2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)

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2017年6月大学英语六级第1套听力真题及答案

2017年6月六级真题一Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. Doing enjoyable work.B. Having friendly colleagues.C. Earning a competitive salary.D. Working for supportive bosses.2. A. 31%.B. 20%.C. 25%.D. 73%.3. A. Those of a small size.B. Those run by women.C. Those that are well managed.D. Those full of skilled workers.4. A. They can hop from job to job easily.B. They can win recognition of their work.C. They can better balance work and life.D. They can take on more than one job.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. It is a book of European history.B. It is an introduction to music.C. It is about the city of Bruges.D. It is a collection of photos.6. A. When painting the concert hall of Bruges.B. When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.C. When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.D. When writing about Belgium's coastal regions.7. A. The entire European coastline will be submerged.B. The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.C. The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.D. The major European scenic spots will disappear.8. A. Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.B. People cannot get around without using boats.C. It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.D. Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. They make careful preparation beforehand.B. They take too many irrelevant factors into account.C. They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.D. They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.10. A. A person's nervous system is more complicated than imagined.B. Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.C. Mental images often interfere with athletes' performance.D. Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.11. A. Anticipate possible problems.B. Make a list of do's and don'ts.C. Picture themselves succeeding.D. Try to appear more professional.12. A. She wore a designer dress.B. She won her first jury trial.C. She did not speak loud enough.D. She presented moving pictures.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A. Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.B. Its health benefits have been overestimated.C. It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.D. It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.14. A. It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.B. It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.C. It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.D. It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.15. A. Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.B. Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.C. Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.D. Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. Observing the changes in marketing.B. Conducting research on consumer behavior.C. Studying the hazards of young people drinking.D. Investigating the impact of media on government.17. A. It is the cause of many street riots.B. It is getting worse year by year.C. It is a chief concern of parents.D. It is an act of socialising.18. A. They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.B. They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.C. They analysed their family budgets over the years.D. They conducted a thorough research on advertising.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.B. It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.C. It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.D. It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.20. A. Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.B. Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.C. Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.D. Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.21. A. There was no food service on the train.B. The service on the train was not good.C. The restaurant car accepted cash only.D. The cash in her handbag was missing.22. A. By putting money into envelopes.B. By drawing money week by week.C. By limiting their day-to-day spending.D. By refusing to buy anything on credit.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A. Population explosion.B. Chronic hunger.C. Extinction of rare species.D. Environmental deterioration.24. A. They contribute to overpopulation.B. About half of them are unintended.C. They have been brought under control.D. The majority of them tend to end halfway.25. A. It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.B. It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.C. It is neglected in many of the developing countries.D. It is beginning to attract postgraduates' attention.答案：1. B. Having friendly colleagues.2. B. 20%.3. A. Those of a small size.4. C. They can better balance work and life.5. D. It is a collection of photos.6. C. When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.7. A. The entire European coastline will be submerged.8. D. Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.9. C. They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.10. D. Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.11. C. Picture themselves succeeding.12. B. She won her first jury trial.13. C. It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.14. D. It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.15. A. Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.16. B. Conducting research on consumer behavior.17. D. It is an act of socialising.18. A. They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.19. D. It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.20. C. Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.21. C. The restaurant car accepted cash only.22. A. By putting money into envelopes.23. B. Chronic hunger.24. B. About half of them are unintended.25. A. It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.。

2017年6月大学英语六级真题(第一套)

2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university,write an essay to state your opinion.You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words.Part II Listening Comprehension(30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)He would feel insulted.B)He would feel very sad.C)He would be embarrassed.D)He would be disappointed.2.A)They are worthy of a prize.B)They are of little value.C)They make good reading.D)They need improvement.3.A)He seldom writes a book straight through.B)He writes several books simultaneously.C)He draws on his real-life experiences.D)He often turns to his wife for help.4.A)Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B)Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C)He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D)Unlike a football match,there is no end to writing a book.Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)Achievements of black male athletes in college.B)Financial assistance to black athletes in college.C)High college dropout rates among black athletes.D)Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6.A)They display great talent in every kind of game.B)They are better at sports than at academic work.C)They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D)They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.7.A)About15%.B)Around40%.C)Slightly over50%.D)Approximately70%.8.A)Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B)College degrees do not count much to them.C)They have little interest in academic work.D)Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions9to12are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)Marketing strategies.B)Holiday shopping.C)Shopping malls.D)Online stores.10.A)About50%of holiday shoppers.B)About20-30%of holiday shoppers.C)About136million.D)About183.8million.11.A)They have fewer customers.B)They find it hard to survive.C)They are thriving once more.D)They appeal to elderly customers.12.A)Better quality of consumer goods B)Higher employment and wages.C)Greater varieties of commodities.D)People having more leisure time.Questions13to15are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A)They are new species of big insects.B)They are overprescribed antibiotics.C)They are life-threatening diseases.D)They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14.A)Antibiotics are now in short supply.B)Many infections are no longer curable.C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D)Routine operations have become complex.15.A)Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B)，C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)It is accessible only to the talented.B)It improves students’ability to think.C)It starts a lifelong learning process.D)It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17.A)They encourage academic democracy.B)They promote globalization.C)They uphold the presidents'authority.D)They protect students’rights.18.A)His thirst for knowledge.B)His eagerness to find a job.C)His contempt for authority.D)His potential for leadership.Questions19to22are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.20.A)They present the states in a surprisingly different order.B)They include more or less the same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D)They contain names of the most familiar states.21.A)Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B)Having a good sleep the night before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to lake place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.22.A)Discover when you can learn best.B)Change your time of study daily.C)Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D)Follow the example of a marathon runner. Questions23to25are based on the recordingyou have just heard.23.A)He is a politician.B)He is a businessman.C)He is a sociologist.D)He is a economist24.A)In slums.B)In Africa.C)In pre-industrial societies.D)In developing countries.25.A)They have no access to health care,let alone entertainment or recreation.B)Their income is less than50%of the national average family income.C)They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices,Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.After becoming president of Purdue University in2013,Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills.Two years before,a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third hadmade no(26)_______gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr.Daniels needed to(27)_______the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all,the percentageof Americans who say a college degree is“very important”has fallen (28)_______in the last5-6years.Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students’critical thinking skills.Yet like many college teachersaround the U.S.,the faculty remain(29)_______that their work as educators can be measured by a“learning(30)_______”such as a graduate’s ability to investigate and reason. However,the professorsneed not worry so much.The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use(31)_______metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas:critical thinking,written communication,and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment,the actual results are worrisome,and mostly (32)_______earlier studies.The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy.And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities,despite their global(33)_______for excellence in teaching,have only begunto demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning.Knowledge-based degrees are still important,but employers are(34)_______advanced thinking skills from college graduates.If the intellectual worthof a college degree can be(35)_______measured,more people will seek higher education—and comeout better thinkers.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2017年6月英语六级真题卷一及答案解析和听力原文

