全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题课程代码00088

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2004年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题

2004年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题Ⅰ。

Directions：Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A，B，C or D in the brackets.（2%×10=20%） 1.Chomsky uses the term （）to refer to the actual realization of a language user‘s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.A. langueB. competenceC. paroleD. performance2.In terms of the place of articulation，the following sounds [t][d][s][z][n] share the feature of （）。

A. palatalB. alveolarC. bilabialD. dental3.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by （）in 1957.A. L. BloomfieldB. F. SaussureC. N. ChomskyD.M. A. K. Halliday4.Natural languages are viewed to vary according to （）set on UG principles to particular values.A. Adjacent ConditionB. parametersC. Case ConditionD. Case requirement5. Synonyms are classified into several kinds. The kind to which“girl”and“lass” belong is called （）synonyms.A. stylisticB. dialectalC. emotiveD. collocational6. The illocutionary point of （）is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.A. representativesB. commissivesC. expressivesD. declaratives7. Modern English words man，woman，child，eat，fight，ect. originate from （）。

2004年10月全国高教自考“英语(二)”试题(含答案英语二

2004年10月全国高教自考“英语（二）”试题（含答案英语二第一部分选择题（共50分）I. Vocabulary and Structure (10 point, 1 point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．1. It offers us a fuller sense of being intensely alive from to moment.A. timeB. momentC. periodD. instant2. It may be worth remembering that John Major didn’t himself go to Oxford, most of his ministers did.A. afterB. sinceC. whileD. if3. The effects of rapid travel the body are far more disturbing than we realize.A. onB. inC. forD. to4. Her powers of persuasion were no avail.A. forB. byC. withD. to5. There is little likelihood that a panel of five wants to go through the of all shaking hands with you.A. processB. prospectC. precedentD. presence6. It is the right to change employers which employment from slavery.A. distinguishesB. derivesC. releasesD. relieves7. It is touching to see how a cat or dog itself to a family and wants to share in all its goings and comings.A. sacrificesB. opposesC. exposesD. attaches8. A healthy self-esteem is a resource for coping when difficulties .A. riseB. raiseC. ariseD. arouse9. The challenge is not one of expansion , the rapid growth in enrollment over the last 40 years has cometo an end.A. As a resultB. By all meansC. In contrastD. On the contrary10. Management often works hard to set up a situation work is done in series.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whatII. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项．根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．Maybe y ou know that the letter “V” stands for Victory in western countries. But do you know the 11 of the sign?During World War II, Europe was occupied by the Germans. A lot of people 12 to Britain. Among them was one Belgian (比利时人) 13 Victor Dalveli. He loved his country very much. And every day, he used shortwave radio to broadcast to the Belgian people, calling 14 them to resist the German occupies. On the last day of 1940, he asked his countrymen to write the 15 “V” wherever they could to show their determination to win the final victory. In a few days, it appeared everywhere.16 , it spread to the other occupied countries in Europe. Because it was simple and 17 it soon became very popular. When friends met, they stretched out 18 middle and index fingers to greet each other.At that time, in certain restaurants, knives and forks were placed in such a way 19 form a “V”. And in some clock shops clocks were purposely stopped 20 11:05 to show the sign of “V”.11. A. meaning B. shape C. history D. definition12. A. had escaped B. escaped C. have escaped D. escape13. A. naming B. being named C. named D. to name14. A. up B. out C. on D. off15. A. letter B. alphabet C. expression D. word16. A. Latter B. Later C. Late D. Lately17. A. meaningful B. energetic C. magnificent D. interesting18. A. his B. their C. one’s D. everybody’s19. A. in order to B. so as to C. so to D. as to20. A. on B. in C. by D. atIII. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.In reading the world’s great literature on human excellence and personal success, I’ve found that to launch ourselves into a life of true success we need to satisfy one basic condition: pursue our vision with stubborn (顽强的) consistency. The biggest difference between people who succeed and those who don’t is not usually talent but persistence.On my way to work one morning, I met Rudy Ruettiger, who is now a motivational speaker. He has grown up in Joliet, listening to stories about Notre Dame and dreaming of one day playing football there. Friends told him he wasn’t a good enough student to be admitted. So he gave up his dream and went to wor k in a power plant.Then a friend was killed in an accident at work. Shocked, Rudy suddenly realized that life is too short not to pursue your dreams.In 1972, at the age of 23, he enrolled at Holy Cross Junior College in South Bend, Ind. He got goodenough grades to transfer to Notre Dame, where he finally made the football team as a member of the “scout team”, the players who help the team prepare for games.Rudy was living his dream, almost. But he wasn’t allowed to suit up for the games themselves. T he next year, after Rudy requested it, the coach told Rudy he could put on his uniform for the season’s final game. And there he sat, on the Notre Dame bench during the game. A student started shouting, “We want Rudy!” Soon others joined in. Finally, at th e age of 27, with 27 seconds left to play, Rudy Ruettiger was sent onto the field-and made the final tackle (阻截). So his team won the game.When I met Rudy 17 year later, it was in the parking lot outside Notre Dame stadium (体育场), where a camera crew was filming scenes for Rudy, a motion picture about his life. His story illustrates that there is no limit to where your dreams can take you.21. The writer believes that the key to achieving success is .A. developing one’s talentB. seizing opportunitiesC. having wide visionD. sticking to one’s goal22. According to the passage, Rudy once gave up his dream of playing football for Notre Dame because .A. his friend was killed thereB. his foot was injured in an accidentC. he lacked confidence in himselfD. he failed in the entrance examination23. Rudy quit his job in the power plant because .A. his friend encouraged him toB. his outlook on life changedC. he was disappointed in his futureD. he was shocked by his friend’s death24. Rudy was transferred to Notre Dame .A. as a good studentB. as a good playerC. with the help of a coachD. with the help of a friend25. A camera crew was making a movie about Rudy’s life because .A. Rudy was the oldest player at Notre DameB. Rudy succeeded in realizing his dreamC. Rudy was the best speaker at Notre DameD. Rudy succeeded in developing his abilityPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.NASA, the U.S. space agency, believes there’s a good chance that we’re not alone in the universe. Last fall, NASA began a new project called the High Resolution Microwave Survey (HRMS). Its aim: to find evidence of life in one of the billions of galaxies in the universe.The search for intelligent life on other planets i sn’t new. It began almost 100 years ago. That’s when scientists built a huge transmitter to send radio waves into space. Scientists thought smart beings on other planets might pick up the signals.Scientists also have sent a message about humans and our solar system to a nearby constellation (星座). But because the constellation is 25,000 light years away, a return message wouldn’t reach Earth for 50,000 years! So don’t wait up for an answer.So far, no extraterrestrial (地球外的) beings that we know of have re turned our “calls.” But according to Dr. Jill Tarter, an HRMS scientist, we haven’t exactly had our ears wide open. “Now, however,” says Dr. Tarter, “we’ve built the tools we need to listen well.”Last October, Dr. Tarter switched on the largest radio rec eiver in the world. It’s an enormous metal bowl stretching 1,000 feet across a valley in Puerto Rico.Meanwhile, another NASA scientist turned on a huge radio receiver in California’s Mojave Desert. NASA hopes these big dishes-and others around the world-will pick up radio signals from new world.Dr. Frank Drake has been searching for life in outer space for years. He explains the HRMS project this way: To listen to your radio, you move the tuner on the dial until the channels come in loud and clear: Now imagine radio receivers that scan our galaxy “listening” to 14 million channels every second. That’s what NASA’s radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California are doing.But that’s not all. Powerful computers hooked to the receivers examine every signal c arefully. The computers try to match the signals to ones that scientists already recognize, such as human-made signals. If they can’t, Drake and Tarter check on them. “It could prove there is radio technology elsewhere in the universe,” says Dr. Tarter. “And that would mean we’re not alone.” 26、NASA scientists started a new project in order to _______.A、discover life in other galaxiesB、send human beings into spaceC、find evidence of a new galaxyD、confirm the number of galaxies27、According to Dr.Jill Tarter ,the reason why we haven’t received any return any return messages from outer space is that_______.A、our ears are not sharp enough to hear themB、our equipment hasn’t been good enoughC、it takes millions of yuars for them to reach usD、it takes quite a long time to send them28、Dr.Jill Tarter compares the large receiver to _______.A、the human earB、the universeC、a metal bowlD、a huge dish29、According to Dr.Frank Drake ,NASA’s radio receivers in Puerto Rico and California a re _______.A、trying to check on every channel carefullyB、moving the tuner on the dial for clear channelsC、scanning the universe for possible signalsD、picking up radio signals from new world30、The best title of this passage is ________.A、Signals from the SpaceB、The Invention of New Radio ReceiversC、The Intelligent Life in Outer SpaceD、NASA Listens for Space NeighborsPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Even a careful motorist(开汽车的人) may commit a motoring offence (违法).In this case, he will appear in a police court .This is a court ruled by a judge without a jury (陪审团).A judge has powers to pass sentence for relatively minor offences only ;serious charges are dealt with by a judge and a jury.In certain cases, a motoring offender may choose to go before a judge and a jury ,instead of appearing before just a judge .A court is also used for the conduct of preliminary investigations to dedermine whether or not a motoring offender shall appear for trial in a higher court.When his case comes up in court ,the motorist hears his name called by the clerk of the court, and comes forward to identify himself.The judge then calls for the policeman who charged the offender and asks him to give evidence.He is expected to ive an account of what happened when the offence was committed and to mention any special circumstances.For example the offence may have been partly due to the foolishness of another motorist.It would be unwise for the motoring offender to exaggerate this.It will not help his case to try to blame someone else for his own mistake.If you are guilty ,it is of course wise to admit it and say you’re sorry for committing the offence and taking up the court’s time .Judges are not heartless and a mo torist may be lucky enough to hear one say：“You’ve got good reasons ,but you have broken the law and I’ll have to impose a fine .Pay five pounds.Next case.”Some short-tempered people forget that both policemen and judges have a public duty to perform,and aren rude to them. This does not pay! A judge will not let off an offender merely because he is respectful,but a polite law-breaker may certainly hope that the judge will extend him what tolerance the law permits.31、Even a careful motorist may be asked to go to a police court for______.A、an injuryB、a motoring offenceC、refusing to pay a fineD、being rude to the policeman32、The underlined word “one ”(paragraph 5) refers to _____.A、a jury memberB、a police officerC、a motoristD、a judge33、A motoring offender is usually charged by ______.A、a judgeB、a juryC、a policemanD 、another motorist34、It is foolish for a motoring offender to _______.A 、overstate another motorist’s mistakeB 、mention someone else’s foolishnessC 、argue that he is not guiltyD 、choose to go before a jury35、If a man knows that he is guilty, he should ______.A、be polite to the policeman and the judgeB、try his best to appear before just a judgeC 、save the court’s time and pay the fineD 、admit the wrong and say sorry to the court第二部分非选择题（共50分）Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10 points,1point for two items)36. 乐意地，容易地ad. r_______37.日常工作，常规n. r______38.多数，大半n. m_______39. 永恒的，不断的a. c______40. 偏袒的，部分的a. p_______41. 漆工，画家n. p______42. 跳跃，飞跃v. l______43.易管理的a. m_______44.缩短，减少vi. S______45. 软毛，毛皮n. f_______46.意图，打算n. I_______47. 情形，身份n. s________48. 软管，地铁n. t________49. 口头的，口的a. o_______50. 牺牲品，受害者n. v_______51.鉴赏，感谢vt. a_______52.目标，球门n. g______53.装置，方法n. d_______54.分配，委派vt. a______55.娱乐，消遣n. a______Ⅴ.Word Form56. Should doctors be allowed_________(take) the lives of others?57. Two of _________(big) earthquakes that were ever recorded tood place in China and Alaska.58. Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic in volume ,the music ______(become) as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand.59. Every decision has constraints _______(base ) on policies, procedures ,laws, precedents ,and the like.60. The more seriously this is sought ,________(likely ) positive attitudes towards leisure as well academic work will be encouraged.61. Attempts to break up this old system _______(make ) in every presidential election in the past one hundred years.62.These mine planets ,together with the sun ,make up what _______(call) our solar system.63. Nations are classified as “aged ” when they have 7% or more of their people aged 65 or above ,andby about 1970 every one of the advanced countries______(become) like this.64. -----------（watch）over by guards with guns, the convicts raised their legs in unison and made their way to the edge of the highway.65.Either of these factors could account for some individuals ------------(be) able to do well using inefficient methods.Ⅵ将下列各句译成英语66.我不知道他是否能够提供有力的证据。

