新高考英语一轮半小时训练：组合练 第1练 含解析

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·广东茂名五校联考)
People You’ve Never Heard of
Who Changed the World
It is a fact that most people live their lives unremarked by history.Whether by design or by accident，there are some pioneers whose achievements changed the course of history but whose names are unknown to us.
James Harrison
James Harrison has saved the lives of over two million people by donating his blood 1,173 times，a Guinness world record.His blood produces a rare antibody(抗体) which cures the otherwise deadly Rhesus disease in unborn children.It has also been used in the development of a medicine anti-D，which will cure the Rhesus disease in children forever.
Lewis Latimer
After helping Alexander Graham Bell obtain his patent for the telephone，Lewis Latimer patented a carbon filament(碳灯丝)，which allowed light bulbs to burn for hours before burning out，much more useful than that invented by Thomas timer went on to invent many other useful devices，including a device which cooled and cleaned patients’ rooms in hospitals.
Maurice Hilleman
Not all achievements require bravery and self-sacrifice.Take Maurice Hilleman for example.He found another way to change the world.He developed the mumps vaccine(疫苗) after his daughter got the illness.And he didn’t stop there.In total，he has single-handedly developed over 40 vaccines，including eight commonly given to children.His work has saved millions of lives and prevented serious consequences due to the diseases.
Nils Bohlin
In 1959 Nils Bohlin patented a revolutionary design that has saved millions of lives—the three-point safety belt.After the initial resistance from drivers who hated being told what to do，and even for their own good，the three-point belt has become a standard feature in new cars around the world.
1．Whose patent allowed light bulbs to burn for hours before burning out?
A．Lewis Latimer.
B．Alexander Graham Bell.
C．Thomas Edison.
D．Nils Bohlin.
2．What’s the similarity between James Harrison and Maurice Hilleman?
A．They both set a Guinness world record.
B．They both had spirits of bravery and self-sacrifice.
C．Their contributions saved the lives of many children.
D．They devoted themselves to work because of family members.
3．What was the drivers’ initial attitude to the three-point seat belt?
A．They were content with it.
B．They refused to use it.
C．They accepted it calmly.
D．They got excited about it.
B
(2019·四川双流中学模拟)
I attended a party one night.During the dinner a man told a humorous story based on the quotation：“There’s a divinity that shapes our ends，rough-hew them how we will.”
The storyteller mentioned that the quotation was from the Bible.I knew he was wrong.There couldn’t be the slightest doubt about it.To get a feeling of importance and display my superiority，I appointed myself as an unwelcome committee member to correct him.He stuck to his guns.“What? From Shakespeare? Impossible! Absurd! That quotation was from the Bible.” And he knew it.
The storyteller was sitting on my right；and Frank Gammond，an old friend of mine，was seated on my left.Mr Gammond had devoted years to the study of Shakespeare.So the storyteller and I agreed to submit the question to Mr Gammond.Mr Gammond listened，kicked me under the table，and then said，“Dale，you are wrong.The gentleman is right.It is from the Bible.”
On our way home that night，I said to Mr Gammond，“Frank，you knew that quotation was from Shakespeare.”“Yes，of course，” he replied，“Hamlet，Act Five，Scene Two.But we were
guests at a happy time，my dear Dale.Why argue with the storyteller? Why prove to him he is wrong？Why not let him save his face？Always avoid your sharp angle.” I learned a lesson I’ll never forget.I not only had made the storyteller uncomfortable，but also had put my friend in an embarrassing situation.How much better it would have been if I had not become argumentative.
Nine times out of ten，an argument ends with each of the contestants more firmly convinced than ever that he is absolutely right.You can’t win an argument.You can’t because if you lose it，you lose it；and if you win it，you lose it.
4．What did the author do to get a feeling of importance at the party?
A．Tell a humorous story.
B．Show off his rich knowledge.
C．Teach the storyteller a lesson.
D．Correct the storyteller’s mistake.
5．Why did Frank Gammond kick the author under the table?
A．Because he didn’t know much about the Bible.
B．Because he thought the author was really wrong.
C．Because he was thoughtful and wanted to stop the author.
D．Because he was humorous and played tricks on the author.
