初中英语名词讲解及专项练习
初中英语名词讲解与练习
初中英语名词讲解与练习初中英语名词解说与练习1.总的说来,名词分专有名词和普通名词两类。
专有名词: 表示详细的人,事物,地点或机构的专有称号。
〔专有名词的第一个字母要大写。
〕Lucy China 中国Asia 亚洲Beijing 北京。
普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或笼统概念的称号。
例如:teacher 教员tea 茶reform 革新普通名词又可进一步分为四类1) 集体称号:表示单个的人和事物。
house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片2) 团体称号:表示一群人或一些事物的称号。
people 人们family 家庭army 军队government 政府group 集团3) 物名质词:表示物质或不具有确定外形和大小的集体的物质。
fire 火steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶4)笼统名词:表示举措,形状,质量或其他笼统概念。
labour 休息health 安康life 生活friendship友谊patience耐力2.名词按其所表现的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词(Countable Nouns)有双数方式,如:an apple two apples a car some cars不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)普通没有双数方式.笼统名词, 物质名词和专有名词普通是不可数名词。
sand 沙sugar 糖有少数名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。
glass 玻璃glass 玻璃杯paper 纸paper 报纸,文件3.名词的功用名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。
The bag is in the desk. bag 作主语。
书包在桌子里边。
I washed my clothes yesterday. clothes 作宾语。
昨天我洗了我的衣服。
【英语】初中英语名词专项训练及答案含解析
【英语】初中英语名词专项训练及答案含解析一、初中英语名词1.(•广西百色)You must go to the ________ if you want to buy vegetables.A. supermarketB. libraryC. theatreD. bookshop【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:如果你想要买蔬菜,你必须去超市。
A.超市;B.图书馆;C.剧院;D.书店。
选项中只有超市有蔬菜买卖。
故选A。
2.Don't stand too close to North Americans. You'd better give them more personal ___ .A. timeB. systemC. spaceD. pity【答案】 C【解析】【分析】time时间,system系统,space空间,pity遗憾、怜悯,根据前半句Don't stand too close to North Americans.不要和北美人站得太近。
可知后半句意思应为你最好给他们留更多的个人空间.所以应填space空间.故选C。
3.— Which country do you think will win the first prize of the ____FIFA World Cup?—You mean the football match will be held in __________?A. twenty-one; RussiaB. twenty-first; RussianC. twenty-first; RussiaD. twenty-one; Russian【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:——你认为哪个国家会赢得第二十一届国际足联世界杯的冠军?——你是指将在俄罗斯举行的那场足球比赛?第一空,根据冠词the,判断后接序数词形式;第二空,表示在俄罗斯(Russia),Russia 在这里指国家俄罗斯,专有名词。
【英语】英语名词专项训练100(附答案)及解析
【英语】英语名词专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、初中英语名词1.I'd like some ________ and ________.A. banana; tomatoB. bananas; tomatoC. bananas; tomatoesD. banana; tomatoes 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:我想要一些香蕉和西红柿。
banana和tomato都是可数名词,some后接复数形式,因此是bananas和tomatoes,故选C。
【点评】此题考查名词复数。
注意some后跟可数名词复数。
2.—Are you sure this is a photo , the famous comedy actress?—It surprised you, didn't it? But she was once really thin.A. Jia LingB. Jia Ling'sC. of Jia LingD. of Jia Ling's【答案】 C【解析】【分析】考查名词所有格。
句意:—你肯定这是著名喜剧演员贾玲的一张相片吗?—使你吃惊,是不是?但是她曾经真的很瘦。
一张……的相片:a photo of sb(指照片上拍摄的是某人);a photo of one's(指照片是某人的摄影作品)。
本题是指照片上是贾玲。
故选C。
3.Upstairs are bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But are in a mess.A. Lily's and Lucy's; ourB. Lily's and Lucy's; oursC. Lily's and Lucy; oursD. Lily and Lucy's; our【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:楼上是利莉莉的和露西的卧室,他们整洁又好看,但是我们的一团糟。
中考英语语法专题之名词(含练习及答案)
教学课题名词知识目标:理解掌握名词的概念、基本用法。
目标能力目标:理解和灵活使用名词,根据句子需要使用正确的名词形式。
重点:名词的灵活使用;可数名词单复数变形;名词所有格。
重点难点难点:理解英语里的单复数概念。
过程1.导入2.名词的概要3.课堂同步练习与讲评4.小结---名词的用法5.拓展练习与讲评专有名词名词名词意义:表示人、事物或抽象概念的词。
如:Shanghai,Lilei,desk普通名词国名地名人名可数名词不可数名词团体机构名称首字母大写个体名词表单个的人或者事物集体名词表一群人或一些事物的总称抽象名词表无法分为个体的物质物质名词表抽象概念的词如:Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…health,friendship…1.可数名词(个体名词和集体名词):有单复数之分A.不规则变化常见的有:单复数同型:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice... Chinese Japanese people sheep deer fish(中日友好永不变)a Chinese---two Chinese;a Japanese--- four Japanese(英法联盟a变e)an English--- eight Englishmen;an Frenchman---nine Frenchmen (其他后面加s)a German---five GermansB.规则变化情况一般的词以s,sh,ch,x结尾以0结尾以辅音+y结尾以f/fe结尾构成+s+es有生命,+es;无生命,+s改y为i+es改f为v+es例词day-days desk-desksmatch-matches boss-bossestomatoes,potatoes,heroesbaby-babies fly-flieswife-wives leaf-leavesphotos,kilos, 1. Some ____ and ____ will come to visit our school next month.A. Germans; EnglishmansB. Germen; EnglishmenC. Germans; EnglishmenD. German; Englishman2.Look! There are three ______ and two ______ at the school gate. Let ’s show them around our school.A. Frenchman; GermanB. Frenchmen; GermanC. Frenchmen; GermansD. Frenchmans; Germans写出下列名词的复数形式1piece shoe orange lake23456789busbodyboylifezootomatomanGerman foxcitykeyleafpianoherowomanChinese glassenemyholidayyourselfradiotoothfishermanchild wishbabywaywolfphotofootapplesheepC.复合名词的复数变化规则: man 和 woman 都要变 girl 和 boy 却不变1 men doctors boy students 1. They are________.2women drivers girl football playersA.man doctorB.men doctorsC.men doctorD.man doctorsD.