2016年全国卷1英语试卷与答案

2021普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)
第一局部阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕
第一节〔共15小题：每题2分，总分值30分〕
A
YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Of theoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast
100years?
JaneAddams(1860-1935)
AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addans helpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreating sheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,Addamsbecamethe firstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.
RachelCarson(1907-1964)
Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Her popular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmful effectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.
SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)
WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,she couldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastate
senator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethe decidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.
RosaParks(1913-2005)
OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatona bustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgmerybus boycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredI was,wastiredofgivingin,〞saidParks.
21.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?
A.Hersocialwork.
B.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.
C.Hereffortstowinaprize.
D.Hercommunitybackground.
22.WhatisthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?
A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.
B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.
C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.
D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.
23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheUS?
A.JaneAddams.
B.RachelCarson.
C.SandraDayO’Connor.
D.RosaParks
24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?
A.Theyarehighlyeducated.
B.Theyaretrulycreative.
C.Theyarepioneers.
D.Theyarepeace-lovers.
B
GrandparentsAnsweraCall
AsathirdgenerationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomove away.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelptheirchildren, shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMsGarzafinallysayyes.That wasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloser relationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.
NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertoadult childrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.Even PresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveinto theWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudybygrandparentscom. 83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencethegrandparentsinthe Americanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.
“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgeta f a w r a e y n f o r u o g m h h o o r m f a e s t enoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,〞saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,a magazineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobe nearthem,especiallywhenyousing’c r h e i ld r a r e i n.〞
Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorher grandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisit frequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradult childisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.
25.WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?
A．Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.B．Itimprovedherlivingconditions.
C．Itenabledhermakemorefriends.D．Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.
26.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?
A．17%expressedtheirsupportforit.
B．Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.
C．83%believedithadabadinfluence.
D．Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.
27.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?
A．Theywereunsureofthemselves.
B．Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.
C．Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.
D．Theyhadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparents.
28.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?
A.Makedecisionsinthebestinterestsoftheirown
B.Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem
C.Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren
D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter
C
IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2021,I'vedone89tripsofthose,51 havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells〔干细胞〕inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegot twoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfrom adonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoI amalwaysconsciousoftime.
IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.Ipickedupthestem cellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.But whenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:〞Well,I’mreally sorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou--therearenoflightsfromWashington.〞SoItookmybox andputitonthedeskandIsaid:〞Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededfora patient--please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.〞Shejustdropped
everything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplacetobeheldforme,re-routed(改道)me throughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.
Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethanthatboxyou’regotsomethingthatis potentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.
29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier〞inParagraph17 AproviderBdeliverymanCcollectorDmedicaldoctor
30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?
A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.
B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.
C.Theoperationneedsthatverymuch.
D.Theicewon'tlastanylonger.
31.WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?
A.ToLondon
B.ToNewark
C.ToProvidence
D.ToWashington
D
Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,orthey maybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshow stubbornness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremely uncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(间隙)withconversation.Persons inotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson'sneeds.
ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamong people,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromone oftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied(暗示)isthattheperson wantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisa callforreflection.
Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamong peopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian, French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopic underdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersonin authorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,persons inAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersonin
authority.
Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhenthey comeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.Nursesshouldrecognize theirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterrupted tooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing(治愈)valueof silencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromother cultures.
32.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversations?
A.Itimpliesanger.
B.Itpromotesfriendship.
C.Itisculture-specific.
D.Itiscontent-based.
33.Whichofthefollowingpeoplemightregardsilenceasacallforcarefulthought?
A.TheChinese.
B.TheFrench.
C.TheMexicans.
D.TheRussians.
34.Whatdoestheauthoradvisenursestodoaboutsilence?
A.Letitcontinueasthepatientpleases.
B.Breakitwhiletreatingpatients.
C.Evaluateitsharmtopatients.
D.Makeuseofitshealingeffects.
35.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A.SoundandSilence
B.WhatItMeanstoBeSilent
C.SilencetoNativeAmericans
D.SpeechIsSilver;SilenceIsGold
第二节〔共5小题，每题2分，总分值10分〕
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选
项。

Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesuse secretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.
Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.36Codebreakingneverlags(落后)far behindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.
Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephant eatstoomanyeels〞Spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.〞
38Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,Forexample,Let’snumberthelettersof thealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meet
me〞wouldread“13520215.〞
Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofareal code,youmusthaveacodebook.39Forexample,“bridge〞mightstandfor“meet〞and“out〞mightstandfor“me.〞Themessage“bridgeout〞wouldactuallymean“Meetme.〞40However,it isalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.
A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.
B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.
C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.
D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.
E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.
F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.
G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.
第三局部英语知识运用〔共两节，总分值45〕
第一节完形填空〔共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分〕
AHeroicDriver LarryworkswithTransportDrivers,Inc.Onemorningin2021,Larrywas41along165 northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42.Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.
43hegotcloser,hefound44vehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhe
rrypulledover,setthe
brakeand47thefireextinguisher(灭火器).Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherand thefirewasputout.
Themanwhohadhisbrightlightson48andtoldLarryhehad49an
emergencycall.They50heardawoman’svoicecomingfromthewrecked(毁坏的)
vehicle.51thevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow. Theytoldhertostay52untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived,53shethought rrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshould notmove55sheinjuredherneck.
Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrive,Larryandtheotherman56andletthemgo towork.Then,Larryaskedthe57ifhewasneededor58togo.Theylethimand
theothermango.
Onethingis59—Larrywentaboveandbeyondthecallofdutybygettingsocloseto theburningvehicle!His60mostlikelysavedthewoman’slife.
41A.walkingB.touringC.travelingD．rushing
42A.passengersB.colleaguesC.employersD.customers
43A.SinceB.AlthoughC.AsD.If
44A.eachB.anotherC.thatD.his
45A.flamesB.smokeC.waterD.steam
edB.disabledC.removedD.abandoned
47A.gotholdofB.preparedC.tookchargeofD.controlled
48A.camedownB.camethroughC.cameinD.cameover
49A.returnedB.receivedC.madeD.confirmed
50A.thenB.againC.finallyD.even
51A.StartingB.ParkingC.PassingD.Approaching
52A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm
53A.forB.soC.andD.but
54A.explodeB.slipawayC.fallapartD.crash
55A.asifB.unlessC.incaseD.after
56A.steppedforwardB.backedoffC.movedonD.setout
57A.womanB.policeC.manD.driver
58A.forbiddenB.readyC.askedD.free
59A.forcertainB.forconsiderationC.reportedD.checked
60A.patienceB.skillsC.effortsD.promise
第三局部英语知识运用
第二节〔共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分〕语法填空
Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.But fortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop____61_(attract).
Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,where
ticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I_____62_〔allow〕togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe 600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe__63___(official) giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback____64__my daysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,____65_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter__66___
(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.My ambassadorialdutieswillinclude____67_(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasat ChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.
Onmyrecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_____68_ (it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew__69__(day)withhissistersothatwhile oneisbeingbottle-fed,__70____otheriswithmum--sheneversuspects.
第四局部写作〔共两节总分值35〕
第一节短文改错〔10分〕
假定英语课上教师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlove.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurant ispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.SomePeopleevenhad towaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessure thatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreams becomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.
第二节书面表达〔总分值25分〕
假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历〔resume〕。

给
外教MrJenkins写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式〔format〕
注意：
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。

答案：
21A，22C，23D，24C，25A,26D，27C，28A，29B30D31B，32C，33A34D35B，36D37E38G39F40A，41~45CCCBA
46~50DADCA
51~55DBDAC
56~60BBCAC
61.attraction62.wasallowed63.officially64.to65.When66. permitted67.introducing68.their69.days70.The
71.that→where72.but去掉73.times→time74.had
→have75.honest→honesty76.or→ing
→used78.becoming前加of79.the→8a0.our→his。