2017年6月英语六级真题卷一及答案解析和听力原文2017年6月英语六级真题卷一Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.2. A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value.C) They make good reading. D) They need improvement.3. A) He seldom writes a book straight through.B) He writes several books simultaneously.C) He draws on his real-life experiences.D) He often turns to his wife for help.4. A) Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B) Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C) He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D) Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) Achievements of black male athletes in college.B) Financial assistance to black athletes in college.C) High college dropout rates among black athletes.D) Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6. A) They display great talent in every kind of game.B) They are better at sports than at academic work.C) They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D) They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.7. A) About 15%. B) Around 40%. C) Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%.8. A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B) College degrees do not count much to them.C) They have little interest in academic work.D) Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Marketing strategies. B) Holiday shopping. C) Shopping malls. D) Online stores.10. A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.B) About 20-30% of holiday shoppers. C) About 136 million.D) About 183.8 million.11. A) They have fewer customers.B) They find it hard to survive. C) They are thriving once more.D) They appeal to elderly customers.12. A) Better quality of consumer goods.B) Higher employment and wages. C) Greater varieties of commodities.D) People having more leisure time.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A) They are new species of big insects. C)They are life-threatening diseases.B)They are overprescribed antibiotics. D)They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14. A) Antibiotics are now in short supply. C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted.B)Many infections are no longer curable. D)Routine operations have become complex.15. A) Facilities. B)Expertise. C)Money. D)Publicity.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) It is accessible only to the talented. C) It starts a lifelong learning process.B) It improves students’ ability to think.D) It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17. A) They encourage academic democracy. C) They uphold the presidents’ authority.B) They promote globalization. D) They protect students’ rights.18. A) His thirst for knowledge. B) His eagerness to find a job.C) His contempt for authority. D) His potential for leadership.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.20. A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order.B)They include more or less the same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D)They contain names of the most familiar states.21. A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B)Having a good sleep the night before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.22. A) Discover when you can learn best. C) Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.B) Change your time of study daily. D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) He is a politician. B) He is a businessman.C)He is a sociologist. D) He is an economist.24. A) In slums. B) In Africa. C) In pre-industrial societies. D) In developing countries.25. A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.B)Their income is less than 50% of the national average family income.C)They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no 26 gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to 27 the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is “very important” has fallen 28 in the last 5-6 years.Purdue n ow has a pilot test to assess students’ critical thinking skills. Yet like many college teachers around the U.S., the faculty remain 29 that their work as educators can be measured by a “learning30 ” such as a graduate’s ability to investigate and rea son. However, the professors need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use 31 metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly 32 earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities, despite their global 33 for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are 34 advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be 35 measured, more people will seek higher education---and come out better thinkers.A) accuratelyB) confirmC) demandingD) doubtfulE) drastically F) justifyG) monopolizedH) outcomeI) predominanceJ) presumingK) reputationL) significantM) signifyN) simultaneouslyO) standardizedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2.The Price of Oil and the Price of Carbon[A] Fossil fuel prices are likely to stay “low for long”. Notwithstanding important recent progress in developing renewable fuel sources, low fossil fuel prices could discourage further innovation in, and adoption of, cleaner energy technologies. The result would be higher emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.[B] Policymakers should not allow low energy prices to derail the clean energy transition. Action to restore appropriate price incentives, notably through corrective carbon pricing, is urgently needed to lower the risk of irreversible and potentially devastating effects of climate change. That approach also offers fiscal benefits.[C] Oil prices have dropped by over 60% since June 2014. A commonly held view in the oil industry is that “the best cure for low oil prices is low oil prices”. The reasoning behind this saying is that low oil prices discourage investment in new production capacity, eventually shifting the oil supply curve backward and bringing prices back up as existing oil fields---which can be tapped at relatively low marginal cost----are depleted. In fact, in line with past experience, capitalexpenditure in the oil sector has dropped sharply in many producing countries, including the United States. The dynamic adjustment to low oil prices may, however, be different this time around.[D] Oil prices are expected to remain lower for longer. The advent of new technologies has added about 4.2 million barrels per day to the crude oil market, contributing to a global over-supply. In addition, other factors are putting downward pressure on oil prices: change in the strategic behavior of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the projected increase in Iranian exports, the scaling-down of global demand (especially from emerging markets), the long-term drop in petroleum consumption in the United States, and some displacement of oil by substitutes. These likely persistent forces, like the growth of shale(页岩) oil, point to a “low for long”scenario. Futures markets, which show only a modest recovery of prices to around $60 a barrel by 2019, support this view.[E] Natural gas and coal—also fossil fuels—have similarly seen price declines that look to be long-lived. Coal and natural gas are mainly used for electricity generation, whereas oil is used mostly to power transportation, yet the prices of all these energy sources are linked. The North American shale gas boom has resulted in record low prices there. The recent discovery of the giant Zohr gas field off the Egyptian coast will eventually have impact on pricing in the Mediterranean region and Europe, and there is significant development potential in many other places, notably Argentina. Coal prices also are low, owing to over- supply and the scaling-down of demand, especially from China, which bums half of the world’s coal.[F] Technological innovations have unleashed the power of renewables such as wind, hydro, solar, and geothermal(地热). Even Africa and the Middle East, home to economies that are heavily dependent on fossil fuel exports, have enormous potential to develop renewables. For example, the United Arab Emirates has endorsed an ambitious target to draw 24% of its primary energy consumption from renewable sources by 2021.[G] Progress in the development of renewables could be fragile, however, if fossil fuel prices remain low for long. Renewables account for only a small share of global primary energy consumption, which is still dominated by fossil fuels—30% each for coal and oil, 25% for natural gas. But renewable energy will have to displace fossil fuels to a much greater extent in the future to avoid unacceptable climate risks.[H] Unfortunately, the current low prices for oil, gas, and coal may provide little incentive for research to find even cheaper substitutes for those fuels. There is strong evidence that both innovation and adoption of cleaner technology are strongly encouraged by higher fossil fuel prices. The same is true for new technologies for alleviating fossil fuel emissions.[I] The current low fossil fuel price environment will thus certainly delay the energy transition from fossil fuel to clean energy sources. Unless renewables become cheap enough that substantial carbon deposits are left underground for a very long time, if not forever, the planet will likely be exposed to potentially catastrophic climate risks.[J] Some climate impacts may already be discernible. For example, the United Nations Children’s Fund estimates that some 11 million children in Africa face hunger, disease, and water shortages as a result of the strongest El Nino(厄尔尼诺) weather phenomenon in decades. Many scientists believe that El Nino events, caused by warming in the Pacific, are becoming more intense as a result of climate change.[K] Nations from around the world have gathered in Paris for the United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP 21, with the goal of a universal and potentially legally-binding agreement on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. We need very broad participation to fully address the global tragedy that results when countries fail to take into account the negative impact of their carbon emissions on the rest of the world. Moreover, non-participation by nations, if sufficiently widespread, can undermine the political will of participating countries to act.[L] The nations participating at COP 21 are focusing on quantitative emissions-reduction commitments. Economic reasoning shows that the least expensive way for each country is to put a price on carbon emissions. The reason is that when carbon is priced, those emissions reductions that are least costly to implement will happen first. The International Monetary Fund calculates that countries can generate substantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and levying carbon charges that capture the domestic damage caused by emissions. A tax on upstream carbon sources is one easy way to put a price on carbon emissions, although some countries may wish to use other methods, such as emissions trading schemes. In order to maximize global welfare, every country’s carbon pricing should reflec t not only the purely domestic damage from emissions, but also the damage to foreign countries.[M] Setting the right carbon price will therefore efficiently align the costs paid by carbonusers with the true social opportunity cost of using carbon. By raising relative demand for clean energy sources, a carbon price would also help align the market return to clean-energy innovation with its social return, spurring the refinement of existing technologies and the development of new ones. And it would raise the demand for technologies such as carbon capture and storage, spurring their further development. If not corrected by the appropriate carbon price, low fossil fuel prices are not accurately signaling to markets the true social profitability of clean energy. While alternative estimates of the damage from carbon emissions differ, and it’s especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events, most estimates suggest substantial negative effects.[N] Direct subsidies to research and development have been adopted by some governments but are a poor substitute for a carbon price: they do only part of the job, leaving in place market incentives to over-use fossil fuels and thereby add to the stock of atmospheric greenhouse gases without regard to the collateral(附带的) costs.[O] The hope is that the success of COP 21 opens the door to future international agreement on carbon prices. Agreement on an international carbon-price floor would be a good starting point in that process. Failure to address comprehensively the problem of greenhouse gas emissions, however, exposes all generations, present and future, to incalculable risks.36. A number of factors are driving down the global oil prices not just for now but in the foreseeable future.37. Pricing carbon proves the most economical way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.38. It is estimated that extreme weather conditions have endangered the lives of millions of African children.39. The prices of coal are low as a result of over-supply and decreasing demand.40. Higher fossil fuel prices prove to be conducive to innovation and application of cleaner technology.41. If fossil fuel prices remain low for a long time, it may lead to higher emissions of greenhouse gases.42. Fossil fuels remain th e major source of primary energy consumption in today’s world.43. Even major fossil exporting countries have great potential to develop renewable energies.44. Greenhouse gas emissions, if not properly dealt with, will pose endless risks for mankind.45. It is urgent for governments to increase the cost of using fossil fuels to an appropriate level to lessen the catastrophic effects of climate change.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包) management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus’ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings —which included data from the system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities — were part of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam’s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”Worker’s advocates have criticized Haslam’s plan, saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan, which has not been finalized.Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.“The state’s facilities man agement project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February,” Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis h as yet to be completed.”Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam’s plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor’s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.46. What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?A) It is backed by a campus spending analysis. C)It has neglected their faculty’s demands.B)It has been flatly rejected by the governor. D)It will improve their financial situation.47. What does the campus spending analysis reveal?A) Private companies play a big role in campus management.B)Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.C)Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.D)Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial affairs.48. Workers’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would _________.A) deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilitiesB)make workers less motivated in performing dutiesC)render a number of campus workers joblessD)lead to the privatization of campus facilities49. What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s decision?A) The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.B)The outsourcing plan will be implemented.C)The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.D)The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.50. Why did John Morgan decide to resign?A) He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.B)He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.C)He thought the state’s outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable.D)He opposed the governor’s plan to reconstruct the college board system.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macy’s reported its sales plunged 5.2% in Nove mber and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macy’s has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories.The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably warm weather. “About 80% of our company’s year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls(短缺) in cold-weather goods,”said chief executive Teny Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter.However, it’s clear that Macy’s believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏离) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer “voluntary separation” packages to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2016. The company had previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chain’s stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.Macy’s has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It hasplans to open mor e locations of Macy’s Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. It’s also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macy’s hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.One relative bright spot for Macy’s during the holiday season was the online chann el, where it rang up “double-digit” increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the U.S.?A)It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.B)It is a direct result of the global economic recession.C)It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.D)It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.52. What does Macy’s believe about its problems?A) They can be solved with better management.B) They cannot be attributed to weather only.C) They are not as serious in its online stores.D) They call for increased investments.53. In order to cut costs, Macy’s decided to ________.A) cut the salary of senior executivesB) relocate some of its chain stores C) adjust its promotion strategiesD) reduce the size of its staff54. Why does Macy’s plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?A) To experiment on its new business concept.B) To focus more on beauty products than clothing.C) To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D) To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.55. What can we learn about Macy’s during the holiday season?A) Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.B)Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C)It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.D)It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.宋朝始于960年，一直延续到1279年。

