar every year, pushing, pushing, pushing myself as hard as I knew. It doesn't matter how far you might rise. At some point you are likely to fall if you' re constantly doing what we do, raising the bar. If you' re constantly pushing yourself higher, higher the law of averages, you will at some point fall. And when you do, I want you to know this, remember this: there is no such thing as failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction" as Oprah addressed graduates at Harvard on May 30.
12. What does the Oprah Effect refer to in the first paragraph?
A. the influence on talk show hosts
B. the power of Oprah's opinions.
C. the effect on a business.
D. the audience of Oprah's talk show.
13. What can be inferred about Oprah's television career?
A. She must have been challenged a lot
B. She gained fame as planned.
C. It lives up to her parents' expectation.
D. She once gave up on her choice.
14. What message did Oprah give to Harvard graduates?
A. Success comes after failure.
B. Pushing physical limits makes no sense
C. Aiming higher hurts
D. Failure is part of life.
15. Which of the following best describes Oprah Winfrey?
A. Friendly.
B. Humorous
C. Determined.
D. Patient
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
In moving to another country it is not uncommon to experience culture shock. As a Chinese person in Britain, I am no different.
Basically, there are five stages of culture shock.
Stage one can be called the Tourist stage". If you travel a lot, you'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting to a tourist.___16___After all, tourists don't usually stay too long in one place.
The second stage is the "shock stage”.___17___I am new in the country. Will someone cheat or rob me? I don't know anybody here and I miss home. Luckily, my "shock period" was quite short. I had so many things to do every day, so I didn't have time to get depressed.
____18____You learn to deal with the difficulties and stop complaining. This period can be slow and if you fail, you have to go back to the shock stage. I am very lucky. I have a roommate who has lived here for several years. Every time I talk to her, I feel better.
____19____We feel more comfortable and can adapt to the new culture. I think this will take a long time because I don't see any trace of it in me.
The last stage is called the re-entry shock stage". This is the shock you feel when returning home. Everybody is happy to see you again, but you've changed.___20___
A.Your own culture may feel foreign.
B.Then comes the stage of acceptance.
C.In the next stage, you begin to adjust.
D.Problems and anxiety appear at this time.
E.You start to identify with the new culture.
F.This stage can last for months or just a couple of days.
G.Find the courage to move forward during this difficult stage.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项People often go to cafes to relax themselves and keep themselves from falling asleep, but Mr. Healing, a popular cafe chain, actually does the___21___. Customers can come in,order a drink, lie down a comfortable massage(按摩)chair, and take a___22___.
Many people___23___lack of sleep as a result of overwork, so any opportunity to relax and even take a nap is greatly___24___. Mr. Healing is the perfect place to go when you’re on a short work or school break and you need to___25___sleep. The cafe offers massage periods in various modes,___26___on how much time you have and
how you choose to spend it.
The 20-minute session is___27___at $ 3.5, the 30-minute massage costs $ 7, and the 50-minute session is $ 9, all of___28___also include a drink. Once you make your choice, you are taken to the “healing center”. You are asked to___29___your shoes as well as any jewelry that might damage the chairs, after which you can choose a massage____30____, from “stretch” or “sleep”. You can start with stretch for a few minutes, and then____31____to sleep if you want to take a short nap. After it comes to an end, you are taken back to the cafe area to enjoy a coffee____32____one of the many other____33____drinks on the menu.
Mr. Healing cafes are so popular that customers are advised to make reservations____34____to be sure that a massage chair is____35____. “I have to sit in a chair and____36____a computer monitor all day due to my job, the healing room was____37____effective to relieve____38____and stress,” said Park Hye-sun, a 24-year-old officer.
Some have described Mr. Healing and other similar cafes____39____simple fashions, but others see them as a____40____business model, because they offer a service that people really need.
