2 12黄金挤奶法则

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8. Disinfect teats Immediately 即刻消毒乳头
The most essential feature of post dip is to support healing of the teat skin. Teat skin disinfection is the second important feature. 后 药浴的最重要作用是促进乳头皮肤的愈合，次重要 作用是乳头消毒 • Dip or spray teats as soon as the milking cluster has been removed • 脱杯后即刻药浴或喷淋乳头 • Use an approved post milking teat disinfectant • 使用认证的挤后药浴液 • Do not spray water while the cows are still in the parlour. • 奶牛在奶厅时，不 要喷淋水
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4. Clean and Dry Teats before milking 挤奶前清洁和擦干奶头
Any dirt remaining on the teat skin and teat can contaminate the milk and lead to high bacteria count of the milk 乳头及皮肤上的污物会污染牛奶， 升高大缸奶细菌数 • Use disposable paper or udder towels to clean off and dry each teat carefully • 用一次性纸巾或毛巾仔细清洁和擦干每个乳头 • Never use paper or towels for more than one cow • 每张纸巾或每条毛巾只能擦拭一头牛 • Also wipe off the teat end carefully to remove dirt around the teat opening • 乳头末端的乳头孔周围也要仔细擦干，擦净污物 • Make sure no water is remaining on the udder • 确定乳房上没有水残 留
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7. Detach milking Cluster correctly 正确脱杯
Take off level, post miliking duration and Take off delay settings effect the take off. Use proper settings for the production level of the herd! 脱 杯流量，后挤奶时长和脱杯延迟等参数设置影响脱 杯效果。选择与牛群单产最匹配的脱杯参数！ • Shut off vacuum to the cluster when milking completed (manually or automatically) • 挤奶结束关闭杯组真空（手动或自动） • Allow claw vacuum to decline fully before removing cluster • 移除杯组前，使奶爪的真空完全下降 • Do not squeeze the udder • 不要挤压乳房 • Take off cluster after vacuum shutoff • 无真空后摘取杯组
• • • • • • • • Check Vacuum level 检查真空水平 Check Pulsation rate of each pulsator 检查每个脉动器的脉动频率 Inspect tubes for leaking 检测奶管漏气 Check air inlet of the cluster for blockages 检查杯组进气阀是否堵塞
• Dip teats directly after foremilking • 挤头把奶后立即药浴 • Pre dip, using approved pre-milking teat disinfectants • 挤前药浴采用认证的乳头消毒液 • Leave the teat dip minimal 30 sec to disinfect the teat skin. • 药浴液在乳头停留至少30秒，以消毒乳头皮肤
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2. Foremilk each teat (Strip) 每个乳头挤头3把奶
Foremilking is essential for detecting abnormal milk and for stimulating complete letdown of the milk. Insufficient pre milking results in poor milk letdown. 挤头3把奶对检出异常乳必不可少， 也是提供充分刺激，促进排乳完全的前提。刺激不 够则排乳不畅
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3. Disinfect teats after foremilking 挤头把奶后乳头药浴
Disinfection of dirty teats is not effective. Wipe off dirt from teats before pre dipping. 给脏 乳头消毒效果不佳，须先擦掉乳头上的污物
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12. Be Consistent 保持一致性
• • • • • • • • • • • Dip cows directly after pre milking 挤头把奶后，立即药浴 Dip Contact Time of 30-40 seconds. 药浴液作用时间30-40秒 Clean and Dry Teats 10 seconds stimulation minimal 10秒刺激并擦干乳头 Prep Lag Time should be 1-2 minutes 乳头准备时间应为1-2分钟 Record data and calculate essential KPI’s 记录数据，计算KPIs …………..
12 Golden Milking Rules 12黄金挤奶法则
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1. Check milking system at each start of milking 每次挤奶前检查挤奶系统
Make sure all material needed is available (towels, fresh teat dip etc) before the first cows are allowed to enter the parlour. 进牛前，务必先 将所有物品准备到位，如毛巾、药浴杯等
• Strip 3-4 milk jets from each teat into a strip cup (Never strip milk onto the floor) • 将头3-4 把奶挤至奶杯（不要挤至地面） • Examine the milk for flocculation, colour changes or other inconsistencies • 检查乳汁是否絮状， 乳汁颜色是否变化， 或其他乳汁不均一
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5. Attach Cluster and check cluster position 套杯并检查杯组位置
• Always make sure the cluster is clean before attaching to the udder • 每次套杯前，确定杯组清洁 • Attach milking cluster within 60-90 seconds after starting teat preparation • 开始乳头准备后60-90秒内套杯 • Avoid air entry during cluster attachment • 套杯时避免空气进入 • Check cluster positioning, make sure that long milk tubes are aligned with pulse tube, avoiding twisting of tubes • 检查杯组位置，确 定长奶管与脉动管 并行，没有扭结与 交叉
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6. Avoid In-complete & Overmilking 避免过挤
Re-attach clusters that drop off or are kicked off immediately, not to delay the milking process 掉 杯或踢杯后立即二次上杯，不要影响挤奶进度 • Watch the milking process during milking; don’t do anything else • 挤奶时，注意观察挤奶过程，不要做其他事情 • Over milking could damage teat ends • 发生过挤会损失乳头末端 • Identify the end of milking; by direct observation of milk flow; or via flow sensors in case of automatic cluster removal • 判定挤奶结束的时间； 可通过直接观察奶流 量；或通过自动脱杯 的流量感应器
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9. Bring the cows back to the barn 奶牛回牛舍
Minimize the risk of manure and water splashing on the teats directly after milking. 避免将粪污溅 到乳头上！ • The return lane should be dry and not slippery • 回牛通道干燥，不湿滑 • Make sure the cows have fresh water available after milking • 挤奶后，保证奶牛有新鲜饮水 • Feeding keeps the cows standing up for 20-30 minutes, giving the teat opening time to close • 挤奶后，奶牛保持站立20-30分钟，给乳头孔闭合 的时间
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10. Check milk is cold when finish milking挤பைடு நூலகம்结束后，检查牛奶是否冷却
Cooling the milk as quickly and as efficiently as possible is essential for milk quality. 快速、有效的冷却牛奶是保证牛奶质量的必要因素 • Milk temperature should be below 4 degrees within 2 hours after milking is completed • 挤奶结束后2小时，牛奶温度应低于4℃
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11. Clean and disinfect milking equipment 挤奶设备清洗与消毒
• Clean outside milking units and all surfaces in the parlour • 清洗挤奶单元及奶厅地面 • After each milking rinse and clean internal milking system, either manually or automatically • 挤奶结束后，手动或自动冲洗和清洗挤奶设备内部 管路 • Use approved detergents, follow dose, routine and temperature instructions on the label • 使用认证的清洗剂，按照指定浓度，遵循清洗程序 和温度说明 • When required disinfect the milking system: use approved sanitizers, follow label instructions • 使用认证的消毒剂消毒设备，按照说明书操作 • Remove clusters from cluster cleaners and allow milking system and milking units to dry • 清洗结束后，将杯组从清洗托摘除，使设备及挤奶 单元自然干燥