2017年6月六级听力真题卷1 听力文本

College English Test Band SixPart ⅡListening Comprehension Section ADirections: In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversationand the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneW: Welcome to Work Place.And in today's program,we are looking at the resultsof two recently published surveys,which both deal with the same topic—Happiness at Work.John, tell us about the first survey.M: Well, this was doneby a human resources consultancywho interviewed more than1,000 workers and establisheda top 10 of the factorswhich make people happy at work.The most important factor,for the majority of the people interviewed, was having friendly,supportive colleagues.In fact, 73% of people interviewedput their relationship with colleaguesas the key factor contributingto happiness at work,which is a very high percentage.The second most important factorwas having work that is enjoyable.The two least important factorswere having one's achievements recognized and rather surprisingly,earning a competitive salary.W: So we are not mainly motivated by money? M: Apparently not.W: Any other interestinginformation in the survey?M: Yes. For example,25% of the working peopleinterviewed described themselvesas very happy at work.However, 20% of employeesdescribed themselves as being unhappy.W: That's quite a lot of unhappypeople at work every day.M: It is, isn't it?And there were severalmore interesting conclusionsrevealed by the survey.First of all,small is beautiful.People definitely prefer workingfor smaller organizationsor companies with less than 100 staff.We also find out that,generally speaking,women were happierin their work than men.W: Yes, we are, aren't we?M: And workers on part-timecontracts who only work 4 or 5 hoursa day are happier than thosewho work full-time.The researchers concludedthat this is probablydue to a better work-life balance.W: Are bosses happier than their employees? M: Yes. Perhaps not surprisingly,the higher people go in a company,the happier they are.So senior managers enjoy their jobsmore than peopleworking under them.Questions 1 to 4 are basedon the conversation you have just heard.1. What is the number one factorthat made employees happyaccording to the survey?2. What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?3. What kind of companiesare popular with employees?4. What is the possible reasonfor people on part-timecontracts to be happier? Conversation TwoW: Mr. De Keyzer,I am a great lover of your book, Moments Before the Flood.Can you tell us how you firstbecame interested in the subject matter? M: In 2006, when the concert hallof the city of Bruges asked meto take some pictures for a cataloguefor a new concert seasonaround the theme of water,I found myself workingalong the Belgian coastline.As there had been numerousalarming articles in the pressabout a climate catastrophewaiting to happen,I started looking at the seaand the beach very differently,a place where I spent so manyperfect days as a child.This fear of a looming danger became the subject ofa large-scale photo project.W: You wrote in the book“I don't want to photograph the disaster;I want to photograph the disaster waiting to happen. ”Can you talk a bit about that?M: It is clear now thatit's a matter of timebefore the entire European coastline disappears under water.The same goes for numerousbig cities around the world.My idea was to photographthis beautiful and very unique coastline, reaching history,before it's too late—as a last witness.W: Can you talk a bit abouthow history plays a role in this project?M: Sure. The project is alsoabout the history of Europelooking at the sea and wonderingwhen the next enemy would appear.In the images,you see all kinds of possibledefense constructionsto hold back the Romans,Germans, Vikings,and now nature as enemy No. 1.For example,there is the image of the bridgeinto the sea takenat the Normandy D-Day landing site.Also, Venice, the cityeternally threatened by the sea,where every morning woodenpathways have to be set upto allow tourists to reach their hotels.W: Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer.It was a pleasure to have you with us today. Questions 5 to 8 are basedon the conversation you have just heard.5. What does the man sayabout the book Moments Before the Flood?6. When did the man get his idea for the work?7. What will happenwhen the climate catastrophe occurs?8. What does the man say about Venice? Section BDirections: In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questionswill be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneWhen facing a new situation,some people tend to rehearsetheir defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst.I remember talking with a young lawyerwho was about to begin her first jury trial.She was very nervous.I asked what impressionshe wanted to make on the jury.She replied,“I don't want to look too inexperienced;I don't want them to suspectthis is my first trial.”This lawyer had fallen victimto the “don'ts”syndrome,a form of negative goal setting.The “don'ts”can be self-fulfilling because your mind responds to pictures. Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image firesthe nervous system the same wayas actually doing something.That means when a golfertells himself “Don't hit the ball into the water,”his mind sees the image of the ballflying into the water.So guess where the ball will go. Consequently,before going into any stressful situation,focus only on what you want to have happen.I asked the lawyer againhow she wanted to appear at her first trial,and this time she said,“I want to look professional and self-assured.”I told her to create a picture ofwhat “self-assured”would look like.To her it meant moving confidentlyaround the court room,using convincing body languageand projecting her voice soit could be heard from the judge's bench to the back door.She also imagined a skillfulclosing argument and a winning trial.A few weeks after this positivedress rehearsal,the young lawyer did win. Questions 9 to 12 are basedon the passage you have just heard.9. What do some people dowhen they face a new situation?10. What does the research conducted at Stanford University show?11. What advice does the speakergive to people in a stressful situation? 12. What do we learnabout the lawyer in the court? Passage TwoMost Americans don't eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains. Research now saysadding fiber to the teen dietmay help lower the risk of breast cancer. Conversations about the benefitsof fiber are probably more commonin nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new studythat could change that.Kristi King, a diet specialistat Texas Children's Hospital,finds it hard to get teenagepatients' attention about healthyeating by telling them that eatinglots of high-fiber foods couldreduce the risk of breast cancerbefore middle age.That's a powerful message.The new finding is basedon a study of 44, 000 women.They were surveyedabout their diets during high school and their eating habitswere tracked for two decades.It turns out that thosewho consumed the highest levelsof fiber during adolescencehad a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the womenwho ate the least fiber.This important study demonstratesthat the more fiber you eatduring your high school years,the lower your risk is indeveloping breast cancer in later life.The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber mayreduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk.The bottom line hereis the more fiber you eat,perhaps, a lower level ofhormone in your body,and therefore,a lower lifetime risk ofdeveloping breast cancer.High-fiber diets are also linkedto a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That's why women are toldto eat 25 grams of fiber a day—men even more.Questions 13 to 15 are basedon the passage you have just heard.13. What does the new study tellabout adding fiber to the teen diet?14. What do we learnabout the survey of the 44,000 women?15. What explanationdoes the speaker offerfor the research finding?Section CDirections: In this section,you will hear three recordings of lecturesor talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Recording OneWell, my current research is reallyabout consumer behavior.So recently, I've looked atyoung people's drinkingand it's obviously a majorconcern to governmentat the moment.I've also looked athow older people are representedin the media.Again, it's of major current interestwith older people becominga much larger proportion of UK,and indeed, world society.I'm also interested in how consumers operate online and how that online behavior might be different fromhow they operate offlinewhen they go to the shops.Well, I think thatthe important thing hereis to actually understandwhat's happeningfrom the consumers' perspective.One of the things that businessesand indeed government organizations often fail to do is to really seewhat is happeningfrom the consumers' perspective.For example,in the case of young people's drinking, one of the things thatI've identified is that drinking for people, say, between the ages of 18 and 24is all about the social activity.A lot of the government advertisinghas been about individual responsibility, but actually understandingthat drinking is very muchabout the social activityand finding ways to helpyoung people get home safely,and not end up in hospitalis one of the things thatwe've tried to present there.The key thing about consumer behavioris that it's very much abouthow consumers change.Markets always changefaster than marketing,so we have to look atwhat consumers are doing.Currently I teach consumer behaviorto undergraduates in their second year,and we looked at all kinds of thingsin consumer behavior and particularlyhow consumers are presented in advertising. So they get involvedby looking at advertisingand really critically assessingthe consumer behavior aspects of it,and getting involved,sometimes doing primary research.For example,last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasingand analysed it in detail fromshopping to the relationshipthat they have with their retail banksand their mobile phone providers.I think they found it very usefuland it also helped them identify justwhat kind of budgets they had too.The fact of the matter isthat there is a whole rangeof interesting research out there.And I think as the years go on,there is going to be muchmore for us to consider and certainlymuch more for studentsto become involved in.Questions 16 to 18 are basedon the recording you have just heard.16. What is the speaker currently doing?17. What has the speaker foundabout young people's drinking?18. What does the speaker saythat his students did last year?Recording TwoSweden was the first European countryto print and use paper money,but it may soon do awaywith physical currencies.Banks can save a lot of moneyand avoid regulatory headachesby moving to a cash free system,and they can also avoid bank robberies,theft and dirty money.Claer Barrett,the editor of Financial Times Money,says the Western worldis headed toward a worldwithout physical currency.Andy Holder,the chief economist at the Bank of England, suggested that the UK movetowards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society reallymake good economic sense?The fact that cash isbeing drawn out of society,is less a feature of our everyday lives,and the ease of electronic payments.Is this actually making us spendmore money without realizing it?Barrett wanted to find outif the absence of physical currencydoes indeed cause a person to spend more,so she decided to conductan experiment a few months ago.She decided that shewas going to try to just use cashfor two weeks to make all of heressential purchases and seewhat that would do to her spending.She found she did spend a lot less money, because it is incredibly hardto predict how much cash one is going to need.She was forever drawingmoney out of cash points.Months later,she was still finding cashstuffed in her trouser pocketsand the pockets of her handbags.During this experiment,Barrett took a train ride.On the way,there was an announcementthat the restaurant carwas not currently accepting credit cards.The train cars were filledwith groans becausemany of the passengerswere traveling without cash.“It underlines just how much thingshave changed in the last generation, ”Barrett says.“My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by puttingmoney into envelopes.They'd get paid and they'd immediately separate the cash into piles,and put them in envelops,so they knew what theyhad to spend week by week.It was a very effective way for themto keep track of their spending. ”Nowadays, we are all on credit cards;we are doing online purchasesand money is kind of becominga less physical and more imaginarytype of thing that we can't get our heads around. Questions 19 to 22 are basedon the recording you have just heard.19. What do we learn about Sweden?20. What did Claer Barrettwant to find out with her experiment？21. What did Claer Barrettfind on her train ride?22. How did people of the lastgeneration budget their spending?Recording ThreeWhy should you considertaking a course in demography in college? You will be growing up in the generation where the baby boomersare going into retirement and dying.You will face problemsin the aging of the populationthat have never been faced before.You will hear more and moreabout migration between countries,and between rural areas and cities.You need to understand as a citizen,and as a taxpayer, and as a voter,what's really behind the arguments.I want to tell you about the past,present and future of the human population, so let's start with a few problems.Right now,a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry,they are hungry all dayand they go to sleep hungry.A billion people are living in slums,not the same billion people,but there is some overlap.Living in slums meansthey don't have infrastructureto take the garbage away.They don't have securewater supplies to drink.Nearly a billion people are illiterate.Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can't read the labelson the bottles in the supermarket,if you can get to a supermarket.Two-thirds of those peoplewho are illiterate are women.And about 200 to 250 millionwomen don't have accessto birth control they want,so that they can't control their own fertility. This is not only a problemin developing countries.About half of all pregnanciesglobally are unintended.So those are examples ofpopulation problems.Demography gives you the toolsto understand and to address these problems. It's not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses,like influenza,the bacteria in your gut,plants that you eat,animals that you enjoy,all that provide you with meat. Demography also includesthe study of non-living objectslike light bulbs and taxi cabsand buildings because theseare also populations.It studies these populations in the past, present and future,using quantitative dataand mathematical modelsas tools of analysis.I see demography as a centralsubject related to economics.It is the means to intervenemore wisely and more effectivelyin the real world to improvethe wellbeing not only of yourself, important as that maybe,but of people around youand of other species withwhom we share the planet.Questions 23 to 25 are basedon the recording you have just heard.23. What is one of the problemsthe speaker mentions in his talk?24. What does the speaker sayabout pregnancies?25. How does the speakerview the study of populations?This is the end of listening comprehension.。

2017年6月四级真题听力原文第一套

AliyZirkle是第一个报告的攻击。雪地车司机曾多次试图伤害她和她的团队，和泽克尔的狗接受了非危及生命的伤害。
Zirkle reported the attack when she arrived in Nulato, Alaska, in the early hours of the morning. (4)
Both he and a crew member are being investigated for unintentional murder and exposing people to danger, according to police.
据警方透露，他和一名船员因意外谋杀和将人暴露在危险中而受到调查。走向终点线。 Alaska State Troopers released a statement saying they’ve arrested Arnold Demoski, 26. He faces trial 阿拉斯加州警察发表声明说，他们已经逮捕了Arnold Demoski，26。他面临审判
一只狗被杀的TID多狗已在什么似乎是一个在阿拉斯加的拉雪橇比赛对手故意攻击雪地摩托司机受伤。
AliyZirkle was the first to report an attack. A snowmobile driver had repeatedly attempted to harm her and her team, and one of Zirkle’s dogs had received a non-life-threatening injury.
四次冠军，报告了类似的攻击。他的团队受到雪地摩托司机，打伤几个狗杀三岁的公狗。
4) Reporter Zachariah Hughes, says that neither King nor Zirkle was injured. Although this incident very much alters the race of the two participants competing for a win, both are going to continue on their 4）

2017年6月英语六级听力原文

2017年6月英语六级听力原文Unfortunately, I don't have access to the exact English listening test from the June 2017 CET-6 exam. However, I can provide you with a general outline of what a CET-6 listening test might have looked like, as well as some sample questions and answers. Please note that this is not the actual exam text, but it should give you a good understanding of the format and difficulty level of the CET-6 listening section.CET-6 Listening Comprehension Sample.Part I: Conversations.Conversation 1: Discussion between two students about their plans for the summer vacation. One student is interested in traveling, while the other prefers to stay and work on a project.Conversation 2: Interview between a job candidate anda potential employer. The candidate is asked about their work experience and why they are interested in the position.Conversation 3: Telephone conversation between apatient and a doctor's office. The patient is inquiring about their test results and the next steps in their treatment.Part II: Passages.Passage 1: A science-related topic, possibly about a recent discovery or experiment. The passage may contain technical vocabulary and require listeners to understand main ideas and details.Passage 2: A cultural or historical topic, discussinga specific event, person, or trend. The passage may include examples and anecdotes to illustrate key points.Passage 3: A lecture or speech, possibly delivered bya professor or expert in a particular field. The listeneris required to understand the main arguments and examplesused to support the speaker's points.Part III: Compound Dictation.In this section, listeners are presented with a short passage with several blanks. They are required to fill in the blanks by listening to a recording of the passage and writing down the missing words or phrases. This section tests the listener's ability to understand and transcribe spoken English.Sample Questions and Answers.1. Question: What is the main topic of Conversation 1?Answer: The main topic of Conversation 1 is the summer vacation plans of two students.2. Question: Why does the job candidate want the position in Conversation 2?Answer: The job candidate wants the position becausethey are interested in the field and believe their work experience makes them a good fit for the job.3. Question: What is the main idea of Passage 1?Answer: The main idea of Passage 1 is a recentscientific discovery and its potential impact on the field.4. Question: Fill in the blank in the following sentence from the Compound Dictation passage: "The researchers found that the new material had _______ properties than previously thought."Answer: The researchers found that the new material had superior properties than previously thought.Please note that the actual CET-6 exam may havediffered in terms of topics, language difficulty, and question types. It is always recommended to refer toofficial exam materials and practice resources to prepare for the CET-6 effectively.。