6．How did the author feel about the event that happened at the party?
A．Thankful. B．Regretful.
C．Satisfied. D．Confused.
7．What can be the suitable title for the passage?
A．You Can’t Win an Argument
B．You Can’t Make Mistakes in Public
C．Do Have an Open Mind
D．Mind Your Manners at a Party
C
(2019·山东青岛二模)
Solar power is helping bring about a future of cleaner energy，but there are limits to where rigid solar panels (刚性太阳能电池板) can go.A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite(钙钛矿) can go almost anywhere，says physicist Olga Malinkiewicz.We can use perovskite cells on the surfaces of the building，on the roofs of the buildings，on the roofs of the cars and on the electronic devices.We can use it on the sails.We can use it in the balls，tents and unlimited applications.Malinkiewicz says perovskite has become a favorite among solar panel researchers.Because it can be printed，everyone can use it on every surface.
Malinkiewicz developed a way to print perovskite panels like an inkjet printer.She co-founded a company to produce them，called Soleil Technologies，after the Baltic sun goddess.Construction company Skanska is testing the panels at their Warsaw headquarters.Adam Targowski is sustainable(可持续的) development manager for Skanska.They work perfectly，even when they are not well exposed to sunlight.So we can use them in all surfaces of the building.Soleil calculates that about one square meter of panel can supply a day’s worth of power for one worker’s computer and lights.And they keep getting better as research continues，says the company’s scientific director Konrad Wojciechowski.
For other technologies，it took decades to really enter markets.Perovskite has been around only for few years in scientific research，so there is still a lot to be done，but potential is basically pretty much unlimited，I think.There are still durability and other problems to work out，but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.
8．What do we know about the perovskite solar cell from the first paragraph?
A．It’s delicate. B．It’s complex.
C．It’s flexible. D．It’s expensive.
9．What does the underlined word “they” in the second paragraph refer to?
A．Skanska and Adam Targowski.
B．Malinkiewicz and Skanska.
C．Soleil Technologies.
D．Perovskite panels.
10．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．It needs years to put perovskite panels into markets.
B．Scientists think perovskite panels are ready for markets.
C．Perovskite has been studied for decades.
D．Perovskite panels will soon be seen in the market.
11．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To explain how to use perovskite panels.
B．To introduce perovskite panels.
C．To advertise a new solar power cell.
D．To propose scientists to further study perovskite cells.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2019·湖北名校联盟信息卷)
How You Open Your Car Door Matters to Cyclists
The “Dutch Reach” isn’t a new dance move or a random YouTube challenge. 12 And
you might keep your car door safe in the process，too.All you have to do is change how you open your door.
Typically，a person sitting in the driver’s seat of a car opens the door with the hand closest to it.It makes sense since doors are designed to be opened that way.Pull the handle and the door is open.But if you happen to do that at the wrong time，you may unknowingly create an obstacle for a passing cyclist.The cyclist might be knocked down off the bike. 13
Clearly，the solution is for the person exiting the vehicle to check for traffic.However，the car door design and long-time habits have made the process automatically. 14 Open your car door with your other hand using the Dutch Reach.So instead of using your left hand，reach for the door handle with your right.This will force you to turn your body.At the very least，you’ll look into your side view mirror to check for any traffic.
15 All Dutch are taught it.It’s part of regular driver education.The technique dates back about 50 or 60 years in the Netherlands.In 2016 an American named Michael Charney started the Dutch Reach Project.He wanted to popularize the practice in the United States.Charney’s efforts may be paying off. 16
A．The car door is likely to be damaged by the fast-moving bicycle.
B．The Dutch are used to opening their car doors this way.
C．Several states now include the Dutch Reach in their drivers’ handbooks.
D．It’s a simple move that can help prevent harm to cyclists.
E．People are trying to change the way to open the car.
F．It is easy to do once you are used to it.
G．Luckily，there’s a simple way to solve the problem.
答案精析
Ⅰ.
1．A[细节理解题。