常考可数名词knifesecond chance size decisionvoicestomachacheminute mistake shape invitationtastetoothachequarter question invention concertsmellcoldhour problem discovery playexpressionfeverweek idea message ticketintroductioncoughyear suggestion difference sightcelebration1.If you work harder, you'll have another_________ to play the violin at a concert.A. sleepB. chanceC. mistakeD. problem2.-Lily, could you please pass me the_________? I want to cut the apple.-Sure, here you are. A. pen B. pencilC. bookD. knifeE.常见复数标志all/both基数词two...many/someseveral几个a few/fewotherthese/thosedifferentare/were在一般现在时的条件下,遇到复数名词,或代词,动词用原形:we all come from China.1.Those white socks____small.A.areB.isC.amD.do2.How many_____do they have?A.pictureB.picturesC.a picture3.We are_____,but they are________.A.Germans;JapaneseB.Germen;JapaneseC.Germans;JapanesesD.Germen;Japanese4.__________turn green in spring.A.LeafB.LeavesC.LeaveD.Leafs5.Look!The kites in the sky are in different_____.Some are big and some are small.A.sizeB.sizesC.colorD.colors6.I can see some________on the hill.A.sheeps and deersB.sheep and deerC.sheeps and deerD.sheep and deers2.不可数名词(1)不可数名词没有复数形式,不能与a/an或具体数字连用,但特指某物时可以与定冠词the连用。
初中英语语法名词用法讲解及专项练习
初中英语语法名词用法讲解及专项练习【考点讲解】一、名词的分类二、可数名词与不可数名词(一) 可数名词名词分为可数和不可数名词。
物质名词与抽象名词一般属于不可数名词,它们只有单数形式;个体名词和集体名词一般是可数名词,通常有单数和复数两种形式。
1. 单数变复数的规则【注】 ① 常见的以o 结尾要加es 的有如下几个:hero, tomato, potato ,可记为“英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆”。
剩余以o 为结尾的加s :如photo, zoo, piano等② 以f 或fe 结尾变f 或fe 为v+es 的词有如下:小偷的妻子用刀把狼劈成两半,一半放在书架上,一半放在树叶上2. 不规则复数形式(1) 元音或词尾发生变化:child- , man- , woman-_________, foot- , tooth- , mouse-policeman -___________, Frenchman-_________Englishman-(2) 单复数形式相同: (3) 形式为复数,意思为复数:people ,police(4) 形式为复数,意思为单数:news, maths, physics(5) 只能用复数形式:trousers, shoes, glasses ……【注】○1man,woman作定语修饰别的名词时,要把man,woman和其他部分都变成复数,如man teacher –,woman doctor –_____________;○2但是其他合成名词,只需把其中心词变成复数形式。
如:shoe factory- , banana tree-3. “某国人”的复数形式“中日不变英法变,其余s加后边”(二)不可数名词不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词,一般没有复数形式1. 物质名词有water, rice, tea, milk, chicken(鸡肉), fish(鱼肉), food, fruit, beef,orange(橙汁), sugar, salt, paper(纸), porridge, bread, sand, juice,chalk等;抽象名词有news, music, time(时间), information等;2. 在英语中,不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念,可以用以下两种方法:(1) 用much, a little, a lot of/lots of, some, any等表示多少,例如:a lot of money / some milk / any water / much snow(2) 用“a piece / glass / cup / bottle / bag of+不可数名词”或“数词pieces /glasses / cups / bottles / bags of+不可数名词”这类定语,例如:a piece of paper ( wood / bread) →a bottle of orange →a glass of wate r →a cup of tea →a bag of rice →3. 不可数名词不能与数词或不定冠词a/an连用;4. 注意有些名词既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,此时中文意思有区别。
初中必备英语名词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)
初中必备英语名词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、初中英语名词1._______ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _______ teachers.A. A number of; womenB. A number of; womanC. The number of; womenD. The number of; woman【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:我们学校老师的数量是大约200个,其中有四分之一是女老师。
a number of 很多,大量;the number of …的数目。
根据句意可知,第一个空说的是学校里老师的数目,故排除A和B;女老师是woman teacher,当是复数形式的时候,两个词都变复数。
故选C。
【点评】考查名词短语。
2.There's little left at home. Go and buy some, dear.A. carrotsB. potatoesC. rice【答案】 C【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。
句意:家里剩的马铃薯不多了,去买一些吧。
A. carrots 胡萝卜;B. potatoes马铃薯;C. rice大米。
因为空格前有little,它修饰不可数名词,rice 是不可数名词,故选C。
3.I am hungry. I'd like to have some ______.A. riceB. sandwichC. dumplingD. egg【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:我饿了。
我想吃点米饭。
此处有some 修饰,后面应该是复数名词或不可数名词。
sandwich,dumpling和egg都可数,应该为复数,rice不可数,故答案为A。
【点评】考查不定代词some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。
4.---Could you tell me the_______of making such tasty cakes?---Well,I just follow the instructions in the cookbook.A. timeB. methodC. costD. menu【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:一一你可以告诉我做这样可口的蛋糕的方法吗?一一哦,我就是按照烹饪书的说明做的。
名词词义辨析及练习(100题 含答案解析)初中英语专题练习 (1)
名词辨析(100题含答案解析)初中英语专题练习名词词义辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes 统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数;cloth指布,为不可数名词,clothing是服装的总称。
2. incident, accidentincident 指小事件,;accident 指不幸的事故。
例:He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount of 后接不可数名词;a number of 后接可数名词例:amount of money;a number of students4. family, house, homehome指家,包括住处和家人,house 房子,住宅,family 家庭成员。