全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题1

课程代码：00088请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上⼀、词汇应⽤和语法结构（本⼤题共30⼩题，每⼩题1分，共30分）（⼀）词汇应⽤（15分）选择答案完成句⼦1.Mary decided to give up her job for the（）of her children.A. careB. sakeC. reasonD. concern2.Watching television has its（）as well as its advantages.A. shortcomingsB. goodsC. benefitsD. disadvantages3.We should take some（）to stop the increase in crime.A. standardsB. measuresC. designsD. units4.The tourist industry（）greatly to the economy of that country.A. supportsB. benefitsC. contributesD. assists5.Without tax, it would be（）to pay the soldiers and policemen.A. possibleB. impossibleC. probableD. easy6.We would very much（）it if you could do us a favor.A. associateB. appropriateC. appreciateD. approve7.The photo（）me of the village where we spent our childhood.A. remindsB. remembersC. recallsD. relates8.The new law will not take（）until the beginning of next month.A. placeB. actionC. effectD. position9.All foreign merchants were made to pay heavy（）on the goods they sold or bought.A. feesB. dutiesC. pricesD. money10.Banks both lend money to customers who need it and also borrow money from those who havea lot and therefore want to（）it in the bank.A. developB. benefitC. expandD. deposit11.Get in the car. There’s enough（）for you.A. placeB. seatC. spotD. room12.Scientists have（）many new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.A. put up withB. caught up withC. brought up withD. come up with13.The government of every country should（）great importance to environment protection.A. attachB. approachC. payD. spend14.Before you can start a business, you will have to raise the necessary（）.A. investmentB. savingsC. incomeD. capital15.They covered a wide（）of topics in the interview.A. extentB. collectionC. rangeD. number（⼆）语法结构（15分）选择答案完成句⼦16.An economist is someone（）knows a lot about how goods and wealth are produced and used.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whom17.My mother suggested that（）.A. Mary does some cleaningB. Mary do some cleaningC. Mary did some cleaningD. Mary is going to do some cleaning18.Our boss didn’t think we needed（）how important the task was.A. to be toldB. to tellC. having toldD. being told19.（）the widespread early use of wool and linen, cotton is the most important source of man’s clothing.A. ButB. Despite ofC. HoweverD. Despite20.Can you tell me（）the railway station?A. how can I getB. how can I reachC. how I can get toD. how I can reach to。

2023年全国10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题课程代码00088新编

全国2023年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题课程代码：00088请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）（一）词汇应用（15分）选择最佳答案完毕句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。

1. The company has offered John the post of personnel manager with a _____ of $50，000 annually.A. wagesB. salaryC. incomeD. money2. This machine is very complicated indeed. Once taken _____, it can hardly be put together again.A. apartB. looseC. separatelyD. improperly3. The beautiful scenery of the West Lake _____ thousands of visitors to Hangzhou each year.A. appealsB. attractsC. directsD. catches4. Her hard work will _____ her the respect of her fellow workers.A. achieveB. requireC. earnD. indicate5. While the director is away on vacation, his assistant will be _____ .A. in chargeB. in practiceC. in placeD. in vain6. House repairs, holiday and other costs _____ her bank balance to almost nothing.A. reducedB. retainedC. respondedD. rejected7. A well-trained secretary is _____ to cope with computers and routines in the office.A. advancedB. advisableC. efficientD. effective8. She accused the government of not doing enough to _____ economic growth.A. moveB. profitC. promoteD. develop9. She is the first woman to take over the _____ of the company.A. orderB. processC. outlookD. management10. High interest rates _____ people from borrowing money.A. discourageB. encourageC. disgustD. disturb11. It now becomes necessary to develop the United Nations into an agency with adequate authority to _____world problems.A. get rid ofB. knock outC. cope withD. run into12. Now that all her three children have gone _____ to work or study, Mrs. Wang live in Hongkong alone.A. aboardB. abroadC. boardD. broad13. The factory has _____ new methods of producing high quality washing machines.A. adoptedB. adaptedC. raisedD. increased14. I do like this new car, but I can’t _____ it. I’ve spent almost all my savings on the decoration of my house.A. obtainB. applyC. affordD. buy15. Railroads have been the _____ of transportation system since the late 1800s.A. strengthB. backboneC. backD. support（二）语法结构（15分）选择最佳答案完毕句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。

10月全国自考基础英语试题及答案解析

全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题课程代码：00088请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）（一）词汇应用（15分）选择一个最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。

1. In order to ______ to life in the wild, he has to learn how to hunt.A. effectB. adoptC. adaptD. enter2. If you have high blood pressure, you should ______ eating too much salt.A. escapeB. suggestC. avoidD. relieve3. In some countries skilled workers can still get high ______.A. wagesB. incomeC. salaryD. money4. I have always thought very ______ of him.A. highlyB. betterC. wellD. excellent5. Every part of a new car should be carefully checked before ______.A. assemblyB. combinationC. applicationD. input6. The manager will ______ the new department store before it is open.A. checkB. assureC. approveD. guard7. He had waited so long that he became ______.A. impatientB. patientC. quietD. reserved8. Scientists have recently ______ suggestions for a complete reform in our eating habit.A. taken outB. put forwardC. set outD. brought about9. We were ______ whether our car could climb the hill.A. doubtfulB. sureC. certainD. believable10. The salesman made a large ______ from selling fashionable shoes.A. incomeB. advantageC. benefitD. profit11. The manager is so busy that he can hardly ______ a day away from work.1A. wasteB. payC. affordD. spare12. Television keeps us informed about ______ events and the latest developments in science andpolitics.A. fashionableB. excitedC. popularD. current13. Come at your ______ because I will be in the office all the time.A. diposalB. rateC. proposalD. convenience14. ______, many workers who have been laid off are the victims of the bad management in thecompany.A. HardlyB. UndoubtedlyC. DirectlyD. Generally15. A direct tax is ______ in such a way that the percentage of tax grows greater as the tax payer’sincome grows.A. directedB. arrangedC. setD. needed（二）语法结构（15分）选择一个最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。

