仁爱英语九年级下册定语从句

仁爱英语九年级下册定语从句
定语从句
⼀、概念：
修饰某⼀名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先⾏词。

⼆、关系词：
关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括
where，when，why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先⾏词及定语从句之间起连接作⽤，同时⼜作定语从句的重要成分。

三、分类：
分为限制性定语从句及⾮限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先⾏词，主句与从句不⽤逗号分开，从句不可省去。

⾮限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作⽤，如省去，意思仍完整。

例：Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.（⾮限制性定于从句）
四、关系代词的⽤法：
1. that 既可以⽤于指⼈，也可以⽤于指物。

在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的⾳乐。

（that作主语） The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌⼦上的那件外套是蓝⾊的。

（that作宾语）
2.which⽤于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。

例如：
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于⽕车站附近的那座⼤楼是⼀家超市。

（作主语）
The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

（作宾语）
3.who，whom⽤于指⼈，who ⽤作主语，whom⽤作宾语。

在⼝语中，有时可⽤who 代替whom，也可省略。

例如：
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语⽅⾯帮助我的那个⼥孩是英国⼈。

（作主语）
Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的⽼师是谁？（作宾语）
注意：
（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词在关系代词前时，只能⽤“介词+which/whom”结构。

例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房⼦。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英⽂⼩说。

（2）关系词只能⽤that的情况：
a. 先⾏词被序数词或形容词最⾼级所修饰，或本⾝是序数词、基数词、形容词最⾼级时，只能⽤that，⽽不⽤which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第⼀个通过考试的⼈。

b.被修饰的先⾏词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none，the one等不定代词时，只能⽤that，⽽不⽤which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店⾥有什么东西要买吗？
c.先⾏词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修
饰时，只能⽤that，⽽不⽤which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆⾃⾏车。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能⽤that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying？正在哭泣的那个⼥孩是谁？
f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句⽤that，⽽不⽤which.例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌⼦上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能⽤which，⽽不⽤that 的情况：
a.先⾏词为that， those时，⽤which，⽽不⽤that.例如：
What‘s that which is under the desk？在桌⼦底下的那些东西是什么？
b.关系代词前有介词时，⼀般⽤which，⽽不⽤that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

c.引导⾮限制性定语从句，⽤which，⽽不⽤that.例如：
Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很⾼兴。

五、关系副词的⽤法
（1）when指时间，其先⾏词表⽰时间，在句中作时间状语。

例如：
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先⾏词表⽰地点，在句中作地点状语。

例如：
This is place where he works.这是他⼯作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先⾏词是原因，起原因状语作⽤。