例:My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各种各样的声音,voice 指人的嗓音,noise指噪音。
例:I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相机拍摄的照片;picture可指相片,图片,影片;drawing指画的画,主要是素描。
例:Let's go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 指词汇,一个人拥有的单词量;word 指具体的单词。
例:He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation 指人口,人数;people 指具体的人。
例:China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather指一天内具体的天气状况;climate指长期的气候状况。
例:The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad指具体的公路,马路;street指街道;path指小路,小径;way 指道路,途径例:take this road; in the streetShow me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 课程(可包括多门科目),subject 科目(具体的学科)例:a summer course12. custom, habitcustom指传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接 to do;habit指生活习惯,后接of doing.例:I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接 of sth./doing sth;reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接 for sth./doing sth.例:the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 运动,锻炼(不可数);exercises练习,操类运动(可数);practice(反复做的)练习。
初中英语词性讲解及例题
初中英语词性讲解及例题1. 名词(Noun)名词是指用来表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词语。
在句子中通常用来作主语、宾语、表语等。
例题: 1. The dog is running in the park. 2. She loves to read books.2. 动词(Verb)动词是表示动作、状态或变化的词语。
在句子中可以独立构成谓语,并与主语呼应。
例题: 1. The cat climbed up the tree. 2. They studied for the exam all night.3. 形容词(Adjective)形容词用来描述名词或代词的特征和性质,常放在名词之前作定语。
例题: 1. It was a beautiful day. 2. The big house is for sale.4. 副词(Adverb)副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,通常用于表示时间、地点、原因或程度。
例题: 1. He runs quickly. 2. She sang beautifully.5. 代词(Pronoun)代词用来代替名词,以避免重复使用名词。
例题: 1. She is my best friend. 2. They are coming over for dinner.6. 冠词(Article)冠词用来限定名词的范围,分为定冠词“the”和不定冠词“a/an”。
例题: 1. The cat is sleeping on a mat. 2. A bird is singing in the tree.7. 介词(Preposition)介词用来表示名词或代词与其他句子成分之间的关系。
例题: 1. The book is on the table. 2. She is waiting for the bus.8. 连词(Conjunction)连词用来连接词语、短语或句子,使句子结构更加连贯。
中考英语名词专项练习及解析
中考英语名词专项练习及解析一、初中英语名词1.After playing football for more than half an hour, the students took rest.A. a few minute'sB. a little minute'sC. a few minutes'D. a little minutes'【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:踢了一个半小时后,学生们进行了几分钟的休息。
a few修饰可数名词复数,a little修饰不可数名词,minute 分钟,可数名词,a few minutes 几分钟;这里用复数名词的所有格修饰名词rest,take a few minutes' rest,休息几分钟,故选C。
【点评】此题考查名词所有格。
根据上下文的联系确定名词所有格的形式。
2.— I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbing.— Ask Kitty for help. She has lots of in doing it.A. expressionB. experimentC. examinationD. experience【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——我不知道怎样使用趣味配音软件。
——向Kitty寻求帮助。
她有许多做它的经验。
A.表达;B.实验;C.考试;D.经验。
向Kitty寻求帮助的原因是Kitty有这方面的经验,故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析,注意平时识记其词义,理解句意。
3.I like this song. It's by one of my favorite_________.A. singersB. dancersC. paintersD. writers【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢这首歌。
这是我最喜欢的歌手之一唱的。
A:singers歌手; B: dancers舞蹈演员; C: painters画家; D: writers作家。
初中语法讲解名词及练名词习题(含答案)
初中语法讲解名词及练名词习题(含答案)一、名词的分类:名词分为专有名词和普通名词。
1、专有名词:个人,地方,机构等专有名称,如:China, Shanghai, Li lei 等。
专有名词的首字母通常要大写。
具体说来,它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。
如:Jim吉姆China中国July七Friday 星期五Christmas 圣诞节English 英语2、普通名词:指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。
1)个体名词:某类人或东西中的个体,如fighter, gun, country,cup, desk, student等。
一般可数,有单复数形式。
2)集体名词:若干个体组成的集合体,如family, team, police, class等。
一般可数,有单复数形式3)物质名词:无法分为个体的实物,如cotton,tea, air等。
一般不可数,没有单复数之分。
4)抽象名词:动作, 状态, 品质, 感情等抽象概念. 如health, happiness,love, work, life等。
一般不可数,没有单复数之分。
二、名词的数:可数名词都有单数和复数之分;不可数名词没有复数形式。
【重点】1、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:1)一般情况加–s :books,mouths,houses,girls等。
2)以s,sh,ch,x结尾的加–es:classes,boxes,matches 等。
3)辅音字母+ y结尾的变y为ies:cities,countries,parties,factories等。
4)以o 结尾的词+es:heroes,Negroes,tomatoes,potatoes等。
以o 结尾+s:radios,zoos,bamboos,pianos,kilos,photos 等。
5)以f,fe 结尾的多数+es:leaves,lives,wives,knives,halves,wolves等。
初中英语名词练习题及详解50题
初中英语名词练习题1.This is a photo of ________ family.A.Jenny B.Jenny’s C.Jennys【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:这是珍妮的全家福。
考查名词所有格。
此处表示的是所属关系,是指“珍妮的全家福”,因此用名词所有格,在名词后加's,故选B。
2.Thank you for ________.A.help B.helping C.your help【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:谢谢你的帮忙。
考查固定句型。
thank sb. for doing sth.或thanks for sth.为固定搭配,意为“感谢某人做某事”或“感谢某人某事”,A选项为动词原形,不符合句子结构,可排除。