21. A. same B. opposite C. similarity D. difference
22. A. nap B. breath C. rest D. look
23. A. suffer from B. differ from C. range from D. vary from
24. A. worried B. pleased C. appreciated D. frightened
25. A. apply for B. head for C. seek for D. make up for
26. A. depending B. fixing C. calling D. insisting
27. A. paid B. spent C. priced D. charged
28. A. them B. that C. which D. whom
29. A. pay off B. take off C. keep off D. put off
30. A. model B. seat C. material D. mode
31. A. transport B. transform C. transplant D. transmit
32. A. and B. yet C. but D. or
33. A. recycling B. regaining C. refreshing D. recalling
34. A. in advance B. in order C. in peace D. in sight
35. A. flexible B. available C. suitable D. comfortable
36. A. look at B. point at C. stare at D. aim at
37. A. creatively B. attractively C. patiently D. truly
38. A. loneliness B. friendliness C. carelessness D. tiredness
39. A. as B. for C. of D. with
40. A. capable B. sustainable C. bearable D. suitable
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The Palace Museum in Beijing released its calendar for 2022 on September 6 although the Year of the Tiger is still more than four months away. “The calendar has become a new way for many people____41.____(record) their life,” Chen Lihua, editor-in-chief of the calendar, says.
Though printed calendars seem to have lost____42.____(they) functionality in the digital era, the museum s delicate calendar has become____43.____item to collect. On each page of the new calendar, a tiger-themed cultural relic of the Palace Museum is introduced,___44.___(range) from a jade ornament (翡翠) in the shape of a tiger dating back some 5,000 years____45.____paintings created by modern Chinese masters such as Qi Baishi and Zhang Daqian.
“The tiger is____46.____stands for strength and energy in traditional Chinese culture.” Chen says, “We want to reflect tiger-related culture from various____47.____(aspect).”
As the 2022 Winter Olympics____48.____(schedule) to be held in China in February, a section of the calendar will introduce royal winter sports during the Qing Dynasty through art pieces.
In spite of the established reputation, creativity is still____49.____(bad) needed for new editions of the annual calendar. Other than new design of pages, augmented (增广的)reality is now being used, making it_____50._____(access) for readers to have a better view of the moving pictures of cultural relics by scanning QR codes.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Peter,
I’m glad to give you some advices on how to learn Chinese well. Here is a few suggestions. First, it is
important to take a Chinese course, so in this way you can learn from teachers and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helped to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever it possible. Besides, it is good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you’ll learn and remember Chinese words more easier. You can also make more Chinese friends, with whom you will learn a lot about China. They can help you learning Chinese, too. We hope that my suggestions will be of help to you.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写成两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

There was once a man who went out to look for a job. As he was passing his neighbor’s house, an important piece of paper fell out of the man’s pocket.
His neighbor happened to be looking out of the window. He saw the piece of paper fall, and he thought: “What a disgrace! That guy let that fall out of his pocket on purpose. He’s trying to mess up the front of my house!” But instead of going out and communicating with him, the neighbor planned his revenge(报复). That night, he took his waste-paper basket and went to the man’s house. The first man also happened to be looking out of the window, and saw what happened. Later, when he was picking up the paper which had been dumped near his door, he found the important piece of paper that he had lost. It was torn into dozens of pieces. He thought that his neighbor had not only picked his pocket, but had the cheek to（厚着脸皮）mess up his doorway with rubbish.
He didn’t want to say anything. Instead, he started planning his revenge. That night he phoned a farmer to make an order of ten pigs and a hundred ducks. He asked that they be delivered to his neighbor’s house.
Of course, the next day, his neighbor had quite a bit of trouble trying to get rid of so many animals and their noises. Sure that this had been an evil trick pulled by his neighbor, the second man again started planning his revenge immediately he got rid of the pigs and ducks.
And so it went on.
They continued trying to get back at each other, and each time their acts of revenge got bigger and more stupid. The dropping of that single piece of paper ended up causing a fire siren(警报), the driving of a truck into a garden fence, the throwing of stones at windows, and finally the dropping of a bomb which destroyed both men’s houses.
注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按下列格式作答。

Both ended up in a hospital, and had to share a room there.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
They talked and became friends in the end.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C
12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C
16. F 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A
21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32.
D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. B
41. to record
42. their 43. an
44. ranging
45. to 46. what
47. aspects
48. is scheduled
44 badly 49. accessible
51.(1).advices→ advice
(2).is→ are
(3).so→ because
(4).helped→ helps
(5).去掉it或在it后加is
(6).在good前加a
(7).easier→ easily
(8).with→ from
(9).learning→ learn
(10).We→ I 52.略。