商务英语翻译Unit 5 Economy

Vocabulary Preparation
外汇储备 粮食储备 创历史最高纪录 经济运行 效益 全面的 技术改革 世界500强 教育事业 前所未有的 国民素质 财政收入 大幅度地
foreign exchange reserves grain reserves hit an all-time high economic performance efficiency all-around technological renovation the ranks of global top500 educational undertaking unprecedented people’s quality financial revenue considerably
• （4）经济增长及其健康水平。一些经济报 告，如GDP、就业水平、零售状况、产能利 用率等，均可详实地反映一国经济增长状 况和该国的经济健康水平。一般来说， 一 个国家的经济越强劲，其货币流通就越好， 对该货币的需求量就会越大。
• 经济状况包括以下几个方面： • （1）政府财政赤字或盈余。市场通常都会 对政府赤字扩大做出负面的反应，而对预 算赤字缩小做出积极的反应。这些反应往 往会通过国内货币价值显现出来。
• 2) Balance of trade level and trends. The trade flow between countries illustrates the demand for goods and services, which in turn indicates demand for a country’s home currency to conduct trade. Surpluses and deficits in trade of goods and services reflect the competitiveness of a nation’s economy. Therefore, trade deficits may have a negative impact on a nation’s home currency.
Vocabulary Preparation
• • • • • • • • • • • • budget deficit budget deficit trade deficit surplus currency illustrate perceive erode purchasing power utilization robust 预算 亏损，赤字 预算赤字，财政赤字 贸易逆差 盈余 通货，货币 表明，说明 察觉，领会 侵蚀，腐蚀 购买力 利用 强健的，强壮的
• 外汇储备1989年只有55.5亿美元，2008年底已增加 到1.95万亿美元，跃居世界第一位。 • 粮食储备创历史最高水平。 • 经济运行的质量和效益不断提高。 • 企业进行了全面的技术改造。 • 2008年每万元国内生产总值消耗的能源比1990年下 降73.3%。 • 今年已有35家大公司进入世界500强。 • 教育事业得到前所未有的发展，国民素质普遍提高。 • 财政收入大幅度增加，2008年达到61316.9亿元。
Unit 5 Economy
--Translation Practice
C-E
• 改革开放30年以来，中国的国民经济保持了稳 定快速增长。 • 国民生产总值年均增长9.3%，比改革开放前30 年的年均增长速度高3.2个百分点。 • 与上个世纪90年代世界经济2.5%的增长速度相 比，显得更加突出。 • 中国的经济实力明显增强。 • 2008年国内生产总值超过13万亿元，比1990年 增长近两倍，排名世界第三，发展中国家第一。
• The quality and efficiency of economic performance have improved steadily.
• Chinese enterprises have undertaken complete technological renovation. • From 1990 to 2008, the energy consumption for 10,000 Yuan worth of GDP dropped by 73.3%. • 35 large-scaled Chinese companies have entered the ranks of the global top 500 this year. • With a renewed focus on education and unprecedented development of the educational system, Chinese people’quality has improved dramatically. • Revenue has also gained sharp increases, reaching 6131.69 billion Yuan in 2008.
• （2）贸易水平的平衡和趋势。国家间的贸 易流动不仅能显示各国对商品和服务的需 求，而且也能显示进行贸易所需的货币的 供应。商品和服务贸易中的盈余或赤字反 映的是一个国家经济的竞争力。因此，贸 易赤字会对一国货币造成vels and trends. Typically, a currency will lose value if there is a high level of inflation in the country or if inflation levels are perceived to be rising. This is because inflation erodes purchasing power, this demand, for that particular currency.
• China’s foreign exchange reservess soared from US $5.55 billion in 1989 to US $1950 billion by the end of 2008, ranking first worldwide. • Grain reserves also hit an all-time high.
E-C
• Economic conditions include the following aspects: • 1) Government budget deficits or surpluses. The market usually reacts negatively to widening government budget deficits, and positively to narrowing budget deficits. The impact is reflected in the value of country’s home currency.
Vocabulary Preparation
国民经济 改革开放 稳定快速增长 国内生产总值 年均增长速度 在……前 经济实力 排名世界第三 跃居世界首位
national economy reform and opening steady and rapid growth GDP(gross domestic product) average annual growth rate prior to economic strength rank third worldwide come first in the world
• During the last 30 years of reform and opening to the global markets, China’s national economy has maintained a steady and rapid growth. • GDP increased by 9.7 percent on an annual basis, which is 3.2% higher than the average annual growth rate in the 30 years prior to reform. • The growth rate is more outstanding when compared with global economic growth of only 2.5% in the 1990s. • China’s economic strength has increased significantly. • In 2008, GDP totaled over 13,000 billion Yuan, up nearly 200% since 1990, ranking first among developing countries and third worldwide.
• （3）通货膨胀的水平和趋势。如果一个国 家的通货膨胀水平较高或者人们认为该国 的通货膨胀水平会持续增高，则该国的货 币就会贬值。其原因是通货膨胀会削弱该 国货币的购买力和对该货币的需求。
• 4) Economic growth and health. Reports such as GDP, employment levels, retail sales, capacity utilization and others, detail the levels of a country’s economic growth and health. Generally, the more healthy and robust a country’s economy, the better its currency will perform, and the more demand for it there will be.