B选项后应接宾语,可排除,故选C。
3.—Who are the men over there?—They are ________ fathers. They both teaching English in our school.A.Mike and Jack B.Mike and Jack’s C.Mike’s and Jack’s D.Mike’s and Jack 【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:——那边的人是谁?——他们是迈克和杰克的父亲。
他们都在我们学校教英语。
考查名词所有格。
表示两者共有只在后一个名词用所有格;表示两者分别拥有则两个名词后都要用名词所有格。
根据空前的be动词are可知是两者分别拥有的,故选C。
4.—I think________ shouldn’t be allowed to drive.—I agree. They aren’t serious enough at that age.A.sixteen year old B.sixteen-year-old C.sixteen-years-old D.sixteen-year-olds 【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:——我认为16岁的青少年不应该被允许开车。
初中英语名词练习题及详解50题
初中英语名词练习题1.Green represents ________ and nature. When we feel weak, we can wear________ colours.A.energy; energeticB.energetic; energy C.energy; energy D.energetic; energetic【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:绿色代表着活力和自然。
当我们感到虚弱的时候,我们可以穿有活力色彩的衣服。
考查名词和形容词。
energy名词,表示“能量;活力”;energetic形容词,表示“充满活力的”。
根据“and nature”可知,and连接两个并列成分,前后形式要一致,故第一空要用名词energy;再根据“colours”是名词可知,要用形容词修饰,故第二空要用形容词energetic。
故选A。
2.We need one baseball and two ________.A.baseball bats B.baseballs bats C.baseballs bat【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:我们需要一个棒球和两根棒球棒。
考查名词复数。
根据英语表达习惯,以两个名词构成的复合名词,一般把后面的名词变复数。
故选A。
3.This is my dress. That one is ________.A.Mary B.Mary’s C.sister D.mother【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:这是我的长裙,那是玛丽的。
考查名词所有格。
Mary玛丽;Mary’s玛丽的;sister妹妹;mother母亲。
根据上文“This is my dress.”可知,此处是那条是某人的。
表示某人的裙子用名词所有格,故选B。
4.I can see some ________ in his schoolbag.A.book B.books C.e-mail D.e-mails【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:我能在他的书包里看到一些书。
中考中考英语总复习 名词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)
中考中考英语总复习必备英语名词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、初中英语名词1.—There are many _____ about this farm.—Yes, lots of _____ are planted on it.A. photo; potatoB. photos; potatosC. photos; potatoesD. photoes; potatoes 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:—有许多关于这个农场的照片。
—是的,许多的土豆种在农场上。
many和lots of修饰可数名词复数,photo 的复数是photos,potato的复数是potatoes,故答案为C。
【点评】考查可数的复数形式。
牢记名词的复数的变化规律和一些特殊的名词复数。
2.Look at the two ________ over there. They are teaching the girls to play the guitar. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. woman teacher【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:看那边的两个女老师,她们正在教女孩子们弹吉他。
man/ woman 表示性别的词,修饰单数名词时用单数,而修饰复数名词时两个词同时变复数,根据two,两个,可知用复数形式,故选A。
【点评】此题考查名词复数。
注意man/woman修饰复数名词时,两个词同时变复数。
3.—Whose jackets are these?—They said they are______. They lost them yesterday.A. OursB. Li Lei and Li Tao'sC. Li Lei′s and Li Tao's【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——这些是谁的夹克衫?——他们说是李雷和林涛的。
他们昨天丢了。
句中jackets是复数,说明夹克衫是李雷和林涛各自所有的,所以分别都要用所有格,故答案选C。
初中英语名词单复数专项讲解与练习
1.名词复数的规则变化组成方法例词book - books desk -desks flower-1.一般在词尾加 -sflowersclass-classes dish - dishes2.以-s, -sh, -ch-x,结尾的加 -esbench- benches box - boxes3.以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词,把 y 变family- families baby→babiesi 加 es4.以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词 , 改 f 或 fe knife-knives wife-wives 为 ves half-havesnegro-negroes hero-heroes5.以-o 结尾的有生命的词后加 estomato-tomatoespotato-potatoes变复数后的读音在清辅音后读 [s]在元音及浊辅音后读[z]以[s][z] [ d? ]结尾时读 [iz]2.名词复数的不规则变化① 单数与复数同形的名词fish鱼deer鹿Chinese中国人sheep 绵羊Japanese 日自己②词尾加 -en 或-renox-oxen 牛child-children儿童③ 改变词内元音字母man -men男人woman -women 女人foot-feet脚goose - geese鹅tooth - teeth牙齿mouse-mice老鼠一.名词单数变复数填空1. orange text bed cakecomputer apple house quiltplane tree lesson bananashirt month cup parentphoto radio zootomato potato heronegrofox watch glassdress brush boxbusknife wife lifeleaf thief wolfcountry army citystory baby butterflyday key boyfish deer Chineseox man womanfoot goose tooth mouse二. 代词 / be 动词单数变复数this ______ that _________ I _______ you ________she_______ he ________ it ________ am _____ is _______三:把以下的单词变成复数形式四:句子单数变复数is a book. .__________________________is an eraser.___________________________is a red apple.____________________________am a boy.______________________________/ She is a teacher.__________________________’s this_________________________________五:名词复数变单数练习1:Those are my2:They are English boys. __________________________ 3:They are some erasers. ________________________ 4:These are dictionaries. ___________________________ 5:we are students. ___________________________6:what color are your books ______________________ 六:依据句意及所给单词填空。
