财务报表分析的外文文献

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附件 1.原文；2.译文

2012年3月

1.原文

Financial statement analysis - the use of financial accounting

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Many years. Reasonable minimum current ratio was confirmed as 2.00. Until the mid-1960s, the typical enterprise will flow ratio control at 2.00 or higher. Since then, many companies the current ratio below 2.00 now, many companies can not control the current ratio over 2.00. This shows that the liquidity of many companies on the decline.

In the analysis of an enterprise's liquidity ratio, it is necessary to average current ratio with the industry to compare. In some industries, the current ratio below 2.0 is considered normal, but some industry current ratio must be big 2.00. In general, the shorter the operating cycle, the lower the current ratio: the longer the operating cycle, the higher the current ratio.

The current ratio compared to the same enterprise in different periods, and compared with the industry average, will help to dry to determine the high or low current ratio. This comparison does not explain why or why low. We can find out the reasons from the by-point analysis of the current assets and current liabilities. The main reason for the exception of the current ratio should be to find out the results of a detailed analysis of accounts receivable and inventory.

Flow ratio better than working capital performance of enterprise short-term solvency. Working capital reflect only current assets and current liabilities, the absolute number of differences. The current ratio is also considered the relationship between the current asset size and the size of the current liabilities, make the indicators more comparable. For example, the current ratio between General Motors and Chrysler Motors Corporation. The comparison between the two companies working capital is meaningless, because the two companies of different sizes.

Inventory using LIFO France will flow ratio cause problems, this is because the stock is undervalued. The result will be to underestimate the current ratio. Therefore, when compared to using the LIFO method businesses and other costs of the enterprise should pay particular attention to this.

Compare the current ratio, analysts should calculate the accounts receivable turnover rate and commodity inventory turnover. This calculation enables the analysis of proposed liquidity problems exist in should

Received the views of the accounts and (or) Inventories. Views or opinions on the current ratio of accounts receivable and the deposit will affect the analyst. If the receivables I receivable and liquidity problems, require current ratio higher.

Third, the acid test ratio (quick ratio)