例如：
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没⼈知道他为什么上学总迟到。

练习题：
⼀、选择填空：
1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？
-Yes，he‘s our headmaster.
A. he
B. who
C. which
D. whom
2. Is this the river _____I can swim？
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. the one
3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.
A. where
D. it
4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？
A. that you bought
B. you bought it
C. that you bought it
D. which you bought it
5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.
A. which agrees
B. who agree
C. who agrees
D. which agree
6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that
B. it
C. which who
7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A. who‘s
B. whose
C. that of which.
8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
A. which； is
B. whom； was
C. who； is
D. who； was
9. Mr. Li is an English teacher ______ loved playing soccer.
A. who
B. whom
C. he
D. which
10. We called the man ________ had promised to help us.
A. he
B. that
C. whom
A. what
B. where
C. who
D. that
12. The place _______ he works is in the factory.
A. that
B. which
C. in which
D. in where
13. That's the most beautiful place ______ I have ever __________.
A. where; visited
B. that; visit
C. where; visit
D. that; visited
14. All ______ they have done is good for us.
A. what
B. which
C. why
D. that
15. I want to go to some places ________ it's cool in summer.
A. those
B. which
C. where
D. this
16. Saturday is the day _______ people can have a rest.
A. that
B. at which
C. on which
D. on that
17. The fence in our garden, _______ my father built many years ago, has lasted for
a long time.
A. that
B. which
18. I'll remember the time ______ we spent together in the country.
A. that
B. when
C. during which
D. at which
19. I don’t believe the reason _______ he has given for his being late.
A. why
B. that
C. how
D. what
20. There are two caps on the table, _______ belongs to Tom.
A. the smaller of which
B. the small of which
C. the smaller of them
D. the small one
21. My brother had become a doctor, ______ was what he wanted to be.
A. who
B. what
C. that
D. which
22. Is there a post office around ______ I can get some stamps?
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. that
23. He talked happily about the man and books _______ interested him greatly in the school.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. when
24. He wanted to know the time ________ he needed to know.
A. that
B. when
25. Lucy's pet cat died, _______ made her very sad.
A. as
B. which
C. that
D. whose
26. This is one of the best films ________ this year.
A. have been show
B. that have shown
C. that have been shown
D. which has been shown
27. I'll never forget the day ________ I joined the army.
A. where
B. when
C. why
D. that
28. That is the reason ________ he didn't come to your birthday.
A. why
B. that
C. which
D. when
29. His book is not the only thing _______ has been stolen.
A. that
B. /
C. which
D. who
30. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure.
A. which
B. what
C. as
D. those
31. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?
A. that
B. where
32. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. the one
33. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. whether
34. I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.
A. all which
B. that
C. all that
D. which
35. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.
A. which
B. it
C. that
D. what
36. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night.
A. which
B. whom
C. who
D. that
37. The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing
B. is singing
C. sang
D. was singing
38. Anyone ________ this opinion may speak out.
A. that against
B. that against
39. ---- “How do you like the book?”
---- “It’s quite different from _______ I read last month.”
A. that
B. which
C. the one
D. the one what
40. He has lost the key to the drawer _______ the papers are kept.
A. where
B. in which
C. under which
D. which
41. It’s the third time _______ late this month.
A. that you arrived
B. when you arrived
C. that you’ve arrived
D. when you’ve arrived
42. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _______ live my grandparents and some relatives.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. where
43. It is the Suez Canal _______ separates Asia ______ Africa.
A. which, to
B. where, from
C. that, from
D. that, with
44. Is that the reason _______ you are in favour of the proposal?
A. which
B. what
C. why
D. for that
45. He is a man of great experience, _______ much can be learned.
A. who
D. from whom
46. I don’t like _______ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that
C. the way which
D. the way of which
47. The two things _______ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.
A. about which
B. of which
C. in which
D. for which
48. There is only one thing _______ I can do.
A. what
B. that C . all D. which
49. I like the second football match _______ was held last week.
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. /
50. The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. for which
51. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. whom
52. Who _____ has common sense（常识） will do such a thing?
A. which
B. who
C. whom
D. that
53. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
C. which
D. what
54. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. where
55. It’s the third time _____ late this month.
A. that you arrived
B. when you arrived
C. that you’ve arrived
D.when you’ve arrived
56. He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.
A. whom
B. who
C. when
D. because
57live my grandparents and some relatives.
A. which
B. that
C. who
D. where
58. He is not _____ a fool _____.
A. such/as he is looked
B. such/as he looks
C. as/as he is looked
D. so/as he looks
59. Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal?
A. which
B. what
C. why
D. for that
60. _____, the compass was first made in China.
C. We all know
D. As is known to all
61. I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is
B. who am
C. that is
D. what is
62. He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.
A. who
B. that
C. from which
D. from whom
63. I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. whom
Ⅱ、⽤适当的关系代词that， which等填空。

1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.
2. I'll never forget the day________ we met each other last week.
3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.
4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.
5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.
6. This is the school ______I used to study.
7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?
8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition?
9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake?
10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou ______lies the West Lake?
11. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.
12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.
13. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.
14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.
15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.
16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. .17.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？
18. Who is the student _____was late for school today?
19. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him?
20. And there is one point ______I'd like your advice.
21. Winter is the time of year______the days are short and nights are long.
22. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place____you may spend your weekend.
答案：
1-5、BBCAC 6-10、ABCAB 11-15、 DCDDC 16-20、CBABA
21-25、DCBAB 6-30、CBAAA 31-35、ABCCA 36-40、DACCB
41-45、CDCCD 46-50、ABBCA 50-55、BDABC 56-60、BDBCD 61-63.BDA
KEYS: 1. when 2. when 3. which 4. that/which 5. that 6. where 7. that/which 8. where 9. which 10. where 11.that 12. which 13. that 14. that 15. that 16. that 17.who 18.that 19.that 20. that 21. that 22. where。