中考初中英语名词讲解与练习(带答案)
中考初中英语名词讲解与练习(带答案)名词课前问题:什么是名词?解释名词的概念并做举例说明。
I. 名词的种类:II. 名词的数:1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:2.不规则名词复数:英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下:sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan,III. 名词的所有格:名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。
前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。
1.’s所有格的构成:2.’s所有格的用法:3. of所有格的用法:用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed注:不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称(谓语用复数)单数复数中国人 the Chinese, a Chinese, two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss, a Swiss, two Swiss澳大利亚人the Australians, an Australian, two Australians 俄国人the Russians, a Russian, two Russians意大利人 the Italians, an Italian, two Italians 希腊人 the Greek, a Greek, two Greeks法国人the French, a Frenchman, two Frenchmen 日本人the Japanese, a Japanese, two Japanese美国人 the Americans, a n American, two Americans 印度人 the Indians, an Indian, two Indians 加拿大人the Canadians, a Canadian, two Canadians 德国人the Germans, a German, two Germans英国人 the English, an Englishman, two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish, a Swede, two Swedes例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!1. They got much _____ from those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. newsD. stories解析: much 是用来修饰不可数名词的, A B D三个选项均是可是名词的复数形式, C项为不可数名词, 因此选C.2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orangeD. orange, oranges解析: orange 有两种含义, 一种可数名词橘子, 另一种是不可数名词橘汁, 此题第一空应填可数名词, 第二空填不可数名词, 因此选 C。
中考英语名词讲解及练习
中考英语名词讲解及练习名词表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词.一、名词的分类名词类别意义例词专有名词表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、机构、团体等的专有名称jim,china,qingdao,theuk,thegreatwall普通名词可数名词个体名词表示单个人的人或事物girl,student,factory,desk,cat,country集合名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称people,police,team,clothes,group,crew不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质water,ice,pork,cheese,cotton,broccoli抽象名词表示抽象概念的词fun,healthy,happiness,courage,love,care注:1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称.第一个字母必须大写.专有名词前一般不加冠词.2、由普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”,但它不大写.3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时,则变为可数名词,eg.beer----abeer,work---aworkglass---aglass,room---aroom二、名词的数:表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词.1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式:可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加“a或an”;复数形式是在名词后加“-s或-es”.名词复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种,规则变化及其读音可依照下表:当名词为:词尾变化读音例词一般情况加s 在清辅音后读/s/jeeps,pats,clocks 在浊辅音或元音后读/z/boys, sofas,drawers以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词加es/iz/watches,boxes,classes,brushes以字母o结尾的单词加s或es/z/zoos,photos,bamboos,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes,以辅音字母+y结尾的单词去y变i加es/z/dictionaries,strawberries,以f或fe结尾的单词去f或fe变v加es/vz/leaves,wives,halves以th结尾的词加s/ez/;/θz/mouths,paths;months,2.可数名词复数的不规则变化①改变单数名词中的元音字母eg.man--men,woman—women,tooth—teeth,foot—feet,mouse--mice②单复数同形eg.chinese-chinese,deer-deer,fish-fish,sheep-sheep,…③由man和woman构成的合成词,每个名词都要变复数eg.amandoctor—mendoctors,awomanteacher--womenteachers注意:有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式eg.trousers,clothes,glasses,shorts,etc;有些名词从形式上看是复数,实际上是单数其后的谓语动词要用单数. eg.maths,phyiscs,politics,news3.不可数名词:表示不能计算数目的人或物,称为不可数名词.他们前面不能用a/an,没有复数形式.物质名词和抽象名词都属于不可数名词.不可数名词一般只有单数形式,但有其特殊用法:1同一个词,变成复数形式,意义不同.eg.food食物---foods,time时间---times,green绿色---greens青菜2有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物eg.hope---hopes希望hardship---hardships艰苦3物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of来表示eg.acupoftea,sevenpiecesofbread,severalbagsofrice,…例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松1.theygotmuch_____fromthosenewbooks.a.ideasb.photosc.newsd.stories2.Ihavetwo_______andthreebottlesof_________here.a.orange,orangeb.oranges,orangesc.oranges,oranged.orange,oranges3.EveryeveningEr.kingtakesa_________tohishome.a.25minutes’walkb.25minute’swalkc.25minutewalkd.25minuteswalk4.Anold_______wantstoseeyou.a.peopleb.personc.thepeopled.theperson5.Helpyourselfto__________.a.chickensandapplesb.chickensandapplec.chickenandappled.chickenandapples6.Oh,dear.I forgotthetwo_________.a.room’snumberb.rooms’numberc.roomnumbersd.rooms’numbers7.ShehasbeeninTianjinfortenyears.Tianjinhasbecomehersecond_____ ____.a.familyb.housec.homed.room8.