2017年6月大学英语四级考试真题(一)听力原文

2017年6月大学英语四级考试真题(一)听力原文2017年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）听力原文【News Report 1】One of Google's self-driving cars crashed into a bus in California last month. There were no injuries.It is not the first time one of Google's famed self-driving cars has been involved in a crash, but it may be the first time it has caused one. On February 14th the self-driving car, travelling at 2mph (3km/h), pulled out in front of a public bus going 15mph (24km/h).The man in the Google vehicle reported that he assumed the bus would slow down to let the car out, and so he did not switch to the manual mode.In a statement, Google said: "We clearly bear some responsibility, because if our car hadn't moved, there wouldn't have been a crash."That said, our test driver believed the bus was going to slow or stop to allow us to merge into the traffic, and that there would be sufficient space to do that."【News Report 2】Thousands of bees left a town after landing on the back of a car when their queen got stuck in its boot. Tom Moses who works at a nearby national park, noticed a “brown patch” on the back of the car after the owner parked it to do some shopping. When he looked closer he realized it was a huge group of bees.Moses said: “I have never seen that many bees in one spot. It was very unusual. They were very close together and there was a lot of noise and movements, it was interesting to see such a strange sight. But there were a lot of people around and I was a bit worried about the bees and the people stopping to look. I thought that someone might do something stupid.Moses called two local bees specialists who helped removed the bees by attracting them into a box.Moses spent three hours looking after the bees and was stung five times, he said my stings are a bit painful but I am pleased that all worked outand I could help, people need to realize that bees are valuable and they should be looked after.Q3. What do we learn about Tom Moses?A）He works at a national park.Q4. What do we know about the bees on the back of the car?B）They were making a lot of noise.【News report 3】A new species of snake has been discovered on a remote island in the Bahamas.Scientists identified 20 of the one meter-long snakes during two trips to the Caribbean islands. The second trip was made in October last year. One of the creatures made a dramatic appearance by moving on to the head of the team leader as he slept.The snake has been named silver boa because it is metallic colored and the first specimen found was climbing a silver palm tree.The team was led by Dr. Graham Reynolds, from Harvard University, the scientistconfirmed the snake was a previously unknown species after conducting a genetic analysis of tissue samples.Commenting on the find, snake expert Robert Henderson from the Museum of Natural History, said: “Worldwide new species of frogs are being discovered and described quite regularity. New species of snakes, however, are much rarer.Q5. What is the news report mainly about?A）The discovery of a new species of snake.Q6. What do we learn about the scientific team leader?C）A snake crawled onto his head in his sleep.Q7. How did the newly discovered creature get its name?D）From its colour.【Conversation 1】W: Did you enjoy your stay with us, Mr. Brown? M: Yes, very much. I had a wonderful time here. Now I'm going to the airport. My flight leaves in less than 2 hours. So, could you tell me, what's the quickest way to get there?W: Well, we can call a taxi for you. We also have a free airport shuttle service.M: That sounds great, but will the shuttle get me to the airport in time?W: Yes, it should. The next shuttle leaves in 15 minutes. And it takes some 25 minutes to get to the airport.M: Fantastic! I'll just wait in the lobby. Will you please let me know when it's leaving?W: Of course, sir.M: Now I would like to settle my mini-bar bill. How much is that?W: Let's see. It comes to $37.50. How would you like to pay for it?M: I'll pay with my credit card. Thanks. But I'll need a receipt, so I can charge it to my company. W: Absolutely! Here you are, sir. If you like, I can leave your bags with the porter. And he can load them onto the shuttle for you when it arrives.M: That would be great. Thank you.W: Would you like to leave a comment on ourweb page when you have time?M: Sure. I had a really good stay here, and I'd like to recommend your hotel to my friends and colleagues.W: That’s very kind of you. Thank you ag ain for staying at Sheraton Hotel.Q8. Why does the man ask about the quickest way to the airport?A）The security check takes time.Q9. How is the man going to pay his bill?B）By credit card.Q10. What did the man ask the woman to do? A）Give him a receipt.Q11. What favor does the woman ask of the man?D）Posting a comment on the hotel’s webpage.【Conversation 2 】M: You know, Ben’s given up making those terrible faces he used to make. The other day, he came home from school almost in tears. Histeacher said if he went on like that, his face would get stuck when the winds changed.W: And he believed her?M: Yeah, he’s only a little boy. Don’t you remember all those things we used to believe when we were little? I remember my aunt Mary used to say if you swallow a cherrystone, a tree would grow out of your mouth. And I’m still terrified today, sort of subconsciously. You know, if I swallow one by mistake…W: Yeah, I suppose you're right. The one that used to get me was that swans could break your leg when they blow of the wing.M: They can, can’t they? I always thought they could.W: No, they are not that strong. But there’s another one even more terrifying. That is, if you put a post stamp on upside down, you will go to prison.M: No, never heard of that. But my grandmother was a terror for that kind of thing. For example, she would say, you will get a spoton your tongue if you tell a lie. If you eat stale bread, your hair will curl. And here’s one more. We went on a campaign trip once in Italy, and my wife spent the whole time worrying about bats getting into her hair. She said her grandmother reckoned you had to shave your head to get it out. My wife was really terrified. W: Silly, isn’t it? But that’s how some parents try to keep their kids from doing the wrong thing or getting into trouble.Q12: What does the man say about Ben?C）He has stopped making terrible faces.Q13: What did aunt Marry used to do when the man was a child?D）Warn him of danger by making up a story. Q14: What does the woman believe swans could do?A）They could break people’s legs.Q15: What did the grandmother of the man’s wife say?B）One would have to shave their head to remove a bat in their hair.【Passage 1】If I could go back in history and live when I liked, I wouldn't go back very far. In fact, I'd like to relive a period I've already lived –the 1960s.I was in my twenties, and everything was being renewed. People would come in out of a formal and almost Victorian attitude, and you really felt anything was possible. Meeting people was the thing, and you went to coffee bars where you met friends and spent the evening. The cinema, the theater, all that was every exciting with new things coming out. In fact, we seemed to be out, all the time! I don't really remember working – of course, I was a student – or sitting around at home very much. That just wasn't where the scene was, even eating! It was the first time, ordinary people started going out to eat. We were beginning to be adventurous about food, but we were more interested in meeting people than in eating or drinking. And dress, yes,that was the revolution. I mean, girls went around in really short skirts, and wore flowers in their hair. And men were in jeans, and could wear their hair long too. It was a wonderful period. It was like living in an age you could never have imagined, and that never has come back. We didn't have much money, but it didn't matter. And there was plenty of opportunity to do whatever you felt like doing.Q16. Why does the speaker say he would like to relive the 1960s?C）Everything seemed to be changing.Q17. What does the speaker say was the most popular thing to do at that time?A）Meeting people.Q18. What do we learn about the speaker?D）He was a young student in the 1960s.【Passage 2】Dogs, man's best friends, have a clear strategy for dealing with angry owners—they look away. New research shows that dogs limit their eyecontact with angry humans. The scientists suggest this may be an attempt to calm humans down. This behavior may have evolved as dogs gradually learned they could benefit from avoiding conflicts with humans.To conduct the tests, the University of Helsinki researchers trained 31 dogs to rest in front of a video screen. Facial photos of dogs and humans were displayed on the screen for 1.5 seconds. They showed threatening, pleasant and neutral expressions. Nearby cameras tracked the dogs' eye movements.Dogs in the study looked most at the eyes of humans and other dogs to sense their emotions. When dogs looked at expressions of angry dogs, their eyes rested more on the mouth, perhaps to interpret the threatening expressions. And when looking at angry humans, they tended to turn away their gaze.Dogs may have learned to detect threat signs from humans and respond by trying to make peace, according to researcher Sanni Somppi.Avoiding conflicts may have helped dogs develop better bonds with humans.The researchers also note that dogs scan faces as a whole to sense how people are feeling, instead of focusing on a given feature. They suggest this indicates that dogs aren't sensing emotions from a single feature, but piecing together information from all facial features just as humans do.Q19. What do dogs do when they are faced with angry humans?B）They avoid looking at them.Q20. What does a dog do when it sees the expressions of angry dogs?C）It focuses its eyes on their mouths.Q21. How does a dog sense people's feelings? B）By taking in their facial expressions as a whole.【Passage 3】Winter in many places is very cold. There is lots of snow around, and the ground freezes,which can make life difficult for animals. People in cold places live in warm houses and have learned to adapt. What do animals do? There are three main ways that animals survive the cold in winter: sleep, adapt or migrate.Some animals, such as bears, frogs and snakes, sleep all winter. They sleep very deeply and need little or no food. While sleeping, their body temperature drops, and their heart beat slows down. To prepare for this before winter, these animals eat extra food to become fat, which gives them the energy they need while they sleep.Other animals adapt. For example, by staying active in winter. It is often hard for them to find food. So some animals, such as mice, collect extra food before winter, and hide it. When winter comes, they return to their hiding places to eat the food. Some animals grow thicker fur, or live in tree holes or underground to stay warm.Some birds migrate by flying to a warmerplace for the winter, where they can find more food. Some fly very long distances, including one kind of bird that flies from the remote north of the world, all the way to the distant south. Some birds fly in groups for safety, while others fly alone.Q22. What does the speaker say about animals in winter?D）They resort to different means to survive the bitter cold.Q23. What do we learn about animals that sleep through winter?C）They consume the energy stored before the long sleep.Q24. How do animals like mice adapt to the severe winter?A）By storing enough food beforehandQ25. Why do some birds fly in groups when migrating, according to the speaker?C）To stay safe。