10月全国自考基础英语试题及答案解析

2004年10月全国高级英语试题及答案

全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试高级英语试题课程代码：00600全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外），并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。

PART ONE(62 POINTS)I. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (12 points, 0.5 point each)●We parked the car, Elgie came over and 1 himself in the back seat of the car. A policecar moved slowly to the corner where we were 2 and the patrolmen looked at the three of us 3 and we pretended not to 4 . The patrol car 5 down the empty street and I turned 6 toward Elgie.●She 7 to me because she was like people I had never met 8 . Like women inEnglish novels who walked the moors with their 9 dogs racing at a 10 distance.Like the women who sat in front of roaring 11 , drinking tea 12 from silver trays.●Actually, I enjoy my work when the 13 are large and 14 and somewhat frighteningand will 15 the attention of many people. I get scared, and am unable to 16 at night, but I usually 17 at my best under this stimulating kind of 18 and enjoy my job the most.●And Americans ought to note that, 19 things may seem to be 20 apart, arts andthe humane scholarship are 21 here. I’m not suggesting that writers and artists have the task of finding a 22 to the American 23 , but they can at least clarify its 24Ⅱ. There are 15 sentences from the textbooks, with a blank in each, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or1expression for each blank only. (15 points, 1 point each)25.The senior partner studied the resume for the hundredth time and again found nothing he disliked about Mitchell Y.Mcdeere, at least not ______.26.For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me ______ throughout my schooldays.27.On three pieces he made a cross in pencil, and then ______ each piece.28.But the press isn’t the only party in this country that’s guilty of this ______ insensitivity.29.Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from ______.30.The modern ______ of beauty is not exclusively a function (in the mathematical sense) of wealth.31.The Beatles showed there was a ______ of emotions between love and hate.32.Our generation views the adult world with great ______ … there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world.33.She just nodded her head, not getting a bit ______, but rocking back and forth.34.I have met several adolescent consumption-snobs, who thought that it would be romantic to______ in the flower of youth.35.For that matter she would drive herself and keep the whole event within her ______.36.Undoubtedly the desire for food has been, and still is, one of the main ______ of great political events.panies that pursue this are not primarily product or service innovators, ______ cultivate deep, one-to-one relationships with customers.38.Such as it is, the ______ is regarded as no place to make a career for those who have a future.Ⅲ. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (15 points, 1 point each)40.As a businessman, he would often stay away from the city for three or four weeks at a (an) (A. extent, B. stretch).41.He can only have (A. caught up, B. picked up) such excellent English by living in the English-speaking country for some years.42.To be a writer, you need among other things a (an) (A. vivid, B. acute) imagination.243.Although there were several witnesses who had seen him at the spot, he still (A. declined, B.denied) it.44.It is most (A. regretful, B. regrettable) that Mr. Smith has decided to resign.45.During this season, the weather often (A. alters, B. alternates) between heavy rains and bursts of sunshine.46.A newspaper (A. supplement, B. complement) will sometimes be distributed free with the newspaper.47.My father was (A. sensitive, B. allergic) to this kind of medicine, so we decided to try another kind.48.The painter was (A. inspired, B. initiated) to paint by the grandeur of the sunrise.49.The theater in this small town has a seating (A. capability, B. capacity) of 1000.50.We could all see clearly that this newcomer had (A. fake, B. false) teeth.51.Before going to the party, she had to iron out the (A. creases, B. creaks) in her dress.52.The patient (A. replied, B. responded) quickly to the medicine and was well in a few days.53.Although my father has (A. detective, B. defective) hearing, he still refuses to wear a hearing aid.54.During their teaching practice, the students had to visit some local schools for the (A. observation,B. operation) of lessons in progress.Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items:Ⅳ,Ⅴ,Ⅵand Ⅶ.Success1) A young man of humble origins came to New York from the Midwest to seek his fortune. He dreamed, in the American way, of becoming a millionaire. He tried his luck on Wall Street. He was diligent and shrewd and, when he had to be, devious. He put together the deal and he did some things with an electronics acquisition that wouldn’t bear explaining. He succeeded even beyond his dream: he made twelve million dollars.2) At first the yo ung man assumed that everything was working out splendidly. “Isn’t it grand?” he said to his wife, once it was apparent that he had made twelve million dollars. His wife told him that it wasn’t grand, and he was a nobody.3) “But that’s impossible,” the young man said. “I’m a rich person. We live in an era that celebrates rich people. Rich people are shown in the newspapers in the company of movie stars and famous novelists and distinguished dress designers. The names of the richest corporate raiders are known to every schoolboy. There are rich real estate sharks whose faces appear on the covers of glossy magazines.” But his wife said that his face would not, because he was a nobody. When he stressed the fact that he had twelve million dollars, his wife retorted that a lot of people did, but they were still nobodies.4) “I could buy our way onto the committees of important charity balls,” the young man said,3“then we’d be mentioned in the columns.” “Don’t kid yourself,” his wife said. “The important committees are already filled up with people who are really rich. People like us would end up working on something like a dinner-dance to benefit the American Psoriasis (牛皮癣) Foundation.” The young man mentioned that he owned a co-op apartment on Fifth Avenue that was worth two million dollars. His wife argued that, to a certain extent, two million-dollar co-ops were a dime a dozen. Then the young man boasted of owning a stretch limousine and said it was twenty-one and a half feet long. His wife brushed the idea aside, saying that nobody famous had ever ridden in something like that ,and neither Henry Kissinger nor Calvin Klein had ever heard of him, so he was still a nobody.5) The young man was silent for a while. “Are you disappointed in me?” he finally said to his wife. “Of course I’m disappointed in you,” she said. “When you asked me to marry you , you said you would surely amount to something. How was I to know that yo u’d turn out to be a nobody?”6) For a moment the young man looked defeated. Then he squared his shoulders and cleared his throat. “I’ll make them pay attention, ” he said. “I’ll buy a professional football team and argue a lot with the coach in public. Ce lebrities will join me to watch big games from the owner’s box.” The wife ridiculed him, saying that nobody could buy a professional football team for twelve million dollars, because professional football teams cost big bucks.7) “Then I’ll buy a magazine and appoint myself chief columnist,” the young man said. “A tiny but exceedingly flattering picture of me will run next to my column every week. The owners of professional football teams will invite me to watch big games from the owner’s box.” The wife believed that he might be able to buy one of those weekly-shoppers throwaways for twelve million dollars, but not a real magazine. One couldn’t buy a real magazine for chicken feed.8) The young man was very much hurt and asked his wife whether twelve million dollars were chicken feed. But his wife insisted, “it’s not big bucks.”9) “But that’s not fair,” the young man said. “I’m a young man of humble origins who made twelve million dollars. I succeeded even beyond my dream. ” “Some of those things you did wi th the electronics acquisition probably weren’t fair either,” his wife said. “Fair isn’t being measured these days. What they measure is money.” Then the young man said, if that was the case, he would get more money by going back to Wall Street and making fifty million dollars.10) But before the young man could make fifty million dollars a man from the Securities and Exchange Commission came and arrested him for having committed insider-trading violations in the electronics acquisition.11) The young man was taken away from his office in handcuffs. A picture on the front page of the afternoon paper showed him leaving his arraignment trying to hide his face behind an $850 Italian overcoat. A long article in the morning paper used him as an example of a new breed of Wall Street traders who were the victims of their own greed, probably because of their humble origins. His friends and associates avoided him.12) Only his wife stuck by him. She tried to see the bright side. “For someone with only twelve4million d ollars,” she said to the young man, “you’re getting to be pretty well known.”Ⅳ. There are 10 statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (10 points, 1 point each)55.He tried his luck on Wall Street.A. He became lucky in the financial world.B. He tried to get a job in Wall Street.C. He got a job in the financial world and tried to make a lot of money there.D. He went to Wall Street to see if he could get a job and to make a lot of money there.56….with an electronics acquisition that wo uldn’t bear explaining.The underlined part means:A. that couldn’t be explained as it was against the lawB. that was against the law to explain to the publicC. that he wouldn’t explain to othersD. that he found difficult to explain57.I could buy our w ay onto the committees of important charity balls…A. I could buy tickets to get to the places where committees workB. I could use money to become committee membersC. I could buy tickets to get into important charity ballsD. Committees of important charity balls could be bought58….two million-dollar co-ops were a dime a dozen.A. two million-dollar co-ops were cheapB. you could buy a dozen two million-dollar co-opsC. it was easy to get two million-dollar co-opsD. there were a lot of two million-dollar co-ops59….and appoint myself chief columnist…A. make myself chief of the magazineB. give myself the job of writing chief columnsC. assign myself to the position of the magazine’s main columnistD. order myself to do the job of writing a main column each week60.A tiny but exceedingly flattering picture of me…The underlined part means:A. a photo in which I look better than in real lifeB. a very good photo that I like very muchC. a very clear photoD. a photo in which I look nice61….one of those we ekly-shoppers throwawaysA. one of those weekly magazines of little value that shoppers buy, read and then throw away5B. one of those magazines shoppers buy once a week, but they don’t like it, so they throw it awayC. one of those magazines shoppers who shop once a week would buy, after reading it, would throw it awayD. one of those magazines that appear once a week for special shoppers to buy, read and throw away62.One couldn’t buy a real magazine for chicken feed.A. One could buy enough feed for chickens with that money, but not a good magazine.B. If one bought chicken feed with that money, then one could not buy a real magazine with what was left.C. If one wanted to raise chickens, one couldn’t buy a real magazine.D. One couldn’t buy a good magazin e for so little money.63.Fair isn’t being measured these days. What they measure is money.A. Now people don’t want to be fair to others, they only want to be rich themselves.B. Now people don’t judge others by how fair they are, but by how much money th ey have.C. Now people don’t treat others fairly, they only want money from others.D. Now people are not fair, but they are rich.64….who were the victims of their own greed…A. the more things they wanted, the more they sufferedB. they suffered because they were never satisfiedC. they came to a bad end as the result of their greedD. they only had themselves to blame as they were greedyⅤ. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part. (10 points, 2 points each)65.He was diligent and shrewd and, when he had to be, devious.A. secretB. determinedC. deceitfulD. devoted66.There are rich real estate sharks whose faces appear on the covers of glossy magazines.A. big shots in dealing with housing propertiesB. people who are really richC. people who own a lot of housing propertiesD. managers of real big enterprises67.People like us would end up working on something like a dinner-dance…A. finally find ourselvesB. finally stopC. be doing everything butD. realize our dreams by68…. for havin g committed insider-trading violations in the electronics acquisition.A. illegally making money by doing businessB. illegally doing business with insiders to make money6C. illegally making money by exchanging informationD. illegally using information fr om one’s job to make money69.Only his wife stuck by him.A. was still in love with himB. stayed with and supported himC. didn’t leave him though it was against her wishD. sometimes went to visit himPART TWO (38 POINTS)Ⅵ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your translation on your answer sheet. (10 points, 2 points each)70.A young man of humble origins came to New York from the Midwest to seek his fortune.71.We live in an era that celebrates rich people.72.Rich people are shown in the newspapers in the company of movie stars and famous novelists and distinguished dress designers.73.When you asked me to marry you, you said you would surely amount to something. How was I to know that you’d turn out to be a nobody?74.For a moment the young man looked defeated. Then he squared his shoulders and cleared his throat.Ⅶ. Answer the following essay question in English within 80 –100 words. Write your answer on you answer sheet. (10 points)What brought about the downfall of the young man? Prove yours points.Ⅷ. Translate the following into English and write your translation on your answer sheet. (18 points, 2points each from 75 to 79, 8 points for 80)75.毫无疑问，幽默是帮助我们摆脱矛盾的良药，因为要是没有它，我们就会死于烦恼。