________motherscouldn’tgototh emeeting,becausetheyhavegonetos hanghai.a.M aryandpeter’sb.Maryandpeterc.M ary’sandpeterd.M ary’sandpeter’s9.LiLeihasbeento__________manytimesthismonth.a.heruncleb.heruncle’sc.herunclesd.aunt’s10.H eisasuccessasaleaderbuthehasn’t________inteaching.a.manyexperiencesb.muchexperiencec.anexperienced.alotexperience练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩选择最佳答案:1.Lastnight,therewasafoodaccident.the_______wereill,butno_____ __werelost.a.child,livesb.children,lifec.children,livesd.child,life2.---Thisisaphotoof_________whentheywereyoung.---ok,Howhappytheybothlookeda.myfatherandmotherb.mymotherandfather'sc.mymother'sandfather'sd.myfather'sandmymother3.Thenewstudentisin__________,gradetwo.a.classthirdb.thirdclassc.classthreed.threeclass4.Todayisseptember10th.it's__________day.let'sgoandbuysomeflowe rsforourteachers.a.teachersb.teachers'c.theteachers'd.teacher's5.Themarketisn'tfarfromhere.it'sonly_________bicycleride.a.halfanhours'b.halfanhour'sc.halfanhourd.anhourandahalf6.---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls---_________,please.a.twocupofcoffeeb.twocupsofcoffec.twocupsofcoffeed.twocupsofcoffees7.Duringchristmas,peoplegettogetherandsingchristmassongsfor____ _____.a.funb.wishesc.interestd.thanks8.Some_________areflyingkitesneartheriver.a.childb.boyc.boysd.childs9.Aftertheexam,we'llhave________holiday.a.twoweeksb.two-weeksc.twoweeks'd.twoweek's10.Theyarethose_________bags.pleaseputthemonthebus.a.visitorb.visitorsc.visitor'sd.visitors'11.---Howmanyworkersarethereinyourfactory---Therearetwo___________.a.hundredsb.hundredc.hundredofd.hundredsof12.---whatdoyouthinkofthe_______themoonlightsonatabybeethoven ---Itsoundsreallywonderful.a.subjectb.musicc.bookd.animal13.Thereisnotenough_________inthecornerforthefridge.a.placeb.roomc.fieldd.ground14._________comesfromsheepandsomepeoplelikeeatingita.woolb.porkc.muttonk15.ifyoudon'ttakemore________,you'llgetfat.a.medicineb.lessonsc.photosd.exercise16.myschoolisabouttwenty________walkfromhere.a.minuteb.minutes'c.minutes'sd.minutes17.mum,ihave_______totellyoua.agoodnewsb.somegoodnewsc.somegoodnewesd.muchgoodnews18.whichisthe________tothepostofficea.streetb.wayc.roadd.address19.istayedat________lastsunday.a.myunclesb.myuncles'c.myuncle'sd.myuncle'sfamily20.maths________noteasytolearn.a.areb.isc.amd.were冠词冠词分为不定冠词a,an和定冠词the知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点一、不定冠词的用法1用与可数名词的单数形式前,指人或事物的某一种类:例如:Sheisagirl.Passmeanapple,please.2、指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物.例如:AboyiswaitingforyouWeworksixdaysaweek.3.表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈.例如: wearegoingtohaveanEnglishlessontomorrow.Ihaveamouth,anose,twoeyesandtwoears.4.用于某些固定的词组中.例如:afew,alittle,alotof注:用a还是an,要看后面的词读音以辅音开头还是以元音开头.二、定冠词的用法1特指某些人或某些物.例如:thephotooftheboy2指双方都知道的人或物.例如:-Wherearethenewbooks,jim-Theyareonthesmalltable.3指上文提过的人或物.例如:Todayheismakingamachine. Hewantstoridethemachinelikeabikeandflyitlikeaplane.4.用在世界上独一无二的事物前.例如: Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.5.用在序数词或形容词最高级前.例如: Thefirsttruckiscarryingafewbaskets.Thethirdoneiscarryingthefewestofall.6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前.例如:ThegreatwallThenorthstreethospital7.用在一些习惯用语中.例如:inthemorningafternoon,evening,ontheleftrightattheendof三、不用冠词的情况1在专有名词前和不可数名词前.例如:china,gradetwo,billsmith,milk2名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,some,any等代词.例如:theletterisinherpocket.Ithinktheshopisclosedatthistimeofday.3复数名词表示一类人或事物时.例如:myfatherandmotherareteachers.Ilikecakes.4在星期、月份、季节、节日前.例如:Itissundaymonday,tuesday,etc.Todayismid-autumnday.Itiscoldinwinter.5在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前.例如:Unclewanglikesmakingthings.WhatcolourareM rsgreen’sshoes6在三餐饭和球类运动的名称前.例如:Hewenttoschoolafterbreakfast.Canyouplaybasketball注:在某些固定词组中,如:athome,bybus,gotoschool等的名词前不用冠词.冠词用法口诀一、定冠词的用法.特指双熟悉,上文已提及;世上独无二,序数最高级;某些专有名,习语及乐器.以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况,即:①特指某些人或物②谈话双方都熟悉的人或事③上文已经提到的人或事④世界上独一无二的事物前⑤序数词回形容词最高级前⑥某些专有名词前⑦一些习惯短语如:intheday等中和乐器前如:playtheviolin/piano.二、不用冠词的集中情况.下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前;颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔.以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况,即:①名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词.②专有名词和不可数名词前.③表示学科的如:maths、chinese、physics名词前.④球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前.⑤复数名词表示泛指一类人或事时.⑥节日、季节、星期、月份前.⑦表示颜色如:it'sred/yellow.