2017年6月英语六级第一套及答案解析

2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析（第一套完整版）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.2. A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value.C) They make good reading. D) They need improvement.3. A) He seldom writes a book straight through.B) He writes several books simultaneously.C) He draws on his real-life experiences.D) He often turns to his wife for help.4. A) Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B) Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C) He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D) Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) Achievements of black male athletes in college.B) Financial assistance to black athletes in college.C) High college dropout rates among black athletes.D) Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6. A) They display great talent in every kind of game.B) They are better at sports than at academic work.C) They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.7. A) About 15%. B) Around 40%.C) Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%.8. A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B) College degrees do not count much to them.C) They have little interest in academic work.D) Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) Marketing strategies. B) Holiday shopping.C) Shopping malls. D) Online stores.10. A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.B) About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.C) About 136 million.11. A) They have fewer customers.B) They find it hard to survive.C) They are thriving once more.D) They appeal to elderly customers.12. A) Better quality of consumer goods.B) Higher employment and wages.C) Greater varieties of commodities.D) People having more leisure time.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A) They are new species of big insects.B)They are overprescribed antibiotics.C)They are life-threatening diseases.D)They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14. A) Antibiotics are now in short supply.B)Many infections are no longer curable.C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D)Routine operations have become complex.15. A) Facilities. B)Expertise. C)Money. D)Publicity.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) It is accessible only to the talented.B) It improves students’ ability to th ink.C) It starts a lifelong learning process.D) It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17. A) They encourage academic democracy.B) They promote globalization.C) They uphold the presidents’ authority.D) They protect students’ rights.18. A) His thirst for knowledge. B) His eagerness to find a job.C) His contempt for authority. D) His potential for leadership.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.20. A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order.B)They include more or less the same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D)They contain names of the most familiar states.21. A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B)Having a good sleep the night before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.22. A) Discover when you can learn best.B) Change your time of study daily.B) Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) He is a politician. B) He is a businessman.C)He is a sociologist. D) He is an economist.24. A) In slums.B) In Africa.C) In pre-industrial societies.D) In developing countries.25. A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.B)Their income is less than 50% of the national average family income.C)They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Let’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can’t seem to keep their inner monologues(独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain __26__ better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to __27__ mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty __28__ and asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were __29__ to repeat out loudwhat they were looking for and the other half kept their lips __30__. Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn’t，the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that __31__ the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you’ve __32__ matured is not a great sign of __33__. The two professors hope to refute that idea, __34__ that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any__35__, there’s still such a thing as too much information.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently[A] The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before.[B] Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after-school programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend a lot of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.[C] In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family. They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say aren’t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.[D] The class differences in child rearing are growing — a symptom of widening inequality with far-reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions, especially because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum (阶层), but not necessarily others.[E] “Early childhood experiences can be very consequential for children’s long-term social, emotional and cognitive development,” said Sean Reardon, professor of poverty and inequality in educa tion at Stanford University. “And because thoseinfluence educational success and later earnings, early childhood experiences cast a lifelong shadow.” The cycle continues: Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children, which can leave children less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower earnings.[F] American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle-class and higher- income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions.[G] Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults. There are benefits to both approaches. Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less and are closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher-income children are more likely to declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in college and on the way to the middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.[H] “Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she said. “Do some strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions? Probably they do. Will parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubt it.”[I] Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents have less money to spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school events. Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more than $75,000 a year, 84% say their children have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64% have done volunteer work and 62% have taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less than $30,000, 59% of children have done sports, 37% have volunteered and 41% have taken arts classes.[J] Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of high-earning, college-graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with one-fifth of low-income, less- educated parents. Nonetheless, 20% of well-off parents say their children’s schedules are too hectic, compared with 8% of poorer parents.[K] Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabularies and better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents witha college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than others to read to their children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool or day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.[L] The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents’ attitudes toward education do not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the importance of education for upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children’s grades as long as they work hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents.[M] Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child’s education. Parents who are white, wealthy or college- educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances. High- earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children. While bullying is par ents’ greatest concern over all, nearly half of low-income parents worry their child will get shot, compared with one-fifth of high-income parents. They are more worried about their children being depressed or anxious.[N] In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $30,000 and $75,000 a year fell right between working-class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising children, participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their childr en’ s education.[O] Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children from high- and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr. Reardon’ s research. People used to live near people of different income levels; neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live in single-parent households — a historic high, according to Pew 一and these children are three times as likely to live in poverty as those who live with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle-class wage.[P] Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade, even as income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like reading to children and going to libraries, have narrowed.[Q] Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public preschool programs and reading initiatives. Addressing differences in the earliest years, it seems, could reduce inequality in the next generation.36. Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults.37. American parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children despite different ways of parenting.38. While rich parents are more concerned with their children’s psychological well-being, poor parents are more worried about thei r children’s safety.39. The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social inequality.40. Parenting approaches of working-class and affluent families both have advantages.41. Higher-income families and working-class families now tend to live in different neighborhoods.42. Physical punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.43. Ms. Lareau doesn’t believe participating in fewer after-class activities will negatively affect children’s developm ent.44. Wealthy parents are concerned about their children’s mental health and busy schedules.45. Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the past ten years.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包) management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus’ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings — which included data from the system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities — were part of the decision not t o move forward with Governor Bill Haslam’s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”Worker’s advocates have criticized Haslam’s plan, saying it would mea n some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan, which has not been finalized.Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.“The state’s facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February,” Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam’s plans for highe r education in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor’s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.46. What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?A) It is backed by a campus spending analysis.B)It has been flatly rejected by the governor.C)It has neglected their faculty’s demands.D)It will improve their financial situation.47. What does the campus spending analysis reveal?A) Private companies play a big role in campus management.B)Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.C)Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.D)Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial affairs.48. Workers’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would_________.A) deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilitiesB)make workers less motivated in performing dutiesC)render a number of campus workers joblessD)lead to the privatization of campus facilities49. What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s decision?A) The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.B)The outsourcing plan will be implemented.C)The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.D)The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.50. Why did John Morgan decide to resign?A) He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.B)He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.C)He thought the state’s outsourci ng proposal was simply unworkable.D)He opposed the governor’s plan to reconstruct the college board system.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination(终极) of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class—the same that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompson spoke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist. Panini’s Ancient Rome a nd Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative (唤起回忆的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.51. What is said about the Grand Tour?A) It was fashionable among young people of the time.B)It was unaffordable for ordinary people.C)It produced some famous European artists.D)It made a compulsory part of college education.52. What did Grand Tourists have in common?A) They had much geographic knowledge.B)They were courageous and venturesome.C)They were versed in literature and interested in art.D)They had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.53. How did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel?A) They found inspiration in the world’s greatest masterpieces.B)They got a better understanding of early human civilization.C)They developed an interest in the origin of modem art forms.D)They gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.54. Why did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections?A) They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.B)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19th century.C)They found the antiques there more valuable.D)Private collections were of greater variety.55. How did the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England?A) There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.B)Many aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.C)Aristocrats，country houses all had Roman-style gardens.D)Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.唐朝始于618年，终于907年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。

2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(第一套完整版)

2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(第一套完整版)2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析（第一套完整版）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】Whether to Attend a Vocational College or a University?It’s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encounter the choices between a vocational college and a university. And when it comes to this question, students’ ideas are not cut from the same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration, my advices are as follow.In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own superiorities. For instance, a vocational college specializes in cultivating human resources with practical capabilities; while a university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does follow that high school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should know their merits and demerits and their choices must give play to their strengths whilst circumvent weaknesses. In addition, interest is the best teacher and it’s also the premise of learning on one’s own initiative. Thus interest must be taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be.In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question. The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self-positioning and the interest of oneself. Only then can every one find a right path that works best for us.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.【答案】A【解析】题目问如果男士在二手书店中发现了自己写的书，那么男士会感觉怎样。

2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(第一套完整版)

2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案

2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.2. A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value.C) They make good reading. D) They need improvement.3. A) He seldom writes a book straight through.B) He writes several books simultaneously.C) He draws on his real-life experiences.D) He often turns to his wife for help.4. A)Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B)Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C)He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D) Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) Achievements of black male athletes in college.B) Financial assistance to black athletes in college.C) High college dropout rates among black athletes.D) Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6. A) They display great talent in every kind of game.B) They are better at sports than at academic work.C) They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D) They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.7. A) About 15%. B) Around 40%.C) Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%.8. A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B) College degrees do not count much to them.C) They have little interest in academic work.D) Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9 A) Marketing strategies. B) Holiday shopping.C) Shopping malls. D) Online stores.10. A) About 50% of holiday shoppers. B) About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.C) About 136 million. D) About 183.8 million.11. A) They have fewer customers. B) They find it hard to survive.C) They are thriving once more. D) They appeal to elderly customers.12. A) Better quality of consumer goods B) Higher employment and wages.C) Greater varieties of commodities. D) People having more leisure time.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A) They are new species of big insects.B) They are overprescribed antibiotics.C) They are life-threatening diseases.D) They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14.A) Antibiotics are now in short supply.B) Many infections are no longer curable.C) Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D) Routine operations have become complex.15. A) Facilities. B) Expertise.C) Money. D) Publicity.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followedby three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) It is accessible only to the talented.B) It improves students’ ability to think.C) It starts a lifelong learning process.D) It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17. A) They encourage academic democracy.B) They promote globalization.C) They uphold the presidents' authority.D) They protect students’rights.18. A) His thirst for knowledge.B) His eagerness to find a job.C) His contempt for authority.D) His potential for leadership.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.20. A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order.B)They include more or less the same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D)They contain names of the most familiar states.21. A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B)Having a good sleep the night before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to lake place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.22. A) Discover when you can learn best.B) Change your time of study daily.C) Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recordingyou have just heard.23. A) He is a politician. B) He is a businessman.C) He is a sociologist. D) He is a economist24. A) In slums. B) In Africa.C) In pre-industrial societies. D) In developing countries.25. A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.B) Their income is less than 50% of the national average family income.C) They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D) Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not useany of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third hadmade no (26)_______ gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to(27)_______ the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentageof Americans who say a college degree is “very important” has fallen (28)_______ in the last 5-6 years.Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students’ critical thinking skills. Yet like many college teachersaround the U.S., the faculty remain (29)_______ that their work as educators can be measured by a“learning (30)_______ ” such as a graduate’s ability to investigate and reason. However, the professorsneed not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use (31)_______ metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly (32)_______ earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities, despite their global (33)_______ for excellence in teaching, have only begunto demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important,but employers are (34)_______ advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worthof a college degree can be (35)_______ measured, more people will seek higher education—and comeout better thinkers.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2017年6月六级试卷第一套真题及详细解析

作文一：国内国外上大学Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend college at home or abroad, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.参考答案Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to a better choice between attending college at home and abroad. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that it is a better choice to study in domestic colleges, but others consider it better to study abroad. I totally agree with the latter idea for the reasons presented below. To begin with, it harms the society in that the greater the competition is, the higher the recruitment requirements will become. Therefore, with experiences of studying abroad, graduates will become more competitive in job hunting. Furthermore, it is beneficial to the students themselves to study abroad. Without the choice to pursue overseas study, many great scholars today would never have achieved such great success. From my perspective, it is crucial that the government should encourage people to pursue overseas study. Also it is crucial that people should understand the meaning and value of attending college abroad. Only in this way can we achieve greater success.作文二：文科还是理科Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in humanities or science, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.参考范文：Living in a world which is full of changes and challenges,we are confronted with new problems every single day. Of all the issues, one might concern the high school graduates the most, and it is if there are two options: to major in science or humanities. As for me, I prefer the latter.Why,you may wonder, should I prefer to major in humanities. The reasons responsible for it can be listed as follows .Among the most important reasons cited by people is that to major in humanities，directly or indirectly，can not only enrich our basic knowledge about the diversified culture but also sharpen one’s insight in daily routine，which is of great importance in one’s growth.What’s more, to study humanities can give us an independent personality and a deeper vision towards the world, if it were not for those two attributes, how could we achieve great goals in this dog-eat-dog world.Above all, in such a society where emphasis，more often than not，is laid on the depth of one’s thought, to choose humanities as one’s major, must be the best way .To major humanities, so at least it seems to me, is preferable for college students, if they had the chance, in the process of which we will develop an innovative thought mode.As a proverb goes ,there is no difficulty that an innovative thought mode can not solve, no door that an innovative thought mode can not open, no mountain that an innovative thought mode can not surmount.作文三：选择综合类大学还是职业题目：Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.参考范文：With the flourish of education industry, modern students are faced with more alternatives to continue their further education. Both attending a vocational college or a university serves as two main options for the high school graduates. In terms of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration, I shall advise as follows:Primarily, self-orientation matters the most when it comes to a issue like this. Obviously, the main task of vocational college is cultivating human resource with practical capability. Instead, university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different areas. Therefore, being aware of your self-expectation with a clear future blueprint lays a foundation for this important decision.Apart from what has been mentioned above, personal interest also plays a key role in it. For both passion and motivation are derived from interest, which not only decide how far you can reach academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled you will be .To sum up, a clear recognition of self orientation and personal interest will decide whether you will tick the box of vocational college or university. Only in this way can we get the most out of the further education.六级听力解析：Long conversation 1Q1: B Having friendly colleagues解析：原文中前半部分男士说到：“The most important factor for the majority of the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues.” 对于大部分接受采访的人来说，最重要的因素是拥有友好的、互相支持的同事们。

2017年6月大学英语六级考试(第1套)

2017年6月大学英语六级考试（第1套）Part I Writing (30minutes) （请千正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in science or humanities at college, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least J.1Q. w ords but no morethan型words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions I to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Eammg a competitive salary.1.A) Dong enjoyable work.C)·B)Having friendly colleagues.D)Working for supportive bosses.2.A) 31 %.B)20%.C)25%.0)73%.3.A) Those of a small size.C)Those that are well managed.B)Those run by women.D)Those full of skilled workers.4.A) They can hop from job to job easily.C)They can better balance work and life.B)They can win recognition of t heir work.D)They can take on more than one job. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) It is a book of European history.C)It is about the city ofBruges.B)It is an introduction to music.D)It is a collection of photos.6.A) When painting the-concert hall Bruges.C)When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.B)When vacationing on an Italian coastal city.D)When writing about Belgium's coastal regions.7.A) The entire European coastline will be submerged.B)The rich heritage of E urope will be lost completely.C)The seawater of E urope will be seriously polluted.D)The major European scenic spots will disappear.8.A) Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.B)People cannot get around without using boats.< 2017—6 (第1套）-l>。

2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)