全国年高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码

全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements if followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)1.The expression “physically handicapped” is the euphemistic equivalent of “（）”.A. uglyB. skinnyC. deafD. crippled2.A（）is a small open space symbolically enclosed with very low walls and adjoining a building.A. semihouseB. balconyC. plotD. yard3.English grammar is often said to be（）because English uses frequently inflectional morphemes to indicate the grammatical relations between linguistic elements.A. paratacticB. hypotacticC. explicitD. implicit4.The word “（）”is American spelling.A. colourB. travellerC. metreD. defense5.Smiling when criticized would be considered（）in American culture.A. improperB. politeC. friendlyD. frivolous6.A meddlesome person who pries into others’ affairs is a（）.A. busmanB. busybodyC. ladies’ manD. do-gooder7.English is the language which（）.A. demonstrates more hypotactic relations than Chinese does.B. demonstrates more paratactic relations than Chinese does.C. demonstrates only hypotactic relations.D. only relies on conjunctions for sentence construction.8.The idiomatic expression “between Scylla and Charybdis” can be translated into（）.A. 费了九牛二虎之力B. 进退两难C. 坐失良机D. 昙花一现9.Nike is the name of（）in Greek mythology.A. a heroineB. the goddess of victoryC. the goddess of fortuneD. a wealthy lady10.English speakers usually give small gifts to（）on his or her birthday.A. a casual friendB. a new acquaintanceC. a public servantD. a good friend11.（）can function as an appropriate reply to an invitation.A. “Thank you very much. I’ll come if I’m free then”B. “Thank you very much. But I can’t accept your invitation”C. “That would be nice. Thank you”D. “Thank you,I’ll try to come”12.When you want to compliment the new coat Mary wears, you can say（）.A. “I like your new coat.”B. “That’s very nice coat you’re wearing. It must be very expensive.”C. “You look much younger in this coat.”D. “How much did you pay for this coat?”13.The proverbial expression “life is but a walking shadow” is derived from the works of（）.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. John MiltonC. Francis BaconD. William Shakespeare14.In English culture “green” is often associated with（）.A. experienceB. an old ageC. jealousyD. failure15.“A pedant or erudite female intellectual” can be referred to as（）.A. a blue ribbonB. a blue stockingC. a grey mareD. a greengrocer16.The effort to rescue American captive s in Iran in 1980 failed and it was called a(n)“（）” rather than a “failure”.A. incomplete successB. partial successC. intangible successD. mental success17.English speakers expect to be immediately informed of（）the letter they have received is written.A. the purpose for whichB. the reasons for whichC. the date on whichD. the place in which18.“Ticke t s, please!” said the guard, putting his head in at the window. （）everybody was holding out a ticket.A. Until thenB. To this endC. At lastD. In a moment19.Gestures that are used to help explain the spoken words are（）.A. regulatorsB. illustratorsC. adaptersD. emblems20.“A person or thing suddenly lifted from obscurity to honour or significance” can be referred to as（）.A. a CleopatraB. a PandoraC. a CinderellaD. a DavidⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives cancomplete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.(10%)21.When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say（）.A. “It’s very nice”B. “This is really what I want”C. “It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very much ”D. “How much is it? Thank you very much”22.The English equivalents to “副” in Chinese are（）.A. lieutenantB. underC. deputyD. vice23.In English culture, “white” connotes（）.A. reactionB. deathC. innocenceD. purity24.Inductive argumentation has been related to（）.A. The linear thinking patternB. The branching thinking patternC. Inductive reasoningD. Indirect personality25.In individualistic culture,（）.A. an unexpected visitor may be refused franklyB. when you visit somebody, you could stay at his or her home for longC. it is quite common for several friends to pay respectively for what they have had in a restaurantD. it’s not common for parents to pay their children for what they have do ne for the family26.“A Pandora’s box” refers to a present or something（）.A. which the gods send to PandoraB. which brings happiness but looks uglyC. which a bride traditionally gives to a bridegroomD. which seems valuable but brings misfortune27.Much of the（）information is conveyed by eye behaviours.A. factualB. attitudinalC. emotionalD. cultural28.In general, American’s postures are more（）than the Chinese speakers’.A. casualB. aggressiveC. reservedD. appropriate29.The English speakers who expect a text to be developed linearly may find it（）.A. interesting to read a spirally developed textB. difficult to follow a spirally developed textC. illogic to develop a text spirallyD. reasonable to develop a text spirally30.“哪里” as a reply to a polite comment such as “You’re one of the top scholars in this field.” can be translated into“（）”.A. No. That’s not trueB. Not reallyC. It’s such a small fieldD. You’re jokingⅢ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(12%)31.In a formal English letter of invitation, the inviter’s name normally comes___________the invitee’s name.32.The English equivalent of内人is___________.33.The English functional equivalent to 您过奖了is___________.34.Only human beings possess what can be called ___________ in the true sense of the term.35.Never cast your ___________ before swine.36.Man proposes, God ___________.37.Many plant and place names such as “poker” and “Mississippi” in American Englis h come from ___________.38.Each language represents a unique system of meaning in ___________ ways.39.English speakers are direct people who tend to locate ___________ meaning before peripheral meaning.40.A little old woman with a wrinkle face as brown as a ___________ told us our fortune for ten pence.41.Differences in word order between Chinese and English are related to ___________.42.___________ time orientation refers to how people feel, think, or perceive time and how it influences their daily communication and lives.Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly:(12%)43.What is artistic thinking?44.What is the British equivalent for the American word “raincoat”?45.What’s the general rule in English culture when introductions are conducted?46.From which language is the word “cookie” borrowed?47.What does “a white hope” refer to?48.Are there honourifics in English? If there are, what are they?Ⅴ. Translation: (16%)49.It’s a long time since he went west.50.Rain started patter on the roof.51.You can’t judge a person according to his or her appearance.52.53.人不犯我，我不犯人。