、语种如:speakenglish/japanese和国家的非全称名词如:weliveinchina.theycomefromamerica..⑧在称呼或表示头衔的名词前.⑨某些习惯短语中如:inbed、gotoschool等.例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松1._______milkisfood.________milkinthiscuphasgonebad.2.---Doyoulikeplaying_________football---yes.butihaveonly_________basketball.3.Doyouknow_______girlon________anothersideof________lake4.T here’s________“u”and________“s”in________work“use”.5.S hesays________animalscant’slivewithout__________air,either.6.Hisfather,whois________honestman,isteachingin________universi ty.7.Whichisheavier,________elephantor________horse8.________coldwindwasblowingfromthenorth.9.Heisalwaysreadytohelp_________oldand________young.10.________greensaretravelingin_________southchina.11.Although________mostofusliketodrinkbeer,thosewhodrink_______ _mostare_______leasthealthy.12.Xiaomeisaw_________interestingfilmlastnight.________filmwasa bout_________kinddoctor.13.T omwentto_________schoolasusual,buthedidn’tknowhisfatherwen tto________schoolforaparentmeeting.15.________knowledgebeginswith_________practice.。
【英语】英语名词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
【英语】英语名词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、初中英语名词1.— Kate, I'm going shopping. Anything to buy for you?—Yes, that will save me a_____.A. handB. tripC. visitD. bill【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:——凯特,我要去购物,你要买东西吗?——是的,这样我就少跑一趟。
A. hand 手、B. trip 旅途,路途 C. visit拜访、D. bill账单。
有人帮忙买东西,自己不用去,所以就省去跑一趟,固定搭配save sb a trip 省去某人跑一趟。
故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析,固定搭配save sb a trip 。
2.——I'm hungry. May I have something to eat? ——OK. Here's some ________.A. orangeB. breadC. waterD. milk【答案】 B【解析】【点评】句意:——我饿了。
我可以吃一些东西吗?——好的。
这里有一些面包。
A.橙汁;B.面包;C.水;D.牛奶。
根据上句想要吃的东西,而橙汁,水及牛奶都是喝的东西,故排除ACD,故选B。
3. I have the ____of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life.A. courageB. chanceC. spiritD. habit【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:我有睡觉前看书的习惯,这已经是我生活的一部分。
courage勇气;chance机会;spirit精神;habit习惯。
根据句意可知选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。
4.—The last bus has left. What should we do?—Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now.A. choiceB. reasonC. habit【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:-末班车离开了。
初中英语名词练习题及详解50题
初中英语名词练习题1.Look, this is a photo ________ my family. I love my family.A.at B.on C.of D.for【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:看,这是我的全家福。
我爱我的家庭。
考查介词和名词所有格。
at在……时刻;on在……上方;of……的;for为了。
根据“a photo”和“my family”的关系可知,是所属关系,是说我的全家福,用名词所有格of形式,因此of符合句意。
故选C。
2.We need one baseball and two ________.A.baseball bats B.baseballs bats C.baseballs bat【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:我们需要一个棒球和两根棒球棒。
考查名词复数。
根据英语表达习惯,以两个名词构成的复合名词,一般把后面的名词变复数。
故选A。
3.The black people were against slavery and fought for their________ bravely. A.free B.freely C.freedom D.frees【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:黑人反对奴隶制并勇敢地为他们的自由斗争。
考查名词freedom的用法。
free形容词,自由的;freely副词,自由地;freedom名词,自由;frees动词三单形式。
their后应接名词,故选C。
4.There are still ________ in the kitchen. We don’t have to buy more drinks. A.orange juice B.tomatoes C.cola D.bottles of cola【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:厨房里还有几瓶可乐。
我们不必再买饮料了。
考查不可数名词用法。
orange juice橙汁,不可数名词;tomato西红柿,可数名词;cola可乐,不可数名词。
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1.名词(课时 :2)介绍名词含义 :名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。
二.名词的分类:专有名词( 人名,地名,机构)William,Linda, Canada,China,the United Nations, WTO普通名词可数名词: 包括单数(只有一个) 和复数(两个以上).不可数名词: 只有单数.物质名词milk,water,tea,bread,beef, meat, rice,fish,coffee,sugar,salt抽象名词information,friendship,knowledge,work,advice,science, news, weather三.重点:单数名词变复数名词的规则:1. 一般情况下,加“s”. eg: books,stamps,pens,tables以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,加“es”eg: buses,boxes,foxes,watches,matches,beaches,coaches, brushes以“o ”, 结尾的,加“es ”or “s ”eg: Negroes [ˈni:grəʊ]、heroes、volcanoes [vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]、tomatoes、potatoes、radios、pianos、zoos、photos、bamboos、video需加es的记忆技巧:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)在火山上(volcano)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato)4. 以“辅音字母+ y” 结尾的,把“y”变为“i”,再加“es ”.eg: city -- cities,country -- countries,family -- families, story -- stories5. 以“f” 或“fe” 结尾的,把“f” 或“fe”变为“ves”。
eg: thief—thieves wife—wives life -- lives half—halves leaf -- leaves,knife -- knives,wolf – wolves, shelf—shelves, loaf—loaves记忆技巧:贼人(thief)的妻子(wife)在她一生(life)中用半(half)片树叶(leaf)当刀子(knife)杀死了七匹狼(wolf)然后去偷架子(shelf)上的面包(loaf)。