2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)页眉内容2017 年 6 月英语六级听力原文(卷一 )W: Welcome to Work Place. And in today’ s program, we’ re looking at the results of two recently published surveys, which both deal with the same topic - happiness at work. John, tell usabout the first survey.M:Well, this was done by a human resources consultancy, who interviewed more than 1,000workers, and established a top ten of the factors, which make people happy at work. The mostimportant factor for the majority of the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues.In fact, 73% of people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor contributingto happiness at work, which is a very high percentage. The second most important factor was havingwork that is enjoyable. The two least important factors were having one's achievements recognized,and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary.W:So, we are not mainly motivated by money?M:Apparently not.W:Any other interesting information in the survey?M:Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as 'very happy'at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy.W:That’ s quite a lot of unhappy people at work every day.M:It is, isn ’t it? And there were several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey.First of all, small is beautiful: people definitely prefer working for smaller organizations orcompanies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women werehappier in their work than men.W:Yes, we are, aren’ t we?M:And workers on part-time contracts, who only work 4 or 5 hours a day, are happier than thosewho work full-time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-lifebalance.W: Are bosses happier than their employees?M: Yes, perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a company, the happier they are. So seniormanagers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1: What is the No.1 factor that made employees happy according to the survey?Q2: What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?Q3: What kind of companies are popular with employees?Q4: What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier?W:Mr. De Keyzer, I'm a great lover of your book Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us howyou first became interested in this subject matter?M:In 2006, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to take some pictures for acatalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along theBelgian coastline. As there had been numerous alarming articles in the press about a climatecatastrophe waiting to happen, I started looking at the sea and the beach very differently, a placewhere I spent so many perfect days as a child. This fear of a looming danger became the subjectof a large-scale photo project.2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)页眉内容W:You wrote in the book: "I don ’t want to photograph the disaster, I want to photograph thedisaster waiting to happen. ” Can you talk a bit about that?M:It is clear now that it is a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears underwater. The same goes for numerous big cities around the world. My idea was tophotograph this beautiful and very unique coastline, rich in history, befor e it’ s too lateas a last—witness.W: Can you talk a bit about how history plays a role in this project?M:Sure. The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when thenext enemy would appear. In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to holdback the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one. For example, there isthe image of the bridge into the sea taken at the Normandy D-Day landing site. Also, Venice, the cityeternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have tobe set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels.W:Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer. It was a pleasure to have you with us today.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5. What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?Q6. When did the man get his idea for the work?Q7. What will happen when the climate catastrophe occurs?Q8. What does the man say about Venice?Section BPassage 1When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending toomuch time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about tobegin her first jury trial. She was very nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make onthe jury. She replied:” I don’ t want to look too inexperienced, I don’ t want them to suspect my first trial.” This lawyer had fallen victims to the don a form’oftsnegativesyndromegoals—setting. The don’ ts can be-fulfilse l fing because your mind response to pictures.Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nerve system thesame way as actually doing something. That means when a golfer tells himself:” Don’ t hit theball into the water. ” His mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water. So guess where theball will go?Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to havehappen. I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial. And this time shesaid: ” I want to look professional and self-assured. ” I told her to create a picture of whatself-assured would look like. To her, it meant moving confidently around the court room, usingconvincing bod y language and projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge’ s ben to the back door. She also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. A few weeksafter this positive stress( 不确定)rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9: what do some people do when they face a new situation?Q10: what does the research conducted at Stanford University show?Q11: what advice does the speaker give to people in a stressful situation?Q12: what do we learn about the lawyer in the court?Passage 2Most Americans don ’ t eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains, researchers nowsays adding fiber to teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes than high schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Kristi King ， a diet specialist at Texas Children's Hospital finds it's hard to get teenager patients ’ attention about healthy eatingbut telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age. That's a powerful message.The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that thosewho consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescence had a lower risk of developingbreast cancer, compared to the women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk is in developing breast cancer in later life.The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High-fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That's why women are told to eat 25 grams a fiber a day - men even more.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?Q14. What do we learn about the survey of the 44,000 women?Q15. What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?Passage 1Well my current research is really about consumer behavior. So recently I've looked at young people's drinking and it's obviously a major concern to Government at the moment.I've also looked at how older people are represented in the media; again, it's of major current interest with older people becoming a much larger proportion of UK and indeed world society.I'm also interested in how consumers operate online, and how that online behavior mightbe different from how they operate offline when they go to the shops.Well, I think that the important thing here is to actually understand what's happening fromthe consumer's perspective. One of the things that businesses and indeed Government organizations often fail to do is to really see what is happening from the consumer's perspective.For example, in the case of young people's drinking, one of the things that I've identified isthat drinking for people say between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity.A lot of the Government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social activity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the things that we've tried to present there.The key thing about consumer behavior is that it's very much about how consumers change. Markets always change faster than marketing; so we have to look at what consumers are doing.Currently I teach consumer behavior to undergraduates in their second year and we look atall kinds of things in consumer behavior and particularly how consumers are presented in advertising.So they get involved by looking at advertising and really critically assessing the consumer behavior aspects of it and getting involved sometimes doing primary research.For example, last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing and analyzed it in detail from shopping to the relationship that they have with their retail banks and their mobile phone providers. I think they found it very useful and it also helped them identifyjust what kind of budgets they had too. The fact of the matter is that there's a whole range of interesting research out there and I think as the years go on, there's going to be much morefor us to consider and certainly much more for students to become involved in.16.What is the speaker currently doing?17.What has the speaker found about young people's drinking?18.What does the speaker say that his students did last year?Passage 2Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money, but it may soon doaway with physical currencies.Banks can save a lot of money and avoid regulatory headaches by moving to a cash-free system, and they can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirty money.Claer Barrett, the editor of Financial Times Money, says the Western world is headed towarda world without physical currency."Andy Holder—the chief eco|nomist at The Bank of England—suggested that the UK move towards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society really make good economic sense?"The fact that cash is being drawn out of society, is less a feature of our everyday lives, andthe ease of electronic payments — is this actually making us spend more money without realizing it?"Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago.She decided that she was going to try to just use cash for two weeks to make all of her essential purchases and see what that would do to her spending. She found she did spend a lotless moneybecause it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need—she was forever drawing money out of cash points. Months later, she was still finding cash stuffed inher trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags.During the experiment, Barrett took a train ride. On the way, there was an announcementthat the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards. The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling without cash."It underlines just how much things have changed in the last generation," Barrett says. "My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes—they'd get paid and they'd immediately separate the cash into piles and put them in envelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week. It was a very effective way for them to keep track of their spending. Nowadays, we're all on credit cards, we're doing online purchases, and money is kind of becoming a less physical and more imaginary type of thing that we can't get our hands around."Q19. What do we learn about Sweden?Q20. What did Claer Barrett want to find out with her experiment?Q21. What did Claer Barrett find on her train ride?Q22. How did people of the last generation budget their spending?Passage 3Why should you consider taking a course in demography in college? You ’ ll be growing up ina generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying. You will face theproblems in the aging of the population that have never been faced before. You will hear moreand more about migration between countries and between rural areas and cities. You need tounderstand as a citizen and as a tax payer and as a voter what ’ s really behind the arguments.I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population. So let ’s startwith a few problems. Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake uphungry, they are hungry all day, and they go to sleep hungry. A billion people are living in slums,not the same billion people, but there is some overlap. Living i n slums means they don ’ t have infrastructure to take the garbage away, they don ’ t have secure water supplies to drink.Nearly a billion people are illiterate. Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can ’ t readthe labels on the bottles in the supermarket, if you can get to a supermarket. Two-thirds of thosepeople who are illiterate are women and about 200 to 215 million women don ’ t have access tobirth control they want, so that they can control their own fertility. This is not only a problem indeveloping countries. About half of all pregnancies globally are unintended. So those areexamples of population problems.Demography gives you the tools to understand and to address these problems. It ’s not onlythe study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses likeinfluenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide youwith meat. Demography also includes the study of non-living objects like light bulbs and taxi cabs,and buildings because these are also populations. It studies these populations, in the past, presentand future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.I see demography as a central subject related to economics. It is the means to intervene morewisely, and more effectively in the real world, to improve the wellbeing, not only of yourself importantas that may be but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet.Questions 23-25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.What is one of the problems the speaker mentions in his talk?24.What does the speaker say about pregnancies?25.How does the speaker view the study of populations?。

2017年6月大学英语六级真题(第一套)