根据Lewis Latimer的内容可知，Lewis Latimer发明了碳灯丝，这一发明能让电灯泡在熄灭之前持续使用数小时，这相比Thomas Edison 发明的同类产品要更有效。

故选A。

]
2．C[细节理解题。

第二段第一句和最后一句都表明James Harrison救了很多人包括儿童，第四段的最后两句表明Maurice Hilleman发明了很多儿童疫苗，拯救了很多儿童的性命，两人的共同点是救了很多儿童。

故选C。

]
3．B[细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的“After the initial resistance from drivers who hated being told what to do...”可知，司机最初对这种三点式安全带是抵制的，故选B。

]
4．D[细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“To get a feeling of importance and display my superiority，I appointed myself as an unwelcome committee member to correct him.”可知，作者在聚会上纠正讲故事的人的错误来获得一种重要感。

故选D。

]
5．C[推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“Mr Gammond listened，kicked me under the table，and then said，‘Dale，you are wrong.The gentleman is right.It is from the Bible.’”可知，Frank Gammond 在桌子底下踢作者是因为他想得周到，想阻止作者。

故选C。

]
6．B[推理判断题。

根据第四段最后三句“I learned a lesson I’ll never forget.I not only had made
the storyteller uncomfortable，but also had put my friend in an embarrassing situation.How much better it would have been if I had not become argumentative.”可知，作者对晚会上发生的事很后悔。

故选B。

]
7．A[标题归纳题。

根据最后一段“十有八九，争论结束时，每个参与者都比以往更坚定地相信自己是绝对正确的。

你不可能赢得争论。

你不能，因为如果你输了，你就输了；如果你赢了，你也输了。

”可知，本文最佳标题是You Can’t Win an Argument。

故选A。

]
8．C[细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite(钙钛矿) can go almost anywhere...”可知，钙钛矿太阳能电池没有安装位置的限制，由此可知它具有灵活性，故C项正确。

]
9．D[代词指代题。

根据画线词前的内容可知，斯堪雅建筑公司正在测验这种电池板，画线词所在句是说的结果：不管是否完全置于日光下，这种钙钛矿电池板都特别好用，由此可知they指代的就是前面提到的钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。

]
10．D[推理判断题。

根据文章最后一句中的“...but several companies expect to have perovskite panels on the market this year.”可知，一些公司已经打算今年在市场上出售钙钛矿电池板了，由此可知，很快就能在市场上看到钙钛矿电池板，故D项正确。

]
11．B[写作意图题。

通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“A new kind of solar cell made with a mineral called perovskite(钙钛矿)can go almost anywhere...”可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型太阳能电池——钙钛矿电池板的优点和前景，由此可知本文的目的就是介绍钙钛矿电池板，故B项正确。

]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读这是一篇说明文。

介绍了“荷兰式开车门法”——the “Dutch Reach”。

12．D[承接上句“The ‘Dutch Reach’ isn’t a new dance move or a random YouTube challenge.”本句未给出the “Dutch Reach”的定义，引出下句“And you might keep your car door safe in the
process，too.”故选D。

]
13．A[上句“The cyclist might be knocked down off the bike.”讲的是骑自行车的人被车门撞倒了，可以推知下一句应为车门被自行车撞上的后果。

上句有“might be”与A选项中“be likely to”相对应。

故选A。

]
14．G[由下句“Open your car door with your other hand using the Dutch Reach.”可推知，这是针对上文出现的问题所提出的解决方案，可对应到G选项。

]
15．B[由上下文的逻辑和下句“All Dutch are taught it.”中的“it”指代上文的“this way”，可以推知选B。

]
16．C[由上文“He wanted to popularize the practice in the United States.Charney’s efforts may be paying off.”中的“in the United States”和“paying off”，可推断出来选C。

]。