2004年10月全国高等教育自学考试英语写作试题

Ⅰ。

Supply the missing paragraph （20 points） The following passage is incomplete with the ending paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided. Too Many Moves My first semester of college was the worst I‘ve been through. Everything started out smoothly enough. I had made plans during the summer to share an apartment with two of my close friends from high school. We had found a nice enough apartment about two miles from campus， but before we even moved in， problems started developing that kept me on the move the entire semester. One of the two girls I was to share an apartment with was going to work instead of going to college. However， a week before we were to move in ， she found out that she didn‘t get the job she had been counting on. She was forced to live at home and look for work， and two of us were stuck with higher monthly rent payments. We lasted for a month and then agreed that we couldn’t make it by ourselves. Joan moved away and I started looking around. I found another apartment and the rent wasn‘t bad. The room was small with one tiny bathroom for four people. The place was noisy， but it was the best I could afford for the time. However， one day when I returned from school， I saw smoke coming from the back of the house. The cottage had caught fire， and the fire department was putting out the last flames. My room was a charred mess； there was no way that anyone could live there for a long time. I was once more out of a place to stay， and there was still over a month of school left. After looking around all weekend for lodging， I finally gave up and moved home. I had to drive forty miles to school every day， so I almost spent as much on gas as I would have on lodging . I‘d drive to school， go to classes， and come home and sit in an empty house for a few hours. I was very bored； I’d also lost the will to study. It had been such a bad semester moving all over the place that my heart wasn‘t in school anymore. So the semester just played itself out. Ⅱ。

全国10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题

全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）（一）词汇应用（15分）选择最佳答案完成句子1.Mary decided to give up her job for the（）of her children.A. careB. sakeC. reasonD. concern2.Watching television has its（）as well as its advantages.A. shortcomingsB. goodsC. benefitsD. disadvantages3.We should take some（）to stop the increase in crime.A. standardsB. measuresC. designsD. units4.The tourist industry（）greatly to the economy of that country.A. supportsB. benefitsC. contributesD. assists5.Without tax, it would be（）to pay the soldiers andpolicemen.A. possibleB. impossibleC. probableD. easy6.We would very much（）it if you could do us a favor.A. associateB. appropriateC. appreciateD. approve7.The photo（）me of the village where we spent our childhood.A. remindsB. remembersC. recallsD. relates8.The new law will not take（）until the beginning of next month.A. placeB. actionC. effectD. position9.All foreign merchants were made to pay heavy（）on the goods they sold or bought.A. feesB. dutiesC. pricesD. money10.Banks both lend money to customers who need it and also borrow money from those who havea lot and therefore want to（）it in the bank.A. developB. benefitC. expandD. deposit11.Get in the car. There’s enough（）for you.A. placeB. seatC. spotD. room12.Scientists have（）many new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.A. put up withB. caught up withC. brought up withD. come up with13.The government of every country should（）great importance to environment protection.A. attachB. approachC. payD. spend14.Before you can start a business, you will have to raise the necessary（）.A. investmentB. savingsC. incomeD. capital15.They covered a wide（）of topics in the interview.A. extentB. collectionC. rangeD. number（二）语法结构（15分）选择最佳答案完成句子16.An economist is someone（）knows a lot about howgoods and wealth are produced and used.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whom17.My mother suggested that（）.A. Mary does some cleaningB. Mary do some cleaningC. Mary did some cleaningD. Mary is going to do some cleaning18.Our boss didn’t think we needed（）how important the task was.A. to be toldB. to tellC. having toldD. being told19.（）the widespread early use of wool and linen, cotton is the most important source of man’s clothing.A. ButB. Despite ofC. HoweverD. Despite20.Can you tell me（）the railway station¡A. how can I getB. how can I reachC. how I can get toD. how I can reach to21.We（）go to the movies quite frequently.A. used toB. are used toC. use toD. are using to22.（）by the police, the villagers felt they were quite safe.A. To be protectedB. ProtectingC. ProtectedD. Having protected23.The police（）respected by the people in our country.A. isB. haveC. hasD. are24.Nowadays it is cheaper to throw the products away（）repair them.A. toB. thanC. than toD. more than25.He（）me yesterday, because I wasn’t there.A. couldn’t have seenB. mustn’t have seenC. couldn’t seeD. shouldn’t have seen26.The statue is as tall as a（）building.A. seven-storeyB. seven-storeysC. seven-storiesD. seventh-story27.（）bad weather stops me, I go for a walk every day.A. IfB. UnlessC. LestD. In case28.Although this book is very old,（）content is very interesting.A. itsB. so itC. it isD. but its29.（）the chance, she might have become a successful business woman.A. GivingB. GiveC. GivenD. Being given30.I haven’t decided which hotel（）.A. to stayB. to stay atC. is to stay atD. is for staying二、改错(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)下面句子中有A、B、C、D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。

全国月高中等教育自学考试英语阅读试题课程代码

全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试英语阅读（二）试题课程代码：00596全部题目用英文作答（翻译题除外），并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上,否则不计分。