6)不规则变化:man - men,woman - women,policeman - policemen, child - children,ox - oxenfoot - feet,tooth - teeth, goose - geese, mouse - mice,fish - fish,sheep - sheepdeer - deer,means–means,Chinese - Chinese,Japanese - Japanese注意:当man / woman 作定语、修饰复数名词时,man / woman 与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。
例如:a man teacher --- men teachers;a woman teacher --- women teachers四.重点:名词的所有格(--- 的)(1)单数名词词尾加's ;以s 结尾的单数名词,则只加’.the boy’s bag;Mary’s cap;Mr James’office(2)复数名词如果不以s 结尾,则加's ;复数名词如果以s 结尾,则只加’.the Children’s Palace men’s roomthe teachers’ reading-room 10 minutes’walk(3)如果表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's .如果表示各自所有,就必须在各个名字后面加's .This is Tom and Mark’s room.These are Tom’s and Mark’s rooms.(4)the + 名词·of ·名词the windows of the housethe name of the citythe picture of the Tom's 结构也可以转换成of结构the girl’s name -- the name of the girlTom’s friend -- the friend of Tom(5)a + 名词·of ·名词's / a + 名词·of ·名词性物主代词( 表示“其中之一” )a picture of Tom’s ; a friend of mine名词专项训练1.-- Are there any in the zoo ?-- Yes, there are some.A. pandaB. lionC. tigerD. deer2.There is only one doctor and several nurses in this hospital.A. man / womanB. man / womenC. men / womanD. men / women3.-- What can I do for you ?-- I’d like two .A. bottle of orange juiceB. bottle of orange juicesC. bottles of orange juiceD. bottles of orange juices4.This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anna and JaneB. Anna’s and Jane’sC. Anna’s and JaneD. Anna and Jane’s5.We’ll have a holiday. What about going to the Great Wall ?A. four daysB. four-dayC. four-daysD. four day’s6.Paul has friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. more7.How many can you see in the picture ?A. waterB. childC. deerD. factorys8.This is an old photo of mine. At that time I had .A. short hairsB. short hairC. many short hairD. much short hairs9.-- Where are the ?-- They are playing football on the playground.A. boys students / theB. boy students / theC. boy student / XD. boy students / X0.I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because there’s something wrong with his .A. eyesB. legsC. mouthD. ears1.Jenny gave us on how to learn English well.A. some advicesB. many advicesC. some adviceD. an adviceA. box of strawberryB. boxes of strawberriesC. box of strawberriesD. boxes of strawberry3.Mr Smith is a friend of .A. John’s uncleB. John uncle’sC. John’s uncle’sD. John uncle4.-- Would you like tea ?-- No, thanks. I have drunk two .A. any / bottle of juiceB. some / bottles of juiceC. many / bottles of juicesD. few / bottles of juice5.These are the toys.A. childB. childrenC. children’sD. children’6.There are hardly any in the river now because of the pollution.A. duckB. fishC. gooseD. water7.She told me the day before yesterday.A. a good newsB. such a good newsC. so good a newsD. a piece of good news8.I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of to do.A. worksB. jobC. workD. working9.There all kinds of in this shop.A. are / watchesB. be / watchesC. is / watchesD. be / watch0.There are on the desk.A. a paperB. some papersC. a piece of paperD. some pieces of paper1.I’d like , please.A. two bottle of beerB. two bottle of beersC. two bottles of beerD. two bottles of beers2.These are backpacks.A. Lily and LucyB. Lily and Lucy’sC. Lily’s and LucyD. Lily’s and Lucy’s3.We’ll have this summer.A. a two months vacationB. two months vacationC. a two-months vacationD. a two-month vacation4.I go to the once a month.A. barberB. barbersC. barber’sD. barbers’5.I want to know opinion.A. everyone’s elseB. everyone elseC. everyone else’sD. everyone elses’6.I walked into the office, and put the letter on my desk.A. teacher’s / teacher’sB. teachers’ / teachers’C. teacher’s / teachers’D. teachers’ / teacher’s7.There’s no for more cars in the parking lot. It is too crowded.A. roomB. roomsC. houseD. houses8.My shoes were worn out, so I decided to buy a new .A. showB. shoesC. pairD. one9.Could you speak in a loud ? I can’t hear you clearly.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD. throat0.Only one has been chosen. I don’t know whether it is a man or a woman.A. peopleB. personC. manD. woman31.You can get much about the World Expo on the Internet.A.mapB.pictureC. ticketD. information32. All the teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday.A. manB. menC. womanD. womenDBCDB CCBDD CBCBC BDCAD CDDCC DACAB DD。