情态动词和虚拟语气

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气
1. —Why _________ you be talking so loudly while others are studying?
—I am terribly sorry.(2009·福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查）
A. shall
B. must
C. will
D. may
2. —I didn’t go to the movie last night because of the rain.
—What a pity! If I had got the ticket, I _________ it. (2009·福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查）
A. wouldn’t have missed
B. wouldn’t miss
C. didn’t miss
D. hadn’t missed
3. —I regret to say that I __________ have shouted at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was bit out of control myself.(2009·海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习）
A.shouldn’t
B.mustn’t
C.couldn’t
D.mightn’t
4. —I heard the phone ringing in the office next door.
—You ________ it. They haven’t got a phone yet. （北京市西城区2010届高三上学期期末抽样测试）
A.couldn’t hear
B.couldn’t have heard
C.didn’t hear
D.wouldn’t have heard
5.I was not in Beijing last June, otherwise I _________ my son’s graduation ceremony. （北京市西城区2010届高三上学期期末抽样测试）
A.would not miss
B.didn’t miss
C.would not have missed
D.had not missed
6. —Can I have something to eat, Mum? I feel hungry.
—You ________ be hungry. You’ve just had some bread and hamburger. （哈尔滨市第六中学2009-2010学年上学期期末考试）
A. mayn’t
B. won’t
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
7. “Everyone ________ not fire without the signal or you’ll be severely punished or even killed,”urged the commander. （黑龙江省双鸭山一中2010届高三上学期期末考试）
A. would
B. might
C. shall
D. need
8. _________ last as his coach suggested, he wouldn’t have narrowly escaped being killed. （2009·湖南师大附中第五次月考）
A. Hadn’t the skydiver exited
B. If the skydiver hadn’t exited
C. Should the skydiver not exit
D. If the skydiver wouldn’t exit
9. According to the school rules, no student ________ go out of the school after eleven o’clock at night without the teacher’s permission. （2009·11·山东曲阜高三教学质量调研）
A. will
B. must
C. may
D. shall
10. While learning to cook, Marge found that cooking was much harder than the most difficult chemistry experiments: beans and chicken __________ burn and stick to the pan.（上海交大附中2010届高三英语期中考试）
A. should
B. must
C. need
D. would
11.The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I __________ to it.（上海交大附中2010届高三英语期中考试）
A. have not gone
B. did not go
C. can not have gone
D. had not gone
12. —I didn’t tell my parents the secret yesterday.
—But you __________.（重庆八中2010级高三上学期第三次月考）
A. ought to do
B. ought to
C. should
D. ought to have
13. —I don’t think you should use the dictionary while reading newspapers.
—__________, but I can’t do without it.
A.No, I should
B.Yes, I shouldn’t
C.No, I shouldn’t
D.Yes, I should
14. —Dad, would you buy me an MP3 player if I do well in the final exam?
—I ________, I promise.
A.would
B.shall
C.should
D.will
15. —Is there a fog in the evening?
—There ________ be. I’ll make a phone call to find it out.
A.must
B.would
C.will
D.might
16. —Would you like to work in my company?
—Sorry, I’d rather ________ here, but I’d rather my brother ________ to your company.
A. staying; goes
B. to stay; to go
C. stay; went
D. to stay; goes
17. I supported him in time, otherwise he _________ off the bike.
A.might fall
B.would fall
C.should have fallen
D.would have fallen
18. —You _________ have set aside more time to play with our kids.
—I wish I _________, but you know how busy I was.
A. should; would
B. could; did
C. might; should
D. should; had
19. If he ________ that he _________ to work there, everything would be OK now.
A. insisted; be sent
B. insisted; was sent
C. had insisted; be sent
D. had insisted; was sent
20. —Without your help, we _________ this task on time.
—My pleasure.
A. don’t finish
B. will not finish
C. didn’t finish
D. would not have finished
21. If I had worked harder at school, I ________ in a comfortable office now.(福建省龙岩一中2010届高三第七次月考)
A. would sit
B. would have sat
C. would be sitting
D. were sitting
22. —Why didn’t you remind him of the possible danger?
—But what ________ otherwise? He never listens to me.（福建省厦门市2010届高中毕业班质量检查）
A. could I do
B. could I have done
C. should I do
D. must I have done
23. When all the guests have arrived, please don’t forget to show them around our school, ________?(2010届浙江六校联考)
A. do you
B. don’t you
C. will you
D. won’t you
24. ________ it have been the failure to pick up directions from the ground control that caused the air crash?（2010届浙江六校联考)
A. Must
B. Could
C. Would
D. Should
25. You are late.If you ________ a little minutes earlier, you ________ him.
A. came; would meet
B. had come; would have met
C. came; would have met
D. were to come; would meet
专题六情态动词和虚拟语气
1. 解析：选B。