SECTION 1 VOCABULARY(30 points)I. Directions: Match the words in Column A with their definitions in Column B. Write the letter of the answer to each word in Column A on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point for each)A B1. challe nge2. in accessible3. surge4. d iverse5. foul6. emerge7. heed8. absurdva10. mag nitude A. making dirty or impureB. aga inst reas on or com mon senseC. forward moveme nt like powerful wavesD. great ness of size or importa nceE. of differe nt kindsF. rock in a very hot liquid stateG. questi on the lawfu In ess or right ness ofH. give atte nti on toI. that cannot be reachedJ. come into existe nceII. Directions: Read each of the following sentences carefully, and choose A,B,C or D that has the closest meaning to the underlined word or phrase. Blacken the corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point for each)11. Through the pass ing mille nnia, thousa nds of ani mal species have come and gone.A. arrived and leftB. appeared and escapedC. come into existe nee and become ext inctD. approached and disappeared12. Occasional loss of livestock must be weighed against the good these animals do in maintaining the balance of nature.A. estimated byB. bala need byC. copied in terms ofD. compared in terms of value of13. Recog nizing the grow ing threat HIV/AIDS poses to child survival, the Age ncy will support efforts for a solutio n.A. affectsB. takes toC. in creasesD. points to14. Pesticides have also taken their toll.A. threate ned their livesB. destroyed their habitatC. played their partD. caused deaths15. With each departure a small part of the diversity of n ature that makes life so in teresti ng is also gone.A. going awayB. ext inctionC. cha ngingD. disaster1 / 1116. Several mon ths later a similar feat was performed by the first America n astr on aut to walk inspace.A. ordinary taskB. no teworthy achieveme ntC. com mon deedD. someth ing done17. On the earth, our atmosphere diffuses light so that, whe n the sun is up, light seems to be everywhere.A. sends out in every direct ionB. focuses in every directio nC. concen trates in every direct ionD. reflects in every direct ion18. During the subsequent lull in hunting, the seal population made a good, although temporary, recovery.A. stopB. still nessC. quiet nessD. pause19. A mutation h appens to suit a new environment, and the “ odd ” creature survives because it isbetter fitted.A. calciumB. remnantC. alterati onD. eradicati on20. This is an unexplored area in vitamin research and the only known advantages of vitamin E are confined to specializedmedical cases.A. assessed inB. restricted toC. con tributed toD. expected onIII. Directions: Scan Passage 1 and find the words which have roughly the meanings given below. Write the word you choose in the corresponding space on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point for each)Note: The numbers in the brackets refer to the numbers of paragraphs in the passage.21. conditions and surroundings that affect people ' s lives (1)22. passing on of physical or mental characteristics from parents to children (2)23. have an effect on each other (2)24. way in which someth ing works (3)25. power of lear ning, un dersta nding and reas oning (4)26. con troll ing or han dli ng someth ing with skill (4)27. characteristics and qualities of a person (5)28. decidi ng the value or amount of someth ing (6)29. expla ining someth ing which is not easily un dersta ndable (6)30. make someth ing difficult to see clearly (6)Passage 11. We inherit genes, not traits. When we say that a boy got his brown eyes from his father, we really mean that he got the genes for brown eyes from his father. Every gene must develop in an environment, and the environment influences how that gene will develop. In the case of fruit flies, the vestigial( 退化的)-wing characteristic will develop if the flies are raised at room temperature. If the flies are reared at about 92 o F( 33o C) , however, the wings will be almost normal.2. In the final analysis, the question, “ Which is more important, heredity or environment?has no meaning. There can be no “ heredity versus environment ” situation: both factors, heredity2 / 11and environment, must interact for an organism to develop.3. Still, we can get some idea of the relative contributions of heredity and environment to certain traits. To do this, we must determine the genetic mechanism for a particular trait. We must also determine how much effect the environment can have on the trait. Neither of these determinations is easy, but for a few traits they have both been made.4. In the case of D own' s syndrome, for example, we know that the presence of an extra number 21 chromosome sets limits on the development of the intelligence and largely determines certain other abnormal characteristics of the victim. Unfortunately, no amount of environmenta l manipulation can cause the victim 's intelligence to exceed a certain “subnlevel. Thus we can say that in the development of the phenotype of a person with Down' s syndrome, heredity makes a relatively great contribution —by imposing severe limits.5. But in most situations one can study, the role of the environment is very much in evidence. Identical human twins who have been reared apart show quite noticeable phenotypic differences, in personality and even in some physical characteristics.6. The problem of assessing the relative contributions of heredity and environment to human intelligence is notoriously difficult and controversial. On the one hand, many studies have shown high correlations between the intelligence of individuals and their degree of “ relatedness ” . On the other hand, the many variables encountered in studies of this type make interpretation very difficult. But some studies have found correlations suggesting environmental factors influence intelligence more than genetic factors do. So the question of intelligence and inheritance is still very much up in the air. The problems and the controversy should not, however, obscure one basic fact: intelligence, like any other trait, depends on the interaction of both genetic and environmental factors.SECTION 2 READING COMPREHENSION (40 points)IV. Directions: Skim passage 2 and read the statements given right after the passage and judge whether they are True or False. Blacken the corresponding answer you choose on your ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point for each)Passage 21. Mild stress is known to improve learning. A totally relaxed child will not be as receptive tonew information as a child experiencing mild stress. It is also known that when the stress ofworking at a job is removed when elderly people retire they age more quickly unless new activities are substituted in their lives. It is thought that senility occurs more frequently with inactivity than with continued activity. Much of the great art, inventions and discoveries has resulted from the stress of the creators. Would we have the Sistine Chapel（西斯行廷教堂） if Michaelangelo had lived a quiet stressless life?2. We must also admit that the bodily changes that occur under stress often lead to activities that could not be performed under normal circumstances. The 110-pound woman who lifts a one-ton automobile to release her child caught under the wheels could not ordinarily perform this feat; the bodily changes produced by the stress of the situation enable her to do this superhuman act. An athlete relies on the changes that occur under stress to help him run faster, tackle harder, and win the game.3. It appears that the amount of harmful stress any particular individual experiences depends upon how he views the stressful experience. If he sees it as threatening, it is a bad stress; but if he views it as a challenge, it can be a beneficial3 / 11stress. Also, his personality type plays a significant role in the determination of whether the stress is good or bad. Certain types of people appear to need stress to make their lives exciting and meaningful —it keeps them young, alive, and functioning. Other types seem to need routine, quiet, and peaceful environment.4. Should you avoid stress or encourage it? The experts don ' t haverethses answer. Since sthas always been part of the human condition and life is not static —unexpected things do happen —complete avoidance is impossible. In fact, worrying about stress is a stress itself. Some authorities suggest that everyone use meditation and relaxation techniques to lessen the effects of stress. They favor changing our busy life-style to slower-paced living, striving less, and staying put more. Other authorities state that these methods may erase the beneficial effects of stress and that if you receive gratifications from a hectic lifestyle, adopting a more relaxed routine may deprive you of needed stimuli and lower the quality of your life.5. All do agree that attitude is one of the most important factors. A positive attitude can make stress your ally. A negative attitude will make stress your enemy. Since we may never know whose advice to follow, perhaps the best course is to accept stress as inevitable, both good and bad, and to keep the stress that feels good and try to eliminate the stress that feels bad. You be your own expert!31. Total relaxation enables you to receive new information more easily than stressful circumstance.32. People age much more quickly if they are active after retirement.33. People under stress can sometimes make incredible events happen.34. Women whose weight is over 110 pounds can lift a one-ton object.35. Whether stress is good or bad is not decided by the stressful situation itself, but by how people view it.36. Stress keeps some people young, alive and lively.37. There have been controversies among the authorities over whether meditation and relaxationtech niq ues should be recomme nded.38. According to the author, stresses can not be classified into positive and negative ones.39. Stressful experiences won ' t beithwe aWtipt right attitude towards them.40. If you want to live Ion ger, please stay put and be quiet and peaceful.V. Directions: Read Passages 3 and 4 and choose the correct answer. Blacken the corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET.(20 points, 1 point for each)Passage 31. In the evolution of mammals from reptiles, there was a succession of physical changes: the developme nt of warm blood, body hair in stead of scales, and the begi nning of the nursing of the young. This radical physical tran sformatio n provided mammals with a greater tolera nee for external temperature and required relianee on specialized food types. When the dominant dino saurs became ext in ct, the Age of Mammals bega n. For the rest 60 millio n years mammals expa nded into the biological vacuum which they were better equipped to exploit tha n all but afew varieties of reptiles.2. The habitat of life forms on earth has been the entire planet, conveniently dividing the world into the birds of the air, the fish of the sea, and the creatures of the land. The evolutionary process also created sea-dwelli ng mammals who appeared to reverse the process of evoluti on asthey returned to the sea. The whales ' limbs became flipperlike, and they lost the hair on their4 / 11bodies, suit ing them better to aquatic life.3. On the other hand, in the course of the evolution of birds from reptiles, there was a succession of cha nges in the bone, muscle, and skin structures of the ani mals. This wholesale restructuring of some reptiles over a period of thousands of years equipped the new animals to escape their predators and to find food more easily. But the evoluti onary process did not stop there. Once adapted to flight, some birds con ti nued to cha nge and the process seemed to reverse itself. As penguins adapted to marine life, their wings changed to flippers and their feathers to a waterproof coveri ng, thus suit ing the birds for a semi-aquatic existe nee.41. The Age of Mammals began when ______ .A. ani mals evolved from reptilesB. ani mals nu rsed the youngC. an imals were more tolera nt to exter nal temperatureD. the dominant dino saurs died out42. It can be con cluded from this passage that the an cestors of whalesA. were fishC. lived on the land43. In paragraph 2, the wordA. of earthC. of river44. In paragraph 3, the wordB. chased reptilesD. had too many offspri ng‘ aquatic ' is closest in meaning toB. of landD. of water‘ succession ' is closest in meaning to5 / 11A. completi onB. seriesC. additi onD. achieveme nts45. Certa in reptiles gradually became able to escape quickly by _____ .A. acquiri ng new structural featuresB. beco ming smaller and stron gerC. finding food more easilyD. cha nging their eat ing habits46. Penguins are ______ .A. sea birdsB. birds on landC. reptilesD. mammals47. What is one of the cha nges in the course of the evoluti on of birds from reptiles?A. Blood temperature.B. Body surface.C. Ski n color.D. Bone structure.48. Whales and Penguins have someth ing in com mon in their ____ .A. flyi ngB. swimmi ngC. adaptatio n to n atureD. ski n structure49. Accord ing to the passage, which stateme nt is true?A. Birds and mammals developed from reptiles.B. Reptiles use birds ' eggs as a saoutce ofC. Birds adapted to living with reptiles.D. Mammals are more tolera nt to differe nt types of food.50. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Evoluti on of Mammals.B. The Evoluti on of Life on Earth.C. The Disappeara nee of Reptiles.D. The Adaptatio n of Whales and Penguins.Passage 41. The temperature of the Sun is over 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center. The Sun is so much hotter than the Earth that matter can exist only as a gas, except at the core .In the core of the Sun, the pressures are so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may bea small solid core. However, no one really kno ws, since the cen ter of the Sun can n ever be directly observed.2. Solar astronomers do know that the Sun is divided into five layers or zones. Starting at the outsides atmosphere. and going dow n into the Sun, the zones are the coro na, chromospheres, photosphere, convection zone, and fin ally the core. The first three zones are regarded as the SunBut since the Sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where the atmosphere ends and the main body of the Sun begi ns.3. The Sun ' s outermost layer beg ins about 10,000 miles above the visible isrface and goes outward for milli ons of miles. This is the only part of the Sun that can be see n duri ng an eclipse6 / 117 / 11such as the one in February 1979. At any other time, the corona can be see n only whe n special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to keep out the glare of the Sun ' s rays.4. The corona is a brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full Moon. Itsbeautiful rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse. The corona' s rays flash out in a brilliant fan that has wispy spikelike rays near the Sun' s north and south poles. The corona is thickest at the Sun ' s equator.5. The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds and reach ing a temperature of more tha n 2 milli on degrees Fahre nheit. The rays of gas thi n out asthey reach the space around the planets. By the time the Sun' s corona rays reach the Earth, they are weak and in visible.51. The temperature of the Sun at the center is _____ .A. over 5,000 degrees Fahre nheitB. more tha n 5,000 degrees Cen tigradeC. over 16,000,000 degrees Fahre nheitD. more than 16,000,000 degrees Ce ntigrade52. One thing that is sure about the core of the Sun is that ______ .A. it is gasB. it is solidC. the temperature is lowD. the pressure is great 53. The zone that is NOT regarded as the Sun' s atmosphere is A. convection zoneB. corona zoneC. chromospheres zone54. Paragraph 2 is mainly about _______ .A. how the Sun evolvedC. why scie ntists study the SunD. the main body of the Sun 55. The word “ glare ” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to . A. glitterB. gleamC. blazeD. fire 56.The word“ one ” in Paragraph 3 refers to . A. the Sun B. the coronaC. an eclipseD. the surface57. The coro na can be see n _____ .A. only in an eclipseB. with n aked eyesC. with any cameras or telescopesD. with cameras equipped with special in strume nts58. Which is NOT true about the coro na?A. It is the outmost layer of the Sun.B. It is very bright as the full Moo n.C. It is as white as pearl.D. photosphere zone B. the structure of the Suns equator.D. It is the thinn est at the Sun59. The word “ sen sati onal ” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .A. spectacularB. predictableC. bizarreD. con sta nt60. Accord ing to the passage, as the corona rays reach the pla nets, they become ___ .A. hotterB. clea nerC. thinnerD. stron gerVI. Directions: Passage 5 is taken from the textbook. Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer.Blacken the corresponding letter of the answer on your ANSWER SHEET.(10 points, 1 point for each)Passage 51. Social an xiety is the sin gle most com mon psychological problem, accord ing to the 1986results of the Stanford Shyn ess Inven tory, a survey con ducted by Philip G.Zimbardo, professor of social psychology at Stanford Uni versity of Califor nia. At a party with stra ngers, for in sta nee, three-quarters of adults have anxiety. “ Thebest estimate is that 40 percent of all Americ ans suffer from shyn ess, ” says Zimbardo.2. How can you avoid being n ervous whe n you meet people? Prepare. Preparatio n for anycom muni cati ng situati on is a must. You ' ve bee n in vited to a big dinner party in two weeks. Youknow that one of the other guests is a politicia n. Scan the n ewspapers and magaz in es; liste n to newscasts for topics of conversation in political areas. Then, at the party, pretend you ' rein in terviewer on talk show. Think of questi ons to ask that can ' t be an swered yes or no. opinion, who …”“ What do you think of …” Keep the mome ntum going.3. Whether you ' re delivering a speech, approaching your boss for a raise or an importantsocial occasi on, do your homework. The most polished, smoothly delivered, spontan eous-so unding talks are the results of many hours of work. The memorable on e-l iners and moving phrases that go down in history don 't-ooiiiuii^rouT^tBBbf inspiration.4. If you ' rmaking a presentation of any sort, begin preparing as far ahead of time aspossible. “ Goodwriting, s a ys Harvard University historian Richard Marius, “ isa kind ofwrestling with thought ” . Begin the wrestling match Twoyd ays before your presentation isusually too late to go into the ring and come up with a wi nning idea.5. “ To com muni cate, "Newaysork Times colu mnist William Samire, “ put your thoughtsin order, give them a purpose; use them to persuade, to in struct, to discover, to seduce.6. Prepare yourself as well as your material, giving special attention to your voice. A shrill,nasal tone strikes your listener like chalk screeching on a blackboard. By putting energy and resonance into your voice, you will have a positive effect. If your voice is timid or quivers with nervousness, you sense it, the audienee hears it, and you see discomfort in their eyes. With energy and enthusiasm in your voice, the listeners say ahhh, tell me more. You read approval.7. Like your voice, your appeara nce is a com muni catio n tool. For example, if you areanimated, you are more likely to see animated listeners. You give the audience the message: I ' m glad I ' m here; I ' m glad you ' re here.8 / 118. Your approach can, in fact, be a powerful weapon for deflecting hostility —from an audie nee, an in terviewer, an employer. A ben evole nt aspect says I un dersta nd and con veys good will and positive expectations. It works.9. However, don' fever assume that an audie nee, an in terviewer, your boss will be sympathetic. Always be prepared for a grilli ng. Think beforeha nd of the ten toughest questi ons you could get and be ready with your answers. And remember, when you ' resked a hostile questi on, n ever show hostility to your questi on er. If you do, you lose.10. While the hostile questioner is talking, prepare your response. Take a positive tack immediately, and make your an swers short. The in sta nt the in terviewer fini shes the questio n, begi n the an swer: first point, sec ond point, third point …b in go, your con clusi on. It 'like shooti ng a basket. Keep your eyes on the basket, and bounce, bounce, shoot to your con clusi on.11. The way you liste n gives messages about you too. Liste n with in terest, focus ing youreyes on the speaker. If you are sitting next toward the person, angle your body slightly in the chair so that you ' re turned toward the person. Animate your face with approval. It says, I you, I ' m interested in what you ' re saying.12. Once you ' re prepared for a situation, you ' re 50 percent of the way toward overcomingn ervous ness. The other 50 perce nt is the physical and men tal con trol of n ervous ness: adjust ingyour attitude so you have con fide nee, and con trol of yourself and your audie nee.13. I was in the theater for many years and always went to work with terrible stage fright —until I was in The King and I ” . While waiting offstage one night, I saw Yul Brynner, the show s star, push ing in a lunging positi on aga inst a wall. It looked as though he wan ted to knock it dow n. “ This helps me con trol my n ervous ness, ” he expla in ed.14. I tried it and, sure eno ugh, freed myself from stage fright. Not only that, but push ingthe wall seemed to give me a whole new kind of physical energy. Later I discovered that when you push aga inst a wall you con tract the muscles that lie just below where your ribs begi n to splay. I call this area the “ vital triangle ”.15. To un dersta nd how these muscles work, try this: Sit i n a straight-backed chair and lea nslightly forward. Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, _____your fingertips pointing upward, and push so that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and un der your arms.16. Say ssssssss like a hiss. As you ' re exhaiincptirteact those muscles in the vitaltriangle as though you were rowing a boat, pulling the oars back and up. The vital triangle should tighte n. Relax the muscles at the end of your exhalati on, the n in hale gen tly.17. You can also adjust your attitude to prevent nervousness. What you say to yourselfsends a message to your audienee. If you tell yourself you ' refraid, that 'ths message your liste ner receives. So select the attitude you want to com muni cate. Attitude adjusti ng is your men tal suit of armor agai nst n ervous ness. If you en terta in only positive thoughts, you will be_________________________________________________giving out these vibes: joy and ease, enthusiasm, sincerity and concern, and authority.18. You have the power within you to become a forceful, persuasive, con fide nt comm un icator. With these tech niq ues, you will be able to ask for a raise, make a sale, deal with a family crisis, feel comfortable in social and bus in ess situati ons. Master the simple prin ciples set out here and you will n ever be n ervous aga in.61. Which of the following is true according to Paragraphs 1 and 2?A. Two fifths of people suffer from shyn ess on social occasi ons.9 / 11B. On e-quarter of adults do not have an xiety before stra ngers at parties.C. Many America ns make good preparati ons before deliveri ng a speech.D. Social an xiety is the most com mon social problem.62. In Paragraph 3, “ do your homework ” meansA. finish your assig nmentB. deliver spontan eous talksC. make preparati onsD. avoid being n ervous63. Which is NOT men ti oned as a means to com muni cate?A. To in struct.B. To persuade.C. To seduce.D. To warn.64. The main idea of Paragraph 6 is that ______ .A. we must prepare our material before com muni cat ing with othersB. voice plays an importa nt part in effective com muni cati onC. few people pay eno ugh atte nti on to their tonesD. it is difficult to cover n ervous ness65. To prepare yourself you should pay atte nti on to the follow ing EXCEPT ______ .A. approachB. appeara neeC. audie neeD. voice66. In the last sentence of Paragraph 8, “it ”. refers toA. good willB. your approachC. a ben evole nt aspectD. a powerful weap on67. When asked a hostile questi on, the speaker should _________A. keep quietB. focus his/her eyes on the questi onerC. an swer backD. n ever be unfrien dly to the questi oner68. According to the author, one can conquer nervousness by acting in the following waysEXCEPT that ______ .A. he has fully prepared for a situati onB. he has a physical and men tal con trol of n ervous nessC. he can prepare himself as well as his materialD. he can turn to experts for help69. What does the author want to show by his experie nee of freeing himself from stage fright?A. He wants to show that men tal preparatio n works before stage performa nee.B. He wants to show that self-e on trol of n ervous ness is importa nt before stage performa neeC. He wants to show how important it is to be well prepared physically.D. He wants to show how one can win the audienee.70. From Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 17, the artiele diseusses ______ .10 / 11A. how to deliver leetures sueeessfullyB. how to free on eself from stage frightC. how to preve nt n ervous nessD. how to make good preparati ons for soeial eom muni eati onSECTION 3 QUESTIONS AND TRANSLATION® points)VII. Directions: The following questions are closely related to Passage 5. Write a brief answer (one to three complete sentences) to each of the questions on your ANSWER SHEET. Pay attention to the words, grammar and sentence structure in your answers. (15 points, 3 points for each)71.Suppose you are going to see a politieia n, what preparati ons should you make?72. Do the memorable one-liners and moving phrases in history eome from last-minute bursts of in spirati on? Why or whyn ot?73. Use two con trasti ng examples to show the in flue nee of voiee on eom mun icati on.74. What should we prepare for a grilli ng?75. Why is it importa nt to adjust your attitude if you want to preve nt n ervous ness?VIII. Directions: Translate the following sentences(taken from Passage 5) into Chinese and write the Chinese version in the corresponding space on your ANSWER SHEET.(15 points, 3 points for each)76. Two days before your presentation is usually too late to go into the ring and eome up with a winning idea.77. If your voiee is timid and quivers with n ervous ness, you sense it, the audie nee hears it, and you see discomfort intheir eyes.78. Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, your fingertips pointing upward, and pushso that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and un der your arms.79. If you entertain only positive thoughts, you will be giving out these vibes: joy and ease, en thusiasm, sin eerity andconcern, and authority.80. With these techniques, you will be able to ask for a raise, make a sale, deal with a family crisis, feel comfortable insoeial and bus in ess situati ons.11 / 11。