2017年6月大学英语六级真题试卷一Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in science or humanities at college，write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Doing enjoyable work.C) Earning a competitive salary. B) Having friendly colleagues. D) Working for supportive bosses.2. A) 31%.B) 20%. C) 25%.D) 73%.3.A) Those of a small size.B) Those run by women.C) Those that are well managed.D) Those full of skilled workers.4. A) They can hop from job to job easily.B) They can win recognition of their work.C) They can better balance work and life.D) They can take on more than one job.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) It is a book of European history. B) It is an introduction to music.C) It is about the city of Bruges. D) It is a collection of photos.6.A) When painting the concert hall of Bruges.B) When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.C) When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.D) When writing about Belgium’s coastal regions.7.A) The entire European coastline will be submerged.B) The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.C) The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.D)The major European scenic spots will disappear.8.A) Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.B) People cannot get around without using boats.C) It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and abroad.D) Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) They make careful preparations beforehand.B) They take too many irrelevant factors into account.C) They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.D) They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.10.A) A person’s nervous system is more complicated than imagined.B)Golfers usually have positive mental images of themselves.C) Mental images often interfere with athletes’ performance.11.A) Anticipate possible problems.B) Make a list of do’s and don’ts.C) Picture themselves succeeding.D) Try to appear more professional.12.A) She wore a designer dress. B) She won her first jury trial.C) She did not speak loud enough. D) She presented moving pictures.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A) Its long-term effects are yet to be proved.B)Its health benefits have been overestimated.C) It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.D) It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.14.A) It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.B) It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.C) It focused on their difference from men in fiber intake.D) It tracked their eating habits since their adolescence.15.A) Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.B) Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.C) Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.D) Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) Observing the changes in marketing.B) Conducting research on consumer behaviour.C) Studying the hazards of young people drinking.D) Investigating the impact of media on government.17.A) It is the cause of many street riots. B) It is getting worse year by year.C) It is a chief concern of parents. D) It is an act of socialising.18.A) They spent a week studying their own purchasing behaviour.B) They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.C) They analysed their family budgets over the years.D) They conducted a thorough research on advertising.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.B) It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.C) It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.D) It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.20. A) Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.B)Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.C) Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend more.D) Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday life.21.A) There was no food service on the train. B) The service on the train was not good.C) The restaurant car accepted cash only. D) The cash in her handbag was missing.22.A) By putting money into envelopes. B) By drawing money week by week.C) By limiting their day-to-day spending. D) By refusing to buy anything on credit.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recordingyou have just heard.23. A) Population explosion. B) Extinction of rare species.C) Chronic hunger. D) Environmental deterioration.24. A) They contribute to overpopulation. B) About half of them are unintended.C) They have been brought under control. D) The majority of them tend to end halfway.25. A) It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on earth.B) It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary research.C) It is neglected in many of the developing countries.D) It is beginning to attract postgraduates’ attention.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. PleaseYou may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that their students have actually achieved one of higher education's most important goals: critical thinking skills. Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no __26__ gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to __27__ the high cost of attending Purdue to its students and their families. After all, the percentage of Americans who say a college degree is "very important" has fallen __28__ in the last 5-6 years.Purdue now has a pilot test to assess students' critical thinking skills. Yet like many college teachers around the U.S., the faculty remain __29__ that their work as educators can be measured by a "learning __30__" such as a graduate's ability to investigate and reason. However, the professors need not worry so much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use __31__ metrics to measure how well students do in three key areas: critical thinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy.Despite the success of the experiment, the actual results are worrisome, and mostly __32__ earlier studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels on critical thinking than they were doing for written communication or quantitative literacy. And that conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.American universities, despite their global __33__ for excellence in teaching, have only begun to demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important, but employers are __34__ advanced thinking skills from college graduates. If the intellectual worth of a college degree can be __35__ measured, more people will seek higher education—and come out better thinkers.A) accurately B) confirm C) demanding D) doubtful E) drastically F) justify G) monopolized H) outcome I) predominance J) presuming K) reputation L) significant M) signifyN) simultaneously O) standardizedSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A) Fossil fuel prices are likely to stay "low for long". Notwithstanding important recent progressin developing renew able fuel sources, low fossil fuel prices could discourage further innovationin, and adoption of, cleaner energy technol ogies. The result would be higher emissions ofcarbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.B) Policymakers should not allow low energy prices to derail the clean energy transition. Actionto restore appropriate price incentives, notably through corrective carbon pricing, is urgentlyneeded to lower the risk of irreversible and pot entially devastating effects of climate change. That approach also offers fiscal benefits.C) Oil prices have dropped by over 60% since June 2014. A commonly held view in the oilindustry is that "the best c ure for low oil prices is low oil prices". The reasoning behind thissaying is that low oil prices discourage investment i n new production capacity, eventuallyshifting the oil supply curve backward and bringing prices back up as existing o il fields—whichcan be tapped at relatively low marginal cost—are depleted. In fact, in line with past experience, capi tal expenditure in the oil sector has dropped sharply in many producing countries, including the United States. The dy namic adjustment to low oil prices may, however, bedifferent this time around.D) Oil prices are expected to remain lower for longer. The advent of new technologies has addedabout 4.2 million bar rels per day to the crude oil market, contributing to a global over-supply. In addition, other factors are putting downw ard pressure on oil prices: change in thestrategic behavior of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the projectedincrease in Iranian exports, the scaling-down of global demand (especially from emergingmarkets), the long -term drop in petroleum consumption in the United States, and somedisplacement of oil by substitutes. These likely p ersistent forces, like the growth of shale (页岩) oil, point to a "low for long" scenario. Futures markets, which show only a modest recovery ofprices to around $6 0 a barrel by 2019, support this view.E) Natural gas and coal—also fossil fuels—have similarly seen price declines that look to be long-lived. Coal and nat ural gas are mainly used for electricity generation, whereas oil is used mostlyto power transportation, yet the prices of all these energy sources are linked. The NorthAmerican shale gas boom has resulted in record low prices there. The r ecent discovery of thegiant Zohr gas field off the Egyptian coast will eventually have impact on pricing in theMediter ranean region and Europe, and there is significant development potential in many otherplaces, notably Argentina. Coa l prices also are low, owing to over-supply and the scaling-downof demand, especially from China, which bums half of the world's coal.F) Technological innovations have unleashed the power of renewables such as wind, hydro, solar, and geothermal (地热). Even Africa and the Middle East, home to economies that areheavily dependent on fossil fuel exports, have enor mous potential to develop renewables. For example, the United Arab Emirates has endorsed an ambitious target to dr aw 24% of itsprimary energy consumption from renewable sources by 2021.G) Progress in the development of renewables could be fragile, however, if fossil fuel pricesremain low for long. Ren ewables account for only a small share of global primary energyconsumption, which is still dominated by fossil fuels —30% each for coal and oil,25% for naturalgas. But renewable energy will have to displace fossil fuels to a much greater extent in thefuture to av oid unacceptable climate risks.H) Unfortunately, the current low prices for oil, gas, and coal may provide little incentive forresearch to find even che aper substitutes for those fuels. There is strong evidence that bothinnovation and adoption of cleaner technology are s trongly encouraged by higher fossil fuelprices. The same is true for new technologies for alleviating fossil fuel emissi ons.energy sources. Unless renewables become cheap enough thatsubstantial carbon deposits are left underground for a v ery long time, if not forever, theplanet will likely be exposed to potentially catastrophic climate risks.J) Some climate impacts may already be discernible. For example, the United Nations Children'sFund estimates that s ome 11 million children in Africa face hunger, disease, and watershortages as a result of the strongest El Nino (厄尔尼诺) weather phenomenon in decades. Many scientists believe that El Nino events, caused by warming in the Pacific, a re becoming moreintense as a result of climate change.K) Nations from around the world have gathered in Paris for the United Nations Climate ChangeConference, COP 21 , with the goal of a universal and potentially legally-binding agreement onreducing greenhouse gas emissions. We ne ed very broad participation to fully address theglobal tragedy that results when countries fail to take into account the negative impact oftheir carbon emissions on the rest of the world. Moreover, non-participation by nations, ifsufficient ly widespread, can undermine the political will of participating countries to act.L) The nations participating at COP 21 are focusing on quantitative emissions-reductioncommitments. Economic reas oning shows that the least expensive way for each country is toput a price on carbon emissions. The reason is that wh en carbon is priced, those emissionsreductions that are least costly to implement will happen first. The International MonetaryFund calculates that countries can generate substantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossilfuel subsidies an d levying carbon charges that capture the domestic damage caused byemissions. A tax on upstream carbon sources is one easy way to put a price on carbonemissions, although some countries may wish to use other methods, such as emi ssions tradingschemes. In order to maximize global welfare, every country's carbon pricing should reflectnot only the purely domestic damage from emissions, but also the damage to foreigncountries.M) Setting the right carbon price will therefore efficiently align the costs paid by carbon userswith the true social opp ortunity cost of using carbon. By raising relative demand for cleanenergy sources, a carbon price would also help alig n the market return to clean-energyinnovation with its social return, spurring the refinement of existing technologies a nd thedevelopment of new ones. And it would raise the demand for technologies such as carboncapture and storage, s purring their further development. If not corrected by the appropriatecarbon price, low fossil fuel prices are not accur ately signaling to markets the true socialprofitability of clean energy. While alternative estimates of the damage from carbon emissionsdiffer, and it's especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events, most estimates suggest substantial negative effects.N) Direct subsidies to research and development have been adopted by some governments butare a poor substitute for a carbon price: they do only part of the job, leaving in place marketincentives to over-use fossil fuels and thereby add to the stock of atmospheric greenhousegases without regard to the collateral (附带的) costs.O) The hope is that the success of COP 21 opens the door to future international agreement oncarbon prices. Agreem ent on an international carbon-price floor would be a good starting pointin that process. Failure to address comprehen sively the problem of greenhouse gasemissions, however, exposes all generations, present and future, to incalculable r isks.36. A number of factors are driving down the global oil prices not just for now but in theforeseeable future.37. Pricing carbon proves the most economical way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.38. It is estimated that extreme weather conditions have endangered the lives of millions ofAfrican children.39. The prices of coal are low as a result of over-supply and decreasing demand.40. Higher fossil fuel prices prove to be conducive to innovation and application of cleanertechnology.41. If fossil fuel prices remain low for a long time, it may lead to higher emissions ofgreenhouse gases.44. Greenhouse gas emissions, if not properly dealt with, will pose endless risks for mankind.45. It is urgent for governments to increase the cost of using fossil fuels to an appropriatelevel to lessen the catastroph ic effects of climate change.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadlyagree that public ac cess to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post theresults of their own labors online.Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists, for example, post DNA sequencesat the GenBank r epository (库) , and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images ofgalaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects—but these remain the exception, not the rule. Hi storically, scientists haveobjected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did n otexist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standardsfor formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide areencouraging scien tists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said inits report that scientists need to "shift aw ay from a research culture where data is viewed as aprivate preserve". Funding agencies note that data paid for with p ublic money should be publicinformation, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared di gitally inways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up tomake it easie r to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover andcite them.Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, thepractice is not purely altrui stic (利他的). Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved vis ibility and increased citations. Themost successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most ofte n---getnoticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets onmultidisciplinary repositor y Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has beendownloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks th at users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, t o foresterslooking for information on different grades of timber."I'd much prefer to have my data used bythe maximum number of people to ask their own questions," she says."It's important to allowreaders and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and codeal lows your science to be reproducible."Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize andlabel files so others ca n understand them, scientists become more organized and betterdisciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.46. What do many researchers generally accept?B) Repositories are essential to scientific research.C) Open data sharing is most important to medical science.D) Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.47. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public?A) Opposed.B) Ambiguous.C) Liberal.D) Neutral.48. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing?A) The fear of massive copying.B) The lack of a research culture.C) The belief that research data is private intellectual property.D) The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.49. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?A) The ever-growing demand for big data.B) The advancement of digital technology.C) The changing attitude of journals and funders.D) The trend of social and economic development.50. Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ________.A) is becoming increasingly popularB) benefits sharers and users alikeC) makes researchers successfulD) saves both money and laborPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macy's reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and December at stores open more than ayear, a disappoint ing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for adepartment store chain facing wide-ranging challeng es. Its flagship stores in major U.S. citiesdepend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retai lers due to a strongdollar. Meanwhile, Macy's has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested inspen ding on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories.The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December onunseasonably warm weather. "About 80% of our company's year-over-year declines incomparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls (短缺) in cold-weather goods," said chiefexecutive Teny Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecastsfor the full fourth quarter.However, it's clear that Macy's believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏离) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year haspushed it to begin impleme nting $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged tocut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned toother jobs. It also plans to offer "voluntary separation" packages to 165 senior executives. Itwill slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2016. The companyhad previously an nounced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would beaffected. None of the chain's stores in the W ashington metropolitan area are to be closed.Macy's has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It hasplans to open more locations of Macy's Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept whichmight help it better compete with ambitiou s T. J. Maxx. It's also pushing ahead in 2016 withan expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year.One relative bright spot for Macy's during the holiday season was the online channel, where itrang up "double-di git" increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industryduring the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Blac k Friday and Cyber Mondayall saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in theU.S.?A) It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.B) It is a direct result of the global economic recession.C) It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.D) It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.52. What does Macy's believe about its problems?A) They can be solved with better management.B) They cannot be attributed to weather only.C) They are not as serious in its online stores.D) They call for increased investments.53. In order to cut costs, Macy's decided to ________.A) cut the salary of senior executivesB) relocate some of its chain storesC) adjust its promotion strategiesD) reduce the size of its staff54. Why does Macy's plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?A) To experiment on its new business concept.B) To focus more on beauty products than clothing.C) To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D) To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.55. What can we learn about Macy's during the holiday season?A) Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.B) Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C) It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.D) It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.P art IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.明朝统治中国276年，被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟大的时代之一。

2017英语六级听力原文

2017英语六级听力原文The 2017 English six-level listening test is a challenging exam that requires a high level of English proficiency to pass. The test consists of various listening passages, including conversations, news reports, and academic lectures. One of the main problems with the testis the speed at which the speakers talk. Many test-takers find it difficult to keep up with the pace and comprehend the information being presented. This can be especially challenging for non-native English speakers who may struggle with understanding different accents and dialects.Another issue with the listening test is the variety of topics covered. Test-takers need to be familiar with a wide range of subjects, including science, history, and current events. This can be overwhelming for some individuals who may not have a strong background in these areas. Additionally, the test requires a strong grasp of vocabulary and idiomatic expressions, which can bedifficult for those who have not been exposed to a widerange of English language materials.Furthermore, the listening test requires test-takers to be able to make inferences and understand implied meanings. This can be particularly challenging for individuals who are not accustomed to the nuances of the English language. The ability to understand implied meanings and draw conclusions from the information presented is a crucialskill for success on the test.In addition to the linguistic challenges, test-takers also need to be able to concentrate and stay focused throughout the duration of the test. The listening passages are often lengthy, and it can be easy to lose concentration and miss important details. This can be particularly challenging for individuals who struggle with attention and focus.Moreover, the listening test also requires test-takers to be able to take effective notes while listening to the passages. This can be a difficult skill to master, as it requires individuals to listen, comprehend, and writesimultaneously. For many test-takers, this multitasking can be overwhelming and can lead to a loss of important information.In conclusion, the 2017 English six-level listeningtest presents a variety of challenges for test-takers. From the speed of the speakers to the wide range of topics covered, the test requires a high level of English proficiency and strong listening skills. For many individuals, the test can be overwhelming and difficult to pass. However, with dedication and practice, it is possible to improve listening skills and succeed on the exam.。