考查情态动词的特殊用法。

must在这里意为“偏偏”。

上句句意为：为什么别人在学习而你偏偏那么大声地交谈？
2.解析：选A。

考查情态动词对过去事情表示推测的用法。

由上句的last night和下句的If I had got the ticket，可以看出是对过去事情的推测，因此用“情态动词+完成时”。

3.解析：选A。

根据句意，向对方道歉，应该是“我本不应该……”，故选A。

4.解析：选B。

由句意可知此处是对过去的事情表示推测，那么否定句用“can/could not+完成时”，故选B。

5.解析：选C。

考查虚拟语气的用法。

otherwise引导含蓄条件句，根据背景句是与过去事实相反，故用“情态动词+完成时”。

6.解析：选D。

考查情态动词的用法。

否定意义的推测用can或者could来代替must,表示强烈语气。

7.解析：选C。

考查情态动词的用法。

shall用于第二、三人称表示“允诺，警告，命令”等语气。

这里是表示“命令”的语气。

8.解析：选B。

考查虚拟语气的用法。

根据下半句，可以看出是与过去事实相反，所以上半句应该用过去完成时，而A项结构不对，故选B。

9.解析：选D。

考查情态动词的用法。

shall用于第二、三人称表示“允诺，命令”等语气。

这里是表示“允诺”的语气。

10.解析：选D。

考查情态动词的用法。

根据句意，would在这里表示一种“倾向性”。

11.解析：选D。

考查虚拟语气的用法。

由上半句背景句可以看出这是与过去事实相反，因此wish后的从句用过去完成时。

12.解析：选D。

因为上半句是过去时，所以是对过去事实表示推测，应该用“情态动词+完成时”。

而D项就是这种形式的省略。

13.解析：选C。

考查情态动词的用法。

对于否定式疑问句或前否定后肯定的反意疑问句的回答，应根据实际情况作答。

若是肯定的事实，用yes，若是否定的事实，应用no。

此题中的后者也认为不应该用字典。

故选C。

14.解析：选D。

考查情态动词的用法。

will可用来表达意愿，本句的语义环境为：如果你考得好，我愿意给你买部MP3。

故选D。

15. 解析：选D。

考查情态动词的用法。

由I’ll make a phone call to find it out 可知，答话人并不十分肯定。

故选D。

16. 解析：选C。

考查虚拟语气would rather的用法。

would rather后可直接接动词原形，但若跟从句，则应用虚拟语气。

若与现在事实或将来愿望相反，从句中动词应用过去时；若与过去事实相反，则应用had done。

由句意知，两人是对现在的工作进行讨论。

故选C。

17. 解析：选D。

考查虚拟语气的用法。

otherwise 否则，相当于if not。

本句可改为：if I hadn’t supported him in time, he off the bike。

显然，这是与过去事实相反，主句应用“would/could ...+have done”。

故选D。

18. 解析：选D。

考查虚拟语气在wish从句中的用法。

由句中“should have set aside”及“how busy I was”可知，该句表示与过去事实相反。

故选D。

19. 解析：选C。

考查虚拟语气在insist从句中的用法。

若insist表示“坚持要求做某事”,从句中应用should+动词原形, should可省略；若insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”,则从句需根据句意选择合适的时态。

句意为：如果他坚持要求被派往那儿的话，现在一切都好了。

事实上并非如此。

故选C。

20. 解析：选D。

考查虚拟语气的用法。

without, but for 表示“要是没有……”，相当于if 从句。

本句可改为if you hadn’t helped us, we this task on time。

这是与过去事实相反的句子。

故选D。

21. 解析：选C。

考查would be表示料想或猜想的用法。

句意为：如果我上学时再努力一些的话，现在可能正坐在一间舒适的办公室里呢。

22. 解析：选B。

由句意“你为什么不提醒他可能发生的危险呢”及“他从不听我的”可知,此处考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的用法。

应用could+have+过去分词。

23. 解析：选C。

考查情态动词will的用法。

此处表示说话人向对方提出请求，表示“你愿意……吗？”。

24. 解析：选B。

考查情态动词could的用法。

句意为：是不是由于没有从地面控制上得到指引才导致的这次空难呢？could用在疑问否定句中，表示对过去发生过的事情的怀疑和推测。

25. 解析：选B。

考查虚拟语气的用法。

由句意可知“没能遇到他”,表示对过去事实的虚拟，主句用would/could/should/might+过去分词，从句用过去完成时，故选B。