全国2002年10月高等教育自学考试基础英语试题1

课程代码：00088⼀、单词或短语的英汉互译(共10分)1、将下列词语译成中⽂(5分)(1)the Bureau of International Commerce (2)upswings or downswings(3)hypothetical economy (4)in random fashion(5)surplus2、将下列词语译成英⽂(5分)(6)法定最低储备⾦ (7)完完全全的⾃由贸易(8)背负式运输服务 (9)⼴告媒介(10)收视者的⼈⼝统计数据⼆、词汇应⽤和语法结构(共30分)(⼀)词汇应⽤(15分)选择答案完成句⼦。

1. You've got to be there on time. I'm ______ on you.A. countingB. hangingC. holdingD. sitting2. You've never been to Hongkong! You're ______ me on.A. catchingB. havingC. layingD. playing3. Before using your pressure cooker, read the following ______ carefully.A. noticesB. ordersC. instructionsD. advertisements4. Different conditions made it hard to ______ the exact dosage of medicine for patients.A. prefaceB. doseC. orderD. prescribe5. It is not profitable to provide bus services in districts where population is widely ______.A. scatteredB. separatedC. spacedD. divided6. Don't ______ to get dinner for me today; I'll eat out.A. worryB. disturbC. botherD. interrupt7. Anybody with ______ intelligence would have known better.A. normalB. naturalC. trueD. right8. It is wrong for someone in such a high ______ in the government to behave so hardly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. standard9. I hope you will keep ______ doing anything rash.A. inB. onC. fromD. off10. Grocers have agreed to bring ______ the cost of several basic commodities.A. overB. downC. forthD. off11. Grandfather will retire from his job next year and ______ things easy.A. makeB. takeC. doD. get12. The plans for the building were ______ a few months ago. They were very satisfactory.A. drawn onB. drawn backC. drawn outD. drawn up13. The company has the ______right to print Mr. Dare's books.A. exclusiveB. inclusiveC. excludingD. including14. Harry likes eating very much but he isn't very ______ about the food he eats.A. specialB. unusualC. particularD. peculiar15. This letter is so badly written that I can't ______ what the writer is trying to say.A. put upB. give upC. figure outD. look out(⼆)语法结构(15分)选择答案完成句⼦。

2004年10月全国高等教育自学考试英语写作基础试题

Ⅰ、重写句⼦（本⼤题共10⼩题，每⼩题1.5，共15分） Revise the following sentences according to the requirement. Example： The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways.（Periodic sentence） In many ways， the history of English words is the history of our civilization. 1.The enemy ran away as soon as they saw our flag. （ simple sentence） 2.A high mountain stands in the east. A large river flows in the west.（compound sentence） 3.At last my wish is realized. The government has granted me permission to go to the West.（complex sentence） 4.Jun Ji Hyun（全智贤）， a South Korean actress， has earned the adoration of the and audiences. She presents an honest， flawed character beautifully in the film Sassy. （compound-complex sentence） 5.Iraq‘s fallen dictator Saddam Hussein refused to answer any questions or recognize any of his crimes when he was brought to court.（Periodic sentence） 6.Former American President， Ronald Reagan， died at the age of 83（1911-2004）。

2004年10月全国高教自考“英语(一)”试题(1)

2004年10月全国高教自考“英语（一）”试题(1) 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢a．whichb．whatc．thatd．if5．it’s necessary that he ____ in time to attend the meeting．a．comeb．camec．comesd．will come6．sometimes very young children have trouble ___ the right from the wrong．a．for separatingb．to separatec．having separatedd．separating7．______ the saying goes, practicemakes perfect．a．sinceb．asc．ford．like8．it is impolite to _____ in others’ private affairs．a．involveb．invadec．integrated．interfere9．they thought the program was ___ investigating．a．worthb．worthyc．worthwhiled．worthing10．to our delight, she quickly ____ herself to the situation．PJ5%xp,%mS\%U~L-.C PJ 5%xp,%mS\%U~L-.Ca．adoptedb．adaptedc．attachedd．appealedii．cloze test (10 points, 1point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项．根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．smoking is harmful to health．our tobacco-seller, mr．johnson, always asks his customers, if they are very young, whom the cigarettes are bought __11__．one day, a little girl whom he had never seen before walked into his shop and demanded twenty cigarettes．she had the __12__ amount of money in her hand and seemed very sure of herself．mr．johnson was so __13__by her confident manner that he forgot to ask his usual question．__14__, he asked her what kind of cigarettes she wanted．the girl replied readily and handed him the money．whilehe was giving her the __15__, mr．johnson said laughingly that as she was so young she should __16__ the packet in her pocket in case a policeman saw it．__17__, the little girl did not seem to find it funny．without even smiling she took the packet and walked towards the door．suddenly she stopped, turned __18__, and looked at mr．johnson．there was a moment of silence and mr．johnson __19__ what she was going to say．all at once, in a clear, firm voice, she said “my dad is a policeman,” and with that she walked quickly __20__ the shop．11．a．with b．to c．for d．by12．a．exact b．some c．large d．enough13．a．worried b．annoyed c．surprised d．pleased14．a．therefore b．instead c．anyway d．somehow15．a．change b．warning c．bill d．cigarettes16．a．cover b．hide c．dip d．take17．a．nevertheless b．moreover c．therefore d．then18．a．away b．round c．over d．aside19．a．wondered b．considered c．doubted d．expected20．a．into b．out of c．on d．awayiii．reading comprehension (30 points, 2points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑．passage onequestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage．most people sometimes feel lonely, but it usually only lasts between minutes and a few hours．this kind of loneliness is not serious．in fact, it is quite normal．for some people, thought, loneliness can last for years．now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness．the first kind of loneliness is temporary．this is the most common type．it usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention．the second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation—for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to new place．although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year．the third kind of loneliness is the most severe．unlike the second type, chronic ( 习惯性的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause．people who experience habitual loneliness have problem socializing and becoming close to others．unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve theircondition．psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts, ．friends, family members, coworkers, etc．we depend on various people for different reasons．for instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities with us．however, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more．they question their own popularity．psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart diseases．while temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous,condition．21．what can we learn from the passage about temporary loneliness?a．it requires special attention．b．it is very common and usually disappears quickly．c．it is serious but it usually disappears quickly．d．it is as serious as chronic loneliness．0y*Q”rsrm-` WYG r3U http://*Q”rsrm-` WYG r3U22．though lonely people may have many social contacts, ?a．they want to socialize with more peopleb．they still need others to guide themc．they still others to support them emotionallyd．they want to question their own popularity23．what kind of loneliness can cause serious illness?a．temporary lonelinessb．situational loneliness．c．chronic loneliness．d．short-term loneliness．24．why do chronically lonely people need help?a．because they have difficulty socializing and chronic loneliness can cause serious illness．b．because chronic loneliness lastsmore than two years．c．because they think there’s littl e they can do to improve their condition．d．because they think they should have more social contacts．25．according to the passage, which of the following statements is true?a．only a small number of people feel lonely．b．like chronic loneliness, situational loneliness can cause physical problems．c．chronically lonely people have no difficulty socializing and becoming close to others．d．all kinds of loneliness are very dangerous．passage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage．studies show that the world in 2010 will be more crowded, more polluted and less stable ecologically ( 在生态方面)than the world we live in now．visible ahead is serious stress involving population, resources and environment．despite greater food output, people in the world will be poorer in many ways than they are today．for hundreds of millions of the extremely poor, the outlook for food and other necessities of life will be no better．for many it will be worse．while the economies of the developing countries are expected to grow at a faster rate than those of the industrialized nations, the total national product per head in most less developed countries remains low．the existing gap between the rich and poor nations will further widen．world food production is estimated to increase by 90 percent from 1970 to 2010．most of that increase goes to the countries that already have relativelyhigher per-head food consumption ( 消费)．meanwhile, per-head consumption of food in the developing countries will scarcely improve or will actually fall far below the present inadequate level．what is worse is prices for food are expected to double．as a result, many less developed countries will have increasing difficulties meeting energy needs．for the one quarter of mankind that depends primarily on wood for fuel, the outlook is not hopeful．regional water shortage will become more severe．in the 1970-2010 period population growth will require twice as much water as it does today in nearly half the world．still greater increases would be needed to improve standards of living．development of new water supplies will become more costly．26．according to the passage, in 2010 while output of food will be greater, ．a．people will have sufficient food supplies．b．the world resources will become more than enoughc．in most developing countries people will have less food than they have todayd．the living standards of the world’s population will improve greatly27．according to the author, in 2010 for many poor people, ．a．things will get even worseb．things will be a little betterc．it will be necessary for them to improve their housingd．it will be impossible to obtain enough necessities of life28．in the 1970-2010 period, the large proportion of global increase of food production goes ．a．to 90 percent 9C7}?X&K+3_b?/b:?y/.GSa}M f?L 5 我的学习网自考成考自考试题htTP://]d]:?y/.GSa}M f?L 567．昨天要不是生病，她就来了。

自考国贸专业的“基础英语”都考什么？

自考国贸专业的“基础英语”都考什么？
基础英语（课程代码：00088）是国际贸易专业专科一门必考课程，通过此课程使考生掌握基本的专业英语知识，为后续的课程（如外贸函电等）打下英语基础。

本课程同时也是北京市文凭考试国际贸易专业“基础英语（国贸专业）”唯一的可替代课程。

注意：本课程是专业课，英语专业毕业生考本专业，不能免考此课程。

此课程的考试题型一般有一下几种：
一、单词或短语的英汉互译：共10分
（一）将下列词语译成中文（5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
（二）将下列词语译成英文（5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
二、词汇应用和语法结构：共30分
（一）词汇应用（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）选择最佳答案完成句子
（二）语法结构（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）选择最佳答案完成句子。

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