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2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)W: Welcome to Work Place. And in today’s program, we’re looking at the results of two recently published surveys, which both deal with the same topic - happiness at work. John, tell us about the first survey.M: Well, this was done by a human resources consultancy, who interviewed more than 1,000 workers, and established a top ten of the factors, which make people happy at work. The most important factor for the majority of the people interviewed was having friendly, supportive colleagues. In fact, 73% of people interviewed put their relationship with colleagues as the key factor contributing to happiness at work, which is a very high percentage. The second most important factor was having work that is enjoyable. The two least important factors were having one's achievements recognized, and rather surprisingly, earning a competitive salary.W: So, we are not mainly motivated by money?M: Apparently not.W: Any other interesting information in the survey?M: Yes. For example, 25% of the working people interviewed described themselves as 'very happy' at work. However, 20% of employees described themselves as being unhappy.W: That’s quite a lot of unhappy people at work every day.M: It is, isn’t it? And there were several more interesting conclusions revealed by the survey. First of all, small is beautiful: people definitely prefer working for smaller organizations or companies with less than 100 staff. We also find out that, generally speaking, women were happier in their work than men.W: Yes, we are, aren’t we?M: And workers on part-time contracts, who only work 4 or 5 hours a day, are happier than those who work full-time. The researchers concluded that this is probably due to a better work-life balance.W: Are bosses happier than their employees?M: Yes, perhaps not surprisingly, the higher people go in a company, the happier they are. So senior managers enjoy their jobs more than people working under them.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q1: What is the No.1 factor that made employees happy according to the survey?Q2: What is the percentage of the people surveyed who felt unhappy at work?Q3: What kind of companies are popular with employees?Q4: What is the possible reason for people on part-time contracts to be happier?W: Mr. De Keyzer, I'm a great lover of your book Moments Before the Flood. Can you tell us how you first became interested in this subject matter?M: In 2006, when the concert hall of the city of Bruges asked me to take some pictures for a catalogue for a new concert season around the theme of water, I found myself working along the Belgian coastline. As there had been numerous alarming articles in the press about a climate catastrophe waiting to happen, I started looking at the sea and the beach very differently, a place where I spent so many perfect days as a child. This fear of a looming danger became the subject of a large-scale photo project.W: You wrote in the book: "I don’t want to photograph the disaster, I want to photograph the disaster waiting to happen.”Can you talk a bit about that?M: It is clear now that it is a matter of time before the entire European coastline disappears under water. The same goes for numerous big cities around the world. My idea was to photograph this beautiful and very unique coastline, rich in history, before it’s too late—as a last witness.W: Can you talk a bit about how history plays a role in this project?M: Sure. The project is also about the history of Europe looking at the sea and wondering when the next enemy would appear. In the images, you see all kinds of possible defense constructions to hold back the Romans, Germans, Vikings, and now nature as enemy number one. For example, there is the image of the bridge into the sea taken at the Normandy D-Day landing site. Also, Venice, the city eternally threatened by the sea, where every morning wooden pathways have to be set up to allow tourists to reach their hotels.W: Thank you, Mr. De Keyzer. It was a pleasure to have you with us today.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q5. What does the man say about the book Moments Before the Flood?Q6. When did the man get his idea for the work?Q7. What will happen when the climate catastrophe occurs?Q8. What does the man say about Venice?Section BPassage 1When facing a new situation, some people tend to rehearse their defeat by spending too much time anticipating the worst. I remember talking with a young lawyer who was about to begin her first jury trial. She was very nervous. I asked what impression she wanted to make on the jury. She replied:” I don’t want to look too inexperienced, I don’t want them to suspect this is my first trial.” This lawyer had fallen victims to the don’ts syndrome—a form of negative goals setting. The don’ts can be self-fulfilling because your mind response to pictures.Research conducted at Stanford University shows a mental image fires the nerve system the same way as actually doing something. That means when a golfer tells himself: ”Don’t hit the ball into the water.”His mind sees the image of the ball flying into the water. So guess where the ball will go?Consequently, before going into any stressful situation, focus only on what you want to have happen. I asked the lawyer again how she wanted to appear at her first trial. And this time she said: ”I want to look professional and self-assured. ”I told her to create a picture of what self-assured would look like. To her, it meant moving confidently around the court room, using convincing body language and projecting her voice, so it could be heard from the judge’s bench to the back door. She also imagined a skillful closing argument and a winning trial. A few weeks after this positive stress(不确定)rehearsal, the young lawyer did win.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q9: what do some people do when they face a new situation?Q10: what does the research conducted at Stanford University show?Q11: what advice does the speaker give to people in a stressful situation?Q12: what do we learn about the lawyer in the court?Passage 2Most Americans don’t eat enough fruits, vegetables or whole grains, researchers now says adding fiber to teen diet may help lower the risk of breast cancer.Conversations about the benefits of fiber are probably more common in nursing homes thanhigh schools. But along comes a new study that could change that. Kristi King，a diet specialist at Texas Children's Hospital finds it's hard to get teenager patients’attention about healthy eating but telling them that eating lots of high-fiber foods could reduce the risk of breast cancer before middle age. That's a powerful message.The new finding is based on a study of 44,000 women. They were surveyed about their diets during high school, and their eating habits were tracked for two decades. It turns out that those who consumed the highest levels of fiber during adolescence had a lower risk of developing breast cancer, compared to the women who ate the least fiber. This important study demonstrates that the more fiber you eat during your high school years, the lower your risk is in developing breast cancer in later life.The finding points to long-standing evidence that fiber may reduce circulating female hormone levels, which could explain the reduced risk. The bottom line here is the more fiber you eat, perhaps, a lower level of hormone in your body, and therefore, a lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. High-fiber diets are also linked to a reduced risk of heart disease and diabetes. That's why women are told to eat 25 grams a fiber a day - men even more.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q13. What does the new study tell about adding fiber to the teen diet?Q14. What do we learn about the survey of the 44,000 women?Q15. What explanation does the speaker offer for the research finding?Passage 1Well my current research is really about consumer behavior. So recently I've looked at young people's drinking and it's obviously a major concern to Government at the moment.I've also looked at how older people are represented in the media; again, it's of major current interest with older people becoming a much larger proportion of UK and indeed world society.I'm also interested in how consumers operate online, and how that online behavior might be different from how they operate offline when they go to the shops.Well, I think that the important thing here is to actually understand what's happening from the consumer's perspective. One of the things that businesses and indeed Government organizations often fail to do is to really see what is happening from the consumer's perspective.For example, in the case of young people's drinking, one of the things that I've identified is that drinking for people say between the ages of 18 and 24 is all about the social activity.A lot of the Government advertising has been about individual responsibility, but actually understanding that drinking is very much about the social activity and finding ways to help young people get home safely and not end up in hospital is one of the things that we've tried to present there.The key thing about consumer behavior is that it's very much about how consumers change. Markets always change faster than marketing; so we have to look at what consumers are doing.Currently I teach consumer behavior to undergraduates in their second year and we look at all kinds of things in consumer behavior and particularly how consumers are presented in advertising.So they get involved by looking at advertising and really critically assessing the consumer behavior aspects of it and getting involved sometimes doing primary research.For example, last year my students spent a week looking at their own purchasing and analyzed it in detail from shopping to the relationship that they have with their retail banks and their mobile phone providers. I think they found it very useful and it also helped them identify just what kind of budgets they had too. The fact of the matter is that there's a whole range of interesting research out there and I think as the years go on, there's going to be much more for us to consider and certainly much more for students to become involved in.16. What is the speaker currently doing?17. What has the speaker found about young people's drinking?18. What does the speaker say that his students did last year?Passage 2Sweden was the first European country to print and use paper money, but it may soon do away with physical currencies.Banks can save a lot of money and avoid regulatory headaches by moving to a cash-free system, and they can also avoid bank robberies, theft, and dirty money.Claer Barrett, the editor of Financial Times Money, says the Western world is headed toward a world without physical currency."Andy Holder —the chief eco|nomist at The Bank of England —suggested that the UK move towards a government-backed digital currency. But does a cashless society really make good economic sense?"The fact that cash is being drawn out of society, is less a feature of our everyday lives, and the ease of electronic payments —is this actually making us spend more money without realizing it?"Barrett wanted to find out if the absence of physical currency does indeed cause a person to spend more, so she decided to conduct an experiment a few months ago.She decided that she was going to try to just use cash for two weeks to make all of her essential purchases and see what that would do to her spending. She found she did spend a lot less moneybecause it is incredibly hard to predict how much cash one is going to need — she was forever drawing money out of cash points. Months later, she was still finding cash stuffed in her trouser pockets and the pockets of her handbags.During the experiment, Barrett took a train ride. On the way, there was an announcement that the restaurant car was not currently accepting credit cards. The train cars were filled with groans because many of the passengers were traveling without cash."It underlines just how much things have changed in the last generation," Barrett says. "My parents, when they were younger, used to budget by putting money into envelopes —they'd get paid and they'd immediately separate the cash into piles and put them in envelopes, so they knew what they had to spend week by week. It was a very effective way for them to keep track of their spending. Nowadays, we're all on credit cards, we're doing online purchases, and money is kind of becoming a less physical and more imaginary type of thing that we can't get our hands around."Q19. What do we learn about Sweden?Q20. What did Claer Barrett want to find out with her experiment?Q21. What did Claer Barrett find on her train ride?Q22. How did people of the last generation budget their spending?Passage 3Why should you consider taking a course in demography in college? You’ll be growing up in a generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying. You will face the problems in the aging of the population that have never been faced before. You will hear more and more about migration between countries and between rural areas and cities. You need to understand as a citizen and as a tax payer and as a voter what’s really behind the arguments.I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population. So let’s start with a few problems. Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. That means they wake up hungry, they are hungry all day, and they go to sleep hungry. A billion people are living in slums,not the same billion people, but there is some overlap. Living in slums means they don’t have infrastructure to take the garbage away, they don’t have secure water supplies to drink.Nearly a billion people are illiterate. Try to imagine your life being illiterate. You can’t read the labels on the bottles in the supermarket, if you can get to a supermarket. Two-thirds of those people who are illiterate are women and about 200 to 215 million women don’t have access to birth control they want, so that they can control their own fertility. This is not only a problem in developing countries. About half of all pregnancies globally are unintended. So those are examples of population problems.Demography gives you the tools to understand and to address these problems. It’s not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses like influenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide you with meat. Demography also includes the study of non-living objects like light bulbs and taxi cabs, and buildings because these are also populations. It studies these populations, in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.I see demography as a central subject related to economics. It is the means to intervene more wisely, and more effectively in the real world, to improve the wellbeing, not only of yourself important as that may be but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet.Questions 23-25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. What is one of the problems the speaker mentions in his talk?24. What does the speaker say about pregnancies?25. How does the speaker view the study of populations?。

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